AIR TRANSPORT

OUTLOOK

1st QUARTER

2019

“Be�er Skies for Africa”Release date : August 2019

Global airline industry performance

Airport charges

Airport connec�vity

African countries connec�vity and openness

Fuel price

ANNEX: Glossary

African Airline industry performance January – March 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

7

9

10

13

12

2

The number of Passengers carried by African Airlines for 2018 is 91.99 million. According to

IATA WATS, the RPK and FMTK YoY growth are respec�vely 6.1% and 0.5%.

From January to March 2019, African airlines carried 23.5 million passengers (AFRAA

es�ma�ons).

Airline industry performance

World passenger traffic average growth for the first Quarter of 2019 is around 4.2% compared

to an average of 7.2% in the same period 2018 (ICAO). According to IATA, from January to

March 2019, Europe, La�n America and Asia Pacific have the highest contribu�on to global

traffic growth in respec�ve order. Profitability is also decreasing in the first quarter of 2019 due

to a weak performance in Europe.

African airline traffic evolu�on

1AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Global airline industry performance

Source: ICAO/IATA/OAG

6.1% 7.8% 6.2% 6.4%

5.5%6.3% 6.2%

5.3%

6.5%

5.3%

3.1%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

May

-18

Jun

-18

Jul-1

8

Au

g-1

8

Se

p-1

8

Oct-1

8

No

v-1

8

Dec-1

8

Jan-1

9

Fe

b-1

9

Mar-1

9

YO

Y G

RO

WT

H

RP

K (

BIL

LIO

NS

)

RPK YoY RPK growth

Source: AFRAA / IATA Wa�s

53 53.261

5663

73.876.6 79.5

83.8988.54 91.99

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Mill

ion

s o

f p

asse

ng

ers

Total passengers carried by African airlines (millions)

Global airline industry performance

Airport charges

Airport connec�vity

African countries connec�vity and openness

Fuel price

ANNEX: Glossary

African Airline industry performance January – March 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

7

9

10

13

12

2

The number of Passengers carried by African Airlines for 2018 is 91.99 million. According to

IATA WATS, the RPK and FMTK YoY growth are respec�vely 6.1% and 0.5%.

From January to March 2019, African airlines carried 23.5 million passengers (AFRAA

es�ma�ons).

Airline industry performance

World passenger traffic average growth for the first Quarter of 2019 is around 4.2% compared

to an average of 7.2% in the same period 2018 (ICAO). According to IATA, from January to

March 2019, Europe, La�n America and Asia Pacific have the highest contribu�on to global

traffic growth in respec�ve order. Profitability is also decreasing in the first quarter of 2019 due

to a weak performance in Europe.

African airline traffic evolu�on

1AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Global airline industry performance

Source: ICAO/IATA/OAG

6.1% 7.8% 6.2% 6.4%

5.5%6.3% 6.2%

5.3%

6.5%

5.3%

3.1%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

May

-18

Jun

-18

Jul-1

8

Au

g-1

8

Se

p-1

8

Oct-1

8

No

v-1

8

Dec-1

8

Jan-1

9

Fe

b-1

9

Mar-1

9

YO

Y G

RO

WT

H

RP

K (

BIL

LIO

NS

)

RPK YoY RPK growth

Source: AFRAA / IATA Wa�s

53 53.261

5663

73.876.6 79.5

83.8988.54 91.99

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Mill

ion

s o

f p

asse

ng

ers

Total passengers carried by African airlines (millions)

African Airline industry performance January – March 2019

The average growth rate 2019/2018 is 9.87%. The drop down in March may be explained by

the fact that in 2018, Easter was celebrated in March, involving more traffic in this month,

unlike 2019 where it was held in April.

Passenger Traffic growth YoY in Jan - Mar 2019/2018

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

11.5% 11.3%

6.6%

11.1% 11.1%7.4%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

To/From Africa Within Africa

2AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Passenger traffic growth

-

The average growth rate for the period Jan – March 2019 is 1.04% compared to 2.03% in

2018. The peak month of the 1rst quarter is March.

Passenger Traffic growth MoM in Africa Jan - Mar 2019

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

-5%

-10%

-15%

To/From Africa Within Africa

3%

-1%

Jan-19 Feb19

-9%

-13%

14%

13%

Mar-19

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

Fo r A F R A A A i r l i n e s , t h e

i n te rcon�nenta l t raffic i s

dominant with 42% as most of

the major carriers are members,

carrying an important part of the

intercon�nental traffic. When

considering all African airlines,

the domes�c traffic is the most

important with companies like

Comair, Safair and Mango

airlines, carrying more than 3.43

million passengers on South

African domes�c market in this

first quarter.

