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Name:___________________________________________________Period:_____Date:_______________________
BASIC GEOGRAPHY NOTES SOLStandardUSI.2a,c-d
Theearthhasmanygeographicfeatures.
• Geographicfeaturesarerelatedto:
² PatternsofTRADE
² TheDEVELOPMENTofcitiesandtowns
² WestwardEXPANSION
² AgriculturalandfishingINDUSTRIES
• Water-RelatedFeatures
² RIVER:Astreamofwaterflowingfromhightolowelevation.Itemptiesintoalake,ocean,gulf,
orotherbodyofwater.MajorriversintheUnitedStatesinclude:
• ST.LAWRENCERiver
• OHIORiver
• MISSISSIPPIRiver
• MISSOURIRiver
• COLORADORiver
• COLUMBIARiver
• RIOGRANDE
² TRIBUTARY:Abodyofwaterflowingintoalargerbodyofwater.
² LAKE:Anareaofwatersurroundedbylandonallsides.ThelargestlakesinNorthAmericaare
theGREATLAKES:
• LakeHURON
• LakeONTARIO
• LakeMICHIGAN
• LakeERIE
• LakeSUPERIOR
² BAY:Abayisanareaofwatersurroundedbyland,usuallyonthreesides.Itisalmostalways
smallerthanagulf.
² GULF:Agulfisanareaofwaterconnectedtoanoceanorseabutpartiallysurroundedbyland.It
isalmostalwayslargerthanabay.ThelargestgulfinNorthAmericaistheGULFOFMEXICO.
AtlanticOcean
St.LawrenceRiver
GreatLakes
OhioRiver
PacificOcean
MississippiRiver
ColumbiaRiver
GulfofMexico
RioGrande
ColoradoRiver
MissouriRiver
² OCEAN:Alargebodyofwaterintowhichthegreatocean(thewholebodyofsaltwaterthat
coversnearlythreefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth)isdivided.Therearefiveoceans:
• ATLANTICOcean
• PACIFICOcean
• ARCTICOcean
• INDIANOcean
• SOUTHERNOcean
• Land-RelatedFeatures
² MOUNTAIN:Alandmasswithahighelevationthatis
oftenjaggedandrockyorcoveredintreesorsnow.
² HILL:Alandmasswithahigherelevationbutsmallerand
lessrockyandjaggedthanmountains.
² PLAIN:Anareaoflandthatisusuallyflat.Plainsmight
haveafewhills,plateaus,valleys,orevenmountains.
² PLATEAU:Aflatareaoflandwithahighelevation
comparedtothelandsurroundingit.
² ISLAND:Anareaoflandsurroundedbywateronallsides.
² PENINSULA:Anareaoflandsurroundedby
wateronthreesides.
² CONTINENT:Alargelandmasssurroundedbywater.
Therearesevencontinents:
• NORTHAMERICA
• SOUTHAMERICA
• AFRICA
• AUSTRALIA
• ANTARCTICA
• ASIA
• EUROPE:Europeisconsideredacontinenteven
thoughitisnotentirelysurroundedbywater.The
landmassisfrequentlycalledEURASIA.
NorthAmerica
NORTHPOLE
PRIM
EMER
IDIAN
EQUATOR
ArcticOcean
SOUTHPOLE
PacificOcean
PacificOcean
AtlanticOcean
IndianOcean
SouthernOcean
SouthAmerica
Europe Asia
Australia
Antarctica
Africa
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