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Defense Ribbon Is AuthorizedSUI: Recently several men from thewest coast have reported to our comlnanll wea ring new National DefenscService Ribbons. They say the awardhas been authorized, but can't lluote anyspecific directives.Is the ribbon regulation? I f so, whatis the directive which authorizes i t ? -P. W.O., YN2, USl'. I t certainly is. Th e National Defense Service Ribbon teas authorized bySecNIlI;; No/.ice 1650 of 5 May 1966.As you probably know, the awardtellS prer;;iously authoriz.ed for men tehose rr;;ed honorably bGtween 26 JlIn 1950lind 28 Jill 1954. Last Janullry. Execll

tir;;e Order No. 11265, lImending Execlltir;;e Order No. 10448 furth er al1Twllllcedeligibility for those 1/ ;/10 se rr;;e honorablyaf ter 31 Dec 1960 and a terminal dateto be announced.

There are several exceptions. Gellerally speaking, eligibility ma y IlOt be eamed by wry short periods of lIctir;;e selr;;-ice . Guard alld Re serr;;e forces OIl shorttOllrs .of ac tir;e duty to fulfill trainingun de r an inactir;;e duty training program are not allthorized to wear themedal as a reslllt of such duty. Th esame holds trlle for people on temporaryactir;;e duty to serr;e al l board"., court s,commissions alld slIch, or those on lI e/.ir;; edllty for th e sole purpose of un dergoingII physical examilwtion.Nar;ymen ((;;/10 are eligible may bllYthe ril)/J on ami teear i t -or may wea/' abronze star in lie I of th e second award,((;; hen appropriate.

The National Def enl'e Se niice Mee/al,hOIl;er;;er, is not yet awilahlc for distriblltioll. Wh en 1lI1 adequate sUJiply isprocured, information 1/;ill be publishedregarding method of issue.-En .Advancement as ReservistSill: I am due to be released fromadive dllty in ~ I a r l ' h 1967, at whiciotiJl1e I intend to enter the Naval Reserve. This August I took thc l'xamination for second class.

I f I all1 authorized for adVanCellll'lIt ,and acccpt, I understand it is necessary to obligate for onc year's serviccbeyond the date of promotion. I f I (10not choose to do so, ",ollid I acceptthc advancement as a Heservist? - v.R. B., YN3, USN.

Ye s. But you could IIOt assumethe higher rllte until you ' Icere sepIJl'lltedif your IJdr;;anCemellt came before yourEAOS.

For //len on active duty, ae/vallcemellt is authorized ollly when th cre is30

T h i ~ section is open to unofficia.l com-munications from within the naval serv-ice on matters of general interest. How-ever , it is not intended to conflict inany way with Navy Regulations regard ing the forwarding of official mail throughchannels, nor j" it to substitute for thepolicy of obtaining information from localcommands in al l possible instances . 00 notsend postage or return envelopes. Signfull name and address . Address letterto Editor , ALL HANDS . Room 1809. Bureau of Naval Personnel . Navy Dept. ,Washington. D.C . 20370.

at least one year's obligated servicebeyond th e effectir;;e date of advallcemellt. If the date is before your serara/.io II you will remain a P03 until afterbeillg releascd from active duty, th cnapply for the higher pay grade, as aHcserr;;ist, ullder the provisions of BuPe rs Ill st. 1430.1E.

If th e effective datc of advallce mentis later than your EAOS, you applyfor advallcemellt under th e terms ofthe same directir;;e an d assume the ne wpay gTllde Oi l the date allthorized byBupe rs. By t.hen, of course, you are aB ese rr;;ist . - ED.Origin of Quartermaster Rating

Sm: I'm seeking a definition for thetitle Quartelmaster as it is used in thc~ a v y .As you know, this title in the Armylllore or less implies the true meaningof the word - one in charge of quarte rs , berthing, messing, supply, and soforth. In the Navy, however, it refersto those persons concerned with navigation an d shiphalldling arts.

Undoubtedly the naval term stemsfrom the days of wooden ships and ironmen when, perhaps, the navigation officer wore several hats. \Vhat's yourdefinition of quartermaster?-J. R.,Y:\C , USNR.

In the early days, whcn ships w ereAppointment for Warrant

SIR: I havc been selected for warrant oIficer with an ~ p p o i n b 1 1 e n t dateof 1 Fe b 1967. :Vly prescllt enlistment will expire on 20 \ Iarch . WillI be allowed to reenlist three l1lonthscarly,? The reenlistment bOllus andl'ash for ulIllsed leave would come inIHlndy.-F. V. P., AOC, USN. Your concern is Imderstaluillble,bu t 110. Since your .e lliistme nt expiresafter your dllte of promotion to WO-1, you ma y no t be discharged earlyfor the purpose of reenlistmcnt.

Chcck the "BuPers Manllal,"Article C-U03 .-ED .

considered to bc m erely platforms fromwhich soldiers fought, seagoing qtwrternw5ters actually were soldiers l IS-signed as "masters" of the "quarters"on ships caT-njillg troops. These menperformed th e same quartermasterduties aboard ship as th ey did withtroops ashore.

Later, it became the custom to har;;cthese masters of thc ql.Ulrters renwinon board after th e troops were disembarked. Since there were no soldiersrequirillg their serr;;ices, the lluartermw,ters were assiglled other shipboarddllties. Eve ntually, they became part ofthe ship's crew.

By Farragut's time thc lIuartermasterwas tceU on his wa y tOlvard becomingtvllllt hc i s today: th e sec:retary, assistant, an d general right-hand man ofth e watch officer an d the nllvigator ine r;; ertjthing pcrtainillg to Illwigation.

Thesc comments 011 th e ewlt/tion ofthe qUlIrtermaster are based upon theNar;;y Traillillg Course for Quartermaster 3 & 2 (NaoPers 10149-B, page1 ). Perhaps some ALL HANDS readers[cill inform us of vther sources. - ED.Wa s Your Ship There? Many WereSill: On the morning of 29 Jan 1945an amphibious landing off the coast ofZambales in the Philippine Islandsproved to be one of the more pleasantsurprises of the liberation of Luzon.

At that time, Task Group 78.3 wasto land 30,000 troops to protect theflank of the Sb:th Army on its marchfrom Lingayen Gulf to l\-!anila.'While reconnoitering the bench nearthe little towns of San Antonio andSan ;\'arciso, th e advance force wasmet by local guerrilla forces in bancaboats. Th c guerrillas were shouting"liberty," proclaiming that the enemyforces had been cleaned ou t and thecoast was in friendly hands. The landing was then accomplished rapidlywithout a shot being fired, hasteningthe liberation.

My question is, do you know whichships took part in that amphibiousoperation? Th e most infonned sourceI have found is Morison's History ofU.S. Naval Operatiolls in WCJ1ld WarII, but even this source provides onlyan incomplete listing of TG 78.3 andits supporting units.

The occasion which prompts thisinquiry is the presentation of a plaqueto the towns of San Antonio an d SanNarciso, to commemorate the longhistory of Filipino-American cooperation. The U.S. Naval Communication

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Station at San Miguel, which lies between these towns, still enjoys thefriendliness and cooperation demonstrated that morning in 1945.-F. M. R.,CAPT, US N We consulted the Naval HistoryDit;ision on your question, Captain,and they provided us with an extractfrom the CTG 78.3 "Report of Amphibious Landings in Zambales Prot.'ince, Luzon, P.I." dated 4 Mar 1945.The narrative describes the missio11 ofthe landings as follows:To land the assault forces of the XICorps Headquarters, composed Of the38th I nfantry Division and the 34thReT of the 24th Infantry Division, together with their supplies and equipment, in the Zambales area and supportthe landing by close gunfire and airsupport, in order to block hostile retirement into Bataan Peninsula."An additional mission was to openand occupy Subic Bay.Other readers might be interested inthe names of the participating sh ips.Recognize any of them? Here goes:The combat vessels included: ussCharles J. Badger (DD 657), Isherwood(DD 520), Luce (DD 522), Picking(DD 685), Sproston (DD 577), Wickes(DD 578) and Young (DD 580).

The amphibious warfare ships included uss Mt McKinley (AGe 7);Alcyone (AKA 7), Algol (AKA 54),Alshain (AKA 55), Aquarius (AKA 16),Arneb (AKA 56), Auriga (AKA 98),Capricornus (AKA 57), Chara (AKA 58),Mercury (AK 20); Alpine (APA 92),Appling (APA 58), Baxter (APA 94),Cavalier (APA 37), Custer (APA 40),Du Page (APA 41), Elmore (APA 42),Harris (APA 2), Haskell (APA 117),Lamar (APA 47), Pierce (APA 50),Sarasota (APA 204), Sheridan (APA 51);Cofer (APD 62), Kephart (APD 61),Lloyd (APD 63), Newman (APD 59),Rathbume (APD 25). A number oflanding craft were included in the contingent. Among them were: LCls 225,226, 337, 338, 340, 341, 688, 985, 986,987; LCSs 7, 8, 26, 27, 48, 49; LSMs63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 268, 269; LSTs .453, 463, 552, 553, 555, 558, 565, 569,573, 583, 592, 606, 609, 612, 623,631,636, 658, 662, 669, 679, 680, 693, 703,707, 714, 734, 735, 736, 737, 740, 745,746 775, 908, 910, 922, 924, 990, 999,1006, 1014, 1024, 1025 and the t;ehiclecargo ship, then referred to as landingship, vehicle Monitor (LSV 5).Among the mine warfare ships were:uss Pursuit (AM 108), Requisite (AM109), Sage (ALVI 111), Salute (AM 294),Saunter (AM 295), Scout (AM 296),Scrimmage (AM 297), Scuffle (AM 298),Sentry (AM 299), Triwnph (AM 323);the minelayer Monadnock (e M 9); andthe motor minesweepers YMS 6, 8, 9,50, 53, 68, 158, 219, 243, 286, 314,334, 336, 342, 353, 360, 363, 398, and408.The patrol ships included the escortships uss Day (DE 225), Eugene E.NOVEMBER 1966

YARD OILER Casinghead steams out to refuel ships in Yokosuka, Japan.ELmore (DE 689), George A. Johnson(DE 583), Leslie L. B. Knox (DE 580),McNulty (DE 581), Metivier (DE582), and Riley (DE 579); the submarine chasers SC 521, 667, 995, 1327;PC 1119, 1122 and 1133; and the frigate vVarrego.Auxiliary ships included the transports uss Golden City (AP 169), LaSalle (AP 102), President Polk (AP 103)and Winged Arrow (AP 170); the salwg e ship Grasp (ARS 24) and the oceantugs Hidatsa (ATF 102) and Rail (ATO139).In additi01l, two XAKs (Liberty ships)participated, but their tUlmes were 1I0tgit;en in the re-port.It is interesting to note that ltUlnyof the ships mentioned are still inactive seTt;ice. Others hat;e gone theway of all meta/.-Eo.ON STATION-USS Rariger (CVA 61)is replenished by Sea Knight copters.