African airlines passengers Distribu�on Jan -Mar 2019

AFRAA airlines passengers Distribu�on Jan -Mar 2019

3

Passenger Distribu�on

42%

26%

32%

25%

33%

42%

AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

African Airline industry performance January – March 2019

The average growth rate 2019/2018 is 9.87%. The drop down in March may be explained by

the fact that in 2018, Easter was celebrated in March, involving more traffic in this month,

unlike 2019 where it was held in April.

Passenger Traffic growth YoY in Jan - Mar 2019/2018

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

11.5% 11.3%

6.6%

11.1% 11.1%7.4%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

To/From Africa Within Africa

2AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Passenger traffic growth

-

The average growth rate for the period Jan – March 2019 is 1.04% compared to 2.03% in

2018. The peak month of the 1rst quarter is March.

Passenger Traffic growth MoM in Africa Jan - Mar 2019

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

-5%

-10%

-15%

To/From Africa Within Africa

3%

-1%

Jan-19 Feb19

-9%

-13%

14%

13%

Mar-19

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

Fo r A F R A A A i r l i n e s , t h e

i n te rcon�nenta l t raffic i s

dominant with 42% as most of

the major carriers are members,

carrying an important part of the

intercon�nental traffic. When

considering all African airlines,

the domes�c traffic is the most

important with companies like

Comair, Safair and Mango

airlines, carrying more than 3.43

million passengers on South

African domes�c market in this

first quarter.

African airlines passengers Distribu�on Jan -Mar 2019

AFRAA airlines passengers Distribu�on Jan -Mar 2019

3

Passenger Distribu�on

42%

26%

32%

25%

33%

42%

AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Source: AFRAA

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

Tunisair

Safair

Mango Airline

South African

Kenya airways

Air Algerie

Comair

Royal Air Maroc

Egyptair

Ethiopian

Millions n rsof passe ge

Top 10 african airlines by Passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

Domes�c Intercon�nental Regional

/ Planet Op�mum

3.5

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 domes�c routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

7 of the 10 busiest domes�c routes in Africa are within South Africa showing the strength of

this market. Western Africa is represented with the route Abuja - Lagos.

4

Routes ranking by traffic

African airlines ranking by traffic (Jan - Mar 2019)

AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Cape townJohannesburg

JohannesburgDurban

Abuja Cape townLanseria

Port ElisabethJohannesburg

Cape townDurban

MombasaNairobi

LanseriaDurban

Cairo GeorgeJohannesburgLagos Luxor

5AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Eastern and Southern Africa are performing in terms of regional passenger traffic. WCAF

francophone countries are not represented in this ranking.

This top 5 shows the strength of traffic between North-Africa and Middle-East, par�cularly

from Cairo. Egyptair is the leading carrier on these routes.

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Th

ou

san

ds

of

pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 intercon�nental routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

Jeddah - Cairo - Cairo - Johannesburg -London

Kuwait - Dubai - Khartoum - St-Denis - Paris CDG - Paris Orly -

AlgiersAlgiersParis OrlyJeddahJohannesburgCairoCairo Dubai Riyadh

Top 10 regional routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Harare -Johannesburg

Saint Denis -Mauri�us

Nairobi - Nairobi - Tripoli - Tunis Johannesburg -Gaborone

Khartoum - Lagos - Kigali - Johannesburg -WindhoekEntebbe Addis EntebbeAccraCairo

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

Source: AFRAA

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

Tunisair

Safair

Mango Airline

South African

Kenya airways

Air Algerie

Comair

Royal Air Maroc

Egyptair

Ethiopian

Millions n rsof passe ge

Top 10 african airlines by Passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

Domes�c Intercon�nental Regional

/ Planet Op�mum

3.5

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 domes�c routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

7 of the 10 busiest domes�c routes in Africa are within South Africa showing the strength of

this market. Western Africa is represented with the route Abuja - Lagos.

