3 uk indicators for brazil v3

EU and UK Biodiversity Indicators

James Williams Joint Nature Conservation Committee

Monkstone House, City Road, Peterborough, PE1 1JY. United Kingdom.

James.Williams@jncc.gov.uk +44 (0)1733 86 68 68 www.jncc.gov.uk/biyp

The 2010 target

“ to achieve by 2010 a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national level as a contribution to poverty alleviation and to the benefit of all life on earth”

•  CBD COP-6 (2002) •  WSSD, Jo’burg (2002) •  UNGA MDG Summit (2006) •  MDG Framework (2007)

•  Initiated in 2005 to select a set of indicators to monitor progress towards 2010 in Europe

•  Built on the conceptual framework provided by the CBD, and worked with a set of headline indicators within the CBD focal areas.

•  Process: –  Coordination Team –  Experts sought from all countries –  6 EG, 3 WGs

•  A lot of meetings!

SEBI 2010

Choosing Indicators Each indicator should have the following characteristics: •  Policy relevant and meaningful •  Biodiversity relevant •  Scientifically sound and methodologically well founded •  Show progress towards the 2010 target •  Easy to understand •  Based on affordable monitoring, available and routinely collected data •  Amenable to modelling of cause-effect relationships •  Good spatial and temporal coverage of data •  Applicable at a national scale •  Aggregation possible at a range of scales •  Sensitive to change

The set as a whole should be: •  Representative •  Limited in number

1. Abundance and distribution of selected species 14. Fragmentation of river systems

2. Red List Index for European species 15. Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine waters

3. Species of European interest 16. Freshwater quality 4. Ecosystem coverage 17. Forest: Growing stock, increment and fellings 5. Habitats of European interest 18. Forest: Deadwood 6. Livestock genetic diversity 19. Agriculture: Nitrogen balance

7. Nationally designated protected areas 20. Agriculture: Area under management practices potentially supporting biodiversity

8. Sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives 21. Fisheries: European commercial fish stocks

9. Critical load exceedance for nitrogen 22. Aquaculture: Effluent water quality from finfish farms

10. Invasive alien species in Europe 23. Ecological Footprint of European countries

11. Impact of climatic change on bird populations 24. Patent applications based on genetic resources

12. Marine Trophic Index of European seas 25. Financing biodiversity management 13. Fragmentation of natural and semi-natural areas 26. Public awareness

26 SEBI indicators

Scoring the criteria

Geographical coverage

The UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UKBAP)

•  The UK published its first national biodiversity action plan in January 1994 in response to Article 6 of the CBD.

•  The Plan was given a new strategic framework in 2007, “to reflect the changing context brought about by issues such as devolution within the UK, climate change, and internationally agreed targets to significantly reduce the current rate of biodiversity loss globally by 2010”.

Country Strategies

Scotland  

England  Northern  Ireland  

Wales  

•  Biodiversity is not a separate activity but needs to be integrated with other sectors.

•  We’ve worked to develop an ecosystems approach – environment, economy and human well-being

•  We need to involve all the key parties – Government and statutory agencies, NGOs, business, academia, and the botanical gardens and museums – round the table

•  If we can maintain and create functional combinations of habitats, these will deliver both ecosystem services and homes for our priority species.

Implementing the UK BAP (1)

•  It has been helpful to set targets for particular species and habitats and work toward achieving these.

•  But we can’t set individual targets for a very long list of species, for marine species and habitats, and for organisms that are small and difficult to count. Then it makes more sense to manage habitats for the range of niches that species need.

•  Devolution demands that we regionalise the targets. Regions need to be engaged in contributing to meeting national targets, and also to set targets for their own regions.

•  We need to engage people in conserving biodiversity in their local areas.

•  A sound evidence base is critical to effective conservation •  Indicators help to drive policy, but need to used carefully

Implementing the UK BAP (2)

UK 2010 indicators

•  Set of 18 headline indicators: •  Focus on biodiversity outcomes •  Mapped to CBD and EU frameworks •  Use existing data sources (avoid new burdens) •  First published in hardcopy June 2007

•  Website update May 2008, April 2009 •  Hardcopy update May 2009 •  Hardcopy and web update May 2010

•  Provides core of UK CBD 4th National Report •  Communication vehicle for biodiversity beyond 2010 •  www.jncc.gov.uk/biyp

UK Biodiversity Indicators (1) EU/CBD Focal Areas UK Indicators

Status and trends of the components of biological diversity

1. Trends in populations of selected species: (a) wild birds; (b) butterflies; (c) bats

2. Plant diversity in the wider countryside 3. Status of Priority Species 4. Status of Priority Habitats 5. Genetic diversity 6 (a) Extent of protected areas and; (b) Proportion of features of in favourable condition.

Sustainable use

7. Proportion of woodland area under certified management 8. Area of land under agri-environment scheme agreement 9. Proportion of commercially exploited fish stocks around the UK harvested sustainably.