Good Conduct Medal for WavesSm: Three-year enlistments, underwhich many women enter the Navy, donot allow sufficient time in service forWaves to qualify for the Good ConductMedal.I feel that if one must fulfill thesame basic requirements in a threeyear enlistment as others do in a fouryear enlistment that one should be eligible for the same rewards for goodservice.Has any change or reversion to threeyear eligibility been considered of late?- S. J. W ., YN3 (\V), USN . There is no plan at present torevert to the three-year service requiTe'ment which was changed to four yearsin 1963.Policy advisors inform us that thechange tcas made only after considerable study and review. It's their opinionthat the four-year requireme1lt for eligibility 1TUlkes the Gooa ConductMedal a more meaningful award whichis coveted by sailors and Waves alike.-ED .

Tawasa CounterclaimSIR: uss Tawasa (ATF 92) makes noclaim to a record, but cannot let theclaim of the precommissioning unit ofFlasher (SSN 613) go unchallenged.(August issue, p. 34. )The results of Tawasa's February1966 advancement exams indicate that82.4 per cimt of our men taking theexam passed, and that 100 per cent ofthose passing were rated. Of those whotook the special May examination (forE-4), 100 per cent passed, and 83.8per cent were authorized for advancement. - J. W Millard, ' L T, USN . Double congratulations to you.

First for your outstanding adt;ancementresults, and then for your discretion innot claiming a record. - ED.3J

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DRAGGING DRAGONS-Twenty-five crewmembers of USS Dixie dig in with paddles during Dragon Boat races.

Here They Are: All-Navy Dragon Boat ChampsSm: I recently read tlmt a 25-mancrew from uss Dixie (AD 14) rowed tovictory in tlle annual Dragon BoatFestival races on the River of Love inKaohsiung, Taiwan. The article went onto say it was the second time a Navycrew had entered the race. The first

was a crew from Headquarters SupportActivity Ddachment Five.The'time has come to set the recordstraight. Although I won't claim a first,I will say that uss Caliente (AO 53)entered a team and won tlle race inJune 1958.Here's what happened. The captain

of our ship, while making a courtesycall on local port officials, heard aboutt11e annual races. Since Caliente was tobe in port for t11ree weeks as stationship, he thought it would be a goodidea for the U. S. Navy to be represented. The word from local officials wasthat no Americans had ever competedin the race before.I was, unforhmately, assigned thecollateral duty of ship's at111etic officerat the time, so t11e captain called meli p to his cabin and broke t11e good news

~ b o u t our ship e n t ~ r i n g a crew in aDragon Boat Race.

I thought at first llie captain hadbeen in the sun too long. When I triedrecruiting a team from t11e ship's company, the consensus was that I, too, wassuffering from sunstroke. All my effortsto collect 25 men failed.At last, the captain dropped a hintthat special liberty might be arrangedfor volunteers. Also, i f restricted menwould join the team (and the teamwon), it was very probable t11at all restrictions would be canceled. We hada dragon team!After only two practice sessions, thebig day arrived. Willi the captain's

PAST PERFORMANCE-Navymen of Detachment Five, HQ, Support Activity, Kaohsiung, await awards in 1965.

32

TROPHY TIME-Member of Detachment Five rowing team accepts winners' trophy from Mayor of Kaohsiung.

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promise of liberty ringing in their ears,they were off. Ou r crew was an unusually husky lot so nobody was muchsurprised when we came in abou t fourboat lengths ahead of our closest com-petitor.

Th e winning crew went on libertyan d the ship got a beautiful flag fromthe race officials which, for all I know, isstill hanging in the ship's mess deck.

COMSERVPAC even went so far as tomake up a special rating badge for"Dragon Boat Crewmen."Please don't misunderstand me. Iheartily congratulate HSA DetachmentFive and Dixie on their respective vic-tories. However, I want them an d th eworld to know that old Caliente wasthere ahead of them.-B. A. Buscher,LCDR, SC, USN. Thanks for your very interestingletter, sir. We think you can now consieler tJw r ..ct-"i (.:,;.h". ;VEf m ightsay, at tlLis. pOint, that Dixie sent usan account of this year's events atKaohsiung which did NOT include theclflim that she was the secorul U. S.Navy victor in the history of DragonBoat -racing.For those who are not up a ll dragons,here's some more information to roundout the story.In September 1965, AL L Hfu'lDS carried the news that Detachment Five ofthe Headquarters Support actidty atKaohsiung had won the Dragon BoatRace. The team really didn't expect itto tu m out that way. They had olllyfour short practices during which theylearned that a dragon is not easilymoved.Although Detachment Five's practiceperformances were unimpressive andone of their competitors was a CityHall team (everbody knows you can'tbeat City Hall ), the Nauy team playedthe role of Dragon Boat Racers to thehilt. For the occasion, they donned bluecoolie hats decorated with gold spanglesami stenciled Seadragon (in Chinesecharacters) across the back of th e rshirts.Detachment Five was apparently assurprised as anybody whell they notvn1 !J ' n' n ~ ~ pacefor the first tunt' . but u[,,'o wtln In theircategory.

The Dixie team il l this year's racealso had a mere four days in which tocondition and train. Lieutenant (ig)Laws acted as coach, Lieutenant F. P.Dillon as cuxswain and H. J. Anderson,MMFN, as cadence counter. The Dixiemen who paddled their own canoe wereR. Williams, BT2; B. Moore, MM2;C. F. Moseley, MRFN; R. B. Ginsburg,DM3; D. R. Perry, SN; B. L. Seaton,TiH2; C. L. Jones, FN; J. J. Milkovich,SFP3; P. H. Friedrich, GMT3; R. N.Carlson, YN1; C. E. Wetzel, BT3; M.M. Leal, SN; C. E. Pollock, SFP3;M. B. McCool, EN3; W. D. McGarity,TMSN; F. N. McKee, IC3; A. C. Franklin, FN; I. J. Decamp, SK2; W. E.Hartman, TMSN; A. J. Ferreira, DC3;NOVEMBER J966

DIXIE DELIGHT-Coach LTJG Law receives Dragon Boat trophy for USS Dixie.J. W. Faunce, GMT3; J. E. Greenburg,MA2; and H. J. Anderson, MMFN .

The Dixie tcam, taking their cue fromlast year's winners, also dressed for theoccasion. They wore tasseled beaniestied firmly to their heads and red rowing shirts with Dixie Dragons boldlylettered (in English) across the back.The accompanying photos will give you(In idea of what a dragon boat race islike . Obviollsly, a good time was hadII!! ali.-ED.Return to ServiceSOl: Sevcral years ago I was a Navysignalman first class. I was discharged,spent some time as a civilian, thcn re-t\lrned to the Navy. Because Sr-.I was

not then on the "open rates" list, I tooka cu t in pa y grade and was reenlisted asan 5M2.Since then-six months later, to bepredsc-S;"I was added to the "openrates" list an d Resen' e signalmen wereallowed to return to the service aftcrthree months had elapsed and still re-tain their pay grade.Can I he reinstated as an S\ I l ? -R. H .n . , S \"1 2, US N . Sorry, BuPers II1SI. 1430.7D is thefinal word in this c(lse . The directivestipulates that broken service reenlisteesmust hold (/ rate and rating which isCllrrently-repeat, currentlY-Oil theopen rat es list or 111 us/ accept a lowergrade.-ED.

YEAH TEAM-The Dixie Dragons team poses fo r photo after rowing to a first.

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR (Cont.)

--

LINE ON SUBS-Advanced rigid-rotor XH-51 A copter demonstrates ability.Halsey and NimitzSrn: I am keenly iuerested in navalhistory. So far, I have been unable tolocate a publication dealing with thelife stories of Fleet Admirals \VilliamF. Halsey and Chester W. Nimitz. Doyou know of any?'--H. H. PN3, USN. We know of a couple of booksconceming Fleet Admiral Halsey thatm ght interest you. One is an autobi-ography called "Admiral Halsey'sStory." The other is by L. A. Keating,entitled "Fleet Admiral: The Story ofW. F. Halsey."

If your ship's library doesn't ha1,;eeither of these, the libran} officer canprobably get them for you.Unfortunatel!!, we know of no biog-raphy of Fleet Admiral Nimitz. How-ever, there are numerous magazinelrticles a ~ } o u t his life which !lOll shouldhave little trOt/ble locating in yournearest puv/ic or ship's libmry. Lookthrough the "R eaders' Guide of Period-ical Literature."While tce're on the suh;ect of ad-

mirals and the'ir biographies, we wouldlike to bring to your attention a new34

book published by the Division ofNaval History . It's entitled "AdmiralRaymond A. Spruance, USN - AStudy in Command," and the author isVice Admiral E. P. Furrestel, USN( Ret).

As you probably know, AD M SPlIl-alice's crushillg victo'ry over the Japa-nese fleet at 'M i(itcay was aile of them05t decisive hattles in all history, alldthe turning poillt of the war in thePacific.The hook may be purchased fromthe Superintendent of Documents,W ( ~ ~ h i n g t o n , D. C. 20420 for $2.75-ED.Wings for CorpsmenSrn: I am a hospital corpsman inHight status. The combination hascaused a few problems.During the past two years I haveHown 18 search and rescue missions, accumulating 126 hours in the air. Icompleted the local training syllab\ls forrescue aircrewman, and was designatedsuch (8285) by my command.

I am, in other words, a qualified aircrewman . Nevertheless, I find I cannot

be assigned the NEC of 828.5 as it is notin the 8400 series (hospital corpsman).Is this really so? I f yes, why?I f I can't be assigned the NEC of8285, may I continue to wear aircrewman wings after I am transferred toanother command? - H. M. F., HM2,USN Yes, it really is so. You may nothold NE C 8285. Assignment of theAircrewman NE C is not made to H"A-fsbecause it serves nu purpose in theirdistribution.

The NEC limitation, however, doesnot make you less an aircrewman. Youearned your wings; you ma y wear themboth at your present command and afterYOtI are transferred. Once earned, theprivilege of wearing the wings ma ybe reooked only for cause.-ED.More Than Meets the EyeSIR: I read your article in the Julyissue of ALL HANDS called "Some LikeThem Old." Inasmuch as I am a ModelT enthusiast myself, I particularly enjoyed your account of S\V1 Fowler'sl'v{odel A roadster pickup and ChiefIrish's Model T.Th e Model T was produced between1908 (not 1906 as your article stated)and 1927. More than 15 million weresold during this period.