4

Routes ranking by traffic

African airlines ranking by traffic (Jan - Mar 2019)

AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Cape townJohannesburg

JohannesburgDurban

Abuja Cape townLanseria

Port ElisabethJohannesburg

Cape townDurban

MombasaNairobi

LanseriaDurban

Cairo GeorgeJohannesburgLagos Luxor

5AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Eastern and Southern Africa are performing in terms of regional passenger traffic. WCAF

francophone countries are not represented in this ranking.

This top 5 shows the strength of traffic between North-Africa and Middle-East, par�cularly

from Cairo. Egyptair is the leading carrier on these routes.

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Th

ou

san

ds

of

pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 intercon�nental routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

Jeddah - Cairo - Cairo - Johannesburg -London

Kuwait - Dubai - Khartoum - St-Denis - Paris CDG - Paris Orly -

AlgiersAlgiersParis OrlyJeddahJohannesburgCairoCairo Dubai Riyadh

Top 10 regional routes by passengers carried (AFRAA es�ma�ons)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Harare -Johannesburg

Saint Denis -Mauri�us

Nairobi - Nairobi - Tripoli - Tunis Johannesburg -Gaborone

Khartoum - Lagos - Kigali - Johannesburg -WindhoekEntebbe Addis EntebbeAccraCairo

Source: AFRAA / Planet Op�mum

Johannesburg and Cairo are the busiest airports in Africa, handling respec�vely 287 and 175

flights daily.Addis Ababa and Nairobi are also part of the top ranking carrying more than 5

million passengers every year. The only WCAF airport in this top 10 is Lagos.

Airport Ranking by Passengers Traffic (Jan – Mar 2019)

Source: AFRAA / ACI AFRICA

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 African airports by passengers

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

6AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Johannesburg Cairo Cape Town Addis Casablanca Nairobi Algiers Hurghada Lagos Tunis

From January to March 2019, Nairobi Jomo Kenya�a airport handled more than 85 thousand

tons of freight. Cairo and Johannesburg are following with respec�vely 82 thousand and 78

thousand tons each.

Airport Ranking by Freight Traffic (Jan – Mar 2019)

Source: ACI AFRICA

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Th

ou

san

ds

of

fre

igh

t

Top 10 African airports by Freight

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

Nairobi Cairo Johannesburg Addis Lagos Casablanca Port Harcourt Accra Dakar Algiers

Airport charges Methodology:

A principal African Airports compara�ve study based on a single aircra� type applies to all

.The type of aircra� chosen is the B737, the most popular aircra� type in the region.

Following the applied criteria:

African airports ranking by charges index June 2019

Type

7AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Djibou�

Niamey

Cotonou

Douala/Yaounde

Kinshasa

Dakar

Accra

Entebbe

Bangui

Freetown

Bamako

Malabo

N'djamena

OuagadougouLome

Conakry

Brazzaville

Mauri�us

Abidjan

Libreville

Dzaoudzi

Cairo

Ilha Do Sal

Lagos

Luanda

Lusaka

Saint Denis

Kigali

Dar Es Salaam

Maputo

Nairobi

Mahe Island

Casablanca

Windhoek

Bujumbura

Harare

Banjul

Johannesburg

Khartoum

Lilongwe

Addis Ababa

Tunis

Sao Tome Island

Antananarivo

Gaborone

Algiers

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

Johannesburg and Cairo are the busiest airports in Africa, handling respec�vely 287 and 175

flights daily.Addis Ababa and Nairobi are also part of the top ranking carrying more than 5

million passengers every year. The only WCAF airport in this top 10 is Lagos.

Airport Ranking by Passengers Traffic (Jan – Mar 2019)

Source: AFRAA / ACI AFRICA

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Pas

sen

ge

rs

Top 10 African airports by passengers

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

6AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Johannesburg Cairo Cape Town Addis Casablanca Nairobi Algiers Hurghada Lagos Tunis

From January to March 2019, Nairobi Jomo Kenya�a airport handled more than 85 thousand

tons of freight. Cairo and Johannesburg are following with respec�vely 82 thousand and 78

thousand tons each.

Airport Ranking by Freight Traffic (Jan – Mar 2019)

Source: ACI AFRICA

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Th

ou

san

ds

of

fre

igh

t

Top 10 African airports by Freight

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

Nairobi Cairo Johannesburg Addis Lagos Casablanca Port Harcourt Accra Dakar Algiers

Airport charges Methodology:

A principal African Airports compara�ve study based on a single aircra� type applies to all

.The type of aircra� chosen is the B737, the most popular aircra� type in the region.

