1 / x spatial data infrastructure grs-21306 introduction arnold bregt
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A few examples
GEO (World)
INSPIRE (EU)
PDOK (Netherlands)
Definition (Oxford dictionary)
“The basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or organization”
Characteristics of an Infrastructure
Time Span Long-term activity (10-100 yrs)
Users Large users groups
Funding Tax money or obligatory amount per user
Management/ Control
Government, monopolist, political debate
Types of Infrastructure
Physical Infrastructures
Organizational Infrastructures
Information Infrastructures
Video on SDI
Video on SDI (Spain)
Video on SDI (Canada)
Video on SDI (Students)
Video on SDI (Intergraph)
Definitions of SDI
Executive Order of US (1994) National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) means the technology, policies, standards and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial data.
Definitions of SDI
Wytzisk and Sliwinski (2004) A SDI can be understood as a multi-leveled, scalable, and adaptable collection of technical and human services, which are interconnected across system, organizational and administrative boundaries via standardized interfaces. Those services enable users from different application domains to participate in value chains by gaining seamless access to spatial information and geo-processing resources.
Definitions of SDI
Utility view: SDI is a network facility for accessing and sharing spatial data.
Component view: spatial data, standards, policies, technology and people
Utility and goal: a network facility for supporting spatial issues in society accessing and sharing spatial data
Characteristics SDI
Holistic concept Complex system (see Paper Grus et al. in
Reader) Serving the organization/society not only a
particular application 5 components and interaction between
components
Views on SDI
Component view CAS view (complex adaptive system) Technological view Organizational view User’s view ????
Spatial Data
Spatial Data sets (Geodetic reference, Cadastre, Topography)
Administration Land Use Hydrology Environment Other ...
People Policies Spatial Data
Standards
Technology
Technology
Networks Service Oriented
Architecture Web Map server
(WMS), Web Feature Service
(WFS) Clearinghouses ........
People Policies Spatial Data
Standards
Technology
Standards
Standardization organizations (ISO, CEN, OGC)
INSPIRE Implementing rules
GML, XML, Meta-data standards
People Policies Spatial Data
Standards
Technology
Policies
SDI policy Technology policy Data access policies Data pricing policy
reference .....
People Policies Spatial Data
Standards
Technology
People
Data providers Policy makers SDI users Coordinating bodies ........
People Policies Spatial Data
Standards
Technology
A short history of SDI
1991 Term SDI from Canada 1994 Clinton Executive Order 12906 (SDI) 1996 GSDI organization 2007 INSPIRE directive
1998 SDI course in Wageningen
Summary
SDI: infrastructure for Spatial data 5 Components World-wide development (also RS data) Long term activity Difficult to organize
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