airbus rnp
TRANSCRIPT
Implementing RNP, Toulouse Implementing RNP, Toulouse October 4 and 5 2005
Airbus RNP Operations
Presented by:
Capt. Michel BRANDTDeputy Vice President FlightOperations Support & Services
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Airbus RNP Operations 2 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
Contents
RNP Enroute and in Terminal Area
RNAV in approach
RNP SAAAR
RNP<0.3 Certification
Operational Evaluation/Approval
International Standardization
Conclusion
RNP RNAV Enroute and in Terminal Area
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Airbus RNP Operations 4 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP Enroute
RNP 10 in oceanic and RNP 10 in oceanic and remote area:remote area:•• With time limitation in IRS ONLY for With time limitation in IRS ONLY for aircraft without GPSaircraft without GPS•• No time limitation with GPSNo time limitation with GPS
RNP Enroute continental:RNP Enroute continental:•• European BEuropean B--RNAV (5 NM accuracy)RNAV (5 NM accuracy)•• US RNAV routes (QUS RNAV routes (Q--routes) 2 NM routes) 2 NM accuracyaccuracy
Q-11
Q-9
Q-13
Q-7Q-1
Q-3
Q-5
Source FAASource FAA
RNP 4 (2) in oceanic and RNP 4 (2) in oceanic and remote area:remote area:•• GPS requiredGPS required
All Airbus with an FMSAll Airbus with an FMScan fly these routescan fly these routes
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Airbus RNP Operations 5 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Terminal Area
RNAV Instrument procedures RNAV Instrument procedures requiring Prequiring P--RNAV Capability RNAV Capability (1 NM accuracy)(1 NM accuracy)
Compliance with JAA TGL 10
US RNAV US RNAV SIDsSIDs and STARSand STARS•• Type A (2 NM accuracy)Type A (2 NM accuracy)•• Type B (1 NM accuracy)Type B (1 NM accuracy)
•• Compliance with Compliance with FAA AC 90 FAA AC 90 --100100
Both TGL 10 and AC 90-100 have Airworthiness and Operational requirements
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Airbus RNP Operations 6 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Terminal Area
All Airbus with an FMSAll Airbus with an FMScomply with the airworthiness comply with the airworthiness requirements of TGL 10 and requirements of TGL 10 and
AC 90AC 90--100100
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Airbus RNP Operations 7 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Terminal Area
The radio navaid infrastructure supports the required Navigation Accuracy level
– It is not the Operator’s duty to verify the adequacy of radio navaid coverage
– Inadequate radio navaid coverage should be notified by NOTAM or on the instrument procedure chart ⇒ GPS required
GPS acceptable if TSO C 129A certified– All Airbus with GPS comply
Single or Dual RNAV system– Single system acceptable, unless flight path below area MSA
or/and (?) no radar coverage (TGL 10)– Should be stated on the instrument procedure chart
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Airbus RNP Operations 8 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Terminal Area
Operational Approval:Aircraft capability
– Stated in the AFM
Crew documentation– OPS Manual based on FCOM– MEL
Crew training– RNAV system knowledge– Briefing on RNP RNAV
Navigation database integrity– Approved database suppliers– Operator’s validation
Navigation Database Navigation Database validation was the main validation was the main challenge to deploy Pchallenge to deploy P--RNAV. RNAV. The main database providers The main database providers are now ED76/D0200A are now ED76/D0200A compliantcompliant
RNAV in approach
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Airbus RNP Operations 10 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in approach
RNAV (GNSS) “Sensor related”
RNP RNAV “Performance related”– RNP 0.3, – Straight final segment
DA as low as 250 ft AGLwith FINAL APP mode (LNAV/VNAV ) guidance
A large part of the Airbus world fleets can A large part of the Airbus world fleets can fly instrument approach procedures fly instrument approach procedures published under ICAO PANS OPS (or published under ICAO PANS OPS (or TERPS) criteria.TERPS) criteria.A lot of destinations could benefit from the A lot of destinations could benefit from the implementation of such procedures.implementation of such procedures.
