aspera & appec: european astroparticle physics coordination antonio ferrer

ASPERA & ApPEC:

European Astroparticle Physics

Coordination

Antonio FerrerCoordinador español del Eranet ASPERA

IFIC-Universitat de València & CSIC IMFP2010

La Palma 5 February 2010

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

AStroparticle Physics European Coordination ERAnet

ASPERAASPERAAAsstroparticle troparticle

PhysicsPhysics

European European

ERANET(FP6/FP7)ERANET(FP6/FP7)

Establishing a sustainable European coordination in an interdisciplinary domain

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Main title

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A bit of history… 100 years ago:Discovery of cosmic rays(Victor Hess, Nobel in 1936)

Cosmic rays laboratory (pic du midi, 2876 m) after WWII

A new state of matter (pion, )

m = 280

me

m = 210

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e

Positron, 1932C.D. Anderson

Antiproton, 1955O. Chamberlain, E. Segrè et al

Antideuteron, 1965L. Lederman, S. Ting et al

Anti-atoms, 2002ATHENA, ATRAP @ CERN

Antimatter

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Astroparticle physics

1.What is the Universe made of ?2.Do protons have a finite life time ?3.What are the properties of neutrinos ? What is

their role in cosmic evolution ?4.What do neutrinos tell us about the interior of

Sun and Earth, and about Supernova explosions ?5.What is the origin of cosmic rays ? What is the

view of the sky at extreme energies ?6.What is the nature of gravity ? Can we detect

gravitational waves ? What will they tell us about violent cosmic processes ?

*”Science is the art of replacing unimportant questions that can be answered by important ones which cannot” Edward B. Ferguson Jr. 1976.

Instalaciones de laFísica de Astroparticulas

1.Los Satélites en el espacio.2.Los Telescopios de partículas

(terrestres, submarinos, bajo el hielo polar).

3.Los Laboratorios subterráneos.

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

What is ApPEC?

ApPEC created in 2001 by the national funding agencies of France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and UK. Since then Spain, Belgium, Portugal, Greece, Switzerland and

Poland have joined ApPEC aims to

Promote and facilitate co-operation within the European Particle Astrophysics (PA) community

Develop and promulgate long term strategies for European PA, offering advice to national funding agencies and EU

Assist in improving links and co-ordination between European PA and the scientific programmes of organisations such as CERN, ESA, and ESO

Express their collective views on PA in appropriate international forums, such as OECD, UNESCO etc.

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Operation

ApPEC operates: Strategically through its Steering Committee, Operationally through its Scientific Advisory Committee

Steering Committee (SC): France: M.Spiro, P.Chomaz, S.Katsanevas Germany: T.

Berghöfer, R.Köpke, H. Bluemer, Netherlands: F. Linde, UK: D. Miller, J. Seed , Italy: R. Petronzio B. Dettore, Spain: J. Fuster, A.Ferrer, Switzerland: M. Bourquin, Belgium: D. Bertrand, C. DeClerq, Portugal G. Barreira Greece: D. Nanopoulos Poland S. Pokorski , Romania NV. Zamfir, CERN: S. Bertolucci

Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Elena Aprile, Laura Baudis, Jose Bernabeu, Pierre

Binetruy,Christian Spiering, Franz v. Feilitzsch, Enrique Fernandez,Andrea Giuliani, Werner Hofmann, Uli Katz, Paul Kooijman, Paolo Lipari, Manel Martinez, Antonio Masiero,Benoit Mours, Francesco Ronga, Sheila Rowan, Andre Rubbia, Subir Sarkar, Guenther Sigl, Gerard Smadja, Nigel Smith, Lucia Votano

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Astroparticle Physics for Europe

ASPERA-I FP6 ERANET (July2006-July2009, 2.5 M€)

Study APP personnel and funding in Europe

2500 researchers and 70 M€/yearPriority Roadmap for Infrastructures

and R&DLinking of existing infrastructures

Underground laboratoriesIssue a common call for R&D/Design studies

2nd April 2009Common outreach, databases, portal, …

What is ASPERA ?

16 countries + CERN

‘per aspera ad astra’

www.aspera-eu.org

ASPERA-II FP7 ERANET (July 2009-July2012, 2.5 M€)Goals:

Accompany the realization of the roadmap Strengthen joint programmingMove to a sustainable coordination

Coordinate with other continentsKnowledge transfer : industry/neighboring fieldsInclude the remaining European countries

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Study of funding mechanisms I

2 methods: Questionnaires (statics), National days (dynamics)

National days: an ASPERA succes story:Organisation of 11 « national days »Comparison of funding systems. Bi-monthly contacts of science managers

Diversity in European funding schemes:Operators of research vs funding agencies. Universities. Large laboratories. Regions. Private foundations. Funding of large infrastructures. Funding of interdiciplinarity. Knowledge transfer and outreach

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Study of funding mechanisms II

Investment 70 M€/yeara 2300 FTE

Overall budget 186 M€/year

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Does Europe needs an astroparticle

equivalent of CERN-ESO?

CERNA representative of the ApPEC SC attends in the European Strategy

sessions of the CERN Council.A representative of the ApPEC SAC is a member of the scientific

secretariat for the European Strategy sessions of the CERN Council. The “Working Group on the scientific and geographical enlargement

of CERN” includes by right an ApPEC representativeCERN asks ApPEC when Astroparticle Physics experiments ask the

“recognised experiment” status from CERN. Discussions for an autonomous European entity in relationship with

CERN and ESO , located et CERN to start with ?