It is estimated that 100,000 ModelTs are still in existence and 40,000 arestill in operation.I have driven my completely restored1913 Model T touring car all overCalifornia and I plan to make a crosscountry trip in it next year.As you said, the antique car field is

not exactly cost-free. Although myModel T cost only $750 when it wasnew, I have spent four times thatamount getting it back into shape.I am not sure whether Petty OfficerFowler will be happy or sad to knowhis Model A isn't as rare as he thinksit is. I know of five 1930 Model Aroadster pickups like his in t . ~ e LongBeach area alone.-Lawrence E. Smith,ENFN( SS), USN. Thanks for yo m letter and the in-tere5ting details it presented.A few more - In checking an en-cyclopedia on the sllbiect of early autos,

we discovered that Henry Ford pro-duced eight models before he reachedthe T. These were models A, B, C, F, K,N, Rand S.

None of these cars were too populartcith the buying public, and we re-ceived tlU! impression that this wasdlle to their comparatively high cost(for those days, of course).

Our good friend at the SmithsonianInstitution tells us that this is no t en-tirely tTl/e. Other factors entered intothe picture which affected the popular-ity of the cars, although he wasn't toospecific as to just what those factorswere. Most of the earlier models costless than $1000, which was a lot ofmoney and still is. Th e model B cost in

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the neighborhood of $2000, and the K,$2800. The others ranged from $600 to$1000. The model T was in this range.The Model A which preceded the Tmay be a surprise even to antique carbuffs. The early series of Model A wasbuilt in 1903. It did not, of course, bpcome famous, as did the later A. It dmcome in two styles, however,-a runabout which sold for $850, and a tonneau which cost $950.. As might be expected, the predecessors of the Model T are all rare i temsnot even the Smithsonian has one.There is, however, at least one privatecollector who has a complete collectionup to, and including, the Model T. Weshudder to think of the cost.-Eo.Ribbon PrecedenceSm: I was appalled by the glaringdiscrepancy on the front cover of theJuly issue. The first class machinist'smate is depicted wearing a Good Conduct Ribbon between two otherribbons.

FIRST TIME OUT-USS Tripoli (LPH 10) steams in Gulf of Mexico during trials.

Obviously the MMI is out of uniform. The Good Conduct Ribbonshould be worn in the seninr positionwith the campaign bars to the wearer'sleft. - R. C. P., TNl, USN. ''''ho says they were campaignbars?''''e asked our artist who drew thecover. He said the ribbon to the rightof the Good Conduct Award wasthe Silver Star. That and mort? than20 other military decorations, wlitawards and non-milUar!! deco rationstake precedence owr the Cood Condllct,\fedaZ.-Eo.Engine Room, Boiler Room.

SIR: In your J\\ly issue you had a veryinteresting article entitled "Navy Ratings: Kc y to a Career". One question,

however, concerning the picture onpage 12. Since when do boilermenstand watch at engine room throttleboards where machinist's mates are supposed to be?-R. D. N., EM3, USN.

SIR: I am a BT .rith over five yearsin the Navy. I've been on five differentships, and I've yet to see a ship that hasthe throttle board in the fireroom orboiler room.-R. O. F., BT2, USN.SIR: An item in your July issue is incorrect. In the ratings section, underthe heading Boilerman, you show a manat the throttle station in the engineroom. In an extreme emergency, a BTmight have to man that station, bu tnot normally.Actually, the man in the picture isa machinist's mate, J. C. Cunningham,ivn,,13, presently stationed with me. Hesays the picture was taken in the engineroom, and that he doesn't recall having

. order payable to the Superintendent of Documents.)~ Subscription for mailing to a foreign country without an FPO or APO is S3.S0~ S >~ ~ ~ ; Check on6: One ye8lr D Two years 0 Three years.. ~

NOVEMBER 1966

been a BT at the time.Why not be accurate, and show some-

body cleaning a steam drum, or changing burners, or testing boiler feed water?There are hundreds of pictures you cantake in the fireroom to show the realBT in action.-D. A. P., BTl, USN. All of you are right, of course, andwe're embarrassed at not knowing ourboiler rooms from our engine rooms.We would like to add, however, thatwe depend on the Fleet for our photo. graphs, as well as our information.Rarely do we receive good photos ofthe Black Gang at work.While we are on the subject, yourattention is invited to the back pageof this issue, where, among other things,we say that the man on the scene isbest qualified to tell what's gOing on inhis outfit. The same applies to photographs.-Eo.

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Golf and Gun Dominate SportD EFENDIXG All-Navy Calf cham-pion Dave Bollman slipped toa 75 in the final round of this year'stournament, but still managed tostay one under par for the 72 holesfor a one-stroke victory over StuSchroeder in the open division.Bollman fashioned rounds of 69,71, 72 and 75 for his 287 total overthe par 72 NAS Patuxent Rivercourse.Schroeder, who was also last year'sfunner-ul!, shared medalist honorswith Bollman as five players shotpar or better on the first day.

Andy Mosley, a veteran of previous All-Navy tourneys scored afirst round 70, but dropped to a 78on the second day and was neveragain in contention for the crown despite the fact that his final 71 wasthe only sub-par round scored thatday.

Rudy Boyd, who was six strokesoff the pace after 36 holes, shot athree-under 69 in the third roundas he made a pitch for a vantagepoint to the title . His sub-par shooting put him at one-under-par 215,three strokes off the pace.Schroeder missed par by a strokeon the second day and by two moreon the third , as he dropped steadilyto third place. At the end of 54 holesof play, he was four strokes off thepace at even par.

On the final day, Bollman gaveeveryone a chance to catch up , ashe went three over par to a 75.Schroeder came charging in ArnoldPalmer style, but the charge faltered

at even par and he lost by a stroke.Boyd, who needed only an evenpar round to tie for the title andforce a playoff, skied to a 77 underthe pressure. He finished third, fourstrokes over par and Schroeder.

In the senior division, defendingchampion Ed Peck and HughBaskette, a former Bollman teammate, shared medalist honors at evenpar 72. But that was as close as theygot to the title, as Captain Ace Johnson poured in rounds of 73, 74, 76and 76 to beat Peck by two strokesand Baskette by seven.Johnson led after two rounds witha 147. Ed Bray moved into the second slot at 150.Peck and Baskette, playing liketwins, came in with second-round79s, which put them in a three-waytie for third with Captain Tex Ireland at lSI.

Then Peck made an early surgein the third round for a par 72 asJohnson slipped to a 76, putting thetwo in a tie for the lead at the endof 54 holes of play. Bray held asteady grip on second place at 227,four strokes away from the leaders.

In the final round, Ace Johnsonshowed that his golf was as appropriate to the number one spot as hisname. He turned in another steady76 to take the title, as Peck shot a78 , good for second place.Baskette, who had hovered at 79for two days, moved past Bray andinto third place with a 76, for a306 total.

The win was Johnson's first in

several tries for the senior title. Itwas also a moral victory for J hnson, whom Peck had defeated by 18strokes in the East Coast seniorchampionship.Peck's second place finish was histhird in four yea.rs. He also placedsecond in 1963 'and 1964, in addition to his 1965 win .

The women's division improvedon last year's winning score by over30 strokes, as LCDR N. C. Hollenbeck jumped to an early sevenstroke lead and was never in troubleon her way to the title .Miss Hollen beck toured the coursein three-over-par 75 in the firstround, the lowest women's score ofthe tournament. Subsequent roundsof 83, 81 and 8.5 gave her a 324total and a two-stroke victory overrunner-up M. A. Hall.Miss Hall, who began the tournament with a respectable 82 , pickedup four strokes on the leader witha second round of 79 and anotherstroke in the final round, but couldn'tovercome her deficit from the firstday's play.

Defending champion Estelle St.Clair was 24 strokes better than hertitle pace of a year ago, but her333 total was OIlly good for thirdplace.In this year's competition, sevenof the 10 women entrants beat lastyear's winning score of 357.

Interservice GolfNavymen held down second placein both the open and senior djvi-

HERE AND THERE-Netmen are at it again. Read Cup (center) is saiHng trophy. Rt: P.rofessional tennis on carrier.

36 ALL HANDS

ound Upsions of the Interservice Calf tournament this year, as the Air Forcemade a clean sweep of the divisionand team titles.Lieutenant (jg) Sru Schroeder,runner-up in the All-Navy open division, finished at 288, five strokesbehind the defending champion,Captain Warren Simmons, but thefinal round was nearly over beforethe championship was decided.Simmons led the tournament forall but six holes of the final roundafter opening with a three-underpar 68 on the 6213-yard east courseat Maxwell AFB, Ala.Schroeder, tied for ninth placeafter the first round, came in with asecond round 69 to pull withinrange of the leader.In the final round, Schroeder andSimmons battled in a head-to-headmatch. Schroeder started the roundthree strokes behind , but evenedthe match at the 8th hole whenSimmons bunkered his second shotand three-putted .Schroeder went ahead for thefirst time in the tournament with abirdie at No. 13, but lost the strokeon the 14th with a par. A six on thefollowing hole put Schroeder twostrokes behind. He gained a sb'okeon Simmons again at No. 16 withanother par.The Navyman then finished withtwo double-bogies to Simmons' parsas he put his tee shot over the greenon the par three 17th and knockedhis second shot out of bounds onthe final hole.

