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S A M P L E
Number of questions and mark allocations
may vary from the information indicated.
CHEMISTRYWritten examination
Tuesday 11 November 2014 Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes) Writing time: 9.15 am to 11.45 am (2 hours 30 minutes)
QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK
Structure of bookSection Number of
questionsNumber of questions
to be answeredNumber of
marks
A 30 30 30B 12 12 90
Total 120
• Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners, rulers and one scientifi c calculator.
• Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or white out liquid/tape.
Materials supplied• Question and answer book of 45 pages.• A data book.• Answer sheet for multiple-choice questions.Instructions• Write your student number in the space provided above on this page.• Check that your name and student number as printed on your answer sheet for multiple-choice
questions are correct, and sign your name in the space provided to verify this.
• All written responses must be in English.At the end of the examination• Place the answer sheet for multiple-choice questions inside the front cover of this book.• You may keep the data book.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.
© VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2014
SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HEREVictorian Certifi cate of Education2014
STUDENT NUMBER
Letter
2014 CHEMISTRY EXAM
S A M P L E
Number of questions and mark allocations
may vary from the information indicated.
SECTION A – Multiple-choice questions
Instructions for Section AAnswer all questions in pencil on the answer sheet provided for multiple-choice questions.Choose the response that is correct or that best answers the question.A correct answer scores 1, an incorrect answer scores 0. Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers. No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question.
SECTION B
Instructions for Section BAnswer all questions in the spaces provided. Write using black or blue pen.To obtain full marks for your responses, you should:• give simplifi ed answers, with an appropriate number of signifi cant fi gures, to all numerical questions;
unsimplifi ed answers will not be given full marks• show all working in your answers to numerical questions; no marks will be given for an incorrect answer
unless it is accompanied by details of the working• make sure chemical equations are balanced and that the formulas for individual substances include an
indication of state; for example, H2(g), NaCl(s).
Directions to students
• Aquestionandanswerbookisprovidedwiththisdatabook.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.
CHEMISTRYWritten examination
Tuesday 11 November 2014 Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes) Writing time: 9.15 am to 11.45 am (2 hours 30 minutes)
DATA BOOK
©VICTORIANCURRICULUMANDASSESSMENTAUTHORITY2014
Victorian Certificate of Education 2014
