1. explain the term “taxonomy” 2. explain the necessity for classifying living things 3....

1. Explain the term “taxonomy”2. Explain the necessity for classifying

living things3. Identify the scientist that developed the

current classification scheme4. Identify the 5 kingdoms5. Describe each kingdom in terms of:

a. Presence of a distinct nucleus (prokaryote or eukaryote)

b. Type of nutrition (heterotroph or autotroph)c. Cellular plan (uni- or multicellular)d. Examples of representative organisms

(identify by name or picture)

6. List the 7 classification categories (KPCOFGS)

(King Philip Came Over From Germany Saturday)

7. Define the term “species”8. Explain what “binomial nomenclature” is,

where it comes from, and how it is written9. Know the scientific name of humans10. Use a dichotomous key to identify

organisms

Kingdom - Animala - Can move around, specialized sense organs, requires organic plant and animal substances for food

Phylum - Chordata - Hollow nerve cord (Subphylum) - Vertebrate - backbone (Superclass)Tetrapoda - Four footed - can live on land.Class - Mammalia - Hair, Mammary glands for nursing youngOrder - Primate - (Monkeys) - Binocular vision (forward eyes) -

opposable thumbs Family - Hominidae - (Great apes) - Complex social behaviors,

larger body, skeletal modifications for semi-upright posture, 32 teeth

(SubFamily) - Homininae (hominines) - Gorilla, Chimp, Human

(Tribe) - Hominini or hominins - canine tooth, which looksmore like an incisor. Toe bone improved for moving bipedally.

Genus - Homo "man" - Larger brainSpecies - Homo Sapien "wise" - Language, more sophisticated

tools, prominent chin, sparse body hair

Prokaryote: cells with no nucleusEukaryote: cells with a true nucleusHeterotroph: can not make their own

foodAutotroph: can make their own foodMotile: has locomotionNon-motile: can not move around

KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLES

MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs

ProkaryoticUnicellular

e.Colioscillatoria

MONERA

KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLES

MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs

ProkaryoticUnicellular

e.Colioscillatoria

PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile

EukaryoticMostly unicellular

Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra

PROTISTA

KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLES

MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs

ProkaryoticUnicellular

e.Colioscillatoria

PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile

EukaryoticMostly unicellular

Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra

FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers

EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms

FUNGI

KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLES

MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs

ProkaryoticUnicellular

e.Colioscillatoria

PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile

EukaryoticMostly unicellular

Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra

FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers

EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms

PLANTAEBryophytes: lack true roots, leaves, stemsTracheophytes: have true roots

Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, non-motile

Moss, ferns, pine trees

PLANT KINGDOM

KINGDOMMAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

EXAMPLES

MONERABacteria: heterotrophsBlue-green algae: autotrophs

ProkaryoticUnicellular

e.Colioscillatoria

PROTISTAProtozoa (animal like)Heterotrophs +motileAlgae (plant like)Autotrophs + non-motile

EukaryoticMostly unicellular

Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra

FUNGIHeterotrophs (absorb food, non-green)Parasites or decomposers

EukaryoticMostly multicellular Yeast, mold, mushrooms

PLANTAEBryophytes: lack true roots, leaves, stemsTracheophytes: have true roots

Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, non-motile

Moss, ferns, pine trees

ANIMALIAPHYLUM:

•Coelenterata•Annelida•Arthropoda

•Chordata

Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, motile

•2 cell layers, hollow•segmented worm•exoskeleton, jointed appendages•dorsal nerve cord

•jelly fish•earthworm•grasshopper, lobster

•human, frog

ANIMAL KINGDOM

Characteristic MONERA PROTISTA FUNGI PLANTAE ANIMALIA

Cell Type

Body Form

Cell Wall Compositio

n

Mode of Nutrition

Nervous System

Locomotion

Examples

prokaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic eukaryotic

Mostly unicellular; some colonial

Mostly unicellular; some simple multicellular

Mostly multicellular

MulticellularMulticellular; organs and organ systems

Photosynthesis chemosynthesisAbsorption

Photosynthesis IngestionAbsorption

Absorption Photosynthesis Ingestion

Absent AbsentAbsent Absent Present

Bacteria blue-green algae

Protozoa (paramecium, ameba, euglena) algae (spirogyra)

Molds, yeasts, mushrooms, rusts, smuts

Bryopphytes (lacking true roots, stems, leaves)Tracheophytes (have true roots, stems, leaves

Coelenterata (hydra)Annelida(earthworm)Arthropoda(grasshopper)Chordata(human)

polysaccharides amino acids

cellulose no cell wallchitincomposition varies

Present in some

Absent Absent PresentPresent in some

MONOCOTS DICOTS

seed leaves

leaf venation

stems

flowers

parallel

netlike

one cotyledon two cotyledon

bundles scattered bundles in rings

pedals in 3’s

pedals in 4’s or 5’s