academic librarians and oer: access, advocacy, and activism
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Academic Librarians and OER: Access, Advocacy, and Activism
Brenda Smith, Thompson Rivers UniversityDr. Rajiv Jhangiani, Kwantlen Polytechnic UniversityCaroline Daniels, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
Today’s Plan
• Background on OERs• Creative Commons Licensing & Attributions• OER in BC: Some Highlights• Making the case for faculty, students &
institutions• Librarians: Small and Easy! Make it happen• BCOER Librarians
“Teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.”
Source: William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education/open-educational-resources)
Types of OERs• textbooks• readings• multimedia files (e.g.,
videos)• software• assessment tools (e.g.,
quizzes, tests)• lessons/lesson plans• modules• entire courses
The 5 R’s of Openness• RETAIN
the right to make, own, and control copies of the content
• REUSEthe right to use the content in a wide range of ways (e.g., in a class, in a study group, on a website, in a video)
• REVISEthe right to adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the content itself (e.g., translate the content into another language)
• REMIXthe right to combine the original or revised content with other open content to create something new (e.g., incorporate the content into a mashup)
• REDISTRIBUTEthe right to share copies of the original content, your revisions, or your remixes with others (e.g., give a copy of the content to a friend)
Source: David Wiley, CC, March 2014, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221
Open Content Licencing
Middle range of licences between public domain and copyright – “some rights reserved”
Creative Commons Licenses
• Available free of charge to the public. • Allow creators to communicate which rights
they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators.
• Using a CC license on OERs is a mainstay within the sector.
Only for items you want to copy (linking and embedding are OK)
Creative Commons Licence Features
6 Creative Commons Licences
6 Creative Commons Licences
Least Open
Most Open
Public Domain Tools
CCOUse if you want to waive all copyright and related rights for work that YOU have created.
Public Domain Mark Use if you have identified a work that is free of known copyright restrictions.
How do I properly mark CC stuff that I use?
Attribution TASL
T – Title
A – Artist
S – Source (usually link)
L – CC Licence
If you modify, note what you change.
"Clownfish and Sea Anemone 2" by Samuel Chow is licensed under CC BY 4.0
This is a modified image based on the image Clownfish and Sea Anemone 2" by Samuel Chow is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Text and arrows were added.
Adapting CC Material
This is a modified image based on the image Clownfish and Sea Anemone 2" by Samuel Chow is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Text and arrows were added. Amphiprioninae text from Wikipedia used under a CC-BY-SA licence.
Remixing CC MaterialSource 1
↓ Source 2
https://wiki.creativecommons.org/Frequently_Asked_Questions/
This is a modified image based on the image Clownfish and Sea Anemone 2" by Samuel Chow is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Text and arrows were added. Amphiprioninae text from Wikipedia used under a CC-BY-SA licence.
This image is released under a CC-BY-SA licence.
Attribution Builders
• Open Attribution Builder: http://www.openwa.org/open-attrib-builder/
• Open Attribute (plugin):• http://openattribute.com/
OERs in BC
Open Textbook Project● Phase 1: 2012 -
highest enrolled academic subject areas
● Phase 2: 2014 - trades & skills training
http://bccampus.ca/open-textbook-project/
Open Textbook Project: Adaptations & Creations in Top 40 Subject Areas
http://open.bccampus.ca/find-open-textbooks/?uuid=6c4a9484-8d43-4a44-a565-09cc773aa53f&contributor=&keyword=&subject=History
SOL*R
http://solr.bccampus.ca/
http://solr.bccampus.ca/
Professional Development
• Educational Technology Users Group (ETUG): http://etug.ca/
• SCoPE: http://scope.bccampus.ca/
• Open Textbook Summit: http://otsummit.bccampus.ca/
• OpenEd Conference: http://openedconference.org/2015/
Why Are OERs Important?
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
But what about e-textbooks?
60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due
to cost 35% take fewer courses due
to textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook
cost23% regularly go without
textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course due to textbook
cost10% have withdrawn from a course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey by Florida Virtual
Campus
There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success
Why Open Textbooks?
Access
Cost savings
Portability
Course performance
Adapt, update, & remix
Student retention
Program completion
Hilton & Laman (2012)
• 7 psychology faculty• Houston Community College• 23 sections (690 students)
Traditional textbook (Spring 2011)
Open textbook(Fall 2012)
GPA 1.6 2.0
Withdrawal rate (%) 14 7.1
Final examination (%) 67.6 71.1
Hilton, J., & Laman, C. (2012). One college’s use of an open psychology textbook. Open Learning, 27(3), 265-272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657
Robinson et al. (2014)
• Quasi-experimental design• Propensity-score matched groups• OT students scored slightly higher on end-of-
year standardized science tests• Significant gains in chemistry• No differences in physics or earth systems
Robinson T. J., Fischer, L., Wiley, D. A., & Hilton, J. (2014). The impact of open textbooks on secondary science learning outcomes. Educational Researcher, 43(7), 341-351. doi: 10.3102/0013189X14550275
2014 Babson Survey
Those who have adopted OER rate the quality of OER as significantly higher: F(1, 35) = 7.88, p = .008, = 0.18 (Jhangiani et al., 2015)
Overall, I am satisfied with the quality of the modules/chapters in the open textbook
What is the average cost of the textbooks that you purchase for your other courses?
Overall, I am satisfied with the convenience, access, & portability of the open textbook
%
I would have preferred to pay for a traditional textbook for this course
I like how the theories are explained in more understandable ways compared to other textbooks where the author tends to talk in circles before explaining what is being talked about
I would not have bought the text book for this course because it's an elective. I would have possibly walked away with a C, now I might actually get an A-
It is easily accessible and convenient. Material is easy to understand and follow
I personally really like the convenience of having the complete set of chapters on my computer and even accessible from my phone if I need it. I like that I don't have to lug around another text book
It's free and it's a great money saver
Jhangiani et al. (2015)
• 78 participants representing 17 institutions• 72% have taught for >10 years
Use of OER
Challenges Faced
Enabling Factors
Open Education Practices
Open Textbooks & Other
OER
Open Access
Publishing
Open Research Practices
Open Pedagogy
OER - Think Locally ….
Caroline DanielsSystems, Web and Interlibrary Loan
LibrarianKwantlen Polytechnic University
BC Open Textbook Summit 2014
Off the side of my desk?
Opportunities vs. obstacle
Initial reaction
Gentle Liaison
The Easy factor
Do anything to make it easier for faculty to use OER
Web Page - Keep it Simple!
Integration ideas: #1 Catalogue OER Collections
Integration#2Integrate open resources into discovery layer
Integration #3 Gather OER resources in your ERM
Leverage traditional services for non traditional purposes
Ask for Help: BCcampus
Ebooks vs. Open Textbooks
Start a Small Team
Join a Big Team!
Stop Duplicating Work!BCcampus Media Wiki
KPU Libguides
Learn from SuccessDigital Course Pack from University of Minnesota
• University of Minnesota Digital Course Pack
Tidewater College ‘Z’ Degree using only Open Content
Cal PolyOpen Textbook Library
What’s Happening at KPU
“It’s just change”
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