2014CHEMDATABOOK 2
Table of contents page
1. Periodictableoftheelements 3
2. Theelectrochemicalseries 4
3. Physicalconstants 5
4. SIprefixes,theirsymbolsandvalues 5
5. 1HNMRdata 5–6
6. 13CNMRdata 7
7. Infraredabsorptiondata 7
8. 2-aminoacids(α-aminoacids) 8–9
9. Formulasofsomefattyacids 10
10. Structuralformulasofsomeimportantbiomolecules 10
11. Acid-baseindicators 11
12. Acidityconstants,Ka,ofsomeweakacidsat25°C 11
13. Valuesofmolarenthalpyofcombustionofsomecommonfuelsat298Kand101.3kPa 11
3 2014CHEMDATABOOK
TURN OVER
1. P
erio
dic t
able
of t
he el
emen
ts
1 H
1.0
Hydrogen
2 He
4.0
Helium
3 Li
6.9
Lithium
4 Be
9.0
Beryllium
5 B
10.8
Boron
6 C
12.0
Carbon
7 N
14.0
Nitrogen
8 O
16.0
Oxygen
9 F 19.0
Fluorine
10
Ne
20.2
Neon
11
Na
23.0
Sodium
12
Mg
24.3
Magnesium
13
Al
27.0
Aluminium
14
Si
28.1
Silicon
15
P 31.0
Phosphorus
16
S 32.1
Sulfur
17
Cl
35.5
Chlorine
18
Ar
39.9
Argon
19
K
39.1
Potassium
20
Ca
40.1
Calcium
21
Sc
45.0
Scandium
22
Ti
47.9
Titanium
23
V
50.9
Vanadium
24
Cr
52.0
Chrom
ium
25
Mn
54.9
Manganese
26
Fe
55.8
Iron
27
Co
58.9
Cobalt
28
Ni
58.7
Nickel
29
Cu
63.5
Copper
30
Zn
65.4
Zinc
31
Ga
69.7
Gallium
32
Ge
72.6
Germanium
33
As
74.9
Arsenic
34
Se
79.0
Selenium
35
Br
79.9
Bromine
36
Kr
83.8
Krypton
37
Rb
85.5
Rubidium
38
Sr
87.6
Strontium
39
Y
88.9
Yttrium
40
Zr
91.2
Zirconium
41
Nb
92.9
Niobium
42
Mo
96.0
Molybdenum
43
Tc
(98)
Technetium
44
Ru
101.1
Ruthenium
45
Rh
102.9
Rhodium
46
Pd
106.4
Palladium
47
Ag
107.9
Silver
48
Cd
112.4
Cadmium
49
In
114.8
Indium
50
Sn
118.7
Tin
51
Sb
121.8
Antimony
52
Te
127.6
Tellurium
53
I 126.9
Iodine
54
Xe
131.3
Xenon
55
Cs
132.9
Caesium
56
Ba
137.3
Barium
57
La
138.9
Lanthanum
72
Hf
178.5
Hafnium
73
Ta
180.9
Tantalum
74
W
183.8
Tungsten
75
Re
186.2
Rhenium
76
Os
190.2
Osm
ium
77
Ir
192.2
Iridium
78
Pt
195.1
Platinum
79
Au
197.0
Gold
80
Hg
200.6
Mercury
81
Tl
204.4
Thallium
82
Pb
207.2
Lead
83
Bi
209.0
Bismuth
84
Po
(210)
Polonium
85
At
(210)
Astatine
86
Rn
(222)
Radon
87
Fr
(223)
Francium
88
Ra
(226)
Radium
89
Ac
(227)
Actinium
104
Rf
(261)
Rutherfordium
105
Db
(262)
Dubnium
106
Sg
(266)
Seaborgium
107
Bh
(264)
Bohrium
108
Hs
(267)
Hassium
109
Mt
(268)
Meitnerium
110
Ds
(271)
Darmstadtium
111
Rg
(272)
Roentgenium
112
Cn
(285)
Copernicium
113
Uut
(284)
114
Uuq
(289)
115
Uup
(288)
116
Uuh
(293)
117
Uus
(294)
118
Uuo
(294)
58
Ce
140.1
Cerium
59
Pr
140.9
Praseodymium
60
Nd
144.2
Neodymium
61
Pm
(145)
Prom
ethium
62
Sm
150.4
Samarium
63
Eu
152.0
Europium
64
Gd
157.3
Gadolinium
65
Tb
158.9
Terbium
66
Dy
162.5
Dysprosium
67
Ho
164.9
Holmium
68
Er
167.3
Erbium
69
Tm
168.9
Thulium
70
Yb
173.1
Ytterbium
71
Lu
175.0
Lutetium
90
Th
232.0
Thorium
91
Pa
231.0
Protactinium
92
U
238.0
Uranium
93
Np
(237)
Neptunium
94
Pu
(244)
Plutonium
95
Am
(243)
Americium
96
Cm
(247)
Curium
97
Bk
(247)
Berkelium
98
Cf
(251)
Californium
99
Es
(252)
Einsteinium
100
Fm
(257)
Fermium
101
Md
(258)
Mendelevium
102
No
(259)
Nobelium
103
Lr
(262)
Lawrencium
Thevalueinbracketsindicatesthemassn
umberofthelongest-livedisotope.
