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BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BPMN Series
G o o d e - L e a r n i n g R e s o u r c e s : : w w w . g o o d e l e a r n i n g . c o m / d o w n l o a d s
BPMN 2.0 Best Modeling Practices – Part 1
Good e-Learning’s complete guide to BPMN 2.0
by Gregor Polančič
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
Introduction
The notational part of the BPMN 2.0 standard defines visual process elements and provides rules for their usage when creating business process diagrams
However the method and style approach for creating BPMN diagrams is out of the scope of the BPMN specification
This slide deck teaches you about six best practices which relate to the ‘style’ modeling approach.
The best practices can be obtained from the book ‘BPMN Modeling and Reference Guide. Future Strategies Inc., Lighthouse Pt, FL, 2008.’
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#1: Sending and receiving messages
Message exchange (i.e. sending and receiving messages) is used for communication between processes
Message exchange can be realized with
• Message events (i.e. catch and throw message events)
• Message tasks (send task and receive task)
Minor differences between message events and message tasks do exist. However if possible, the best practice is to avoid using both approaches together in the same diagram
Pro
ces
s 1
Pro
ces
s 2
Message flow
Task
Task
Message flow
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#2: Using start and end events
The BPMN specification defines start and end events as optional- however a best practice is to use them
Note that if there is an end event then there must be at least one start event and opposite
Pro
ces
s
Sub Process
Task Task TaskP
roc
es
s
Sub Process
Task Task Task
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#3: Setting timers
Timers (i.e. timer events) are events that occurs when a specific time condition becomes true
If applicable, you should avoid specific date and time conditions as they inhibit the re-usability of a process
8. AM 20 minutes
Task
1 hour
Increase reuse!
Start of a working day
Wait agreed amount of
time
Task
Task exceeds
defined time
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#4: Use a default condition
One way for the modeler to ensure that a process does not get stuck at a gateway is to use a default sequence flow
A Default sequence flow should be used in the following scenarios:
• when data-based exclusive judgment (XOR split) is exercised
• when inclusive judgment (OR split) is exercised
It can be modeled with an OR gateway or with conditional flows
Condition 1
Condition 2
Task
Condition 1
Default flow Default flow
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#5: Use a timer intermediate event with an event gateway
• A timer intermediate event acts as a default flow when using an event-based decision.
• A Timer intermediate event assures that a process will continue after an event-based decision if NO other events ‘happen’
Task
1 day
Pro
ces
s
Participant
Answer 1
Answer 2
“Default flow”
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
BP#6: Prevent deadlocks when synchronizing paths
Make sure that the number of incoming sequence flows is correct for a parallel gateway - especially when used in conjunction with other gateways
Task 2
Task 3
Task 1
Exceed time
Cond 1
Cond 2
Task 4
This flow is conditional
This flow is performed if time is exceeded
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
Summary
These slides presented six best practices that should be followed to decrease the ambiguity and increase the usefulness of your BPMN diagrams
The can be summarized in the following way:
• in BPMN diagrams, you should always use start and end events
• you should avoid deadlocks when using different types of BPMN gateways
• If there are several options for using a BPMN element, use your chosen element consistently
BPMN Series Timer Events – Best Practices and Common Mistakes
© Good e-Learning 2014. All rights reserved.
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