chapter 18 toward a new world- view, 1540–1789. copyright © houghton mifflin company. all rights...
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Chapter 18Toward a New World-
view, 1540–1789
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 2
Question
The idea that the separation of powers could prevent despotism was proposed by
a) Isaac Newton.
b) John Locke.
c) Voltaire.
d) Montesquieu.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 3
Answer
The idea that the separation of powers could prevent despotism was proposed by
a) Isaac Newton.
b) John Locke.
c) Voltaire.
d) Montesquieu. (correct)
Hint: See page 601.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 4
Question
Which of the following types of books experienced a sharp decline during the late seventeenth century and eighteenth century?
a) Religious
b) Law
c) History
d) Arts
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 5
Answer
Which of the following types of books experienced a sharp decline during the late seventeenth century and eighteenth century?
a) Religious (correct)
b) Law
c) History
d) Arts
Hint: See page 603.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 6
Question
The Enlightenment reached its highest development in
a) Italy.
b) England.
c) Germany.
d) France.
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Answer
The Enlightenment reached its highest development in
a) Italy.
b) England.
c) Germany.
d) France. (correct)
Hint: See page 600.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 8
Question
All of the following rulers are examples of “enlightened absolutism” EXCEPT
a) Frederick II.
b) Louis XVI.
c) Catherine the Great.
d) Joseph II.
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Answer
All of the following rulers are examples of “enlightened absolutism” EXCEPT
a) Frederick II.
b) Louis XVI. (correct)
c) Catherine the Great.
d) Joseph II.
Hint: See page 615.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 10
Question
Before using the word “race” to designate biologically distinct groups of humans, Europeans grouped peoples into “________.”
a) cultures
b) nations
c) identities
d) color
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Answer
Before using the word “race” to designate biologically distinct groups of humans, Europeans grouped peoples into “________.”
a) cultures
b) nations (correct)
c) identities
d) color
Hint: See page 608.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 12
Question
The law of inertia was formulated by
a) Isaac Newton.
b) Johannes Kepler.
c) Galileo.
d) Copernicus.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 13
Answer
The law of inertia was formulated by
a) Isaac Newton.
b) Johannes Kepler.
c) Galileo. (correct)
d) Copernicus.
Hint: See page 593.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 14
Question
The Seven Years’ War was called off by
a) Frederick II.
b) Maria Theresa.
c) Peter III.
d) Catherine the Great.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 15
Answer
The Seven Years’ War was called off by
a) Frederick II.
b) Maria Theresa.
c) Peter III. (correct)
d) Catherine the Great.
Hint: See page 610.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 16
Question
Which of the following argued that new knowledge had to be pursued through empirical, experimental research?
a) Francis Bacon
b) Galileo
c) René Descartes
d) Isaac Newton
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Answer
Which of the following argued that new knowledge had to be pursued through empirical, experimental research?
a) Francis Bacon (correct)
b) Galileo
c) René Descartes
d) Isaac Newton
Hint: See page 595.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 18
Question
Poland was partitioned between all of the following countries EXCEPT
a) Prussia.
b) Austria.
c) Hungary.
d) Russia.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 19
Answer
Poland was partitioned between all of the following countries EXCEPT
a) Prussia.
b) Austria.
c) Hungary. (correct)
d) Russia.
Hint: See page 613.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 20
Question
According to medieval thought, the center of the universe was
a) the sun.
b) the earth.
c) the moon.
d) Heaven.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18 | 21
Answer
According to medieval thought, the center of the universe was
a) the sun.
b) the earth. (correct)
c) the moon.
d) Heaven.
Hint: See page 590.
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