urbanization romanticism william wordsworth ludwig von beethoven realism charles dickens leo...

Daily Life in the Late 1800’s

Chapter 22Section 3

Key Terms

Urbanization Romanticism William Wordsworth Ludwig von Beethoven Realism Charles Dickens Leo Tolstoy Henrick Ibsen Impressionism

The Industrial City

Raw material were sent to factories

New products manufactured in factories

Products distributed to buyers

Cities needed› Factories› Large work force› Reliable transportation

network› Stores, offices,

warehouses

The Industrial City

Lowell , Massachusetts one of the first to have all

Growth by textile mill Employed young

women from countryside and new Europeans

Meatpacking in Chicago Population grew from

300,000 in 1850 to 1.7 million by 1900

The Industrial City

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for steel

Lively and fast paced› Streetcars, horse

drawn carriages› Merchants› New construction

Population density affected health› Smoky air from coal› Smog kills in 1873

and 1879

Migration to the Cities

1800’s people kept arriving to avoid› Hunger› Political oppression› discrimination

1870 – 1900 12 million people immigrated

1890 42% of New Yorkers were foreign born

Migration to Cities

Most lived a miserable life on arrival

Jacob Riss describe New York’s apartments and tenements

The Livable City Cities modernized

their water and sewer systems

Plumbing allowed families clean drinking water, toilets and bathtubs

Electricity- vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, electric stoves

The Livable City

Living space became scarce1883 William Le Baron built the first skyscraper in Chicago› 10 stories tall› 4 years later the high

speed elevator was invented

1863 London opened the first subway

The Livable City

1860’s Napoleon III created parks

People in Paris had a place for healthy recreation

Frederick Olmstead designed parks for the United States

The Suburbs

People moved out to new areas called suburbs

Less crowded, cleaner, quieter

Public transportation helped them grow

1800’s streetcars and ferries linked cities to suburbs

Later were bus and railroad lines

Education and Information

Increased industrialization increased the need for education

Factories needed managers, engineers

Armed forces grew needed leaders who knew about the world

Education and Information

People became involved with Politics

1870 governments passed laws to educate children

Most countries only required elementary education

Some governments funded high schools

Education and Information

Lower class kids only stayed in school as required by law

Many quit to go to work Vocational and

technical schools gave working class more opportunities

1881 Booker T. Washington founded a school to train African Americans to be teachers

Education and Information

Girls in lower classes lagged behind

Most girls did not go beyond elementary

Few girls in high school took science and math

Women’s colleges started to open

Education and Information

Starting printing newspapers

Stories published in weekly segments kept readers coming back

Pick a newspaper that agreed with your view

Reporting of foreign affairs by telegraph

Made up to date coverage available

Leisure Time

Soccer, Football, baseball became popular

Railroads could transport sports fans

Working class families could take the train for a vacation

Seaside resorts became popular

Leisure Time

1800’s governments built concert halls and theatres

Public funding made tickets affordable

Museums opened- Louvre in Paris

Change in the Arts

1800’s Romanticism-emphasis on intuition and feeling

Reaction to enlightenment rationalism and early abuses of Industrial Revolution

Major characteristics› Love of nature› Affection for past› Importance of

imagination

Change in the Arts

William Wordsworth-expressed romantic spirit through poetry

Ludwig van Beethoven- celebrated human freedom in his work

Mid 1800’s realism› Revealed details of

everyday life› No matter how

unpleasant

Change in the Arts

Charles Dickens wrote Hard Times about the struggle of England’s poor › Pollution› Exploitation› Miseries of

industrialization Leo Tolstoy- wrote

War and Peace showed war as horrible and chaotic

Change in the Arts

Henrik Iibsen- A Doll’s House about unfair treatment of women within families

1860 Impressionism New way of looking at

the world Impression of the

scene using light, vivid color, and motion, rather than realistic details