american art collaborative linked open data presentation to "the networked curator"
TRANSCRIPT
American Art Collaborative Linked Open Data Initiative
Eleanor E. [email protected]
americanartcollaborative.org/
Say Goodbye to
Static & Siloed
Data and Images
American Art Collaborative: Perspectives and Considerations 15 January 2015
CreateEffectively manage anduse your data
ExtendShare data seamlessly among partners
EnrichIntegrate with broader
humanities and societal data
•“Next-Gen” data structure standard
Card Catalog to Linked Data
cardcatalog
• LCSH• Dewey Decimal
Collections
RDb
RDb
• MARC, CIMI• RDA, Z39.50
XML
• Schemas (e.g., LIDO, Dublin Core, EAD)
RDF
• Ontologies (e.g., CIDOC, BIBFRAME)
Organization
Structure, math
Independence
Expressiveness
Smithsonian Institution Chief, Office of Research Support
Curator, Peter A. Juley and Son Collection;6 national art research databases: paintings, sculpture, images, catalogs, etc. = 500,000 Records
Quest for Standards….
What Standards ?Whose Standards?
ProjectInstitutional
NationalGlobal
?
J. Paul Getty TrustFounder, Getty Vocabulary ProgramDirector, Getty Information Institute
Built Getty Vocabularies, Object ID, CDWA, NINCH, Digital Libraries, First Digital Gateway Across L.A.…..BHA, Provenance Index, Census of Antique Art and Architecture Known to the Renaissance, etc.
Virtual DatabaseDomain collaboration and universal access to
images and art information……..
Linked Open Data
helps Museums and Art Institutions:CollaborateImprove Access to Art Information Connect data across platforms, institutions, and domainsGain more visibilityReach new audiences
What is Linked Open Data?
•It’s not a portal or an aggregate data base•It’s distributed like the World Wide Web•It’s a format used to code data that when linked allows you to search across the sea of data on the Web using that format•Institutions take responsibility for their own knowledge management and sharing strategies•Other institutions can add knowledge about your objects
more precisely………
Linked Open Data
•A method of publishing structured data so that it can be interconnected and become more useful.•Uses a mark up language called RDF. When combined with a domain ontology the relationship between subject, predicate, and object can be tagged explicitly. •As a result when you are searching using LOD you don’t get the “noise” or unrelated information you get with online searching.
Linked Open Data
<subject> <predicate> <object> using W3C standards (RDF)
+Add Semantic glue
A domain Ontology like the CIDOC CRM
Precise links
A Google search for “winslow homer theft” retrieves documents that users must read to extract relevant information
information
There are 149 billion triplesAnd growing
Benefits of using Linked Open Data
•Data about a particular artist can be connected across all museums and repositories using Linked Open Data. Thus millions of people searching by artist will discover who has what and where. It will increase museum and research center visibility.
•It will open up a window for discovering more relationships among the works of art because it will connect to hundreds of related works.
Benefits of using Linked Open Data
•By connecting concepts such as events, dates, people, and places across all domains, it will open a window to potentially finding new information about a work of art. Thus it is a boost to research leading to new discoveries.
•It’s a collaborative platform that can be used by curators to organize exhibitions, by scholars to engage in joint research or prepare publications, by museums to deepen audience engagement (e.g. the public can be invited to participate and help fill in information working like Wikipedia.)
Benefits of using Linked Open Data
•Being able to connect the dots across different institutions can lead to easier curriculum development for distance learning (connecting museum works to information in a local archive, or to the Natural History Museum, etc.). It will increase collaboration.
LOD cloud containing interlinked resources from a wide variety of sources relevant to locating stolen or looted cultural
property
Linked Open Data is already making headway in the commercial, communications, and publishing worlds.
The New York Times, US Government, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and many others are implementing Linked Open Data.
In Europe the EU is building bridges across its libraries, archives, and museums using Linked Open Data (Europeana).
AAC
Consortium of US museums who have come together to learn about and implement LODwithin their respective museums. AAC is developing its LOD under a federated model whereby each AAC member assumes responsibility for updating and maintaining its own data.
The American Art Collaborative Partners
Amon Carter Museum of American Art, Archives of American Art, Autry National Center of the American West, Colby College Museum of Art, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Dallas Museum of Art, Thomas Gilcrease Institute of American History and Art, Indianapolis Museum of Art, National Museum of Wildlife Art, National Portrait Gallery, Princeton University Art Museum, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Walters Museum of Art, and Yale Center for British Art
Grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and a Leadership Grant from
the Institute of Museum and Library Services
Road Map
• Convert data to LOD using the CIDOC CRM
• Link to the Getty Vocabularies as well as contribute missing names to enhance the vocabularies
• Implement an API and reader compliant with the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) that will allow researchers to compare and contrast AAC LOD
• Develop several open source tools including a link curation tool and IIIF/CRM translator
• Develop browse demonstration• Open access• Publish best practices and lessons
learned
Rationale
•Learn together as a collaborative•Build a critical mass to explore and demo value of LOD•As primary holders of art objects and data AAC members want to make sure LOD is accurate•More precise results when searching(Semantic Web)•Build richer contexts for inquiry by integrating data from different sources
•Interest in access across the partnership as well as linking to other LOD nodes: providing more knowledge than any single institution•Cross domain searching as a window to the world of knowledge•Greater visibility; more outreach•Collaborative platform potential (curator to curator)
Work licensed under a Creative Commons license is Governed by applicable copyright law
E.G.
•Freeing content globally without restriction CC0•Only with Attribution CCBY•Attribution and non commercial CCBYNC
Creative Commons license
CIDOC CRM ontology
Expressive and event driven
82 classes and 263 properties including relationshipsEvents (e.g., creation, production, attribute assignment), Immaterial things (e.g., information objects, appellations, rights)Material things(e.g., actors, physical things, man-made objects)
• Until recently most museums recorded people, places, and dates as static data items.
• Now the trend is toward describing these categories as a series of events.
• Moving from description of objects to describing events (CIDOC CRM) relationships.
• Historical perspective. Linked History
How has documentation changed?
Linked Data is here to stay•“Next-Gen” data
structure standard
cardcatalog
• LCSH• Dewey Decimal
Collections
RDb
RDb
• MARC, CIMI• RDA, Z39.50
XML
• Schemas (e.g., LIDO, Dublin Core, EAD)
RDF
• Ontologies (e.g., CIDOC, BIBFRAME)
Organization
Structure, math
Independence
Expressiveness
Slide by Design for Context
American Art Collaborative: Perspectives and Considerations 15 January 2015
CreateEffectively manage anduse your data
ExtendShare data seamlessly among partners
EnrichIntegrate with broader
humanities and societal data
Tear Down Data SilosProvide Open Access
American Art Collaborative LOD