All-Navy Golf ScoresOpen Division

Da',e Bollman, YN3 69-71-72-75-287LTJG Stewart Schroeder 69-73-74-72-288LT Rudy Boyd 73-73-69-77-292

CDR Ed Peck, MSCHugh Baskette, AKCCDR Ed BrayCDR C. O. Parrish

Andy Mosely, AEI 70-78-76-71-295 CAPT Tex Ireland

72-79-72-78-3al72-79-79-76-30674-76-77-81-30875-77-78-80-31075-76-80-82-31382-76-75-81-31476-79-85-84-324Gary Groh, AA 72-75-74-74-295ENS Joe Endry 72-77-74-73-296

CAPT 'Jim D eemer, USMC 73-73-77-75-298LTJG G. G. Creagh 77-73-75-73-298J . W. Young, BM2 80-73-77-72-302F. Dobos, Jr ., CMC 73-76-80-76-305LTJG Ron McLeodFred Crockett, AKIK. W. Greer, DM2Ken Likeness, ETN3John Teckley, SFCJ. J. Sudac, MMFN

SeniorCAPT Ace Johnson

75-77-76-78-30675-82-75-75-30780-75-77-77-30982-76-80-79-31776-87-76-82-32180-83-80-81-324

Division73-74-76-76-299

Teammate Cary Croh, who placedfifth in the All-Navy, finished in atie for fourth. All-Navy champ DaveBollman, Rudy Boyd and AndyMosley were far down the line.In the senior division, Ed Peckheld a firm grip on second place allthrough the tournament behindmedalist Ken Postlewait of theMarine Corps at the I8-hole mark,and Col Harry Sanders, who led thedivision at the end of 36 and .54holes. Sanders evenrually won thetitle with a 294 total.Peck had rounds of 76 , 74, 74 and72 for his 296, two strokes off thepace.Ed Bray and Hugh Baskette, theother Navy seniors entered . finishedat 306 and 322, respectively.Bang-Up Job by Hamilton

For five years, Army SergeantFirst Class William B. Blanken-

E. O. Henry, AECLT J . E Hayes

Women's DivisionLCDR N. G. Hollenbeck 75-83-81-85-324M. A. Hall, RMSN 82-79-81-84-326Estelle St. Clai" PNIGwenda Anderson, PN 1LT Sa,ah WatlingtonLeDR Mary BiseniusLTJG S. RussellSarah Jackson, PNCSB. E. Mayhall, PNILT M. A. Wilson

84-85-81-83-33386-88-82-84-34084-82-91-85-34287-84-85-91-34793-86-89-84-35290-92-96-81-359

95-101-94-91-38197- 101-101-94-393

ship held something of a monopolyon the National Pistol Championship. And he was a very happyman . But not any more.Now the monopoly belongs toAviation Machinist's Mate 1stClass Donald R. Hamilton of NavalAir Reserve Training Unit, Washington, D. C., who recently wonhis second consecutive title atCamp Perry, Ohio.Hamilton began the meet witha score of 882-37X. He followedup with a second-day score of 866-27X in strong winds to lead themeet by four points.On the third day, Blankenshipand Sergeant First Class R. D.Thompson began a charge whichalmost overtook Hamilton. Almost.Bv noon, Hamilton led Blankenship by only seven points andThompson by eight.

Hamilton held off the ArmyMATCH was held off California coast. Bowlers roll for BuPers trophy. Rt: Boxing season is now in full swing.

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38

EIGHT HUNDRED and thirteenis a pretty large number for ascore. I t stands for 130 touchdowns (with a few place-kicks

thrown in) , a good scoringseason of baseball, or eight or10 rounds of golf, if you'relike most of us.But if you're Hugh Campbell, Airman, it signifies thebest night of bowling you'veever had.Campbell, captain of a Sunday night summer bowlingteam at NAAS Chase Fieldwent out for his usual nightwith the boys and came backa winner-and a record-holder.

He put together games of237, 277 and 299 for a phenomenal 813 series.Th e 299 is the highest game

ever rolled on the Chase Fieldalleys.And, so far as we know, the813 series is the highest everrecorded by a Navyman.Campbell will, of course,qualify for the BuPers bowling trophy, which is given tothose rolling a 300 game or700 series.

Now, after that 299 game,all he has left to work for isthat last pin for a perfectgame. * * *You'd think that a manwould slow down a little afterwinning a championship ortwo; that he'd relax. But a truechampion is sometimes spurred on to better things by awin.That's how it was with JimMassam, of the NTC SanDiego varsity swimming team.Massam, as we reported lastmonth, set a new All-N avyrecord of 2:28.4 in the 200-meter backstroke during theWest Coast championships.Massam kept up his pacein the recent Fiesta Del Pacifico meet in San Diego by taking three and a half secondsoff the Pacific SouthwestSwimming Association mark,lowering it to 2: 13.5.Now he has the distinction

of holding two records insame event-and they'reseconds apart.* * *Unusual things happen inthe world of weekend golfers,too. Some of them are good,

and some of them-well, youcan judge this one.Jay Tuttle was out for around on the Rota Golf Clubcourse when Lady Luck madeher play. Tuttle hit his teeshot on No. 12 and watched it

head straight for the pin. Afew seconds later, plop!However, the threesomeplaying behind Tuttle didn'tsee the shot . And neither didanyone else but Tuttle, as hewas playing alone. So now hisfriends are congratulating him-with sympathy .Perhaps followers of thesport should develop a "buddysystem," similar to that usedin swimming.* * *Rota is also the basketballcapital of Spain, or so it wouldseem.

Lieutenant (jg) P. E.Crooker, the naval stationathletic officer there, put outa notice in the station gymthat if interest warranted abrief summer b a s k e t b a l l l e a ~ ewould be fOlmed, for the purpose of getting the men inshape for football, or just forgetting the men in shape. Theoriginal plan was to limit theplay to the month of August .But, according to our rePOIt, the hoopsters practicallycame out of the walls, andLTJG Crooker found himselfwith 15 teams-II from basedepartments and commands(uss Holland entered fourteams) , and the remainingfour teams made up of menwithout a common unit to playfor.

As a result, Rota can claima basketball season that finished before the football teamstook over, instead of viceversa.-Kelly Gilbert, J02, USN

charge in the last event, scoring293 of a possible 300 points towin the aggregate title with ascore of 2629-114X. Blankenshipand Thompson placed second andthird, respectively.

During the shooting, Hamiltonwon his second sh'aight Secretaryof the Navy Award and becamethe first man to win the President's100, a newly-instituted event patterned afteI' the event of the samename in rifle competition.All of which makes Hamilton'strophy case begin to bulge. Henow holds trophies as the 1965and 1966 National Pistol Champion, 1965 All-Navy Champion,and 1966 Interservice Champion.And he's a very happy man.

-Kelly Gilbert, J02, USNNavy Rifle Team Scores

Th e U. S. Navy Rifle Team leftthe National Rifle Matches at CampPerry, Ohio, this year with its fairshare of hardware for the trophycases, and two of the Navy's participants won national titles.Donald Vaughn, Aviation Machinis'ts Mate 1st Class, become coholder of the National Match recordin Army Cup competition with ascore of 100-19V out of a possible100-20V. Vaughn hit the bull's-eye,but missed the V-ring on his fifthshot to tie the record set last year byMarine Corporal Daniel Sanchez.Michael D. Nolta, Aerographer'sMate 2nd Class, outshot 2400 military and civilian riflemen to winthe Marine Corps Cup. Firing fromthe 300-yard line at rapid fire, Noltascored 100-12V to win the event.

Thomas N. Treinen, Aviation Machinist's Mate 3rd Class, won thePershing Trophy as high individualscorer in the National Trophy RifleTeam Match. Treinen scored 250-30V out of a possible 250-50V forthe title.Nine Navy entrants also placed inthe President's Hundred competition.Lieutenant (jg) Webster Wrightshot a score of 147-14V to take tophonors among the Navy competitors.Another Navy shooter, ElaineLehtinen, Personnelman 2nd Class,became the first Navy woman everto place in the President's Hundred .I t was her first national competition.

The Navy Rifle Team placedfourth in National Rifle Team standings at the Camp Perry matcheswith an aggregate score of 1180, amere five points from the top.

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Overnight GuestsYou probably wouldn't be tooperturbed if inclement weatherforced your afternoon guest to become an overnight guest, assuming,that you have a spare couch.But what if there were 1500guests, mostly women and children,and they had to spend the night atsea?

The crew of the carrier uss Wasp(CVS 18) found themselves in justsuch a situation recently.Wasp ha d departed Boston at0900 for a scheduled one-day dependents' cruise in the local operating area. Highlight of the programwas to be a series of Bight demonstrations between 1200 and 1500.By noon it was apparent that theheavy fog in the area was not goingto lift in time to permit flight operations. Wasp's commanding officerannounced that the ship was returning to Boston and would arrive atabout 1430. She didn't.After several unsuccessful attempts to enter the fog-shroudedchannel, Wasp proceeded to an anchorage and the situation was discussed with naval authorities inBoston via radio.

The dependents would have tostay overnight.All hands turned to to make theirguests as comfortable as possible.The supply depaltment broke outfresh stores to feed additional mealsto the guests. Needless to say, berthing was a problem. The crew in theafter section of the ship gave up theirquarters and the officers movedout of their staterooms for assignment to the dependents.A phone patch via Wasp's hamradio was rigged so that those having pressing business and personalengagements could contact shore.Providing entertainment for theguests was no problem. Movies wereshown continuously in hangar bayone; hangar bay two was the sceneof a folk sing, a band concert, anda dance complete with orchestra.By that evening the forecastsshowed that the fog might continuefor several days, so the skipperheaded for Quonset Point. By thetime Wasp arrived at NAS QuonsetPoint the next afternoon, a fleet ofNOVEMBER J966

SECOND MAIDEN VOYAGE-Fleet Oiler USS Tappahannock (AO 43) steamstoward her new home port, Long Beach, after six years in the Reserve Fleet.buses was waiting to transport thevisitors back to Boston and the debarkation was accomplished without a hitch.

From all appearances, Wasp'sguests thoroughly enjoyed their overnight stay. Wasp's crew wasdelighted at the chance to demonstrate Navy hospitality.Repeat Performance for HC2It isn't often that a single helicopter squadron rescues two men fromthe Mediterranean in a matter ofthree days. Nevertheless, HC-2aboard uss Independence (CVA 62)did just that .A squadron helo was in the airwhen the word came that a man wasoverboard. I t wasn't long before thepilot spotted a smoke float markerand life ring but the man to berescued was nowhere in sight.

During a second pass over thearea, the real-life Oscar was spottedabout 60 yards aft of the survivalmarkers and was pulled aboard.Two days later , another pilot fromHC-2 was notified that a plane hadsplashed down some 16 miles fromthe aircraft carrier Independence .

This rescue turned out to be acinch. The downed pilot had ejectedfrom his disabled plane and waswaiting patiently in his raft for helpto arrive.Minesweepers ReturnFive Long Beach-based ships ofMine Division 91 recently ended aIO-and-one-half-month tour off Vietnam where they served a twofoldmission.Besides their primary job-detecting mines-the task of junk inspection was added.The division, comprised of uss Per-sistent (MSO 491), Conflict (MSO426), Dynamic (MSO 432) , Endur-ance (MSO 435), and Implicit(MSO 455), was assigned to theMarket Time Force.

The minesweepers patrolled the1000-mile Vietnam coastline to halttransfers by junks of Viet Congsupplies and troops from the North.Besides the MSOs, the anti-infiltration force is made up of destroyerescorts, Coast Guard cutters, andPCF Navy Swift boats. These unitsaverage about 1000 inspections dailywhile on Operation Market Time.

