energy flow through an ecosystem - plainview · energy flow through an ecosystem food chains, food...
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Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem
Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy
Pyramids
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•Energy for life begins
with the SUN
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• Green plants use raw materials and light
from the sun to make glucose.
• ENERGY is stored in the molecules of
glucose.
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PRODUCERS
can make glucose during
photosynthesis
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Producers keep and use most
of the energy they make for
themselves.
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Producers use cellular
respiration to supply the
energy for their life functions.
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The energy that is not used by
producers can be passed on to
organisms that cannot make
their own energy.
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CONSUMERS: Organisms that
cannot make their own energy.
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Consumers that eat producers to
get energy:
• Are called first order or
primary consumers
• Are herbivores (plant-eaters)
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Most of the energy the primary
consumer gets from the
producer is used by the
consumer.
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Some of the energy moves
into the atmosphere as heat.
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Energy (in the primary
consumer) that is not lost to
the atmosphere or used by
the consumer itself can be
passed on.
This energy is available for
another consumer.
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• Is called a secondary
or second order
consumer
• May be a carnivore or
a omnivore
• May be a predator
• May be a scavenger
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Most of the energy the
secondary consumer gets
(from the primary consumer) is
used by the secondary
consumer.
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Some of the energy is lost
as heat, but some energy
is stored and can passed
on to the next consumer.
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A consumer that eats a consumer
that already ate a consumer:• Is called a third order
or tertiary consumer
• May be a carnivore or
a omnivore
• May be a predator
• May be a scavenger
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Consumers that eat producers &
other consumers
• Are called
omnivores
• Omnivores
eat plants and
animals
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• Consumers that hunt & kill other
consumers are called predators.
The animals that are hunted &
killed are called prey.
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Consumers that eat other
consumers that have already
died are called scavengers.
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FOOD CHAIN
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The transfer of energy from sun to
producer to primary consumer to
secondary consumer to tertiary
consumer can be shown in a
FOOD CHAIN.
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Another way of showing the
transfer of energy in an
ecosystem is the
ENERGY PYRAMID.
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Energy pyramids show
• That the amount of available energy decreases down the food chain
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Energy pyramids show
• It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers
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• It takes a large number of primary consumersto support a small number of secondary consumers
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Energy Pyramid
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Food Webs:• Are interconnected
food chains
• They show the
feeding
relationships in an
ecosystem.
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Food Web
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Food Web
• Why is a food web a better way of
describing the path of food in an
ecosystem?
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• Organisms that are able to
break down large molecules
into smaller parts
• Decomposers return the
nutrients that are in a living
thing to the soil
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Decomposers