1. n . 　　　　　　　　假期；休假

1. n. 　　　　　　　　假期；休假vacation

bend 2. v. 弯腰，屈身； ( 使 ) 弯曲3. vt. 触摸；接触

4. n. 负责，掌管

5. n. 过错，错误

6. adj. 心烦的 vt. 使心烦

touch

charge

fault

upset

7. adj. 空闲的；多余的spare

8. vt. 禁止forbid

9. vt. 使吃惊 n. 惊讶；惊人的事物→

adj. 令人吃惊的→ adj. 惊讶的

surprise surprising

10. vt.&vi. 解释，说明→ n.explain explanation

11. n. 原因，理由→ adj. 合情合理的→ ( 近义词 )n. 理由，原因

12. n. 行为，举止→ v. 表现，举止

reasonable

cause

behavior behave

surprised

reason

13. vt. 惩罚→ n. 惩罚→

adj.

免受惩罚的14. adj. 令人厌倦的，乏味的，无聊的→

adj. 感到厌烦的→ vt. 使厌烦

15. vt. 使……感兴趣→ adj. 令人感兴趣的 → adj. 感兴趣的

16. adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的→ n. 价值→

adj. 无价值的；没有用的

punish punishment

boring bored

interest interesting

unpunished

bore

interested

valuable value valueless

17. vt. 建议；暗示，使想起→ n. 建议suggest suggestion

18. adj. 自私的→ n . 自我；私心→ adj.

无私的

selfish self selfless

(1)

(2)

1.surprise vt. 使惊奇；使意外 n.[U] 惊奇； [C] 令人吃惊的事物

to one s surprise=to the surprise of sb. 使人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地

take...by surprise 出其不意地攻击；使某人惊诧，出乎某人意料

be a surprise to sb. 对某人来说是件惊人的事

be surprised at sth. 对……感到吃惊

be surprised to do sth. 做……感到吃惊

①Let's surprise him with a present.

我们送件礼物让他惊喜惊喜。② ， the plan succeeded.

使我感到惊奇的是那计划竟然成功了。③The whole thing is a great surprise to us.

整件事情使我们感到十分惊奇。④We finding the house empty.

我们惊奇地发现那房子空着。

To my surprise

were surprised at

2.explain vt.&vi. 解释，说明

(1)

(2)

高效记忆explain sth. to sb.

explain to sb. sth.

向某人解释某事explain oneself

为自己的行为作说明 (或解释 )explanation n.

解释；说明in explanation of

作为……的说明 / 辩解

①It was difficult to explain the problem to the beginners.

对初学者解释这个问题很难。②They explained what had happened.

他们为所发生的事进行了辩解。③Have you anything to say your conduct ？你有什么话要为自己的行为辩白吗？

in explanation of

[ 温馨提示 ]

(1)explain 后不能跟双宾语，表示“向某人解释”时，需加tosb. 。(2) 不能跟双宾语的动词还有：introduce ， express ， suggest ， apologize ， report ， anno

unce 等。

3.leave vt. 使……处于某种状态，听任；交付，委托

leave

leave ＋ n. ＋ to/with ＋ n. 把……托付 / 委托给……

leave sb. to do sth. 委托某人去做某事

sb./sth.+n./adj./adv.sb./sth.+ 介词短语sb.doing... 使……处于……状态sth.donesb./sth.+ 从句

①Mary's parents died ， leaving her an orphan.

玛丽的父母去世了，她成了孤儿。

②He likes when he listens to music.

他听音乐的时候喜欢让门开着。

③Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.

别让她在外边雨中等着。

leaving the door open

④I've left my gloves on the bus.

我把手套落在公共汽车上了。

⑤Leave them . 那些东西就保留现状吧。

⑥She and went on a journey.

她把狗托付给我们照顾后去旅行了。

as they are

left the dog with us

4.fault n. 过错，错误； ( 物的 ) 缺点，毛病

find fault with 　　　　挑……的毛病，找……的茬at fault 有错，有责任be one's fault

that... …… 是某人的错for...