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ON TARGET-Aerial photo shows damage to bridge and railroad yard aftera strike by pilots of Air Wing Fourteen from the carrier USS Ranger (eVA 61).Aviation Supply Office

The Aviation Supply Office hasbeen in the spare parts business for25 vears.B ~ f o r e the ASO came into being,aircraft spares were bought by thenaval bureaus, naval air stations, andthe Naval Aircraft Factory, as theywere needed. This system, thoughefficient enough before "Vorld War

II when aircraft component partswere few, was too loosely organizedto handle the expansion of theNavy's aviation program that followed the fall of France.In 1939 the Navy was operatinglittle more than 1000 aircraft. In

June 1940, Congress authorized theprocurement of 15,000 more. Acentrally controlled supply system to

West Coast Enterprise Fleet Is GrowingIn 1.965, Enterprise Jr. hit the Since her first appearance in

w a t ~ r In Seattle. Now Naval Re- May, Enterprise 111 has createds ~ r v l s ~ s from Salem, .Ore., are get- quite an impression on the Oretmg mto the act With Enterprise gonians.111, a 1 6 - f o ~ t model of the Navy's The Naval Reservists who builtnuclear car:1er. her are proud of their constructionEarly thiS year, personnel of the job, as well they should be. I t takesNaval Reserve Training Center in a lot of work to build a carrierSalem decided that a model aircraft .carrier would be an unusual andappropriate contribution to the local Armed Forces Day parade.

Funds to buy the materials andmodel planes were contributed bytraining center personnel, and thework began. Labor was supplied ona voluntary basis by active dutystationkeepers at the training centerand by drilling Reservists, in theirspare time.After three months of hard work,the model was completed.

I t was shown for the first time inthe parade, with such success thatthe governor of Oregon requestedthat the model be displayed in thestate capitol rotunda .

40

back them up with spare parts wasimperative.The Naval Aircraft Factory inPhiladelphia was selected as the siteof the ASO.In October 1941 ASO was staffedby 200 civilian employees and 14military. Only a few months later itwas filling the desperate needs of

the Pacific Fleet after the attack onPearl Harbor.the end of World War II,ASO s work force had grown to 766military, and 2050 civilian personnel.Between Pearl Harbor and VJ day,ASO had supplied American andAllied aircraft with spare parts worthwell over a billion dollars .Today, ASO supports more thaneight billion dollars wor th of aircraft.Th e two-billion-dollar inventory ofstock items that backs up these aircraft demands the most efficientmanagement methods possible. Automation has been the answer.

Th e Automated Purchase OrderSystem, for instance, makes 50 percent of ASO's purchases. I t slashesthe cost and time of the buying cycle,and permits quicker payment to thecontractor. Approximately 45 milliondollars in purchases are made anuallvwith this system. .Automation also controls communications through the AutomatedDigital Nenvork.

Other automated systems handlerequisitioning and emergency requests for material needed to getgrounded aircraft flying again.With automated techniquesadapted for most of the major programs used to supply naval aircraft,ASO has become the electronic nervecenter of the entire Navv AviationSupply System. Its r e f l e x ~ s are conditioned by signals from various partsof the system it controls.

These signals are motivated by theday-to-day issues, receipts and requirements of supply units all overthe world. In the past, daily transactions were reported monthly, bimonthly, or, under the best conditions, weekly. Supply information was, therefore, only as currentas the last report.Now, supply actions are reporteddaily over a worldwide electronicnetwork. One of the most importanteffects of this immediacy is the speedwith which needs are filled. I f theNaval Air Station at NOlih IslandCalif., for example, requestsgyroscopes on a Tuesday afternoon,by Wednesday morning computer

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action has been taken which willstart them on their way from NASAlameda, or the nearest supply uniton the W'est Coast which has theparts needed .

In the past, the paper mills ofASO ground slowly. Now their shuffling sounds are being replaced hythe staccato clicking of computersand aircraft on the flight lines of theNavy are more quickly and economically ready for action.

In 1962, when besieged purchasepersonnel shouted for help, ASO'selectronic cavalry came to the rescue.Between them thev worked out astrategy to conquer'the onslaught ofpaperwork that threatened to disruptthe small-purchase system.

The basis of this strategy was anautomated small-purchase ;mler program which was begun in I a r c h1963.As a result of this program , the 10to 15 documents which previouslycluttered a contwct foldel' for a smallpurchase, have been reduced to two.The annual printing workload hasbeen reduced by at least two millionsheets.

Today ASO supports 8800 aircraft.Its supply system carries a 2.2-billion-dollar inventory of about 400,-000 items. Its annual "sales" areabout a billion dollars.

The most important of crn-rent demands of ASO's multibillion dollarinventory are those that come fromthe Seventh Fleet and the FirstMarine Air in Southeast Asia.To keep lip with the urgent needs ofaircraft operating in and nroundVietnam , ASO has worked out an

FAST WORK - USS Sacramenfohelo unloads supplies for carrier.

accelerated system of processing called Project Tiger Tom .The system processes r e q u i s i t i o n ~from Vietnam in four to six hours .

Items available in ASO's supply systcm-about 99 per cent of those requested-arrive at the Naval SupplyCenter in Oakland, Calif., within 24hours.

That kind of service makes forsatisfied customers.

Traffic Briefing at SeaA highway patrolman riding agreyhound, and an eight-hour driverimprovement course arc two moreof the menns by which the N

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TODAY'S NAVY

Faces in the Fleet. . . .patrohnen, smaUer ships of thePacific Fleet can also take advantageof years of accumulated experiencein traffic safety.Back at Pearl Harbor, Hawaiistate safety officials have set up atraffic safety course for personnelaboard ships homeported there.In four two-hour classes, Navymen are taught the meaning of perfect driving, the practice of defensive driving, how to avoid collisionsat intersections, and the art of passing and being passed.

Each session is sparked with stillphotographs of the result whendrivers do not drive defensively,brief bu t forceful movies of the effect on car and occupants whenmovinr, vehicles meet immovableobjects, and graphic descriptionsfrom the teachers' personal knowledge of what can happen whendrivers forget to drive defensively.Crewmen from the desb'oyer ussErnest Small (DDR 838) are thefirst to take the course, with menfrom uss Straus (D E 408) andCharles Berry (DE 1035) alreadysigned up for upcoming courses .Weather SatellitesPilots taking off from the carriersuss Oriskany (CVA 34) and Con-stellation (CVA 64) can be surethey will not run smack into a typhoon right after they are launched.Reason for their certainty is thecarriers' use of orbiting weathersatellites and an Automatic PictureTransmission (APT) system to makeuse of the available weather data.

The receivers , called readout stations, are made up of four majorcomponents : An antenna controlpanel, used to train the ship'santenna on the passing satellite; areceiver to pick up the satellite'stransmission; a tape deck, used to42

record the incoming signal and storeit on magnetic tape; and a facsimileunit, which reproduces the originalpicture taken by the satellite's TVcamera.

The ship's receiver picks upsignals from two weather satellites,Essa II and Nimblls II, both launchedearly this year.A camera inside each satellitetakes pictures of the cloud coverbelow it, and this information, in theform of a radio signal, is relayed tothe APT stations aboard the carriers.Essa II orbits the earth onceevery hoUl" and 53 minutes, 31 sec-

On and Under the Sea. . . .onds, at an altitude of 750 nauticalmiles. Its pictures cover an area1700 nautical miles wide.

Nimbus II, which is in a slightlylower orbit, incorporates an infraredsystem so it can take pictures atnight as well as in daylight.The satellite's position is radioedto the ship each day by the NationalWeather Satellite Center in Suitland, Md. Shipboard aerogrnphersuse this infOimation to determinewhen the satellite will be in receiving range, and then , by means ofthe directional antenna, track itscourse. Each of the satellites is within receiving range three times aday ; one , on an overhead pass, givesthe pictUl"e of the ship's immediateopera ting area, and the other twocover the areas to the east andwest.Once the weather pictureS arereceived and reproduced, they are"gridded" by adding latitude andlongihlde lines. Then they are given

to the forecaster/analyst who usesthe weather maps in his daily forecasts.When Oriskany and Constellationpilots take off, they know what kindof weather they are getting into.Seventh Fleet Communications

An important element in anynaval operation is fast, effectivecommunications. The over-all commander of the operation often isfar removed from his deployedforces , sometimes by hundreds oreven thousands of miles.Yet, he must keep in constanttouch with these forces , be kept upto-date on their movements, and beable to relay to them any late information or changes in plans thatmight be required.This basic need for communications is nowhere more apparentthan in uss Oklahoma City (CLG5), fl agship for Commander U.S.Seventh Fleet.

To communicate with the forcesin the \Vestern Pacific area thisguided missile c r u i s e r - f l ~ g s h i pcarries one of the most moderncommunications complexes everplaced on board a naval ship.Some 180 major pieces of communication equipment handle thethousands of messages sent daily toand from Commander SeventhFleet.This equipment ranges from flaghoist and semaphore, among theoldest forms of naval communications still in use, to the most up-to-

And in the Air Navy. . . .

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GET TOGETHER-USS Jason (AR 8) is jOined by USS Agerho/m (DO 826) an d USS Shields (DO 596) for family portrait.For Jason's skipper, Captain George Metze, USN, it was a nostalgic occasion; he's seen service in all three ships.date cryptographic, teletypewriterand radio equipment available.More than a dozen radio-teletypewriter machines are in continuous operation, carrying data toand from the 175 ships of the Seventh Fleet, as well as keeping theflagship in touch with Pacific Fleetheadquarters in Hawaii, and command activities in the continentalU.S .Seventh Fleet ships and shorestations are only minutes away fromthe flagship, thanks to these communication circuits. This was amplydemonstrated off the coast of Vietnam in August 1964. Less than 20minutes after the destroyers ussMaddox (DD 731) and Turner loy(DD 951) reported being attackedby North Vietnamese torpedo boatsin the Gulf of Tonkin, the Fleetcommander was reading the message report more than 2000 milesaway.Messages within the SeventhFleet .JlOlmally are relayed throughthe shore communications stationslocated at Guam, the Philippines,and Japan. However, ships such asthe major communications relayship uss Annapolis (AGMR 1) areproviding a further extension of command into areas where there are noshore-based faciiities.

Other communications improvements have taken place aboard theflagship itself. A constant voiceradio-telephone circuit allows theFleet commander or members of hisstaff to hold conferences with taskforce commanders who are milesapart on the high seas.NOVEMBER J966

The communication crew alsomaintains 10 tactical voice circuits.'When the various Fleet units areengaged in operations such as shorebombardment, amphibious landings,or anti-air warfare protection off theVietnam coast, the number of voice

circuits often increases to 17 .It takes more than 20 officers and165 enlisted men to handle the communications job aboard OklahomaCity. Understandable, since sheclaims to process more messagesthan any other warship in history.

