al- qabisi, al- ghazali, ibn- khuldun
TRANSCRIPT
METHODS OF TEACHING ISLAMIC EDUCATION 1 (EDC 4306)
GROUP MEMBERS:
NUR AFRAH BT MUHAMAD SHUKRI (0917384)
NURSHAZANA BT MOHD RASHID (0916164)
Methods of Teaching & the Process of Inquiry According to Muslim Thinkers
AL- QABISI AL- GHAZALI
IBN KHALDUN
AL- QABISI
BACKGROUND
Abu al-Hassan Ali bin Muhammad bin Khalaf al- Muafiri al Qairawani.
Al Qabisi was taken from the word Qabis, the name of a town in Tunisia.
born in 935 in Qairawan. He was born in the light of science (‘ilm) and
literature.He has learned from many scholars of his day and
he was so interested to study and analyze.- it give impact and influence on his thinking, approach, method (manhaj).
DIVISION OF THE SUBJECT
BASIC KNOWLEDGE
AL- QUR’AN
FIQH
AKHLAK
WRITING, SPELLING, AND
READING
ARABIC LANGUAGE
NON- BASIC KNOWLEDGE
MATHEMATICS
HISTORY
Methods of teaching and the process of inquiry
Talqin and memorization students repeat what the teacher say until they
can remember. teacher did not have to explain the meaning. differ to the modern techniques that emphasize
on the understanding to facilitate memorization.
INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP TECHNIQUE
Teachers need to choose between the two techniques either group or individual based on the preparation and conditions of students.
Al-Qabisi emphasis on the combination of both techniques.
Student participation in educational process
participation of students in class such as teacher appoints a student to teach the subjects.
give opportunities to the students to teach what he understood. This technique can improve their understanding of a topic.
Qudwah
لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة لمن كان يرجوا الله واليوم األخر وذكرالله كثيرا (األحزاب :
21(It is a good approach in changing
student behavior.
AL- GHAZALI
Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Tusi.
He was born in 450 H (1058) in Tus, Khurasan (in present- day Iran).
His father was a wool spinner (ghazzal) and thus, relative to this profession, al-Ghazali acquired this name.
He was an Islamic theologian, jurist, philosopher, cosmologist, psychologist, and mystic of Persia origin.
One of the most popular book: Ihya’ Ulum Ad- Din
- al-Subki, Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyyah al-Kubra, vol. VI, pp. 191-193
BACKGROUND
METHODS OF TEACHING ACCORDING TO IMAM AL- GHAZALI
COMPARATIVE METHOD
HALAQAH METHOD
DEMONSTRATION METHOD
DIALOGUE AND DISCUSSION METHODS
COMPARATIVE METHOD
- Used in teaching and discussion
- To prove the truth and belief in his work
i.e: in the book ihya ulum al- din, he explains the differences of opinion
among scholars about the advantages and
disadvantages of akhlak.
- According to Hassan Basri, good akhlak is a
sweet face (manis muka), to give
strength, and prevent pain.
- According to al- Wasiti, good akhlak is do not quarrel with
others.
HALAQAH METHOD
- A student in a semi- circle around their teacher to listen to lectures.
- i.e: Al- Ghazali has established a school near his home and he
implementing the halaqah method.
HALAQAH METHOD
- Inculcating Islamic education on children, Al- Ghazali began to imitate, which pointed the way (demonstration),
followed by believing, and strengthen the evidences, reading the Quranic versus, and explaining the content
and meaning. i.e: demonstrate how to perform solah, tayammum, and
etc
DEMONSTRATION METHOD
DIALOGUE & DISCUSSION METHODS
- To deepen an understanding of
knowledge- Sharpen the brain &
strengthen the opinion
- To built a self- confidence and provide
opportunities for students to talk
i.e: question and answer session
DIALOGUE & DISCUSSION METHODS
According to Al- Ghazali, a good teacher must have sympathy on his students and treat them like his own children. The teacher should follow the example of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w), and seek no reward for teaching the students except to seek the good pleasure of Allah (s.w.t). The teacher must teach the students according to their mental capacity, and should avoid teaching anything that is beyond his comprehension. Finally, the teacher must practice what he preaches/ teaches.
IBN KHALDUN
Background
• His full name is Abu Zayd ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad b. Khaldun al-Hidrami.
• He was born in Tunis, 1332 AD and died in Cairo, 1406 AD.
• He also recognized as the founder of sociological sciences.
• His great work of art, the Muqaddimah has been translated into the world’s most common language.
BASIC TEACHING
Gradually Detail Comprehensive
METHODS OF TEACHING
Talqin
Muhakah (Taqlid)
Repetition
Two Subjects should not be Taught Together
-One should not pass on to another subject while the first remains incomplete.
Students should not be forced to memorize.
Teacher should not overload students with lessons beyond their capabilities and capacities.
Should not very strict to the students
especially students at the young ageThis will drive the child to misbehavior
Education should be PracticalEmphasis on the importance of
practical application such as to observe, to feel and to apply the knowledge gained as much as possible.
REFERENCES
1) Ahmad Mohd Salleh. (2004). Pendidikan Islam: Falsafah, sejatah, dan kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.
2) Al- Na’miy , Abdullah al- Amin. (1994). Kaedah dan teknik pengajaran menurut ibn khuldun dan al- qabisi. Penterjemah: Mohd. Romzi Omar. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
3) al-Subki, Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyyah al-Kubra, vol. VI, pp. 191-193
4) Fahri Kayadibi, Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Pendidikan, Ibn Khaldun and Education, vol 13, No.2, 2008