①It was his own fault that he failed in the examination.

考试不及格是他自己的过错。②They like to my work.

他们喜欢挑我工作中的毛病。③I think the owners are at fault for not warning us.

我认为业主没有提醒我们是有责任的。④The system ， for all its faults ， is the best available at

the moment.

这个系统虽然缺点不少，却是现有的最好的一个。

find fault with

fault ， mistake ， wrong

这三个词都可表示“错误”，但各有侧重：(1)fault强调过失的责任或性格上的弱点。(2)mistake强调日常生活中判断、看法的错误。(3)wrong坏事，冤屈，不道德，犯罪。

[ 自填助记 ]

①It's your own for being careless.

你粗心大意是你自己的过失。②It would be a to think that the trouble is over.

认为麻烦已经结束将是一个错误。③Anyone who does will be punished.

不管谁干了坏事都要受到惩罚。

fault

mistake

wrong

5.upset adj. 心烦的，苦恼的 vt. 使烦恼；扰乱

(1) be upsetabout sth.that... 对（做） 感到心烦to do sth.

(2)upset oneself 难过；苦恼

......

他们对输了那场官司仍感到沮丧。②Don't － no harm has been done.

不要难过——并没有造成伤害。③ that nobody had bothered to tell him about

it.

让他不高兴的是谁也没有把这件事告诉他。④He arrived an hour late and upset all our arrangements.

他迟到了一个小时，把我们的一切安排都打乱了。

upset yourself

It upset him

6.insist vt.&vi.坚持；坚持认为；坚决要求

insist on/upon sth./doing sth./one's doing sth.

坚持某事 / 做某事 / 某人做某事insist that...“坚持认为，坚持说”，表示“坚持一种说法、看法或事实”，宾语从句使用陈述语气及相应的时态。insist that...“坚持，坚决要求”，其后的 that 从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用 should do形式， should可以省略。

①I insist on your taking/insist that you take immediate

action to put this right.

我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。②She kept insisting on her innocence/insisting that she was

innocent. 她坚持说她是清白的。③The Arab insisted that he the camel.

那个阿拉伯人坚持说他从来没见过那头骆驼。④He insisted that she . 他坚决要她去。

had never seen

(should)go

7.suggest vt. 建议；暗示，使想起；表明

(3)

(sb./sb.'s)doing sth.(to sb.)that sb.(should)dosth.(to sb.)

(2)suggest 作“暗示，表明”讲时，其后若接从句，从句谓 语动词用陈述语气。

(1)suggest( 建议 )

suggestion n.[C] 　　　　　 　建议，提议make/put forward a suggestion 提出建议adopt a suggestion 采纳建议turn down one's suggestion 拒绝某人的建议

①I suggest doing the experiment another day.

我建议改日做此试验。②The doctor suggested that the new hospital

in the centre of the city.

那位医生建议新医院应该建在市中心。③Her expression suggested that she was angry.

她的表情表明她生气了。④Can I just make one suggestion about how we might do this ？关于如何做此事，我能否提一个建议？

(should) be set up

[ 温馨提示 ]

(1)suggest 不接双宾语及复合宾语。(2)suggestion( 建议 ) 后若跟同位语从句或表语从句，从句也应用虚拟语气。⑤They made a suggestion that we the new

school in advance. 他们提议我们应提前看看那所新学校。

(should) visit

(2009· 上海高考 )Bill suggested 　　　　 a meeting on

what to do for the Shanghai Expo during vacation.

A.having held B.to hold

C.holding D.hold

解析：选　考查固定搭配。句中 suggest 意为“建议”， suggest 表示此意时，可用于两种句型：① suggest doing sth. ；② suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 。

C

8.forbid vt.(forbade/forbad ， forbidden) 禁止

forbid

sth.

sb. sth.

doing sth.

sb.to do sth.禁止某人 ( 做 ) 某事

①His parents forbid him wine. 他的父母不准他喝酒。

②I can't forbid again.

我无法禁止你再和那个男人来往。

③Our school forbids students to smoke.

