‘integration of climate resilience with mgnregs towards ...obstacles with respect to climate...
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Case study
Name of the Programme / Project
Infrastructure for Climate Resilient Growth in India (ICRG) -Joint initiative of Ministry of Rural Development
(MoRD), & UK’s Department for International Development (DFID)
Implementing Partner(s)
IPE Global; PwC India; Ricardo Energy & Environment; University of Manchester
Start & end date of project:
2016- 2020
‘Integration of Climate Resilience with MGNREGS towards enhancing livelihoods for the most
vulnerable sections in Odisha’
What is the context? What is the problem we
are trying to address?
Rural communities tend to rely mostly on
climate-sensitive resources such as water,
forest resources, agricultural land and other
natural resources. Thus, these rural
communities face geographic and demographic
obstacles with respect to climate change.
The ongoing MGNREGS works lack adequate
technical planning, are low on sustainability and
implementation is poor. Therefore, there is
huge scope to improve the adaptive capacity of
the poorest and vulnerable communities in the
rural parts of Odisha by integrating climate
resilience into MGNREGS.
Fig 1: Land effected by extreme scarcity of water in Jashipur
block of Mayurbhanj district.
What is the intervention?
The District administration is focussing on
impacting the durability of assets enshrined in
MGNREGA by building climate resilient
perspectives in order to enhance livelihood
security of the rural poor, particularly of those
dependent on rainfed agriculture. Under
Infrastructure for Climate Resilient Growth
(ICRG), a joint venture between the UK
Government’s Department for International
Development (DFID) and Ministry of Rural
Development (MoRD) India, during 2016-17
and 2017-18 about 500 works were identified
for demonstration under the programme. The
case presented here is of the works taken up in
Jashipur block of Mayurbhanj district in 2016-
17.
The interventions taken up were (Fig 2):
o Land development- the 30x40 model, field
bunds and land leveling for approximately 18
ha of area
o Construction of 3 new farm ponds &
deepening of 1 existing farm pond under
MGNREGS.
o Construction of 2 irrigation wells under
MGNREGS.
o Construction of compost pits for all 31
households to improve soil health.
o Introduction of Kharif crops like arhar, paddy
etc in the barren patch
o Introduction of Rabi crops in and around the
farms pond and dug wells
o Further there was a convergence with the
Agriculture department and other local
organizations such as the Integrated Tribal
Development Agency (ITDA) and LAMPS
(Large Sized Agriculture & Multipurpose
Societies) for vegetable and paddy cultivation.
o Linkages with community Institution (SHGs-
and Gram Panchayat Level Federations
(GPLF)1 for sustainability.
How the design is climate resilient?
Based on the primary data collected during
field reconnaissance, the village
Khandabandh was selected. Resource
mapping and identification of key issues were
carried out during field visits at the selected
site. It was observed that the land had intense
top soil erosion due to no allied agricultural
practices. During heavy rain, the kharif crops
were getting damaged due to high run off
index and low water holding capacity of the
soil. The village had large individual
uncultivable land and large wastelands. It was
also observed that opportunity for second
crop was minimal due to the lack of proper
irrigation facilities. The rain water available
was 1600.6 mm average per year and there is
no direct water supply.
∗ A large barren land
was divided into small plots and
construction of strong bunds was done to
reduce runoff volume and check runoff fully,
Fig 2: Land development intervention in Kanbhand village of
Jashipur block
Map-1: Selected site map from google earth. The maroon line
shows the boundary of the entire patch. Small blue square are
proposed farm pond sites.
1 The GPLF consists of women Self Help Groups (SHGs) of individuals joined together on the basis
of mutuality and affinity from the poorer sections of society. The GPLF is confined to a network of SHGs of a particular Gram
Panchayat. It provides a common platform for member SHGs to share their experiences and to voice their problems. The GPLF can
help achieve what individual SHGs cannot, by pooling talent and resources from the GP/Block/District
hence rain water flows through sub surface
and ground water recharge will be
enhanced.
∗ The check in runoff was meant to ensure no
loss of soil nutrition and biomass in the soil.
Loss of application of additional nutrition
such as compost manure will also be
checked fully which will also increase soil
organic carbon and improve productive
capacity of soil.
∗ Sub surface flow will be collected through
construction of farm ponds and dug wells in
suitable locations.
∗ Due to increase of soil moisture and ground
water availability, the growth of existing
trees will improve, and the mortality rate of
juvenile planted trees will reduce.
∗ The conversion of land from no crop to
single or double crop will incrementally
enhance the climate resilience and
livelihood security of beneficiaries.