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Airbus RNP Operations 11 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
The Advantages of RNAV Approaches
[RW27]
[RW27]
-3°
FAFFACF
IF TF TF
DADA
FACF [MAP]
[MAP]
-3°
FAF
IF CF CF
MDAMDA
SDF
•• Approach on runway axisApproach on runway axis•• Final descent at a constant Flight Path Angle to a DAFinal descent at a constant Flight Path Angle to a DA•• Stabilized approach leading 50 ft above runway thresholdStabilized approach leading 50 ft above runway threshold•• Accuracy of navigationAccuracy of navigation
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Airbus RNP Operations 12 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
[RW27]
[RW27]
-3°
FAFFACF
IF TF TF
• All Airbus with an FMS and GPS are capable to fly such RNAV Approaches
The Advantages of RNAV Approaches
• All Airbus with FMS 2 can fly in addition RF legs
Since mid-80’s, Airbus promotes a constant slope NPA rather than step-down (“dive and drive”) proceduresThis is in line with the CDFA concept (NPA OPS-41)
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Airbus RNP Operations 13 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Approach - Operational Approval
Generic Approval for RNP 0.3 RNAV or RNAV(GNSS) (PANS OPS)
Crew Procedures– FCOM SOP
Dispatch RequirementsCrew Training– Briefing on RNP RNAV– Navigation system knowledge (known by all Airbus pilots)– Use of RNAV navigation system (known by all Airbus pilots)
Training on FINAL APP modeDocumentation updateNavigation Database Integrity
Navigation Database Navigation Database validation by the Operators validation by the Operators must be clarified by EASA must be clarified by EASA AMC 20 XZAMC 20 XZ
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Airbus RNP Operations 14 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNAV in Approach
It is now time to take benefit of Airbus aircraft RNAV capabilities in approach“PANS OPS” straight in RNP 0.3 RNAV or RNAV(GNSS) approaches can easily be implemented:
Deletion of circling proceduresDeletion of “old style” NPAsAccess to new destinations
RNP SAAAR
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Airbus RNP Operations 16 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP SAAAR - Background
On many destinations, opportunities exist in Approach, and Missed Approach
–For Lower RNP values–For Curved Approaches / Missed Approaches
Opportunities provided to Operators satisfying SAAAR(Special Aircrew and Aircraft Authorization Required)RNP RNAV or Containment Based RNAVprocedures
–Links RNAV airspace design to Aircraft Performance
ROC based on VEBROC based on VEB2 x RNP2 x RNP
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Airbus RNP Operations 17 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP SAAAR - Background
RNP SAAAR benefits:Reduce minimaMore efficient and Predictable Air Traffic Management:
– De-conflicting adjacent airports– Better access to simultaneous parallel runway or converging
runway approaches
Optimize noise abatement procedures in sensitive areas
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Airbus RNP Operations 18 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP<0.3 Single Aisle Certification
To anticipate Airbus customers’ needs:Target RNP 0.1 A318, A319, A320 have been certified for RNP
as low as 0.15 with Honeywell FMS 2Demonstrations are in progress for other
aircraft types and/or FMS vendors
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Airbus RNP Operations 19 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP SAAAR constraints
RNP SAAAR constraints:Operational evaluation of each instrument procedureSpecial flight crew trainingSpecific operational approvalNational Authorities need to approve FAA SAAAR criteria or develop their own criteria
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Airbus RNP Operations 20 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP SAAAR Project
AIRBUSRNAV-RNP< 0.3 Certification with
EASA/FAA
AIRLINEAIRLINEOperational ApprovalOperational Approval
with the support ofwith the support ofAirbus and the Airbus and the
ProcedureProcedureDesignerDesigner
Approach ProcedureApproach ProcedureDesignerDesigner
• Aircraft performance• Fly-ability checks• Flight crew procedures• Crew training • Documentation
• Approach design• Approach charts • Nav. Database coding• Nav. Database integrity• Procedure maintenance
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Airbus RNP Operations 21 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
Operator validation Operator validation andand
Navigation Database Validation
Procedure design
Approved SuppliersApproved Suppliers
Approved SuppliersApproved Suppliers
crew checkcrew check
Charts
FMS
ARINC 424 “master” fileData Supplier
FMS Database Processing Packed Data
Operator validationOperator validationand crew check and crew check
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Airbus RNP Operations 22 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
RNP SAAAR - Airbus Deliverables
RNP 0.3 SAAAR Capability and Operational Compliance Document, or the Airworthiness Compliance Document for RNP<0.3
Aims to be used by Operators to support operational approvalProvides all relevant information for safe operation of RNP SAAAR Summarizes:
– Airworthiness Assessment – Assumptions & Limitations that should be considered in the
operational evaluation– Assumptions & Limitations that should be considered for the
instrument approach procedure design
International StandardisationCurrent Situation and Perspectives
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Airbus RNP Operations 24 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
International standardisation - Current situation and perspectives
Instrument procedures design criteria:ICAO RNP RNAV Procedure (PANS OPS) available for RNP 0.3
- ICAO RNP SORSG meetings:Objective : to standardize a new approach type for RNP < 0.3
Aircraft airworthiness and operational requirements:EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) aims at standardisation across European countries and harmonization with FAA
- AMC20-XZ in progress
AIRBUS intent is to be compliant with AMC 20 XZ
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Airbus RNP Operations 25 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
International standardisation - Current situation and perspectives
Area where EASA-FAA harmonisation is urgently needed:Understanding of the overall safety objectives
– ED75/DO236 Airworthiness Criteria – Use of operational mitigation means to reach the required
objectiveClarification on the line of demarcation between the airworthiness approval and operational approvalMethods for the assessment of operational mitigation meansDemonstration methods for Flight Technical Error assessment
– How the engine failure needs to be taken into account in the performance demonstration
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Airbus RNP Operations 26 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
Conclusions
A large part of the Airbus fleet has the capacity to benefit from cost-effective RNAV(GNSS) or RNP RNAV approach implementation
Airbus is already involved in RNP SAAAR projects with several Airlines
Airbus will anticipate the future developments of RNP RNAV Operations, and other approach and landing means, to optimize the Airbus aircraft capabilities through R&T projects such as Optimal (www.optimal.isdefe.es)
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Airbus RNP Operations 27 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
Conclusions
Deploy in priority P-RNAV and RNAV(GNSS) or RNP 0.3 RNAV straight-in (PAN OPS)
RNP SAAAR (or equivalent) to be used only when an operational benefit can be achieved
Develop ICAO standards similar to SAAAR, harmonized with FAA “Public” SAAAR
Harmonize regulations between Europe and USA
For authorities and airspace administrations:For authorities and airspace administrations:
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Airbus RNP Operations 28 Implementing RNP, October 4-5 2005
Questions ?Questions ?
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