我们学校不允许学生吸烟。

you/your seeing that man

1.I suggested 　　　　 that another building 　　　　 .

A.him ； should be built 　　　　 B.to him ； be built

C.to him ； will be built D.him ； will be built

解析： suggest to sb. that...“ 向某人建议……”， that

从句中用 (should ＋ ) 动词原形。答案： B

2.Could you explain 　　　　？ A.the sentence for us B.for us the sentence

C.the sentence to us D.us the sentence

解析： explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事， explain 不能接双宾语。

答案： C

3.“I don't think it's my 　　　　 that the TV blew up.I just

turned it on ， that's all ，” said the boy.

A.error B.fault

C.mistake D.duty

解析：考查名词辨析。 It's one's fault that...“…… 是某人的过错”。

答案： B

4.The school headmaster 　　　　 during office hours.And

all of the teachers 　　　　 at school.

A.forbids from smoking ； forbid from smoking

B.forbids to smoke ； are forbidden from smoking

C.forbids smoking ； are forbidden to smoke

D.forbids to smoke ； are forbidden smoking解析：句意：这所学校的校长禁止在上班时间吸烟，所有的老师都不得在学校吸烟了。 forbid 用于主动句时后可接动名词作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾补。答案： C

5.The poor man insisted that he 　　　　 not guilty and that

he 　　　　 at once.

A.was ； be set free 　　　　 B.be ； set free

C.was ； was set free D.should be ； set free解析：考查 insist 后的 that 从句中的谓语动词形式，首先判断其含义， insist“坚持说”，后接宾语从句，用陈述语气及相应时态， insist“坚决要求”，后接宾语从句，用虚拟语气。根据句意“他坚持说他没罪，应该立即被释放”可知答案。答案： A

6. 　　　　 and happy ， Tony stood up and accepted the

prize.

A.Surprising 　　　　　　　 B.Surprised

C.Being surprised D.To be surprising

解析：考查形容词作状语。 surprised and happy 在句中作状语，其逻辑主语为 Tony 。答案： B

7.Hearing the news ， Mary left here at once ，　　　　 the

book 　　　　 on the desk.

A.left ， lay open B.leaving ； lie opened

C.leaving ； lying open D.left ； lain open解析：句意：听到这个消息，玛丽马上离开这里，她的书还在书桌上打开着。 leaving 是现在分词作状语，意为“使……处于某种状态”。答案： C

8.Though we work in different cities ， we 　　　　 with

each other since 1998.

A.have touch B.have kept in touch

C.lost touch D.have got in touch

解析： keep in touch 表状态，可和表示一段时间的状语连用。 lose touch 和 get in touch 表动作，是非延续性动词短语。答案： B

9.She is still 　　　　 by the bad news.

A.nervous B.anxious

C.upset D.pleased

解析：由句中 by the bad news知已经知道是坏消息了，所以感到不安。 upset指由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱。 nervous 为事情发展过程中的感觉； anxious 是由于害怕某事会发生而感到焦急； pleased 不合句意。答案： C

1. 　　　　　　　　　开大 ( 音量 )turn up

2. 迫不及待做某事

3. 应该做某事

4. 处理；使用5. 负责，掌握

can't wait to do sth.

be supposed to do sth.

do with

in charge

6. ( 灯 )熄灭go out

7. 不再，再也不

8. . 对……要求严格9. 既然；由于

10. 不睡觉，熬夜

11. 毕竟

not...anymore

be hard on sb

now that

stay up

after all

12. 混淆；搅匀

13. 好像，似乎

14. 坚持，坚持认为

mix up

as though/if

insist on

15. 目前，当前

16. 发疯似地，拼命地

at present

like crazy

1.be supposed to应该……，应当……

(1)be supposed to与否定词连用，意为“不被许可”。

(2)be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”。be supposed to be 　　　　　被认为是……(3)be supposed to have done sth. 意为“理应做过某

事 (但可能没有做 )” ，这里有虚拟的含义。

(4)suppose sb. to be 　　　推测某人是……suppose/supposing(that) 假定 / 假如……It is/was supposed that... 人们认为……

①You're supposed to pay the bill by Friday.

