along the harbour - temple · along the harbour - prince street bridge to cumberland basin starting...
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Along the Harbour -Prince Street to Cumberland Basin
Along the Harbour - Prince Street Bridge toCumberland Basin
Starting on the south (Wapping Road)side of Prince Street swing Bridge,travel westwards in front of L and MSheds, the home of the new Museumof Bristol (due to open in 2011).
Be wary of the sunken railway lines if you are cycling –they are very slippery in the wet and it is advised thatcyclists walk this stretch.
1 This is Princes Wharf. Before the wharf was built up inthe 1860s, it had long been a shipbuilding area, andit’s here that IK Brunel had his first ship, the GreatWestern built in 1837. The Great Western was one ofthe earliest steamships to cross the Atlantic. Later, thewharf was built up and a 7-storey granary erected onthe site. Everything here was destroyed during the Blitzon Bristol and the wharf was remodelled in the early1950s with new electric cranes, railways, flushroadways and transit sheds to handle general mixedcargo on ships from the Baltic and southern Ireland.
It was the last wharf to operate commercially when theHarbour closed in 1975. The transit sheds then becamethe home of Bristol Industrial Museum and now thenew Museum of Bristol in M-Shed. The Museumservice looks after the cranes and three historicvessels (the tugs Mayflower and John King and the fireboat Pyronaut) and operates a steam railway.
2 Further along Princes Wharf, you’ll see the Fairbairnsteam crane, finished in 1878. It was built to handleoccasional heavy lifts up to 35 tons. It is a ScheduledAncient Monument, but it still works and isdemonstrated by the Museum on some weekends.
(Just by the steam crane on the left is a cycle path thatwill link you to the New Cut at 36.)
As you approach the brick buildingahead, pedestrians can go to the right,onto the quay edge. Cyclists andwheelchair users must go to the left,into the roadway. TAKE GREAT CAREAT THIS POINT – CARS ANDTRAINS CONVERGE HERE AND THERAILS ARE PROUD OF THE ROADSURFACE.
3 The steam crane marks the start of Wapping RailwayWharf. From the 1870s, this was open quayside withrailway sidings where The Point residentialdevelopment now stands. Brunel’s Buttery has acitywide reputation for its bacon sandwiches!
4 At the end of Wapping Wharf is the Bristol Packet, fromwhere you can take a tour of the Harbour or, when thetide is right, have a trip down the Avon Gorge.
5 Beyond is Brunel’s s.s.Great Britain, the world’s firstiron passenger liner. This great ship was launched fromhere in 1843 and travelled the world’s oceans, beforereturning to Bristol as a hulk in 1970. By extraordinarychance, she now lies in her original building dock, andboth this and the ship have been restored to create aunique visitor experience.
At the s.s. Great Britain, turn leftonto Gas Ferry Road and travel 100metres.
6 On the left are the former main offices and studios ofAardman Animations, the Bristol-based company thathas produced the Wallace and Gromit series of filmsand the Oscar-winning Chicken Run. It was built in the1980s as a banana-ripening warehouse for Fyffe’s.Aardman’s later purpose-built offices and studios,completed in 2008, are further along the road on the left.
Just past the red brick warehouse onyour right, there is a pathway thatleads to the head of the Albion drydock.7 The dry dock on your right and the industrial buildings
around you are the last remains of a shipyard thatthrived on this site from 1820 until 1977. When theyclosed, Charles Hill & Sons were the oldest shipbuildingcompany in the UK, having been established in 1772.The Albion Dockyard extended across the whole ofwhat is now Bristol Marina. Boatbuilding and repair stillcontinues here on a smaller scale.
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At the far end of the Yard, turn left tothe road. Turn right here and proceedtowards the swing bridge. Turn right atthe Nova Scotia pub.10 The water to your left here is Jessop’s original junction
lock into the Harbour from Cumberland Basin. It wasblocked after the new Junction Lock was built in thelate 1860s. The row of cottages on the far side wasbuilt for its employees by the Dock Company in the1830s and now houses a number of maritime organisations.
Retrace your steps to the bridge andcross the road carefully to a rampleading down to the quayside atCumberland Basin. Continue along theedge of the water towards the flyover.(Note: some people will find it impossible to cross thelocks at the far end of Cumberland Basin, although ac-cess up to them is good. Instead, cross the Harbourhere on Junction Lock Bridge and continue to thePumphouse at 17).
11 Cumberland Basin was one of the most expensiveelements of the Harbour to build. It was designed as ahalf-tidal basin, enabling more ships to arrive andleave safely for some hours either side of high tidethan could have been managed by locks alone.
