ajay k jha
TRANSCRIPT
Food-Water-Energy Nexus Climate Change Adaptation
& Sustainable Livelihood
Dr. Ajay K Jha [email protected]
Global Issues
• Water and sanitation for billions
• Agriculture uses vast quantities of water
• Large scale water transfers
• Small farm rely food production using Irrigation
• Reclamation projects have great influence
• Irrigation return flow affects WQ
• Farm and city cooperation is possible
• Farm policy and water policy are linked
Understanding Nexus
• Where and how these three systems interconnect?
• Water and energy: produce food for billions
• Energy used for moving water, and clean up the water and sending down the drain
• Water is required to run power plants and to produce oil, gas and coal
• Some food crops are turned into fuel for vehicles
U.S. Status: Water, Energy, and Food
Example:
• Water nourishes corn
• Corn is used for ethanol and food
• Ethanol competes with food for corn
• Policy to promote ethanol impacts food, energy, and water
Food
Water
Energy
Natural systems
+ Infrastructure
Society Economy
Health Prosperity
• Natural systems plus infrastructure provide water • Water is essential for food and energy production • Food, energy and water nourish society and the environment • Food, energy and water create health and prosperity • Food and energy impact water and natural systems
Nexus: System Interactions
FIGURE 1. FRAMEWORK SUGGESTED FOR THE BONN2011 NEXUS CONFERENCE: THE WATER, ENERGY AND FOOD SECURITY NEXUS Source: Hoff, 2011.
Climate Change
Competing Uses for Limited
Water Supply
Recreation Municipal and
Industrial
Agriculture
The vulnerability of Agriculture to Climate Change
Courtesy: http://agricbiz.com/farming/challenges/the-vulnerability-of-agriculture-to-climate-change/
Western U.S. Irrigation
Colorado Historic Average Annual Stream Flows
(acre feet)
YAMPA
WHITE NORTH FORK
REPUBLICAN
McELMO
CONEJOS
GUNNISON
COLORADO
1,656,000
590,100
4,632,000
421,600
1,143,000
419,300
316,900 119,900
37,750
37,950 26,100
680,500 179,000 469,600
+
301,400 64,400
239,400
328,400
659,800
399,500
154,800
601,000
174,100
222,400
956,400
337,200
556,200
301,400
274,100
1,896,000
127,500
32,400
317,800 98,700
52,570
49,860
163,200 89,920
725,400
532,900
912,500
419,900
334,800
46,480 487,300
230,500
185,200
408,900
32,280
13,980
68,100
19,500 HUERFANO
29,620
24,970
33,760
55,400 86,700
61,400
128,000
277,600
226,800
420,200
928,100
269,500 100,700
674,800
161,300
51,320 29,280
155,400
6
5
2
1
3 4
7
573,100
282,00
0
2,843,000
337,900
57,740 89,990
EA
ST
TO
WA
RD
AT
LA
NT
IC O
CE
AN
1
,47
8,0
00
af
WE
ST
TO
WA
RD
PA
CIF
IC O
CE
AN
9
,24
8,0
00
af
TOTAL LEAVING COLORADO 10,726,000 af
ROARING
FORK
EAGLE
BLUE
TOMICHI
94,180
Water Use
in the
Western US
Increased Water
Demand by Basins &
Estimated Acres Lost
Basin Anticipated Population
Growth
Additional Water Needed
(ac ft.)
Total Irrigated Acres in Basin
Estimated Loss of
Irrigated Acres
South Platte
+ 65% 409,700 1,000,500 179,500
Arkansas + 55% 98,000 538,100 47,500
Rio Grande
+ 35% 4,300 632,700 80,000
Source: Colorado Water Conservation Board, SWSI Executive Summary
State
Engineer
CO Dept. of Public Health and Environment
(CDPHE) Denver Water Dept.
Denver Metro
Reclamation
CDPHE
CDPHE
State Engineer
Northern
Water
Examples of the institutional water map in Colorado
Water Footprint
Water-borne Diseases
Production and Processing
Systems
Food
Systems
Health
Status
Contamination
•Microbial
•Chemical
•Toxic Metals
Energy and
Nutrient
Balance
Growth Retardation
Reduced Disease Resistance
Anemia
Blindness
Chronic Diseases
Food Safety
Water Safety
Sanitation
Hygiene
Food/Feed Systems
and Human Health
Toxins and Allergens
Zoonotic Pathogens
Drugs and Medicinal Plants
Occupational Hazards
HIV/AIDS
Indoor Air Pollution
Water use efficiency and
small farm irrigation
Food/Nutrition & Human Health
Energy use efficiency and
alternate sources
Food, Water, Energy Nexus
Climate Adaption Strategies
Integrated Climate Adaptation
Nepal Gandaki River Basin (GRB) Project
• Climate change (temp, ppt,
drought) assessment for
vulnerability
• Demonstration of smart and
proven technologies for climate
change adaptation, water
efficiency
• Adaptive capacity
enhancement of stakeholders
• Policy recommendation by
engaging scientific, govt., civil
society and enterprise.
Soil and water conservation – demonstration • Drip and furrow irrigation for fodder yield • Legume and cereal crops – intercropping • Drought resilient fodder species • Weather stations –temp, ppt and RH • Farmer’s and local stakeholder
engagement
Building Climate Resiliency
Water Efficiency
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
DripFurrow
Flood
Water Applied (m3)
Yield
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DripFurrow
Flood
1 mt. High Wooden shaft
Recycle and Re-use industry
Urban Farming Around the World City dwellers cultivate and provide fresh, organic produce to neighbors, friends and customers
Jha-Dinntek_Sage_2012 30
Sun to Sateliite Region
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 1
Partner Center for Advanced Studies in Water
PCASW
Sustainable Solution
• Multi-disciplinary/multi-thronged and stakeholder driven
• Need of new generation of educators, researchers and innovators
• An innovative and collaborative platform for developing technologies, sharing knowledge and data for adoption of best practices and methods : Co-Design-Co-Create and Co-Implement and Co-Assess the impact
• Optimize water use, intensive sustainable food production (climate smart seeds, ag inputs), and efficient energy use Bottom line…. protecting planet and limited natural resources is key otherwise Homo Sapiens extinction is looming around corner!
Points to ponder on the way forward .....
THANK YOU