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©2016 Science Pilot, LLC

AMAZING STAAR PREP MATERIALS for Grades 5 and 8

CAST Session November 11, 2016

Room 217B 8:30AM

Science Pilot, LLC Jeana Reagan Laura Wilson

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5th Grade

Content Maps

Activity

Assessment Questions

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TEKS 5.9B

Student Map

ENERGY ENERGY ENERGY

All living things need energy to survive. The original energy provided by the Sun moves through the ecosystem by photosynthesis, food chains, and food

webs.

_______________ - absorb energy from the Sun and make their own food through photosynthesis. (plants)

_______________ - must consume (eat) other organisms to get energy. (animals)

____________________ - break down dead organisms to get energy, and put nutrients back into the soil. (bacteria, fungi)

Food Chains - show feeding relationships and transfer of energy from one organism to the next.

Food Webs - show multiple, intersecting food chains.

Phytoplankton

Krill

Fish

Baleen whale Bird

Penguin

Leopard seal

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TEKS 5.9B

Teacher Map

Producer:

The base or

beginning of the

food chain.

Primary Consumer:

Herbivores that eat

the producers.

Secondary

Consumer:

Carnivores or

omnivores that eat

primary consumers.

Tertiary

Consumer:

Carnivores that eat

secondary

consumers.

ENERGY ENERGY ENERGY

All living things need energy to survive. The original energy provided by the Sun moves through the ecosystem by photosynthesis, food chains, and food

webs.

Producers - absorb energy from the Sun and make their own food through photosynthesis. (plants)

Consumers - must consume (eat) other organisms to get energy. (animals)

Decomposers - break down dead organisms to get energy, and put nutrients back into the soil. (bacteria, fungi)

Food Chains - show feeding relationships and transfer of energy from one organism to the next.

Food Webs - show multiple, intersecting food chains.

Phytoplankton

Krill

Fish

Baleen whale Bird

Penguin

Leopard seal

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Name _________________________________ Food Web

Cut out the 8 pictures provided, and correctly place them in the Food Web. Once all are

positioned, glue in place. (Hint: Place the producer in the bottom rectangle of the Food Web.)

PRODUCER

PICTURE

PICTURE

PICTURE

PICTURE

PICTURE

PICTURE

PICTURE

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Cut out and use the pictures below to complete the Food Web.

Bird Mountain Lion Deer

Snake Grass Rabbit

Owl Grasshopper

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Name _________________________________________ Date _______________________________

TEKS 5.9B describe how the flow of energy derived from the Sun, used by producers to create their own food, is transferred through a food chain and food web to consumers and decomposers.

1. The food web shown below would be one of several established in a prairie ecosystem. Which consumer will receive the most energy from the producers?

A. The mouse

B. The bird

C. The fox

D. The snake

Insect

Hawk Snake

Fox

Rabbit

Toad

Spider

Mouse

Bird

Plants (grass, seeds, bushes)

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3. The following organisms are found in a pond. Which shows a valid food chain in the pond ecosystem?

A. Largemouth bass aquatic plants mosquito larva minnow

B. Aquatic plants largemouth bass mosquito larva minnow

C. Minnow mosquito larva largemouth bass aquatic plants

D. Aquatic plants mosquito larva minnow largemouth bass

4. Jenny wrote four statements explaining how energy flows from one organism to another in a food chain.

I. Plants provide energy for primary consumers.

II. Producers convert energy from the sun through photosynthesis.

III. Decomposers acquire energy by consuming dead plants and animals.

IV. Herbivores obtain energy by eating only animals.

Which statement does not correctly describe the flow of energy in a food chain?

F. Statement I

G. Statement II

H. Statement III

J. Statement IV

Mosquito larva Minnow

Aquatic plants

Largemouth bass

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8. The following information boxes identify the food sources for several marine animals found in the ocean.

Salmon Seal Squid Shrimp Killer Whale Food: Insects Squid Shrimp

Food: Squid Crustaceans Salmon

Food: Small fish Crabs Shrimp

Food: Small fish Algae Plankton

Food: Seals Turtles Squid

Which is not a reasonable food chain for these marine animals?

