atoms tend to undergo chemical reactions that decrease their stability false

Chapter 2 Review

True or False?

Atoms tend to undergo chemical reactions that decrease their stability

FALSE

True or False

Mass # = # of protons + # of electrons

FALSE

True or False

Oxidation occurs when a reactant loses electrons

TRUE

True or False

The products of an endergonic reaction posses less energy than the reactants

FALSE

What are the charged particles that move around an atom’s nucleus?

Electrons

This type of bond results when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Covalent

What do we call the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction?

Activation energy

Chemical reaction that can proceed forward and backward

Reversible

One water molecule will bond to another water molecule by what type of bond?

Hydrogen

What is the fundamental unit of matter?

Atom

How many electrons can the energy level closest to the nucleus hold?

2

What types of bonds are broken when salt dissolves in water?

Ionic

A basic solution has a excess of what type of ions?

Hydroxide

True or False?

Catabolism is an example of an endothermic reaction

FALSE

Isotopes contain the same number of protons, but a different number of which other subatomic particle?

Neutrons

True or False

Activation energy is the amount of energy available to do work

FALSE

If pH is increasing from 2 to 6, which ion is increasing in concentration?

Hydroxide

Draw a Bohr diagram and a dot diagram for the following elements› Carbon› Nitrogen

Be able to draw these for various elements!

Free hydrogen ions react with a water molecule to form what type of ion?

Hydronium

What ultimately determines how elements bond to form compounds?

Number and arrangement of electrons in energy levels

What do we call a substance able to neutralize small amounts of acids and bases?

Buffer

Substance dissolved in a solution

Solute

Amount of solute / fixed amount of solvent = ?

Concentration

A pH is increasing from 4 to 9› Which ion is increasing?› How many times more of this ion is present

at pH of 9?

Hydroxide 105 or 100,000