79
Au
197.0
Gold
atom
icnum
ber
relativeatom
icmass
symbolofelement
nameofelement
2014CHEMDATABOOK 4
2. The electrochemical series
E°involt
F2(g)+2e–⇌ 2F–(aq) +2.87
H2O2(aq)+2H+(aq)+2e–⇌ 2H2O(l) +1.77
Au+(aq)+e–⇌ Au(s) +1.68
Cl2(g)+2e–⇌ 2Cl–(aq) +1.36
O2(g)+4H+(aq)+4e–⇌ 2H2O(1) +1.23
Br2(l)+2e–⇌ 2Br–(aq) +1.09
Ag+(aq)+e–⇌ Ag(s) +0.80
Fe3+(aq)+e–⇌ Fe2+(aq) +0.77
O2(g)+2H+(aq)+2e–⇌ H2O2(aq) +0.68
I2(s)+2e–⇌ 2I–(aq) +0.54
O2(g)+2H2O(l)+4e–⇌ 4OH–(aq) +0.40
Cu2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Cu(s) +0.34
Sn4+(aq)+2e–⇌ Sn2+(aq) +0.15
S(s)+2H+(aq)+2e–⇌ H2S(g) +0.14
2H+(aq)+2e–⇌ H2(g) 0.00
Pb2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Pb(s) –0.13
Sn2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Sn(s) –0.14
Ni2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Ni(s) –0.23
Co2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Co(s) –0.28
Fe2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Fe(s) –0.44
Zn2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Zn(s) –0.76
2H2O(l)+2e–⇌ H2(g)+2OH–(aq) –0.83
Mn2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Mn(s) –1.03
Al3+(aq)+3e–⇌ Al(s) –1.67
Mg2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Mg(s) –2.34
Na+(aq)+e–⇌ Na(s) –2.71
Ca2+(aq)+2e–⇌ Ca(s) –2.87
K+(aq)+e–⇌ K(s) –2.93
Li+(aq)+e–⇌ Li(s) –3.02
5 2014CHEMDATABOOK
TURN OVER
3. Physical constants
Avogadro’sconstant(NA) =6.02×1023mol–1
chargeononeelectron =–1.60×10–19C
Faradayconstant(F) =96500Cmol–1
gasconstant(R) =8.31JK–1mol–1
ionicproductforwater(Kw) =1.00×10–14mol2L–2at298K(self-ionisationconstant)
molarvolume(Vm)ofanidealgasat273K,101.3kPa(STP) =22.4Lmol–1
molarvolume(Vm)ofanidealgasat298K,101.3kPa(SLC) =24.5Lmol–1
specificheatcapacity(c)ofwater =4.18Jg–1K–1
density(d)ofwaterat25°C =1.00gmL–1
1atm =101.3kPa=760mmHg0°C =273K
4. SI prefixes, their symbols and values
SI prefix Symbol Value
giga G 109
mega M 106
kilo k 103
deci d 10–1
centi c 10–2
milli m 10–3
micro μ 10–6
nano n 10–9
pico p 10–12
5. 1H NMR dataTypicalprotonshiftvaluesrelativetoTMS=0Thesecandifferslightlyindifferentsolvents.Wheremorethanoneprotonenvironmentisshownintheformula,theshiftreferstotheonesinboldletters.
Type of proton Chemical shift (ppm)
R–CH3 0.8–1.0
R–CH2–R 1.2–1.4
RCH=CH–CH3 1.6–1.9
R3–CH 1.4–1.7
or CH3
ORC
OCH3
NHR
CO
2.0
2014CHEMDATABOOK 6
Type of proton Chemical shift (ppm)
CH3R
C
O
2.1–2.7
R–CH2–X(X=F,Cl,BrorI) 3.0–4.5
R–CH2–OH,R2–CH–OH 3.3–4.5
R
NHCH2R
CO
3.2
R—O—CH3 or R—O—CH2R 3.3
O C
O
CH3 2.3
R
OCH2R
CO
4.1
R–O–H 1–6(variesconsiderablyunderdifferentconditions)
R–NH2 1–5
RHC CH2 4.6–6.0
OH 7.0
H 7.3
R
NHCH2R
CO
8.1
R
H
CO
9–10
R
OC
H
O9–13
7 2014CHEMDATABOOK
TURN OVER
6. 13C NMR data
Type of carbon Chemical shift (ppm)
R–CH3 8–25
R–CH2–R 20–45
R3–CH 40–60
R4–C 36–45
R–CH2–X 15–80
R3C–NH2 35–70
R–CH2–OH 50–90
RC CR 75–95
R2C=CR2 110–150
RCOOH 160–185
7. Infrared absorption dataCharacteristicrangeforinfraredabsorption
Bond Wave number (cm–1)
C–Cl 700–800
C–C 750–1100
C–O 1000–1300
C=C 1610–1680
C=O 1670–1750
O–H(acids) 2500–3300
C–H 2850–3300
O–H(alcohols) 3200–3550