F. Seal squid shrimp

G. Shrimp squid seals

H. Shrimp squid killer whale

J. Salmon seal killer whale

9. Three food chains from a forest ecosystem are shown below.

Food chain 1 Plants Deer Mountain lion

Food chain 2 Rodent Ringtail raccoon

Coyote

Food chain 3 Nuts Squirrel Bobcat

What role do the mountain lion, coyote, and bobcat play?

A. Prey

B. Consumers

C. Decomposers

D. Producers

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10. The food web shows organisms found in a back yard. What is a reasonable characteristic for the missing organism in the food web?

F. It is a producer.

G. It is a predator.

H. It is a consumer.

J. It is a decomposer.

Bird

Spider

Lizard Ant

Rabbit

Aphids

?

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8th Grade

Content Maps

Activity

Assessment Questions

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When comparing forces, consider the critical comparison components:

Mass –

Force –

Acceleration –

Calculations:

Calculation of FORCE If the mass of an object is 3 kg, and the acceleration of the object is 4 m/s2, what is the force?

F = ma

Force = mass • acceleration

Calculation of ACCELERATION If the force applied to an object is 12 N, and the mass of the object is 3 kg, what is the acceleration?

F = ma


Calculation of MASS If the force applied to an object is 12 N, and the acceleration of the object is 4 m/s2, what is the object’s mass?

F = ma


How do unbalanced forces affect an object’s motion?

TEKS 8.6A

Student Map

2 N 5 N

Unbalanced forces –

2 N 2 N

Balanced forces –

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When comparing forces, consider the critical comparison components:

Mass – the amount of matter in an object; usually measured in kilograms (kg)

Force – a push or pull; usually measured in Newtons (N)

Acceleration – a change of the velocity (speed, direction, or both) of an object; usually measured in meters per second squared (m/s2)

Calculations:

The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the force(s) applied to it.

The formula for calculating force is F = ma. (Force = mass • acceleration)

If you know two of the three variables in the equation, you can determine the unknown quantity mathematically.

Calculation of FORCE If the mass of an object is 3 kg, and the acceleration of the object is 4 m/s2, what is the force?

F = ma


F = (3 kg)(4 m/s²)

F = 12 N

Calculation of ACCELERATION If the force applied to an object is 12 N, and the mass of the object is 3 kg, what is the acceleration?

F = ma


Force ÷ mass = acceleration

12 N ÷ 3 kg = acceleration

4 m/s² = acceleration

Calculation of MASS If the force applied to an object is 12 N, and the acceleration of the object is 4 m/s2, what is the object’s mass?

F = ma


Force ÷ acceleration = mass

12 N ÷ 4 m/s² = mass

3 kg = mass

How do unbalanced forces affect an object’s motion?

TEKS 8.6A

Teacher Map

2 N 5 N

Unbalanced forces – forces of unequal strength pushing or pulling in different directions. The object’s motion changes in the direction of the stronger force.

2 N 2 N

Balanced forces – forces of equal strength pushing or pulling in opposite directions. The object’s motion is constant and does not change speed or direction.

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Name ___________________________________ Forces on Objects

Cut apart all cards. Calculate the solution to each problem and glue or tape the cards around the edge of the mat based on the answers. Answer the Challenge Problem in the center of the mat to complete the project. Use a formula chart if needed.

Glue Glue Glue Glue

A child applied 4 N of force to a toy with a mass of 2 kg. How much did the toy accelerate?

A cart accelerated 6 m/s2 when a force of 12 N was applied to it. What is the mass of the cart?

A heavy ball containing 4 kg of mass accelerated 5 m/s2. How much force was applied to the ball?

A child’s bike has a mass of 5 kg. If the bike accelerates 3 m/s2, how much force was applied to the bicycle?

Glue Glue Glue Glue

A student applied 15 N of force to an object with a mass of 5 kg. How much acceleration occurred?