你最晚在星期五结清这笔账。②You're not supposed to play football in the classroom.

在教室里是不准踢足球的。③I much better ， but I was

too careless. 我本该能做得更好的，但我太粗心了。④She was accompanied by a man whom we

her husband.

她由一名男子陪同，我们猜是她丈夫。

was supposed to have done it

supposed to be

[ 温馨提示 ]

I don't suppose that... 我认为……不…… (否定转移 )

I suppose so. 我认为是这样。I suppose not.( ＝ I don't suppose so.)

我认为不是这样。疑问词＋ do you suppose＋陈述句？你认为……？(do you suppose 为插入语 )

⑤—I think their new building is really impressive.

我认为他们的新大楼确实很壮观。

—Well ， .嗯，我想是吧。I suppose so

2.do with 处理，处置；与……相处

①He didn't know what to do with his camel.

他不知如何处置他的骆驼。

②It's difficult for us to do with the newcomer.

我们很难与新来的那个人相处。

do with ， deal with

(1) 用于特殊疑问句时， deal with常与 how连用， do

with常 与 what连用。(2)deal with 还可表示“论述；涉及；与……有生意往来”。 do with 没有这层意思。

[ 自填助记 ]

①The new teacher didn't know what to the students.

那位新老师不知应该如何对待这些学生。②I don't know how to the problem.

我不知道如何处理这个问题。

do with

deal with

3.in charge 负责，掌管

①Who is in charge here ？这里谁负责？

②The nurse in charge explained what the treatment would

be like. 主管护士解释了治疗的情况。

in charge of ， in the charge of ， take charge of

(1)in charge of 意为“管理，负责”，含主动意义。句子主语 是表示人的名词或代词。(2)in/under the charge of ＝ in/under sb.‘s charge 意为“被 …… 管理”，主语一般是物，并含有被动意义。(3)take charge of 有时可代替 be in charge of ，前者更侧重 动作。

[ 自填助记 ]

①The documents are Mr.Liu.

这些文件由刘先生保管。②The doctor this hospital is a professor.

负责管理这家医院的医生是位教授。③When did you the company ？你什么时候接管这家公司？

in charge of

take charge of

in the charge of

4.not...anymore 不再，再也不

①He didn't fight with others anymore.

他再也不跟别人打架了。

②Time lost will not return anymore.

＝ Time lost will return no more. 时光一去不复返。

not...anymore ， not...any longer

(1)not...anymore( ＝ no more) 表示再也不重复过去反复发 生的动作。强调数量或次数上不再增加；常与名词或 非延续性动词连用。(2)not...any longer( ＝ no longer) 表示不能再继续或再现过 去某一时刻发生或存在的动作或状态。 no longer常与延 续性动词连用，通常用在延续性动词前，表示“ ( 过去曾 经 ) 现在不再”。

[ 自填助记 ]

①He wanted money from his parents.

他不想再向父母要钱了。②China is what it used to be.

中国不再是过去的中国了。③He'll no more come here. ＝ He will come here

. 他再也不来这儿了。

no more

no longer

not anymore

5.now that既然；由于 now that 在句中引导原因状语从句，相当于 since ，意为“

既然，由于”， that可省略。 ①Now that you have finished your work ， you'd better

have a rest.既然工作已经做完了，你最好休息一下。 ②Now (that) he is well again ， he can go on with his English

study.既然恢复了健康，他就可以继续学习英语了。

now that ， because ， since ， as ， for

(1)now that 说明已经成为事实的原因，常译为“既然”。(2)because 语气最强，回答的是用 why 提问的问句，表示直 接的或为人所不知的原因。 —Why did you do this ？你为什么这么做？ —Because it is good for you. 因为这对你有好处。

(3)since 与 as 语气较 because弱，表示显而易见或已为人所知 的原因。 since侧重主句， as 主从并重，语气比 since

弱。 Since/Now(that) you have known it ， I won't repeat it.