12 As you approach the flyover, you’ll notice a blockedbranch to the left; this was the way in to the southernentrance lock, one of Jessop’s two originals and laterenlarged by IK Brunel. Under the flyover is anotherpiece of ‘Bruneliana’, a wrought-iron swing bridge thatoriginally crossed Brunel’s lock. It uses tubularconstruction that Brunel later adopted for his majorrailway bridges at Chepstow and Saltash.
13 The flyover is part of a major road scheme built in themid-1960s. It crosses the Harbour on the PlimsollBridge, named for Samuel Plimsoll, the shipping safetycampaigner who was born in Bristol. The bridge canopen and close in three minutes to allow shipping topass.
Beyond the building on the corner, turnright and head towards the gatedentrance to the Albion Dockyard. Youcan make a diversion here to lookaround but this is a working area, and,whilst you are unlikely to be preventedfrom wandering amongst the craftunder repair on dry land, you mustexercise due care.Continue to the left around the top ofthe Marina basin and to the right downthe slipway, veering to the left ontothe waterside walkway.8 This area is Baltic Wharf, once the home of several
timber yards where ships from the Baltic, Canada andRussia came to offload cargoes. The quayside wasnever built up, so that dockers had to run on plankslaid across barges between ship and shore carryinglong lengths of wood. The pub called the Cottage at theend of this stretch was once the office for one of thetimber firms.
Continue straight ahead past theCottage towards the Underfall Yard.This is another working area, and youshould exercise due care. (Note: if access through the Yard is closed for workingoperations, you can skirt around it by leaving throughthe green gate on the left onto Cumberland Road andfollowing Avon Crescent. You can also access the NewCut at 40 by carefully crossing Cumberland Road here).
9 The Underfall Yard is named after the sluices (‘underfalls’)that control the level of water in the Harbour. This iswhere the tidal river Avon was originally dammed (theOverfall dam, a form of weir) to create the FloatingHarbour in 1809, and remains the operational centre formaintenance and operation of all the lock gates, bridgesand leisure activities today. JB Girdlestone, DocksEngineer, mostly installed the facilities that you can seetoday in the 1880s and the Yard is now a ScheduledAncient Monument. Part of the Yard is operated by a Trustto encourage traditional boat-building and –repair skills.The haul-out slipway is in regular use to maintainvessels. There are interpretive panels to tell you moreabout the Yard.
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Cross the lock gates on the walkwaywith care. Cyclists will need to wheeltheir bicycles. On the far side turnright and pass under the PlimsollBridge. There is a mark on the controlcabin to record the highest ever tide –over 40 feet (12.4 metres). Continuedown the side of the Basin to JunctionLock swing bridge and carefully crossthe road towards the Pumphouse pub.
Continue under the flyover onto thepromontory alongside the lock. Takeparticular care here on the unfencedquaysides with very long drops and deepwater. It is recommended that cyclistsdismount to explore this area. Start onthe left of the promontory, near thefixed wrought iron bridge.14 From the fixed bridge (a copy of Brunel’s swing bridge,
which was originally positioned here) you will havegood view of the remains of the southern entrancelock. This was the smaller of the two built by Jessop in1809, and much enlarged in 1845 by IK Brunel. It hadone large gate at each end, hinged on the left anddesigned to swing back into the curved recess that isusually visible. The right-hand side of the lock has aledge that was intended to allow clearance for thepaddle wheel on one side of the largest steamers atthe time, saving the cost of making the entire lock tothis width. You also get a good view of the CliftonSuspension Bridge from here.
(You can join the walk along the NewCut at 43 from here by continuingdown the left side of Brunel’s lock andheading to the left.)15 To the right of this lock are the remains of Jessop’s
northern entrance lock. It was here that the s.s. GreatBritain nearly came to grief as she left Bristol in 1844.At low tide you can see in the mud the gridiron, whereships could be dried out as the tide receded for minorrepair or inspection work on their hulls.
16 The current entrance lock was opened in 1873,replacing the earlier two. It can accommodate thelargest ships that can navigate the Avon. The lockgates were operated by the hydraulic system from theUnderfall Yard, but by 2010 this will have beenreplaced. From here it is six miles by water to themouth of the River Avon where it joins the Severnestuary. The tidal range there can be as much as 52feet (16 metres), and even here at the lock the riverrises as much as 37 feet (11.6 metres), covering thewhole promontory on some spring tides.
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