N–H(primaryamines) 3350–3500
2014CHEMDATABOOK 8
8. 2-amino acids (α-amino acids)
Name Symbol Structure
alanine Ala
H2N CH COOH
CH3
arginine Arg
H2N CH COOH
CH2 CH2 CH2 NH
NH
C NH2
asparagine Asn
H2N CH COOH
CH2
O
C NH2
asparticacid Asp
H2N CH COOH
CH2 COOH
cysteine Cys
H2N CH COOH
CH2 SH
glutamine Gln
H2N CH COOH
CH2 CH2
O
C NH2
glutamicacid Glu
H2N CH COOH
CH2 CH2 COOH
glycine Gly H2N CH2 COOH
histidine His
H2N CH COOH
CH2 NH
N
isoleucine Ile
H2N CH COOH
CH3 CH CH2 CH3
9 2014CHEMDATABOOK
TURN OVER
Name Symbol Structure
leucine Leu
H2N CH COOH
CH2
CH3 CH CH3
lysine Lys
H2N CH COOH
CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 NH2
methionine Met
H2N CH COOH
CH2 CH2 S CH3
phenylalanine Phe
H2N CH
CH2
COOH
proline ProHN
COOH
serine Ser
H2N CH COOH
CH2 OH
threonine Thr
H2N CH COOH
CH3 CH OH
tryptophan Trp
H2N CH
CH2
COOH
HN
tyrosine Tyr OH
H2N CH
CH2
COOH
valine Val
H2N CH COOH
CH3 CH CH3
2014CHEMDATABOOK 10
9. Formulas of some fatty acids
Name Formula
lauric C11H23COOH
myristic C13H27COOH
palmitic C15H31COOH
palmitoleic C15H29COOH
stearic C17H35COOH
oleic C17H33COOH
linoleic C17H31COOH
linolenic C17H29COOH
arachidic C19H39COOH
arachidonic C19H31COOH
10. Structural formulas of some important biomolecules
OH
OH
OH
OHHO
O O
O
HH
H
HH
H
H H
CH2OH
CH2OH
HOCH2
sucrose
C
C
C
H
H
OH
OH
OH
H
H
H
glycerol
OH
HO
O
H H H H
H
HOCH2
deoxyribose
adenine guanine cytosine thymine phosphate
NH2 NH2
CC
CCH
CH
C
CCHC
HN HN
H2N
N N
N
C C
CO
C N N
O
C
C
O
ONH
CHCH3CH
CHNH
NHN
HN
O
O
P OO
11 2014CHEMDATABOOK
END OF DATA BOOK
11. Acid-base indicators
Name pH range Colour change KaAcid Base
thymolblue 1.2–2.8 red yellow 2×10–2
methylorange 3.1–4.4 red yellow 2×10–4
bromophenolblue 3.0–4.6 yellow blue 6×10–5
methylred 4.2–6.3 red yellow 8×10–6
bromothymolblue 6.0–7.6 yellow blue 1×10–7
phenolred 6.8–8.4 yellow red 1×10–8
phenolphthalein 8.3–10.0 colourless red 5×10–10
12. Acidity constants, Ka, of some weak acids at 25 °C
Name Formula Ka
ammoniumion NH4+ 5.6×10–10
benzoic C6H5COOH 6.4×10–5
boric H3BO3 5.8×10–10
ethanoic CH3COOH 1.7×10–5
hydrocyanic HCN 6.3×10–10
hydrofluoric HF 7.6×10–4
hypobromous HOBr 2.4×10–9
hypochlorous HOCl 2.9×10–8
lactic HC3H5O3 1.4×10–4
methanoic HCOOH 1.8×10–4
nitrous HNO2 7.2×10–4
propanoic C2H5COOH 1.3×10–5
13. Values of molar enthalpy of combustion of some common fuels at 298 K and 101.3 kPa
Substance Formula State ΔHc (kJ mol–1)hydrogen H2 g –286carbon(graphite) C s –394methane CH4 g –889ethane C2H6 g –1557propane C3H8 g –2217butane C4H10 g –2874pentane C5H12 1 –3509hexane C6H14 1 –4158octane C8H18 1 –5464ethene C2H4 g –1409methanol CH3OH 1 –725ethanol C2H5OH 1 –13641-propanol CH3CH2CH2OH 1 –20162-propanol CH3CHOHCH3 1 –2003glucose C6H12O6 s –2816
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STUDENT NUMBER
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STUDENTNAME:
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CS
Pea
rson
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VCE CHEMISTRYWritten Examination
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