1 energy flow in an ecosystem. 2 energy flow energy in an ecosystem originally comes from the sun...

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Energy Flow in an

Ecosystem

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Energy FlowEnergy FlowEnergyEnergy in an ecosystem in an ecosystem originally originally comes from the suncomes from the sunEnergy flows through Energy flows through Ecosystems from Ecosystems from producers to producers to consumersconsumers

ProducersProducers (make food) (make food)ConsumersConsumers (use food by eating (use food by eating producers or other consumers)producers or other consumers)

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ProducersProducers•SunlightSunlight is the is the main source of main source of energy for energy for mostmost life on earth.life on earth.

•ProducersProducers contain contain chlorophyllchlorophyll & can & can use energy use energy directly from the directly from the sunsun

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AutotrophsAutotrophsAn Autotroph is any An Autotroph is any organism that organism that can produce can produce its own foodits own food supply! supply!Autotrophs are also called Autotrophs are also called ProducersProducersPlants, algae, some Plants, algae, some protists, & some bacteria protists, & some bacteria are examplesare examples

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Niche of a Niche of a ProducerProducer

Captures energyCaptures energy and transforms and transforms it into it into organic, stored energyorganic, stored energy for the use of living organisms.for the use of living organisms.May be May be photoautotrophsphotoautotrophs using using light energy (e.g. light energy (e.g. plantsplants))May be May be chemoautotrophschemoautotrophs using using chemical energy (e.g. chemical energy (e.g. chemosynthetic bacteria in chemosynthetic bacteria in deep ocean ventsdeep ocean vents))

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PhotoautotrophPhotoautotrophProducer That Captures Energy Producer That Captures Energy

from the sun by:from the sun by:PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

Adds Adds OxygenOxygen to the to the atmosphereatmosphereRemoves Removes Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide from the Atmospherefrom the Atmosphere

Algae, Cyanobacteria some Algae, Cyanobacteria some protozoan and all plantsprotozoan and all plants

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On LandOn LandPlantsPlants

In The WaterIn The WaterAlgae, aquatic plants, Algae, aquatic plants, protozoan and protozoan and cyanobacteriacyanobacteria

Habitat of Habitat of PhotoautotrophsPhotoautotrophs

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ChemoautotrophsChemoautotrophsCapture energy from the Capture energy from the bonds of inorganic bonds of inorganic molecules such as molecules such as Hydrogen SulfideHydrogen Sulfide

Process is called Process is called ChemosynthesisChemosynthesis

Often occurs in deep sea Often occurs in deep sea vents or gut of animalsvents or gut of animals

Called a Black Called a Black smoker (thermal smoker (thermal

vent)vent)

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Tube Worms living in Tube Worms living in Black SmokerBlack Smoker

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ConsumersConsumersHeterotrophs eat other Heterotrophs eat other

organisms to obtain organisms to obtain energy. (e.g. energy. (e.g. animalsanimals))HerbivoresHerbivores

Eat Only PlantsEat Only PlantsCarnivoresCarnivores

Eat Only Other Eat Only Other AnimalsAnimals

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ConsumersConsumersHeterotrophs eat other organisms to Heterotrophs eat other organisms to

obtain energy.obtain energy.

OmnivoresOmnivores (Humans) (Humans)

Eat Plants & AnimalsEat Plants & Animals

Detritivores (Scavengers)Detritivores (Scavengers)

Feed On Dead Plant & Animal Feed On Dead Plant & Animal Remains (buzzards)Remains (buzzards)

DecomposersDecomposers

Fungi & BacteriaFungi & Bacteria

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Feeding Feeding RelationshipsRelationshipsEnergy flows Energy flows

through an through an ecosystem in ecosystem in oneone direction direction

from from producers toproducers to various various levels of levels of consumersconsumers

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Feeding Feeding RelationshipsRelationshipsFood ChainFood Chain

Simple Energy path Simple Energy path through an ecosystemthrough an ecosystem

Food WebFood WebMore realistic path More realistic path through an ecosystem through an ecosystem made of many food chainsmade of many food chains

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Food ChainFood Chain

ProducerProducer ((trapped sunlight & trapped sunlight & stored food)stored food)

11stst order order ConsumeConsumerr

22ndnd Order Order ConsumConsumerer

33rdrd Order Order consumconsumerer

44thth Order Order ConsumConsumerer

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Name the Producer, Name the Producer, Consumers & Consumers &

Decomposers in this Decomposers in this food chain:food chain:

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Food WebFood Web

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Trophic LevelsTrophic LevelsEach Level In A Food Chain or Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Web is a Food Web is a Trophic LevelTrophic Level..

ProducersProducersAlways The First Trophic Always The First Trophic LevelLevelHow Energy Enters The How Energy Enters The SystemSystem

HerbivoresHerbivoresSecond Trophic LevelSecond Trophic Level

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Trophic LevelsTrophic LevelsCarnivores/OmnivoresCarnivores/Omnivores

Make Up The Remaining Make Up The Remaining Trophic LevelsTrophic Levels

Each level depends on Each level depends on the one below it for the one below it for

energy.energy.copyright cmassengale

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Ecological Ecological PyramidsPyramids

Graphic Representations Of Graphic Representations Of The Relative Amounts of The Relative Amounts of Energy or Matter At Each Energy or Matter At Each

Trophic LevelTrophic LevelMay be:May be:

Energy PyramidEnergy PyramidBiomass PyramidBiomass Pyramid

Pyramid of NumbersPyramid of Numbers

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Energy PyramidEnergy Pyramid

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Biomass PyramidBiomass Pyramid

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Pyramid of Pyramid of NumbersNumbers

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