既然你已经知道了，我就不重复了。(4)for 是并列连词，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，不 一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。 It rained last night ， for the ground is wet.

昨晚下雨了，因为地面是湿的。

6.after all毕竟；终归，到底

①After all ， he is your father. 他毕竟是你的父亲。

②So you've come after all！你到底还是来了！

[ 温馨提示 ]

(1)after all“毕竟，到底”，含有“要知道……，别忘了……”

的

含义，用来说明或提醒对方，此时 after all通常放在句首。

(2) 当 after all放在句末时，含有“虽然……但毕竟……”的含

义，强调结果或最终结论。

above all( ＝ most important of all)

(强调地位上的重要性 )首要的是first of all 　　　　　　首先，第一 (强调顺序 )

at all 根本，全然；果然，究竟in all 总共，共计all in all 总的说来，一切的一切

③ ， let them introduce themselves to

us.

首先，让他们向我们作自我介绍。④ ， he didn't agree with what his son said.

总之，他没同意他儿子所说的话。⑤There were twelve of us for dinner.

我们一共十二个人吃饭。

First of all

All in all

in all

(2008·浙江高考 )Why are you so anxious ？ It isn't your

problem 　　　　 .

A.on purpose B.in all

C.on time D.after all

解析：选 　考查介词短语。根据语境可知本句意为：这毕竟不是你的问题，所以用 after all 意为“毕竟”； on purpose

意为“故意”； in all 意为“总共”； on time 意为“准时”。

D

1.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice ，　　　 they

knew it to be valuable.

A.as if B.now that

C.even though D.so that

解析：考查连词的用法。句意：尽管大家知道他的建议是

有价值的，很多人仍对此置若罔闻。 as if引导方式状语从

句，意思是“似乎”； now that引导原因状语从句，意思

是“既然”； so that引导目的状语从句，意思是“以便”，

都不符合句意。答案： C

2.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the

government knows 　　　　 .

A.what to do with it B.how to deal with

C.what to do with D.how to be dealt with

解析：句意：据说澳大利亚的土地多得让政府不知道如何处理。 knows 后接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语， with

后必须带宾语，不用被动形式。 B项中 deal with 缺少宾语。答案： A

3.I thought I was going to fail the exam ， but I succeeded

　　　　 .

A.after all B.above all

C.in all D.at all

解析：句意：我原以为这次考试会失利，但我最终成功了。 after all终究； above all 最重要的是； in all 合计，总计； at all根本，全然。

答案： A

4.The children were left 　　　　 of a neighbour when they

were on holiday.

A.in charge B.in the charge

C.under charge D.at charge解析： in the charge of sb. 由……掌管，由……负责。

答案： B

5.What do you suppose 　　　　？ A.he is B.is he

C.that he is D.is him

解析：疑问词＋ do you suppose＋其他部分，其他部分用陈述语序，不再加连接词。答案： A

1.I can't wait to surprise the boys！

[ 句式分析 ] can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地想做某事。

[活学巧用 ]

他迫不及待地要到市场去。He 　　　　　 to go to the market.答案： can't wait

2.The room is a mess ， with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty

dishes in the sink.[ 句式分析 ] 　　 with复合结构在句中作状语。

[活学巧用 ]

老人躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。The old man lay on the grass ，　　　　 his eyes 　　 the sky.

答案： with ； looking at

3.This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished

and you...

[ 句式分析 ] 　句中 go 为系动词，意为“保持 ( 某种状态 )” 。[活学巧用 ]

警方担心的是许多罪行发生后无人报案。Police are worried that many crimes

.答案： go unreported

4.Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel ， who has his arms

crossed and looks angry.[ 句式分析 ] have sth. done结构。

[活学巧用 ]

我们每天打扫教室。We have our classroom 　　　　　 every day.

答案： cleaned

5.We feel you should not have done that.

