bellringerjanuary 30, 2012

Take out Chapter 7 Notes Guide

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Bellringer January 30, 2012

Chapter 7, Section 3:The Qin and Han Dynasties

January 26, 2012

Today, we will be learning about the

Qin and Han dynasties.

Objectives

*Qin Shihuangdi, “the First Qin Emperor,” took over one by one & changed gov’t to legalism.

*Those who opposed him were punished/killed.

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

*Books opposing him were burned

Strong central government

*Appointed censors

*Made sure government officials did their jobs.

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

Qin abolished the officials’ authority to pass their posts on to their sons.

He became the only person authorized to fill empty posts.

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

*Unified China by creating one currency & building roads.

*Qin connected the Chang Jiang to central China by a canal at Guangzhou.

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

*Built the Great Wall◦ *Started by several

Chinese rulers in the north

◦ *To keep out Xiongnu Nomads who lived in the

Gobi Masters at fighting on

horseback◦ *Forced farmers to

build it Work on connecting and

strengthening walls

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

• The end to the Qin dynasty–Aristocrats angry– Farmers hated him– 210 B.C. people

overthrew his dynasty–Civil War

Emperor Qin Shihuangdi

• *Founded by Liu Bang

– *Peasant who became a military leader

– *Threw out Qin’s harsh policies

– *Liu Bang declared himself Han Gaozu, “Exalted Emperor of Han.”

The Han Dynasty

• *Han Wudi– *Created hard test

for government jobs

– *Students began preparing for the test at age 7

– *One in five passed

The Han Dynasty

The empire grew rapidly Division of farm land

◦ Large families◦ 1 acre of land◦ Families could not grow

enough to live on.◦ Farmers sold their land to

aristocrats ◦ Became tenant farmers

Work on land owned by someone else and pay rent in crops

◦ Aristocrats forced more farmers to sell land

The Han Dynasty

Peaceful living for 150 years◦ Han armies added land◦ The dynasty made the

country more secure

Inventions◦ *Waterwheels◦ *Iron drill bits◦ *Steel◦ *Paper◦ *Acupuncture◦ *Rudder◦ *New way to move the

sails of ships

The Han Dynasty

*Acupuncture is the practice of easing pain by sticking needles into patients’ skin.

Large network of trade routes

Carried Chinese goods as far as Greece and Rome

*Silk was the most valuable trade product

The Silk Road

*An expensive trip◦ Merchants had to

pay taxes to many kingdoms

◦ *Carried *Silk *Spices *Tea *Porcelain

The Silk Road

*Buddhism came to China from India via merchants & teachers.

*People believed in Buddhism as the Han dynasty fell.

Major Changes in China

*Civil wars & emperors after Wudi were weak & foolish.

*Central gov’t = lost respect & power.

Major Changes in China

*Luoyang, the Han capital, was attacked by a rebel army in AD 190.

*Civil war broke out, nomads in the north, & Han dynasty collapsed

Major Changes in China

*The Chinese felt unsafe, so they found refuge in Buddhism.

Major Changes in China