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

THE SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM(THE MAGNIFICENT

SEVEN)

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Astroparticle Physics for Europe

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The European roadmap priorities (magnificent seven)

KM3NET

CTAAUGER -N

Einstein telescope

1 ton dark matter

1 ton neutrino massMegaton proton decay

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

High Energy Universe infrastructures

European context (ASPERA,ASTRONET, ESFRI)I. Neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean

 (KM3Net)II. High Energy Gamma Ray Cherenkov Telescope

Array (CTA)

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International context (US Decadal Survey, GWIC)III. Beyond the Auger South Observatory (Auger-

North)IV. Einstein Telescope for gravitational wave

detection (ET)

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Underground Science large infrastructures

European context V. Large dark matter detectors VI. Large Neutrino mass detectors

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International context VII. Very large Proton decay and neutrino (astro)physics detectors

In order to study rare processes on needs to go underground

The sun in

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

By 2012 start the construction of :KM3net and CTA (200 M€ scale)Also in ASTRONET and ESFRI roadmaps

2012 milestone for technology decision of: One ton dark matter and neutrino mass detectors (50-100 M€ scale)

Discuss with international partners the realisation of

Auger North in US (50-100 M€, 2012?)Megaton detector for proton decay and neutrino astrophysics (500 M€, >2015)Einstein Telescope, 3rd generation gravitational wave antenna (300 M€, after first results of adv VIRGO and advLIGO by 2015)

Budget 50% increase over available European budget for astroparticle (700 M€/10 years)

Share wth other continentsRegional funding? (e.g. KM3Net)Links to CERN and ESO

Timeline and budget

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

THE FIRST ASPERA COMMON CALL

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Astroparticle Physics for Europe

1. CTA: 4 spanish groups IFAE, IEEC,UB,UCM /22 total

2. Dark Matter R&D:DARWIN (Criogenic calorimeter) UZ/12 totalEURECA (Nobel liquids WIMPs) 11 totalCYGNUS (directional WIMPs) UZ/6 total

A total of 4 M€ funded.

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Astroparticle Physics for Europe

THE NEXT ASPERA COMMON CALL

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Proposal:

1. Cosmic Rays (AUGER)2. Neutrino Detectors (in cooperation with CERN)

September 2010

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Strengthening spanish coordination

The 4 spanish Networks:1. Particle Physics2. Accelerators3. LHC4. RENATA include Neutrinos, Dark energy

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Towards global coordination

VIRGO

LIGO

GEO 600

H1H2

LIGO

An inspiring example: World network of gravitational wave antennas:

Sensitivity increase

Source direction determination

Polarizations measurement

Global coordination can be of 2 types:

1.Network e.g. GW antennas

1.A global infrastructure e.g. AUGER Observatory in Argentina

OECD Global Science Forum study on Astroparticle Phyiscs in progress. would give its results by 2010.

TAMA 300

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Synergies with geosciences and environment

Astroparticle physics networks exhibit a natural synergy with climate and risk monitoring studies or geoscience observation networks.

Since:The atmosphere, the ocean and earth are both the target and detecting mediumNeeds to deploy large variable geometry networks of autonomous “smart” sensors in sometimes hostile environments

Compare e.g. the AUGER array of 1600 measuring stations covering 3000 km2 in the Argentinian pampa or ocean floor observatories ANTARES (KM3net) with ocean floor or seismic network: EMSO, EPOS and US/Japan geoscience networks: EARTHSCOPE

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Joining the two infinities (infinitively small with initively large)

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

Conclusions, future actions

• European Astroparticle Physics after a long but fruitful process of coordination has prepared a phased priority roadmap that enjoys large acceptance by the agencies and the community.

• Furthermore the discussion has started in Europe for the drafting of a more sustainable coordinating structure that would manage the realisation of the above program. Its eventual relationships to the existing pan European structures (CERN, ESO) are examined.

• Complementarities and budget demand the generalisation of this process of coordination to other regions. This process that has started in the context of the OECD Global Science Forum (1st meeting in Paris 12-13 February 2009) and could continue in other bodies (e.g. FALC).– OECD GSF phase 1 (2009) perimeter, statistics and census of the field– OECD GSF phase 2 (2010) priority coordination ?

• (in synchronism with US decadal survey)

Astroparticle Physics for Europe

4км from the shore

1366 м depth

Shore Station

Astroparticle Physics for EuropeLocation: - Northern hemisphere – GC (~18h/day) and Galactic Plane survey

- Flat 1350 m depth Lake bed (>3 km from the shore) – allows ~ 30 km3 Instr. Volume!

Strong ice cover during ~2 months:- Telescope installation, maintenance, upgrade and rearrangement

- Installation & test of a new equipment

- All connections are done on dry

- Fast shore cable installation (3-4 days)

Water optical properties:- Absorption length – 22-24 m

- Scattering length – 30-50 m

- Moderately low background in fresh water

Water properties allow detection of all flavor neutrinos with high direction-energy resolution!

Site properties

ice slot

cable

tractor with ice cutter

cable layer

Shore cable deployment

Astroparticles (+ neutrinos)in Spain1. LSC CANFRANC & CAST UZ

2. MAGIC IFAE - UAB - UCM3. ANTARES IFIC4. AMS CIEMAT5. AUGER USC-UCM-UAH-UGR6. K2K IFAE+IFIC7. NEXT IFAE,IFIC 8. CHOOZ CIEMAT9. DES CIEMAT, IFAE,10. VIRGO/LIGO UIB

Underground laboratories

4 large laboratories (largest Gran Sasso) + 3 smaller ones. Large effort of coordination towards sharing of management.

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