[ 句式分析 ] should have done 意为“本来应该做某事而没做”。其否定形式 should not have done 意为“本来不应该做而实际上做了”。

[活学巧用 ]

你本应该昨天交作文的。You 　　　　　　　　　　　 your composition

yesterday.答案： should have handed in

6.But I don't think you are being fair at all！

[ 句式分析 ] 动词 be 的现在进行时主要用于表示一时的表现或暂时存在的状态。[活学巧用 ]

他显得很傻。He 　　　　　　　　 foolish.

答案： is being

7.Sometimes he acts as though he doesn't even love us at all.

[ 句式分析 ] as though引导方式状语从句。

[活学巧用 ]

他那样看我，好像我疯了一样。He looked at me as though I 　　　　 mad.

答案： were

8.Also ， every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells

me to spend more time studying.

[ 句式分析 ] every time 用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。[活学巧用 ]

每次看到她，我就想起这事。　　　　　　　　　　　， I'll think of it.

答案： Every time I see her

1.The room is a mess ， with pizza boxes on the floor and

dirty

dishes in the sink. 房间里乱七八糟的——比萨饼的包装盒 扔在地板上，脏盘子堆在洗碗池里。 with复合结构，即 with＋宾语＋宾补，在句中作状语或 定语，其常见形式为：

with ＋ n./pron.＋

adj./adv.doing( 主动 )done(完成及被动 )to do( 动作未发生 )prep. 短语

①He is used to sleeping with the window open.

他习惯于开着窗子睡觉。

②Who left the room with the light on ？

谁亮着灯就离开房间了？

③The teacher came into the classroom with a book .

老师手里拿着一本书走进教室。

in his hand

④The girl felt very safe with her

mother .妈妈站在身后，小女孩感到很安全。⑤With all the things she needed bought ， she left the shop

happily.

需要的东西都买了之后，她高高兴兴地离开了商店。⑥With so many books ， I have no time to chat

with you. 有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你聊天。

standing behind her

to read

2.We feel you should not have done that.

我们觉得你真不应该那样做。(1)should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没 有做；而 shouldn't have done则表示过去本不该做某事 而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。 ①You should have written to your mother.

你本应该给你母亲写信。 ②You him about it.

你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。

shouldn't have told

(2)should have done 还能表示“可能、推断”，常译成“应该已 经，可能已经”。 ③They Beijing by now.

他们这时候该抵达北京了。

should have arrived in

其他“情态动词＋ have ＋ done”结构：(1)must have done “ 一定……”，对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。(2)can't/couldn't have done “ 不可能……”，对过去发生的事情的否定推测。(3)needn't have done “本来没必要做……”，过去没有必要做却做了。(4)ought(not) to have done ＝ should(not) have done(5)might/may have done “可能做了……”，过去可能做了某事 (可能性小 ) 。(6)could have done “本来能做……”，过去本可能做而未做。

④He might have gone did not the gas station I am not

sure . 他可能去了加油站，但不确定。

(2009·江苏高考 )He did not regret saying what he did but felt

that he 　　　　 it differently.

A.could express B.would express

C.could have expressed D.must have expressed

解析：选　

考查情态动词的用法。根据句意可知他觉得本来能够用别的

方式表达的 ( 却没有那样做 ) 。显然是对过去的事表示遗憾，

因此应该使用 could have done ，表示本来可以做却未做。

C

3.Sometimes he acts as though he doesn't even love us at all.

有时他表现得好像他根本不爱我们。 as though ＝ as if“ 好像”，引导让步状语从句或表语从句。

as though 所引导的从句中的语气及时态(1) 用陈述语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所陈述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。

(2) 用虚拟语气的情况： 当说话者认为句子所陈述的是不真实的或极少有可能发 生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，形式如下： ① 从句动词在时间上与主句动词同时发生，从句动词用 过去时。 ② 从句动词在时间上比主句动词早发生，从句动词用 had done 。 ③ 从句动词在时间上比主句动词晚发生，从句动词用 would/could/might ＋ do 。

①The clouds are gathering.It looks as if it is going to rain.

乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。②It looks as though the sky .

天看起来好像要塌下来似的。③He acted as though nothing .