UK Biodiversity Indicators (2)

EU/CBD Focal Areas UK Indicators

Threats to biodiversity

10. Ecological impacts of air pollution 11. Invasive species 12. Timing of biological events

Ecosystem integrity and ecosystem goods and services

13. Marine ecosystem integrity 14. Habitat connectivity 15. Rivers of good chemical and biological

quality

Status of resource transfers and use

16. Public sector environmental protection expenditure on biodiversity in the UK

17. UK Government funding for conservation of global biodiversity

Public opinion 18. Volunteer time spent in conservation

Traffic light assessments

•  Two assessment periods: •  Long-term – assessment of

change since the earliest date for which data are available.

•  If data do not precede 1996 a long term assessment is not made.

•  Short-term - assessment of change since 2000

Improving

Little or no overall change

Deteriorating

Insufficient or no comparable data

Indicator 1a. Populations of selected species (birds)

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 15. Biological river quality

Focal Area: Ecosystem

integrity and ecosystem goods and services

As published May 2010

Indicator 14. Habitat connectivity

Further analysis is required to better explain the causes of the changes in connectivity (which may be due to changes in the extent of the habitat or changes around the habitat blocks). Until this analysis has been undertaken, the current information is insufficient for an assessment of change to be made, despite the statistically significant increase seen in connectivity in neutral grassland habitat.

Focal Area: Ecosystem

integrity and ecosystem goods and services

As published May 2010

UK Biodiversity Indicators

2010

As published May 2010

Summary of UK experience

•  A ‘basket’ of indicators shows breadth of UK Biodiversity Action Plan and CBD commitments.

•  Headline indicators are a communication tool for the UK – keep it simple, streamlined and relevant.

•  Indicators need to be supported by evidence (surveillance, monitoring and research).

•  Helps UK to make an effective contribution to European and global assessments.

•  Easy to apply international frameworks to existing UK/country indicators and data.

Thank You / Obrigado

Questions?

Discussion

Indicator 1a. Populations of selected species (birds)

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 1b. Populations of selected species (butterflies)

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 1c. Populations of selected species (bats)

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 2. Plant Diversity

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 3. Status of UK Biodiversity Action Plan Priority Species

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 4. Status of UK Biodiversity Action Plan Priority Habitats

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 5. Genetic Diversity

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 6. Extent and condition of UK protected areas

Focal Area: Status and

trends of the components of biological

diversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 7. Woodland Management

Focal Area: Sustainable

Use

As published May 2010

Indicator 8. Area of land under Agri-environment scheme management

Focal Area: Sustainable

Use

As published May 2010

Indicator 9. Sustainable fisheries

Focal Area: Sustainable

Use

As published May 2010

Indicator 10. Ecological impacts of air pollution

Focal Area: Threats to biodiversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 11. Impact of invasive species

Focal Area: Threats to biodiversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 12. Spring index

This is a contextual indicator and as such is not assessed.

Focal Area: Threats to biodiversity

As published May 2010

Indicator 13. Marine ecosystem integrity

Focal Area: Ecosystem

integrity and ecosystem goods and services

As published May 2010

Indicator 14. Habitat connectivity

Further analysis is required to better explain the causes of the changes in connectivity (which may be due to changes in the extent of the habitat or changes around the habitat blocks). Until this analysis has been undertaken, the current information is insufficient for an assessment of change to be made, despite the statistically significant increase seen in connectivity in neutral grassland habitat.

Focal Area: Ecosystem

integrity and ecosystem goods and services

As published May 2010

Indicator 15. Biological river quality

Focal Area: Ecosystem

integrity and ecosystem goods and services

As published May 2010

Indicator 16. UK biodiversity expenditure

Focal Area: Status of resource

transfers and use

As published May 2010

Indicator 17. Global biodiversity expenditure

Focal Area: Status of resource

transfers and use

As published May 2010

Indicator 18. Conservation volunteering

Focal Area: Public

awareness and

participation

As published May 2010

UK Biodiversity Indicators 2010 Assessment of change by focal area and for all measures

As published May 2010

1.  Policy relevant and meaningful: Each indicator should be policy relevant. It should send a clear message at a level appropriate for policy and management decision making. It should be meaningful on a regional level.

2.  Biodiversity relevant: Each indicator should be relevant for biodiversity.

3.  Scientifically sound and methodologically well founded: A clear description of the methodology used should be available as the indicator may be used in other indicator initiatives also.

4.  Progress towards target: Each indicator should show progress towards the 2010 target.

5.  Broad acceptance and understandability: Each indicator should be easy to understand and to document.

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Choosing Indicators

Choosing Indicators

6.  Affordable monitoring, available and routinely collected data: Each indicator should be able to be updated regularly.

7.  Affordable modelling: Information on cause-effect relationships should be achievable and quantifiable.

8.  Spatial and temporal coverage of data: the data should be consistent in space and cover all or most of [select spatial resolution]. The temporal coverage of data should be as long as possible, and relevant to the timescale for policy making.

9.  National scale and representativeness of data: Each indicator should apply to the national and relevant supra-national.

10. Sensitive: Each indicator should be able to detect changes in systems in timeframes and on the scales that are relevant to policy decisions, but also be robust so that measuring errors do not affect their interpretation. R