Sea Survival Course Is Rugged But PopularThe mission was rough, but suc- in water and boarding various life

cessful. Now, you're beading rafts.home. In full Bight gear, he slidesAll's quiet and serene on the down a 50-foot slanting cable intohorizon, a setting in distinct con- the water. The effect is similar totrast to the bursting flak surround a parachute landing. The traineeing th e plane above target. It 's a then releases himself from therelief to know there're only a few harness while being towed by boatmiles left to fly before sighting the at about seven knots.carrier, so you settle back and ab- He must then swim 300 yardssorb the impressive vastness of the from a whaleboat to an LGM andocean below. board it via its Jacob 's ladder.Suddenly, the jet's instrument Once he has mastered the es-panel glows red - a loss of oil.pres- cape techniques, his final test issure. Your speed rapidly decreases. how to remain alive.The engine flames out. The radio Four to five hours are spent indoesn't respond. The ultimate de- a PK2 one-man life raft where thecision. .. eject! student uses survival equipmentThis possibility is faced bv all he became familiar with in theour naval aviators flying sorties' over classroom. He prepares fresh waterVietnam. Some of them encounter from the sea using a de-salting kitthe experience. and solar still and uses signal mir-

To prepare the pilot for such a rors, day and night flares, sharkcircumstance, whether in war or chaser and dye markers.peace , the Naval Aviation Schools This training, coupled with man'sCommand at Pensacola places natural instinct of self-preselva-special emphasis on its Sea Sur- tion, increases the pilots' confidencevival course. in thei r ability to sUlvive at sea

The student practices freeing should ever it become necessaryhimself from a parachute harness to ditch or eject over water. .

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PIPED HOME-Patron One welcomed via bagpipes at NAS Whidbey Island.

crews maintained radio contact withSwift boats and Coast Guard cutters."Vhen a suspicious contact was madethe aircraft might vector a surfaceunit into the area for investigation- or surface forces might guide theaircraft to a questionable contact.

The aircraft were often subjectedto VC ground fire from beaches,jungles and junks. Despite the lowflight altitudes, however, PatronOne aircraft sustained only minordamage and suffered no casualtiesamong the flight crews.

The Saigon detachment cameunder its heaviest fire while on theground, ancl this time there werecasualties. Early in the morning of13 April the Viet Cong attacked the

Welcome for Vietnam VetsWH I L E TH E BAGPIPES skirled andthe families and reception partywaited, the 12 Patron One N ep-tll l les taxied into parking positionfor a fonnation shutdown . Theceremony which followed was impressive, bu t not essential.

It doesn't take much fanfare tomake home look good after a tourin WestPac.Aboard the aircraft were 144men, returning to NAS WhidbeyIsland, \"'ash ., after six and onehalf months in the 'Western Pacific.The ground crew had returnedearlier and was now available torelieve the new arrivals, who weredue some CONUS liberty,

During four months of the deployment, seven Patron One aircraftwere assigned to the Market TimePatrol and based at the Tan SonNhut Air Base near Saigon. The re-

maining five aircraft peIformed AS\,Vancl ocean surveillance patrols out ofIwakuni, Japan, Okinawa and thePhilippines.Th e Saigon detachment flew atotal of 351 combat missions duringthe deployment, accumulating a totalof 2400 flight hours. The flightswere made over the South Vietnamese coast from the Cambodian

border in the vicinity of the MekongDelta and north to the 17th Parallel.

The flights were usually at altitudes from 1000 down to 100 feet.The crews identified shipping andmade night flare drops. On one occasion Patron One flares exposed aViet Cong smuggler disguised as atrawler. The ship had been drivenashore to prevent Viet Cong salvage.WH ILE PERFORMING Market Timepatrols, Patron One Neptulle

FAMILY STYLE-Henry A. Martin, AT3, is greeted by his wife and daughter asPatron One returns from Vietnam. Rf: LTJG R. M. Clark gets hug from wife.

air base with mortar. Aviation Machinist's Mate Second Class Randolph P. Vedros was killed andseveral other squadron Navymenwere wounded.

The attack occured shortly aftermidnight. By dawn the ground crewswere hard at work repairing thedamage and within eight hours thedetachment launched a Market Timemission. Within a few days the mostseriously damaged plane was underway on its own power.

M AN Y OF THE CHIEFS and seniorofficers found the conditions ofcombat in Vietnam similar to thosethey had experienced during WWIIand Korea : Heat , i n s e c 1 : s ~ rats, smells,mud and marstan matting .

The 12 aircraft averaged HOORight hours each month. To date thesquadron has Rown more than 48,-500 hours without an accident. Theunit holds the CNO Aviation SafetyAward for West Coast patrol squadrons as well as the 1965 Battle Efficiency "E" and the Isbell Trophy.While deployed, each of the 12Patron One flight crews became"alpha" qualified . The squadronclaims to be the first to qualify allits aircrews while deployed andunder combat conditions.An "alpha" crew is one which hassuccesfully completed a long seriesof exercises and thus established itscombat readiness . The exercises include weapon loading, weapon delivery, aerial mining, reconnaissanceand antisubmarine waIfare. Thefinal operation consists of a submarine hunt and simulated kill.

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BeachmastersTHERE'S MORE to an amphibious assault than a battalionof Marines. The beachmasters can tell you. So canthe amphibious constructionmen and the assault crafthandlers.

They are all part of the Naval Beach Groups-and inevery major landing they are right behind the first twoboat waves.

These Navvmen handle the multitude of little-knowntasks c o m m o ~ to any amphibious landing-they drivethe boats that carry troops an d supplies, build roads andclear the beaches, direct traffic on the crowded beachesand stack material as it is brought ashore.The outfit assigned this task with the Seventh Fleetamphibious forces is the San Diego-based Naval BeachGroup One's ' ' ' 'estern Pacific Detachment. .'Vhile many of the detachment's 800 men are embarked on amphibious force ships and are ready to land withthe Seventh Fleet's seaborne Marine battalion landingteam, others already are ashore in Vietnam supportingtroops who have recently landed.One of the Naval Beach Group's bigger jobs in Vietnam was moving gear over a large pontoon causewaythey maintained at Chu Lai while the airfield was beingbuilt last year.At the Navy's large supply activity in DaNang, themen provided stevedores and lighter crews and operateda floating fuel line until pemlanent personnel were sentin to relieve them.Other men of the group's three combat-ready, selfsupporting components-a beachmaster unit, an amphibious construction battalion and an assault craftdivision-remain at their Yokosuka, Japan, headquarters.They train for such tasks as directing complex beachoperations, installing pontoon causeways, laying floating lines, improving landing sites and salvaging disabledlanding craft.

But they're always ready to ship out in support ofSeventh Fleet amphibious landings.Clockwise, from tOJ) left: (1 ) Beachmasters run telephone line from beach to command ship. (2 ) Floatingfuel line is brought ashore. (3 ) Tugs push pontooncauseway to beach. (4 ) Equipment operator clearslanding site with bulldozer.-Story and Photos by James F. Folk, JOe, USNNOVEMBER J966

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Brief newS items about other branches of the armed services.

ON THE WING-Air Force Thunderchief from TacticalAir Command is visible over insignia on wing of another.

SURVIVAL FOOD may never rival the cookery of acordon bleu. However, it m 1) ' ue considerably improved by new preservation m,thods now being developed by the Army.The new process involves packaging food, then givingit a small dose of gamma rays from a cobalt-60 source.No radiation remains in the treated food product whichis as healthful and wholesome as any heat-processedfood.Consequences of this procedure could be widespread.Refrigeration needs would be reduced with consequentlower food losses through spoilage.Better control of food-borne disease would also beachieved and more fresh meats and vegetables wouldbe available to field units in combat.Tasty dinners could be included in survival kits andthe traditional C-ration could be relegated to a museumcase as a memento of the military past.

* * *IR I1ECONNAISSAKCE men may soon the imagetheir cameras record even before their plane lands.Such speed seems possible with an experimental filmprocessing system which was developed for the AirForce Avionics Laboratory at \Nright-Patterson Air ForceBase, Ohio.The new system produces a high quality negativeand a positive transparency-all within 30 seconds.Because a positive photographic image is producedso quickly, the pictures can be scanned while the pIa "Ieis still in the air, then jettisoned to the ground or madeavailable to photo interpreters as soon as the planelands. The process can be used in black and white.Other emulsions could be processed by this technique,includillg inhared and aerial color photography.46

Black and white positive transparencies can be madealmost immediately using a portable processor six feetlong and one foot square. A film-like material is broughtin contact or laminated with an exposed negative material. When peeled apart after a brief interval, boththe positive print and negative are available.The new technique uses a polyester film base which

canies a gelatin layer containing a developer. Beforefilm is processed, it must be soaked with one of severalprocessing solutions called imbibants. The imbibantscontain chemicals which develop and fix the negativethen transfer the positive image to the film . No furtherprocessing is required.* * *F IT TESTS out successfully, an experimental verticalshort takeoff and landing (V/STOL) aircraft with asubstantial cargo capacity may revolutionize air trans

port by making a forest clearing as good for landingcargo as a multi-million dollar runway complex.The plane heing tested is the XC-142A, a V/STOLtri-service transport. So far, it has been able to carrydummy cargo loads weighing as much as 4000 poundsand drop th em either while hovering only five feet abovethe ground or while Hying forward at 30 knots .

Dumping cargo is the plane's forte. I t does this eitherwhile flying at low speeds or hovering with the fuselagetilted upward several degrees. The cargo, which ismoun ted on rollers, slides out the rear end of the aircraft to a comparatively easy landing on the ground afew feet below.The plane was developed for use in brushfire warfare where wide dispersion of units and rapid deliveryof troops amI supplies to remote areas required new

techniques in logistics .In addition to its military application, the XC-142Acould bring a radical change to civilian air transport bymaking the smallest town accessible to air cargo deliveries.The change could even be felt in large cities where

TROOPERS of the Army's lOlst Airborne Division use,viet Cong trench for cover during Operation Hawthorne.AU HANDS

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air cargoes need not necessarily be delivered hours awayfrom their ultimate destination.The XC-142A was designed to carry 32 fully equip

ped c-ombat troops or 8000 pounds of cargo at a combatradius of 200 nautical miles. vVhen i t uses special fueltanks inside the cargo space, the plane has a ferry rangeof over 2600 nautical miles and requires only a short680 feet for takeoff. It lands vertically upon arrival atits destination.In terms of payload, the XC-142A could carry avariety of payloads including: Components of tacticalmissile systems; a one and one-quarter ton truck; 32troops; 24 litter patients; large palletized cargoes; ormany other weapons or combinations.Despite its large cargo carrying ability, the XC-142Ahas a wingspan of 67 and one-half feet, an over-alllength of 58 feet, and a height of 26 feet. The troop andcargo compartment is 30 feet long, seven and one-halffeet wide and seven feet high.