If a student desk has a mass of 5 kg and was accelerated 2 m/s2, how much force was required to move the desk?

A box accelerated 6 m/s2 after a force of 30 N was applied to the box. What is the mass of the box?

A bottle of water has a mass of 1 kg. If a force of 4 N is applied to lift the bottle, what is the acceleration of the bottle of water?

Glue Glue

A metal stapler with a mass of 0.5 kg was accelerated 10 m/s2. How much force was applied to the stapler?

When a man used 20 N of force to lift a lawn tool, the tool accelerated 2 m/s2. What was the mass of the lawn tool?

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Challenge Problem

F = ma


Force ÷ mass = acceleration

Force ÷ acceleration = mass

Peter and Mark are moving a new television into their

college dorm room using a dolly. The illustration shows the

mass of the television and the forces being applied to move

and steady the box. Calculate the acceleration of the

television in meters per second squared. Record your

answer in the grid. Be sure to use the correct place value.

2 kg

5 N 3 m/s²

2 m

/s²

1

0 N

1

5 N

1

0 kg

5 kg 20 N 4 m/s²

40 kg

30 N 50 N

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Name _______________________________ Date _______________________________

TEKS 8.6A demonstrate and calculate how unbalanced forces change the speed or direction of an object’s motion.

1. Andy helped his father clean out the garage. He used a wagon to move objects to the yard for a yard sale. If Andy used the same amount of force to pull the objects in the wagon over the same surface, which of the objects shown below would have the greatest amount of acceleration?

A C

Garden hose m = 2.3 kg

Chain saw m = 5 kg

B D

Weed eater m = 4.5 kg

Lawn chair m = 3.6 kg

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2. When a soccer ball with a mass of 0.43 kg is kicked by a player, the ball can accelerate 25 m/s2 off the player’s foot. If resisting forces are ignored, such as friction and air resistance, how many Newtons of force did the player use when kicking the ball? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles. Be sure to use the correct place value.

3. A marble rolls along a track and eventually drops into a shallow cup. If friction and air resistance are not considered, when does the ball experience balanced forces during the route? A Locations 1, 6, and 8

B Locations 2, 5, and 7

C Locations 3, 4, and 6

D Locations 1, 4, and 8

marble

loop

cup

1

5

3

8

7

6

2

4

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4. When a skydiver first jumps out of an airplane, the speed of descent increases during the freefall stage of the dive. Once the parachute is deployed, air resistance on the increased surface area of the parachute causes the diver’s descent to slow. Eventually, the skydiver will reach terminal velocity and continue to fall toward the ground at a constant rate. This provides the necessary conditions to land safely on the ground. At which point during the dive does the skydiver experience balanced forces? F Jumping from the airplane

G During the freefall

H First deploying the parachute

J Reaching terminal velocity

5. A toddler uses 3 N of force to lift a 1.5 kg wooden block off the floor. What is the acceleration of the wooden block? A 2 m/s2

B 4.5 m/s2

C −1.5 m/s2

D 1.5 m/s2

Freefall Terminal velocity

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8. In an experiment, students measured the amount of force applied to different objects and the amount of acceleration resulting from the applied force. The students recorded their data in the table below. The teacher then asked the students to calculate the mass of each object used in the experiment.

Object Force Applied

(N) Acceleration

(m/s2) Mass of Object

(kg)

X 7 2 ?

Y 8.5 5 ?

Z 3 0.5 ?

Which table identifies the correct mass for each object used in the experiment?

Object Mass of Object

(kg) Object

Mass of Object (kg)

F X 9.0 H X 5.0

Y 9.0 Y 3.5

Z 3.5 Z 2.5

Object Mass of Object

(kg) Object

Mass of Object (kg)

G X 14.0 J X 3.5

Y 42.5 Y 1.7

Z 1.5 Z 6.0

9. A classroom table has a mass of 24 kg. Pulling with a force of 36 N, a student moves the table to the other side of the classroom. How much did the table accelerate? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles. Be sure to use the correct place value.

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