“Alexandru cel Bun” School,

Iasi, Romania

Burlacu Ionut-Mihai

Al-Mousa KaisVIII-th Grade

a) General data:

• Chemical symbol :

• Z=1 => 1p+, 1e-(single proton, single electron), first element in the periodic table

the atomic weight is: A = Z + n0 => n0=A-Z=

=1-1=0

Electronic configuration:

• Isotopes of hydrogen:

-light hydrogen (protium) {1p+, 1e-, 0n0

-heavy hydrogen (deuterium) {1p+, 1e-, 1n0

-very heavy hydrogen (tritium) {1p+, 1e-, 2n0

• Formation of the H2 molecule

MH2 = 2AH = 2•1 = 2g/mol

1 mol H2 = 6,023•1023 molecule H2

Single covalent bonds

or

b) Manufacture ways

a. Reaction between alkaline metals and water.

2Na + 2H-OH => 2NaOH + H2↑

Sodium Water Sodium hydroxide

Hydrogen

b. Reaction between alkaline earth metals and

water.

Ca + 2H-OH => Ca(OH)2 + H2↑

Calcium Water Calcium hydroxide

Hydrogen

c. Reaction between active metals and acids

Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2↑

Magnesium Chlorhydric acid Magnesium Hydrogen chloride

d. Electronic decomposition

2 H2O ======> 2 H2 + O2

Water Hydrogen Oxigen

d) Physical properties of H2

• gas;

• 14,45 lighter than air;• colourless,• odorless,• tasteless,• Diffuses through porous surfaces • insoluble in water and soap solution.

e) Chemical properties of H2

* H2 burns with an explosion, but does not sustain burning.

it is considered the fuel of the future as it does not pollute the air:

H2 + O2 => H2O

* H2 – reaction with other non-metals

2

1

Cl2S

CN2

Reaction with Halogens:

H2 + Cl2 => 2HCl

Hydrogen Chlorine Chlorhydric Acid

Reaction with Sulphur:

H2 + S => H2S

Hydrogen Sulphur Hydrogen sulphide

3H2 + N2 => 2NH3

Hydrogen Nitrogen Ammonia

2H2 + C => CH4

Hydrogen Carbon Methane

* Reaction with metallic oxides:

H2 + HgO => H2O + Hg↓

Hydrogen Mercury oxide Water Mercury

* Reaction with non-metallic oxides

H2 + CO2 => H2O + C↓

Hydrogen Carbon dioxide Water carbon (black)

2H2 + SO2 => 2H2O + S↓

Hydrogen Sulphur dioxide Water Sulphur(yellow)

e) Use:

-laboratory synthesis;

- Industrial synthesis;

- hydrogenating organic substances;

- obtaining metals;

- cutting and welding metals;

-fuel for the future.

THE ENDTHE END

Thank you for watching!Thank you for watching!