* * *HE ARMY'S OV-l Mohawk set five world records forits class, according to claims filed with the FederationAeronautique Internationale (F AI). The surveillanceaircraft is in a new category which the FAI establishedto include land-based turboprop planes weighing between 13,227 and 17,636 pounds.In tests m , ~ d e at Long Island , N.Y., the Mohawk wasmade to climb 9842 feet in three minutes and 46seconds. I t completed a climb of 19,685 in nine minutesand nine seconds and sustained an altitude of :32,000feet in horizontal Right.The plane also Rewa straight-line, nonstop-distancecourse covering 2422 miles in nine hOllrs and 34 minutes- -an average of about 2.55 miles per hour.

The f i f t l ~ test was a closed-circuit Right in which theOV-l covered 100 kilometers at 5000 feet in 12 minutesand 4H.H seconds-an avcrage speed of 292 miles perbour.

The Mohawk is equipped with cameras, side-lookingairborne racial' and infrared devices. The Anny has lIsedthe plane in Southeast Asia since 1962.* * *AXI TO A SPACE STATlOK, anyone? It may someday

be commonplace. That is the ultimate objective of anAir Force project called START-to develop a revolutionary, manned wingless rocket plane which can operate between orbiting space stations and earth to taximen and materials. The craft would be capable of normal landings on earth."Vith the recent letting of

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THE WORDFrank, Authentic Career Information

Of Special Interest-Straight from Headquarters LEADERSHIP EXAM5-Come nextAugust, youll be required to ' havepassed a special military/leadershipexamination before becoming eligible to advance to grade E-4 and E-5.As outlined in BuPers Notice 1418of 25 Aug 1966, everyone desiringto participate in the Navy-wide examinations for advancement to paygrades E-4 and E-5 must previouslyhave passed a separate militaryleadership exam.You may take the leadership examfor the next higher pay grade without regard to time in pay grade, and

you only have to pass it once foreach pay grade. .The leadership exams will begiven quarterly, beginning in Jan

uary 1967 for active duty personnel,and July 1967 for inactive Reservists.If you are authorized automaticadvancement without examination(STAR, SCORE, BuPers Inst 1430.-14 series), you still have to pass themilitary/leadership exam before youmay be advanced.Personnel in pay grade E-2 alsomay take the military/leadershipexam, even though they are not yeteligible to take the professional examination for advancement to E-4.I f for any reason you are not eligible to take the professional advancement exam, you still shouldmake an effort to take the leadership

exam as soon as possible. It willhelp give you an insight of the military position, and at the same timeyoull be hurdling one exam and canconcentrate during later study forthe professional exam.The requirement for the leadership exam does not begin until theAugust advancement exams, butthose personnel taking the Februaryadvancement exams are urged to.take the leadership exam anyway,even though it's not yet required.Here is the schedule for administration of the military/leadershipexams: Active duty personnel (Examscommence in January 1967)Personnel in pay grades E-2 andE-3 may take the E-4 exam on thesecond Tuesday in January, and thefirst Tuesday in April, July andOctober.Those in pay grades E-4 may takethe E-5 exam on the second Thursday in January, and the first Thursday in April, July and October. Inactive duty Reservists(Exams commence in July 1967)For pay grades E-2, E-3, and E-4,the exam will be given on the firstscheduled training period in January, April, July and October.

The regular advancement examswill contain 150 questions, all dealing with the professional aspects ofyour individual rating.

AIR FARES-The airline industryhas made several changes in theregulations governing military standby fares, giving special consideration to servicemen traveling at reduced rates.

The new rules regarding reducedfares, which vary with WHerent airlines, will take many traveling Navymen out of the "standby" categoryand put them in the "confirmed reservations" set.For example, many of the airlinesare permitting military personnel inan emergency leave status to haveconfirmed reservations, even thoughpaying the standby fare. In suchcases, a document from the commanding officer or from the American Red Cross will confirm that theauthorized leave is an emergency.Other airlines have a "furloughfare" which provides for the serviceman to pay a slightly higher percentage of the regular fare (rangingfrom 60 per cent to 66 2/3 per cent)in order to guarantee him confirmedreservations.See BuPers Notice 4632 of 22Aug 1966, or your transportationofficer, for more details.

Meatballs Are Flying;' I ' Awards Announced

O NeE AGAIN newly earned meatballpennants flap at the foretrucks ofthe Fleet 's best ships. The fiscal year1966 Battle Efficiency "En competition is complete, and the winnershave been announced.As you're certain to notice, severalcompetitive groups are not included.The naval air forces of both Fleetsare now on a separate competitive

CAN AGENT 007 locate the latest issue of ALL HANDS? Remember, each copy should be passed on to 009 others

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cycle, and winners will not be announced until early 1967.In some instances, the tempo ofoperations prevented participation .MinPac's second, fifth and sixthgroups, for instance, did not compe te. They had other jobs to do .Below is a partial listing of thisyear's battle "E" winners. AL L HANDSwill print the names of others whenthe announcements are received fromtype commanders or the ships concerned.Crui.er De.troyer Force, Atlantic:Wallace L. Lind (DD 703)

Johnston (DD 821)Semmes (DDG 18)Goodrich (DDR 831)Lloyd Thomas (DD 764)Davis (DD 937)Noa (DD 841)Harwood (DD 861)5ampson (DDG 10)Newman K. Perry (DD 883)DuPont (DD 941)Samuel B. Roberto (DD 823)Yarnall (DD 541)Holder (DD 819)Waller (DD 466)Van Voorhis (DE 1028)Olen non (DD 840)Orand Canyon (AD 28)Yosemite (AD 19)

Cruiser Destroyer Force, Pacifi .cOklahomo City (CLG 5)Piedmont (AD 17)Frontier (AD 25)John R. Craig (DD 885)Reeves (DLG 24)Waddell (DDG 21)Gridley (DLG 21)John W. Thomason (DD 760)Alfred A. Cunningham (DD 752)McMorris (DE 1036)

Mine Force, AtlanticMeadowlark (M5C 196)

Latest PGMThe patrol motor gunboat ussAsheville (PGM 84), newest member of the Navy's small craft Fleet,was commissioned in early August,

at Ta coma, Wash.Asheville, which was authorizedin the fiscal year 1963 shipbuildingand conversion program, is constructed of aluminum. She has anover-all leegth of approximately165 fee t, a beam of 24 feet, and afull-load displacement of 240 tons.Asheville's armament will inch,ldeone 3-inch/50 caliber mount, one40-mm gun, and two 50-caliber machine guns. She is powered by acombination gas turbine and dieselengine propulsion plant.The keel of Asheville was laid on15 Apr 1964, and she wason 1 May 1965.

NOVEMBER r966

Skill (M50 471)Jocano (M5C 193)Direct (M50 430)Adroit (MSO 509)Vital (MSO 474)Fidelity (MSO 443)

P a n d e m ~ s (ARL 18)Mine Force, Pacific

Whippoorwill (MSC 207)Oallont (MSO 489)Pe . stent (M50 491)Submarine Force, Atlantic'Corporal (5S 346)Piper (5S 409)Thornbock (55 418)Trigger (SS 564)Se a Leopard (55 483)Scorpion (SSN 589)$ealion (APSS 315)Blenny (SS 324)Sea Robin (SS 407)Halfbeok (SS 352)Grenadier (SS 525)Sea Poacher (55 406)Marlin (SST 2)Dace (SSN 607)Howard W. Gilmore (AS 16)Tringa (ARS 16)

Submarine Force, PacificSeadragon (SSN 584)Sabalo (SS 302)Banefish (SS 582)Snook (SSN 592)Sea Fox (SS 402)Caiman (SS 323)Spinax (SS 489)Pomodon (S5 486)Sculpin (SSN 590)Plunger (SSN 595)Greenflsh (SS 351)Chanticleer (ASR 7)

Amphibious Force, AtlanticGuam (LPH 9)Telfair (APA 210)Sandoval (APA 194)York County (LST 1175)Rankin (AKA 103)Guadalcanal (LPH 7)Talbot County (LST 1153)LCU 1612LCU 1492

Amphibious Force, PacificK.mper County (LST 854)Henry County (LST 824)Westchester County (LST 1167)Eldorado (AGC 11)Volley Forgo (LPH 8)Bayfield (APA 33)

Service Force, Atlant;cAistede (AF 48)Nantahala (AO 60)Chewaucan (AOG 50)Arcturus (AF 52)Trucke. (AO 147)-eighth consecutive award

. Kaskaskia (AO 27)Tutuila (ARG 4)Escape (ARS 6)Paiute (ATF 159)Papago (ATF 160) .San Pablo (AGS 30)Tanner (AGS 15)Georgetown (AGTR 2)Alcor (AK 259)Mobile Con.tructio" Battalion One

QUIZ AWEIGHHo w laity are you? Do you hove your

Shellback card? Can you readily determine the difference between port and .tar .board? Have you pulled liberty in moreport' thon mOlt of your peer, can name?

If you've anewered "yel" to al l ofthOle questions, chane.. are you've Iwap-ped enough .e a etori.. to piece togetherthe two lilt. below. Just match each .hip'lname with itl proper (but unofficial)nickname.

A nore of 12 or more qualifie, you a .an ardent sailor; 10 or mare gives youa .eat in a laity converlatian; if you getIe.. than 10, you need a little more .e atime.

1. USS Ma . chusetts2. USS Yorktown3. USS Constitution4. USS Millouri5. USS Salt Lake City6. USS Valcour7. U5S Honolulu8. USS Wyoming9. USS North Carolina

10. USS Cowpenl11. U5$ R o ~ h e s t e r12. USS Princeton13. USS Pnilippine Sea14. USS CoontZ'

NicknamasA. Sweet PeaB. Rocky MaruC. Show BoatD. Mighty MooE. Old Iron,ide.F. Blue GooseG. Back E.ery FridayH. Whit. Ghost of the Persian GulfI. Big MamieJ. Battle AxeK. Onion SkinL. Swayback MaruM. Fighting LadyN. Big CharlieIf you find you ne.d to check your

anlwere, turn to page 64.

