chapter 24 a world in flames section 1 america and the world
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Chapter 24A World In Flames
Section 1
America and the World
The Rise of Dictators
• The treaty that ended WWI and the economic depression that followed contributed to the rise of dictatorships in Europe and Asia.
Italy
• 1st major dictatorship in Europe
• 1919 Benito Mussolini founded Italy’s Fascist Party. (anti-communist)
• Fascism = aggressive nationalism
• They believe the nation is more important than the individual, and that a nation became great by expanding its territory and building its military.
Benito Mussolini
• Backed by the Blackshirts.
USSR
• 1917 – Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, set up Communist gov’t throughout the Russian empire.
• 1922 - Renamed Union of Soviet Socialist Republic.
• One-party rule
USSR
• 1926 – Joseph Stalin became the new dictator.
• 1927 – began to industrialize the country.
• Millions who resisted were killed.
Germany
• New parties rose in Germany.
• Nazi Party was anti-communist and nationalistic.
• Adolf Hitler, called for unification under one gov’t.
Germany
• Believed Germans were part of a “master race” destined to rule the world.
• Felt Jews were responsible for the worlds problems.
• 1933 Hitler appointed Prime Minister.
Germany
• Storm Troopers intimidated voters into giving Hitler dictorial powers.
Japan
• Many Japanese wanted to seize territory to gain needed resources.
• 1931- w/o permission, the army invaded Manchuria.
• Military took control of Japan.
America Turns to Neutrality
• The Nye Committee documented the huge profits that arms factories had made during the war.
• People believed this influenced America into war.
• Americans began to support isolationism.
Legislating Neutrality
• Neutrality Act of 1935 – made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war.
• Neutrality Act of 1937 – ctd. the ban and required nonmilitary supplies from the U.S. on a “cash and carry” basis.
Rome-Berlin Axis
• After the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, Hitler and Mussolini signed an agreement pledging to cooperate on several issues.
Anti-Comintern Pact
• The following month Japan aligned itself with Germany and Italy.
• Pact required the 2 countries to exchange info about Communist groups.
• These 3 countries became known as the AXIS POWERS
FDR & Internationalism
• FDR supported internationalism – trade b/w nations creates prosperity and helps prevent war.
Japan Goes to War
• 1937 – Japan launched a full scale attack on China.
• Roosevelt authorized the sale of weapons to China, saying that the Neutrality Act of 1937 did not apply, since neither side actually declared war.
End of Section 1
Next: Section 2
World War II Begins
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