american society and its values chapter 2. essential questions why do people form groups? how do...
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Essential QuestionsWhy do people form groups?
How do groups support both conflict and cooperation?
What role should government play in deciding how much freedom individuals should have?
Is government truly necessary, or are we capable of existence without government?
Groups and Institutions• Socialization - the process of learning how to
participate in a group• Accepting group Values• Learning groups Rules
• Rules - specific expectations about what our behavior should be
Groups Common Examples of
Groups: Friends Clubs Organizations
Why do people form groups?
What happens when group rules are broken? Give an example.
Institutions• Social Institutions
-systems of values and rules that determine how our society is organized• Specific kinds of
groups that we rely on to meet our most important needs and services
• The 5 Basic Social Institutions1. Family2. Religion3. Education4. Economy5. Government
Family• Society’s most basic
institution
• Designed to meet physical and emotional needs• Food, clothing, shelter,
sense of belonging
• Teaches basic values of society and rules of behavior
Religion• Organization guided by a moral code and
spiritual orientation
• Provides community and belonging
• Provides guidance and support
• What are the major world religions?
How do we balance religion with other
freedoms?• Not all religions share the same values
and rules
• Conflict arises when one religious group tries to impose its values on the rest of society• Example - Teaching of Evolution
Education Designed to give
individuals the skills necessary to succeed
Teaches the rules necessary to fit into society Does it help you get a
better understanding of yourself and who you are/want to be?
Through education, America ensures its society will remain free and democratic.
Educational Time for Job Areas
Teacher (Min. 7+ more years) K-12 education, plus 4-5
year college, plus additional teaching certificates
Lawyer (8-10 more years) K-12 education, plus 4
year college, plus 3-4 year law school.
Doctor (14-19 more years) K-12 education, plus 4
year college, plus 4 year medical school, plus 3-8 year residency.
Architect (8-10 more years) K-12 education, plus 4-5
year college, plus 2-3 year internship
Economic Terms• Economy: a system for producing and
distributing goods and services to fulfill people’s wants
• Consumer: a person who uses, or consumes, goods and services to satisfy his or her wants
• Market: a venue for the exchange of goods or services
• Price: the amount you must pay for a good or service in a market
• Money: anything accepted as payment
Economic Freedoms in America
• Freedom to Buy and Sell goods and services• EX:
• Freedom to Compete against sellers• EX:
• Freedom to Own/Sell Property• EX:
• Freedom to Choose an Occupation• EX:
• Freedom to Make a Profit• EX:
Government• Keeping the Peace = law
• Protecting the Country = defense
• Providing Necessary Services = schools and roads
• Maintaining Other Institutions = protection of freedoms, provides services to those in need
Forms of Government• Monarchy: all or
most of the power is in the hands of one individual• Authority is
hereditary (Saudi Arabia)
Forms of Government• Dictatorship:
government controlled by one person• Power is usually
taken by force when an existing government is weak or failing
• (Hitler’s Germany)
Forms of Government• Democracy:
system in which all people share the power• Voting and
Representation
Law: Rules of Government• The Constitution• The basis for American Law• Outlines what the Government can and cannot do. • Lists the rights guaranteed to states and to
citizens
• Laws are designed to be permanent, but they are not absolute
• The law is constantly changing…How?
Politics• Patriotism: the
demonstration of love and devotion to one’s country
• What does this mean?
• Examples of Patriotism?