他表现得若无其事。④He talks as though he were the owner of the world.

他说起来好像他主宰这个世界似的。

were falling down

had happened

4.Also ， every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or

tells me to spend more time studying.

此外，每次我看影碟他都让我去睡觉或吩咐我在学习 上多用些时间。 本句含有 every time引导的时间状语从句。 every(each)

time/the first time/next time/the last time/by the time

＋ (that) 从句＋主句，表示“每一次 /第一次 /下次 / 最后 一次 / 到……时候……”。

① I hear the song ， I feel happy.

我每次听到那首歌都很愉快。② I saw her ， she was working in the field.

我第一次见到她的时候，她正在地里干活。③By the time he was ten ， he had learned about 2,000

English words. 到他 10岁时，他已经学会了约 2000 个英语单词。

Every time

The first time

[ 温馨提示 ]

(1) 在该句式中， every time ， the first time 等表示时间的名词短语可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。(2)for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。 the first time也表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。④I'll never forget seeing her for the first time.

我永远不会忘记第一次和她见面的情景。

1.(2010·安徽皖南八校联考 )—Oh ， my God ！ I forgot his

phone number.

—What a pity ！ You 　　　　 it down on your

notebook.

A.could have written B.should have written

C.must have written D.would have written解析： should have written 意思是“本应该写”。根据题意可知，答语的意思是：真遗憾！你本应该将它写在本子上的。答案： B

2.The students had the lights 　　　　 for almost three

hours.

A.to burn B.burning

C.burnt D.to be burning解析： “ have＋宾语＋现在分词”结构表示宾补中的动作持续一段时间。

答案： B

3.(2009·平潮模拟 )I'm sorry ， but I didn't see how we can

get

all this work you assigned 　　　　 by next Tuesday.

A.having done B.done

C.being done D.to do解析：句意：很抱歉，我不明白我们如何能把您布置的任务于下周二完成。 you assigned 为定语从句，修饰work 。 work 与 do之间为被动关系，故 B正确。

答案： B

4.(2010· 东北师大附中高三摸底考试 ) 　　　　 Uncle Tom

came ， he would bring us some gifts.

A.For the first time B.Every time that

C.Every time D.The first time that解析： every time可以作连词用，连接时间状语从句，表示“每次”。

答案： C

5. 　　　　 two exams to worry about ， I have to work

really

hard this weekend.

A.With B.Besides

C.As for D.Because of解析：句意：因为担心两场考试，这个周末我得努力学习。 with复合结构表原因。 besides(此外还有…… ) ， as

for(至于 ) ， because of( 因为 ) 这三个介词后均不跟复合宾语。答案： A

6.Why was he worrying about the interview ？　　　　 it

mattered anyway ？ A.Even if B.As if

C.As long as D.In case

解析：句意：为什么他担心这次面试？好像这很重要似的？ as if 意为“好像”，符合句意。

答案： B

[基础经典题 ]

Ⅰ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1.Draw the 　　　　 (curtain)and put the light on.

答案：curtains

2.She 　　　　 (bend)forwards and whispered in my ear.

答案： bent3.They won't accept higher prices without an 　　　　 (argue).

答案： argument

4.The school gives students 　　　　 (free)of choice about

what to wear.答案： freedom

5.I expected an 　　　　 (explain)and an apology.

答案： explanation

6.If you didn‘t get enough sleep ， it’s your own 　　　　(fault).答案： fault

7.He has cheated people and escaped 　　　　 (punish).

答案： punishment8.It was 　　　　 (self)of him to leave all the work to you.

答案： selfish

Ⅱ.选词填空

stay up ； all in all ； as though ； turn up ； like crazy ；

deal with ； after all ； now that

1.He promised to come at seven ， but he has not 　　　　 yet.

答案： turned up

2.I studied a lot yesterday ， and 　　　　 very late.

答案： stayed up

3.We worked 　　　　 to get it done on time.

答案： like crazy

4.Forgive him － he's a child 　　　　 .

答案： after all

5.The book 　　　　 this problem.

