ccnav3.3 101
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CCNA Semester 1
Chapter 01Chap
ter 01
INTRODUCTION TOINTRODUCTION TO
NETWORKINGNETWORKING
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ObjectivesObjectives
Understand the physical connection that hasto take place for a computer to connect to theInternet.
Recognize the components that comprise thecomputer.
Install and troubleshoot network interfacecards and/or modems.
Use basic testing procedures to test theInternet connection.
Demonstrate a basic understanding of the
use of web browsers and plug-ins
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Table of ContentTable of Content
1 Connecting to the internet
2 Network Math
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CONNECTING TO THE INTERNETCONNECTING TO THE INTERNET
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Requirements for Internet connectionRequirements for Internet connection
Physical connection
Connecting expansion card to a network
Logical connection
Using standards that so-called protocols
Applications
Work with protocols to send & receive data
Interpret data & display information
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PC basics: Small, Discrete ComponentsPC basics: Small, Discrete Components
Transistor Amplifies a signal or opens and closes a circuit.
Integrated circuit (IC)
Device made of semiconductor material
Contains many transistors and performs a specifictask.
Resistor
Device made of material that opposes the flow ofelectric current.
Capacitor
Electronic component that stores energy in theform of an electrostatic field
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PC Basics: Personal Computer SubsystemsPC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems
Printed circuit board (PCB) A thin plate on which chips or integrated circuits
and other electronic components are placed.
CD-ROM drive
Compact disk read-only memory drive, which is adevice that can read information from a CD-ROM.
Central processing unit (CPU)
The brains of the computer where mostcalculations take place.
Floppy disk drive
A disk drive that can read and write to floppydisks.
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PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)
Hard disk drive The device that reads and writes data on a hard
disk.
Microprocessor A silicon chip that contains a CPU.
Motherboard
The main circuit board of a microcomputer
Bus
A collection of wires through which data istransmitted from one part of a computer to
another.
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PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)
Random-access memory (RAM) RAM requires electrical power to maintain data
storage.
Read-only memory (ROM) data has been prerecorded.
it cannot be removed and can only be read.
System unit
It includes the chassis, microprocessor, mainmemory, bus, and ports.
Expansion slot
A socket locates on the motherboard
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Network Interface CardNetwork Interface Card
Protocols - Ethernet, Token Ring, or
FDDI Types of media Twisted-pair, coaxial,wireless, or fiber-optic
Type of system bus PCI or ISA
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NIC and Modem InstallationNIC and Modem Installation
Internalmodem
Card
ExternalmodemExternal
modem
PC modemcard
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TCP/IP Description and ConfigurationTCP/IP Description and Configuration
TCP/IP is a set of protocols or rules developedto allow cooperating computers to shareresources a
TCP/IP must be configured using the
operating system tools.
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Testing Connectivity with PingTesting Connectivity with Ping
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Web Browser and Plug-insWeb Browser and Plug-ins
Applications work in conjunction with thebrowser to launch the program required to
view special files Flash plays multimedia files, which was created
by Macromedia Flash
QuickTime plays video files, which was created
by Apple Real Player plays audio files
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NETWORK MATHNETWORK MATH
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Information stored in computersInformation stored in computers
These 1 and 0 are referred to as binary digitsor bits.
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Bits and BytesBits and Bytes
Unit Definition Bytes* Bits* Examples
Bit Binary digit
A 1 or 0
1 On/off,open/close
Bytes 8 bits 1 8 A letter inASCII
Kilobyte 1024bytes 1000 8000 64Kb of RAM
Megabyte 1024Kbytes 1mil 8mil 64Mb of RAM
Gigabyte 1024Mbytes 1000mil 8 bil 40Gbyteshard drive
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Base 10 Number SystemBase 10 Number System
Example:2134 = (2x10^3) + (1x10^2) + (3x10^1) + (4x10^0)
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Converting Decimal Numbers to 8-bit Binary NumbersConverting Decimal Numbers to 8-bit Binary Numbers
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Converting 8-bit Binary Numbers to Decimal NumbersConverting 8-bit Binary Numbers to Decimal Numbers
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Four-octet Dotted DecimalFour-octet Dotted Decimal
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HexadecimalHexadecimal
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Boolean or Binary LogicBoolean or Binary Logic
AND OR
NOT
NOR
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IP Addresses and Network MasksIP Addresses and Network Masks
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SummarySummary
The physical connection that has to take place for a computerto connect to the Internet
The primary components of a computer
Installation and troubleshooting network interface cards
and/or modems Basic testing procedures to test the Internet connection
Web browser selection and configuration
The Base 2 number system
Binary number conversion to decimal
The hexadecimal number system
Binary representation of IP addresses and network masks
Decimal representation of IP addresses and network masks
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