akam engo431 samplequestions ch1!4!2008

8/13/2019 AKAM ENGO431 SampleQuestions Ch1!4!2008

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ENGO431 AYMAN HABIB

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ENGO 431 Sample Questions: Chapters 1-4

Chapter 1: Introduction to Photogrammetry

1. What is the core conceptual difference between the traditional and contemporarydefinitions of photogrammetry as discussed in the course notes?

2. What is the objective of photogrammetry? List some of its fields of application.3. What is the difference between metric photogrammetry and interpretative

photogrammetry?

4. What are the basic differences between an image and a map?5. Can you reconstruct object space from a single photograph? Illustrate your answer using

simple sketches.

6. What is the advantage of constructing object space from block adjustment as opposed tostereo-processing?

7. What are the main differences between analogue and digital imagery? Discuss topics likeadvantages, media, coordinate systems, sources of imagery, hardware etc.

8. What are the requirements for 3-D viewing of 2-D imagery?9. What are the different techniques for stereo 3-D viewing? What are the requirements for

each method?

10.List the necessary tools required to carry out photogrammetric activities.11.How is orthogonal projection different from perspective projection? Use sketches to

illustrate your answer.

12.What are the general components of a camera? How are these components different formetric and amateur cameras?

13.What is the typical dimension of the portion of the negative within the focal plane of anaerial mapping camera?

14.What is the typical overlap and side-lap between images within a block? What is themotivation behind repeated coverage of the same area on the ground?

15.What is meant by digital photogrammetry? What are the ultimate objectives and maindifficulties addressed by digital photogrammetric research?

16.What are the main problems complicating the automatic identification of conjugate pointsin overlapping images?

Chapter 2: Electro-Magnetic Radiation

17.List the major wavebands of the EM radiation. Which one is used in photogrammetry?


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37.What is the conceptual difference between physical and geometric optics?38.Explain the issues addressed by the law of reflection.39.Explain the issues addressed by the law of refraction.40.What is the significance of the critical angle?41.Compute the critical angle for a light ray given the following indices of refraction: glass

= 1.550 and air = 1.000. Clearly state any assumptions used in your formulation.

42.A light ray enters glass, whose refractive index is 1.535, from air, whose refractive indexis 1.0005, at an angle of 48

o27'. What is the angle of refraction?

43.Define the following terms: Nodal points, focal points, and focal length.44.What is the paraxial region and why is it of interest to us?45.Classify the manifestations and the causes of various lens aberrations.46.What are the differences between aberrations and distortions?47.What are the causes of radial lens distortion? List two of its characteristics. Use sketchesto illustrate your answer.48.What causes de-centering lens distortion? Sketch a representative example of such

distortion.

49.Define the resolving power of an imaging system. List the factors that affect it.50.What is meant by the depth of field and depth of focus? What are the factors that affect

both of them? How can they be improved for a given camera?

51.What property does Snells law measure? Why is it important in photogrammetry?52.An aerial camera makes an exposure at a shutter speed of 1/1,000 sec. If the aircraft

speed is 500 miles per hour, how far will the aircraft travel during the exposure?

53.Although IMC (Image Motion Compensation) can enhance image detail, some imageblurring could exist. Why?

54.An aerial camera with IMC is used to acquire photography at a flying height of 5200 mabove ground. The focal length is 153.15 mm. The aircraft is flying at 325 km/hr and anexposure time of 1/250 second is used. How far across the focal plane must film travel

during the exposure in order to obtain an image with no image motion blurring?

Chapter 4: Film Development

55.What are the basic differences between negative, inverse, and positive films?56.What are the parts and the function of each part of a B/W photographic film? Use a

sketch to explain your answer.

57.What are the main differences between negative and diapositive B/W films?58.Explain with sketches the steps for developing a B/W negative film.59.Explain the steps for developing a B/W inverse film.


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60.What do we mean by primary colors?61.What are the results of mixing only two of the primary colors? List all arrangements.62.To filter out the blue color, what is the color of the used filter? Red color? Green color?63.Explain with sketches the steps for developing a color negative film.64.Explain with sketches the steps for developing a color inverse film.65.List the sensitometric properties of the emulsion used in films. Explain each property.66.Using an illustrative sketch, explain how the gradation of an emulsion is calculated. In a

tabular form, list the different emulsion gradations and their properties.

67.What is meant by the following terms; Resolving power and Dynamic range?68.What are the factors that affect the resolving power of analogue cameras? Digital

cameras?

69.What is the major difference between digital and analogue cameras? List two advantagesof each camera over the other.

70.Compare the resolving power and dynamic range of analogue and digital cameras used inaerial photogrammetry.

71.How are the images formed in line cameras? What is the major advantage of such sensor?72.Although amateur digital frame cameras can have superior dynamic range and

comparable geometric resolution to that of analogue metric cameras, still they are not

considered suitable for photogrammetric applications. Explain the reasons behind this

statement.

73.What is the dynamic range of an 8 bits/pixel B/W digital camera?74.

What is the dynamic range of a 24 bits/pixel color digital camera?

75.What is meant by the geometric resolution of an imaging system?76.What is meant by the radiometric resolution of an imaging system?77.What is meant by the spectral resolution of an imaging system?78.What is the expected shape of an object space straight line in the image space of a frame

camera? Why?

79.What is the expected shape of an object space straight line in the image space of a linecamera? Why?

80.What are the alternative methodologies for stereo-coverage in line cameras?

akam engo431 samplequestions ch1!4!2008

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