答案： deals with

6.You ought to have a good rest 　　　　 you've finished

the work.答案： now that

7.It sounds 　　　　 you had a good time.

答案： as though

8. 　　　　 it had been a great success.

答案： All in all

Ⅲ. 情景交际

1.—I'm dead tired.I can't walk any farther ， Jenny.

— 　　　　， Tommy.You can do it！

A.No problem B.No hurry

C.Come on D.That's OK

解析：句意：“詹妮，我累极了，再也走不动了。”“坚持，

汤姆，你能行。” come on ： tell sb.to hurry or to try

harder坚持，加油。根据句意，后者是在鼓励前者，故选

C 。其他三个选项中， A项意为“没问题”，用于回答别人

的感谢或要求， B项是“别着急”， D项为“好吧 ( ＝ That's

all right)” 。答案： C

2.—Would you like to have dinner with me ？ — 　　　　 .

A.No ， I have other things

B.That would be nice

C.I'd love to but you have no money

D.Thanks for inviting me to dinner

解析：考查如何回应对方的邀请。句意：“和我一起共进晚

餐好吗？”“太棒了。” C选项与问话矛盾， A项不符合西方

人的说话习惯， D项的迷惑性很强，但是其常用于进餐后向

邀请人表达谢意。故选 B 。

答案： B

3.—Would you take this along to the office for me ？ — 　　　　 .

A.With pleasure B.That's right

C.Never mind D.Don't mention it

解析：句意：“你能帮我把它拿到办公室吗？”“乐意效劳。” With pleasure 是同意帮助对方时所做的答语。

答案： A

4.—Perhaps we can sell the old car and buy a new one.

— 　　　　 .

A.Not at all B.It's OK

C.I couldn't agree less D.You'll catch it

解析：考查表达看法的交际用语。“ Not at all.” 用来回答感谢，意为“不用谢，不客气”“没关系”；“ It's OK.” 意为“没关系，没问题，好的”，用以回答道歉或请求；“ I couldn't

agree less.” 表示完全不同意对方的观点或看法等，可译为“我一点也不同意”；“ You‘ll catch it.” 表示“你会挨骂的，你会挨揍的”。由语境可知应选 C 。答案： C

5.—It's been raining for a whole week.I think it'll get fine soon.

— 　　　　 .We are getting into the rainy season now.

A.Yes ， it will B.Of course not

C.It's possible D.It's hard to say

解析：句意：“雨整整下了一星期，我觉得天很快就会晴了。”“难说，现在我们这里进入雨季了。” A 、 B两项是回答一般疑问句，与情景不符； C项是同意前者的观点，与答语中第二句话相矛盾。因此 D项最佳。答案： D

单元语法 介词＋关系代词及关系副词引导的定语从句

Ⅳ.语法专练

1.(2009·全国卷Ⅰ )She brought with her three friends ， none of 　　　　 I had ever met before.

A.them B.who

C.whom D.these

解析：考查定语从句。先行词为 her three friends ，表示人的关系代词在从句中作宾语且位于介词 of之后，故只能用 whom 。答案： C

2.(2009·浙江高考 )I have reached a point in my life 　　　　I

am supposed to make decisions of my own.

A.which B.where

C.how D.why解析：考查定语从句。主句中的先行词是 a point ，把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和

“作用”，此处先行词 a point 在定语从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词 where 来引导，据此选 B项。答案： B

3.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I

could recognize who she was ， she had run back in the

direction 　　　　 she had come.

A.of which B.by which

C.in which D.from which

解析：考查定语从句。利用还原法，把定语从句还原为she had come from the direction... 所以选 from which 。

答案： D

4.I have many friends ，　　　　 some are businessmen.

A.of them B.from which

C.who of D.of whom

解析：考查定语从句。句意：我有很多朋友，其中有几个是商人。

答案： D

5.I haven't got enough money 　　　　 to buy a new car.

A.for which B.with which

C.that D.which

解析： “介词＋ which＋不定式”作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句 with which I can buy... 。

答案： B