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You Play an Important Role in International Finance via BOPTHERE'S A TERM used in our monetary world with which eachNavyman and his family should become familiar.Ir s called BOP-balance of payment.As technical as it may sound, BOPis relatively simple, even though itinvolves billions of dollars.Essentially, it is the balance ofmoney the U. S. Treasury has at theend of a fixed period after all dollars,such as foreign aid and trade, haveentered or left the country.There are times, however, whensituations such as the Vietnam crisisdevelop. There are military requirements that can only be satisfied byprocurement of material and servicesfrom foreign sources. This creutes aflow of dollars abroad and increasesthe U. S. Balance of Payments deficit. These expenditures, coupledwith commercial trade, foreign aid,bank loans, and so forth, when inexcess of receipts from foreign COUIltries, result in a BOP dencit.In other words, the nation as awhole spends more than it receivesin its foreign COrnIrlerce.This problem has become critical.For example, if the foreign countries were, for some reason, to demand an exchange of U. S. dollarsfor gold, which we use to back upour currency, it might deplete ourreserves to where the value of thedollar could be placed in distrust.We faced this problem dwing theKorean contlict when the drain ofgold left us with an annual deficitwhich averaged 1.5 billion doilarsuntil 1957 (the only year the U. S.has had a credit in the national balance of payments since 1950).However, in 1958 and 1959, because of the Berlin crisis, the dencitincreased to 3.5 and 3.8 billion dollars, resppctively. The followingyear, the deficit reached a new highof 3.9 billion.To offset this drain, the government encouraged an export drive.The success of this drive quietedfears that the U. S. had priced itselfout of world markets, but failed to

reduce the balance of payments dencit below the 3.5 billion level. Themajor reasons may be attributed totwo trends: an increase in U. S. investments abroad plus an outflow ofhot capital (money deposited overseas which draws high interestrates) .Military expenditures and the support of U. S. military establishmentsoverseas also accounted for a portion of the balance of payments dencit. Pay and allowances to servicemen stationed overseas were a majorportion of these miJitary expenditures.Steps were taken, in one form oranother, by the goverument to reduce the balance of payment deficitin many areas of interuationalfinance. However, u very large portion of this money was being spentby military personnel and their families stationed overseas.To help decrease this amount, thePresident in 1960 directed that thenumber of dependents overseas bereduced by one-third. This orderwas later rescinded on the assuranceby the Department of Defense thatthe serviceman could contribute tothe balance of payments credit inother ways.

To begin with, members and theirdependents overseas have been ask-AII-Navy Cart_n Con ....Michael L Shane, FrGI, USN

..... nd 1023 counts of miMing __ '

ed to trim spending for foreign maoterials to $100 per year per person.In addition, DOD urges familiesto buy only those foreign goods ofnecessity which are not availablethrough exchanges or the U. S. Com-patible with this request, certainforeign products and U. S. goodspreviously unavailable are now stocked in overseas exchanges.Commanders abroad are also hir-ing servicemen for after-hours em-ployment in nonappropriated fundactivities, and dependents for full-time work to the maximum extentpossible.Applying these cost reductionplans is essential if the U. S. is torealize any substantial savings inthe immediate Future. As it standsnow, our military spending overseasincreases daily. This drain on oursavings is primarily due to increasedoperations and maintenance costs,increased military manpower overseas, and increased military construction expenditures, particularly inVietnam.To offset this overseas spending.DOD has outlined these latest programs, and is asking Navymen toconsider their application when as-signed overseas. Allow payment for unused leaveand other allowances to accumulateon the books. Have paychech. (or a portion)mailed to nnancial organizations, forexample, savings bank, savings andloan association or similar organization, and federal or state-chartered credit unions (checks drawn ondepositary banks are excluded). Increase, as applicable, theamount of allotments sent to financial establishments or dependentsupon qualification for certain classesof special and incentive pay, Join U. S.-sponsored creditunions and share in their savingsprograms. Buy U. S. Savings Bonds. Buy American products at U. S.exchanges and commissaries.

Patronize the United States service clubs and messes.AU. HANDS

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Duty-Free MerchandiseMerchandise manufactured inthe United States and purchasedin any port or base exchange overseas may be returned to the UnitedStates on a duty-free basis.When mailing a duty-free item,the Exchange Service customermust add the words "ReturnedU. S. Merchandise" on the U. S.customs forms.The proper customs forms areavailable in all base and ship postoffices.Another savings program signedinto law in August guarantees an aU-time high rate of 10 per cent interest

to investors in the Savings DepositProgram, formerly known as theSoldiers, Sailors, and Airmen DepositFund Accounts. This applies solelyto those persons overseas. Officersare now eligible to participate in thenew Savings Deposit Program.Many of these programs mentioned, which have been pu t into practice, show favorable saving results.But, according to the Navy'sfinancial managers, it's the impactof voluntary savings by individualswhich will reveal whether or notthe Department of the Navy meetsthis year's goal.In other words, it's up to theNavyman to help fill the gap andbring our credit up in the balanceof payments deficit. This effort notonly will benefit the Navy but alsothe individual as well.For an insight into the savingsprograms listed above, refer to thesefour major instmctions and notices; SecNav Inst 5381.3 NavCompt Inst 7200.12 SecNav Notice 7220 of 28 Mar1966 NavCompt Notice 7220 of 19May 1966.13,000 Dives for PiperThe crew of the submarine ussPiper (SS 409) claims she is thediving champ of active duty submarines.Piper recorded her 13,OOOth diveon 26 July. At last count the totalwas 13,120. She was commissionedin 1944.According to Piper crewmembers,the highest number of dives recorded in the Submarine Library ofNOVEMBER '966

the U.S. Naval Submarine Base,New London, is 13,851. This recordis held by uss Sarda (SS 488 ) .Sarda, however, was decommissioned in 1964.World CruiseHome after a seven-month,around-the-world cruise are Destroyer Divisions 121 and 122, homeported in Newport, R. 1.On the last leg of their journeyfrom the Western Pacific, the eightships transited the Suez Canel andmade a midsummer visit to Athens,Greece.After this shore leave, DesDiv

121, consisting of destroyers ussDavis (DD 937), Basilone (DD824), Fiske (DD 842), and theradar picket destroyer Dyess (DDR-880), proceeded to make port Barcelona, Spain.At the same time, the destroyersof DesDiv 122, uss Richard E. Kraus(DD 849), Maisey (DD 778), Fred

T. Berry (DD 585), and the radarpicket destroyer Stickell (DDR888), journeyed to Palma, Majorca.The divisions' last Mediterraneanport-of-call was Gibraltar where thedestroyers stopped briefly for fuel.They then traveled on to Newport,completing their global cmise.

N O W H E R E 'S THIS

Existence DoubtfulOn . would think that 0 Moun .. n i. .1 .....

....... or it i .. t there. You go to the plocewhere it '. ouppoud to be. ond you opon your.V'" End of orgu_nt .

lut. if the reported Moun .. n i. 0" undo"MMoun .. n. ond vou ore 0 hydrogropher tryingto chort thot .oction of the _no VOU _yhovo probl ._ .

Th-.. .eamounts, as submariu Mountain. ar .coiled. ore octuolly vo .. .nic pHk. rising fro ..the 11_ of the _n but not quit. reochingthe .urfoce. (I f they di d rooch tho to p of tho_ t o r they would, of cou.... be i.lond.. orotoll.

Obviou.ly, __ nn or e potentiol hozord... . .hipping. In th e 00_ wo v lcoberg. aro.Fortunatoly. sinco th e __ nn don't _ .a r _ d l ik. icobe.. . thov can be occur_lycharted. Or con they?Periodlcolly. _he an t ". . . . . oolling ___ I on . . heave reported tho ."i. tonc. of theseundorwCltor obotoel.. wh.re onlV d_p oeMnwator had pro"io""ly . . . .n recorded.

Thon. wh." ocoonogrophic .u .. .v .him oro.ent out to ch.... on the __ nn . they findnothing.A . . . . . . . . ompl. of 0 "phon_" __ ti. tho ORO reported in July 1948 by tho __chont .hip SS A",orico" $couto Tho .hip. por. _ . 1 placocl their fotho_tor In opero"" afternoling on un_I g. . . color in tho wotor.Thi. wo. obout 600 . . lo . _t of Newfou .....lond, in on ...... _i_IV chearted 0. doopwot.r. Th. i n d r u _ indicotod ohollow __

Other _rehont_n hod reported 0 .i . lorphonomonon in obout tho 00_ aroo. ThoNovol Oceonogrophic 0ftIc0 _ _ of theirhighl, in.tru .. .nted _nogroph ic .hips toc . .. k ou t thi. undorwotor ...oun .. n. Thoyfound nothing but Miloo of wotor ov_ arolling oeMn t t - . Not .v .n on und_ t o r... olohill.

lu t thoy did find .chooh of fi.h and other_ i n o life do . . . . th e .urfoco. Evidently. till.wa. wheat hod been _ on d recorded by th e_rehontMon. A school of tl.h will retum . .echo to tho .ounding . . . . , thu. _n l i n g It-.. f CIS the ocoon t t - .

Ev.n if tho hydrographer find. no __in tho reported oroo. h in ho t 0 prObI_. Ifhe r ." ,o"" tho hcazard fro... the noulicol chort.h . c.uld be .ndongering _y liv... Suppo . .fo r in .. ._. thot the morchon_n who . . .ported the _mount woo 0 littlo . . . in hhnCIYigotion. ond the huord roollv Ii.. a fewMil.. from the reported poooition? It would bebettor. in thot co.. to ho". at 1_ .0_Indicolion on th e chort thot th e oreo couldbe dongo_ .

Thorefore. tho hvdrogropher, foced witlo apot.ntial diSCI".r .hould h . fail to motk in 0quo.lionobl. 'M ..ount. i_i ..blv indicato. thehozord on the chort. ond then __ In "Exl ._ Doubtfvl."

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== TilE .ULLET'" ."Aa.I Rating Control RoundupTHE RATING CONTROL people havea few words of counsel for boilermen this month and a special message for E8s aiid E-9s in the SP,BT and MM ratings.

Volunteers for Class "B" BoilermanSchool-The Class "B" boilermanscbool at Philadelpbia needs volunteers. Its capacity has recently beenexpanded to accommodate 600 BTsper year in an I8-week course. Atpresent, there are some vacancies.This school provides an excellenttheoretical and practical backgroundin the operation and maintenance offossil-fueled stearn generating plants,with emphasis on the 1200-psi design.l i you show aptitude in the Class"B" school, you may be selected forseven weeks' advanced training inautomatic combustion control devices, or six weeks in pressure-firedboilers, or both, depending uponcurrent requirements.At the present time, students areordered to the Class uB' school on atemporary-instruction basis, whichmeans that you will be reimbursedfor only one move for your dependents and household goods.

I f you are rotating from shore tosea, or are completing an enlistment,you are urged to apply for thisschooling. l i you don't fall into eitherof these categories, you will have totake your chances on acceptance.Sea/Shore Rotations of BTCSs,

MMCSs and SPCMs-Based upon thecurrent distribution of billets between the sea and shore categories,it was anticipated that BTCSs andSPCMs would serve 48 months inassignments designated as sea dutyand 24 months in assignments designated as shore duty.The establishmen