∗ Bunds will be protected from splash erosion
by cultivating arhar plants.
What is the impact?
There were 5 interventions planned in the area
out of which 2 (Land development through
30x40 model, field bunds & land levelling for
approximately 18 ha of area and introduction of
Kharif crops like arhar, paddy etc in the barren
patch) have been completed. The rest 10
hectare land development work is going on. The
other 4 interventions which have been
approved and will start soon are:
• Construction of 3 new farm ponds &
deepening of 1 existing farm pond under
MGNREGS.
• Construction of 2 irrigation well under
MGNREGS.
• Construction of compost pits for all 31
households to improve soil health.
• Introduction of Rabi crops in and around
the farms pond and dug wells
Impact of the interventions:
24 HHs have benefited from this intervention
till date.
1. The 30 X 40 model land development
intervention helped to do paddy cultivation
for an area of 1.5 acre (Fig 4). This has
benefited 24 HHs till date.
2. The water pit in the 30 X 40 model plot,
supplied enough water for doing both
upstream as well as downstream paddy
cultivation (Fig 5). About 5 acres of land in
Fig 4: 30x40 model with paddy cultivation in both upstream and
downstream
Fig 5: Plantation of Arhar on the field bunds (left side) and
moisture retention in the soil (right side)
the downstream patch were found with
excellent paddy cultivation.
3. Arhar plantation was done on the field
bunds of 8 different plots covering 2.10 acre
of land (Fig 5).
4. In the land which was treated with field
bunds, pumpkin cultivation was taken up
covering 3.2 acre of land (Fig 3).
5. Stagnated water bodies were found in the
treated area which helped to retain the
moisture in the soil (Fig 5).
Future expected impacts of the interventions:
Considering the successful start- up
interventions on Paddy, Arhar and Pumpkin
during 2017-18 and interest of the direct
beneficiaries, other livelihood activities through
convergence with Line Departments will be
implemented. The platform of Odisha
Livelihood Mission (OLM) will be utilized for
capacity building of direct beneficiaries of the
patch on livelihoods, skill development and
credit linkage to establish a sustainable
production cluster.
• Introduction of drought resilient short
duration paddy (4 Ha.)
• Patch cultivation of Arhar (2 Ha)
• Vegetable production in 2 Ha.
• Promotion of Organic Farming
• Promotion of Nadep Pit, Vermi compost etc.
Currently crops that been cultivated through
ITDA and LAMPS include:
1.Pumpkin- on 1 ha
2.Longbeans,Tamato,Ladiesfinger,Bittergourd-
on 1 ha
3.Maize, Blackgram, Rassi-on 1 ha
4.Paddy/Arhar- on 4 ha
Fig 6: 30 X 40 model with water pit structure and arhar
plantation around the bund area.
Who is this Benefiting?
Mr. Damaru Soren, who belongs to the
Bathudi, ST community, is one of the direct
beneficiaries of the climate resilient
intervention done in Khandabandh village of
Rugudi town, Mayurbhanj district for the FY
2016-17. His primary source of income is
through farming in his own land, he owns
around 2 acres of land.
Due to the land development and CRW
intervention Mr. Soren was able to convert his
waste and fallow land into a cultivable land. He
was able to do paddy cultivation both in the
upper and lower reaches, he also did double
cropping of paddy, arhar and long bean in his 2
acres of land. Not only did he earn through the
wages received from MGNREGS (his HH was
able to complete 60-65 days of work and
earned 8000 in the year 2016-17) but he was
also able to also earn an extra 10,000 through
the new agriculture practices. Due to 30x40
model his land regained moisture holding
capacity making it more fertile for cultivation.
He even explained how the land development
treatment helped in reducing runoff and
retaining more moisture into the soil.
Photo of Mr. Damaru Soren, a local farmer in Khandabandh
village.
Mishra Chhatar is a ST farmer from the
Khandabandh village. He owns 6 acres of land.
Due to the land development and CRWs
constructed in his village, he was able to save
water for the kharif season cultivation, unlike
in the last few years when he faced more crop
loss as well as low yield due to insufficient
water supply. With a family of six he has quite
a few mouths to feed, he is however happy
that he received MGNREGS wages of INR
7040.00 for the financial year 2016-17 and had
an annual income of 45,440.00 in the year
2017-18.
In the current year (2018-19), he plans to
cultivate paddy (on 3.5 acre), pumpkin (on 1.5
acre), long beans and lady finger on 1 acre of
land. The seeds for the vegetables have been
given by ITDA and LAMPS.
Photo of Mishra
Chhatar and his
pumpkin harvest
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