Following the applied criteria:

African airports ranking by charges index June 2019

Type

7AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Djibou�

Niamey

Cotonou

Douala/Yaounde

Kinshasa

Dakar

Accra

Entebbe

Bangui

Freetown

Bamako

Malabo

N'djamena

OuagadougouLome

Conakry

Brazzaville

Mauri�us

Abidjan

Libreville

Dzaoudzi

Cairo

Ilha Do Sal

Lagos

Luanda

Lusaka

Saint Denis

Kigali

Dar Es Salaam

Maputo

Nairobi

Mahe Island

Casablanca

Windhoek

Bujumbura

Harare

Banjul

Johannesburg

Khartoum

Lilongwe

Addis Ababa

Tunis

Sao Tome Island

Antananarivo

Gaborone

Algiers

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

Cameroon airports are the most expensive among the main African airports with an index of

1026 which represent 10 �mes the index of Algiers (100), the cheapest. The majority of the

most expensive airports are from west and central Africa with index of 500 and more, that is

around 5 �mes the cheapest. Mauri�us and Abidjan are the closest to the average with an index

of respec�vely 532 and 503.

8AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

332

322

311

308

283

274

238

140

107

100

0 100 200 300 400

Banjul

Johannesburg

Khartoum

Lilongwe

Addis Ababa

Tunis

Sao Tome Island

Antananarivo

Gaborone

Algiers

Top 10 Cheapest African airports June 2019

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Djibou�

Niamey

Cotonou

Douala/Yaounde

Kinshasa

Dakar

Accra

Entebbe

Bangui

Freetown

Top 10 most expensive African airports June 2019

Airport Connec�vity Index

Methodology:

According to OAG methodology, we calculate the total number of all possible connec�ons

between inbound and outbound flights on 7 important African hubs in each region, on a

weekly basis. A�er that we compute an average number of connec�on daily.

The rules selected for the computa�on are as follows:

Single connec�ons only to/from the chosen airports;

Minimum Connec�on Time from OAG table;

Maximum Connec�on Window of 12 hours

Johannesburg OR Tambo have the highest connec�vity index with an average of 39324

possible connec�ons (na�onal and interna�onal) daily within a 12hours window. East Africa

dominant airports is Addis Ababa Bole with 12843 possible connec�ons a day.Abidjan have

the smallest index compara�vely, since it handles a far fewer flights.

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000In

de

x

Airport ranking by connec�vity index

0

Johannesburg Cairo Addis Ababa Casablanca Nairobi Lagos Abidjan

9AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

AIRPORTInbound flights /

Day (average)Outbound flights / Day

(average)Index

Johannesburg

305

447

39324

Cairo

251

325

24331

Addis Ababa

169

254

12843

Casablanca

147

247

10424

Nairobi

148

222

9975

Lagos

90

124

2928

Abidjan 40 54 841

Source: AFRAA / OAG

Cameroon airports are the most expensive among the main African airports with an index of

1026 which represent 10 �mes the index of Algiers (100), the cheapest. The majority of the

most expensive airports are from west and central Africa with index of 500 and more, that is

around 5 �mes the cheapest. Mauri�us and Abidjan are the closest to the average with an index

of respec�vely 532 and 503.

8AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

332

322

311

308

283

274

238

140

107

100

0 100 200 300 400

Banjul

Johannesburg

Khartoum

Lilongwe

Addis Ababa

Tunis

Sao Tome Island

Antananarivo

Gaborone

Algiers

Top 10 Cheapest African airports June 2019

Source: AFRAA / IATA ACIC

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Djibou�

Niamey

Cotonou

Douala/Yaounde

Kinshasa

Dakar

Accra

Entebbe

Bangui

Freetown

Top 10 most expensive African airports June 2019

Airport Connec�vity Index

Methodology:

According to OAG methodology, we calculate the total number of all possible connec�ons

between inbound and outbound flights on 7 important African hubs in each region, on a

weekly basis. A�er that we compute an average number of connec�on daily.

The rules selected for the computa�on are as follows:

Single connec�ons only to/from the chosen airports;

Minimum Connec�on Time from OAG table;

Maximum Connec�on Window of 12 hours

Johannesburg OR Tambo have the highest connec�vity index with an average of 39324

possible connec�ons (na�onal and interna�onal) daily within a 12hours window. East Africa

dominant airports is Addis Ababa Bole with 12843 possible connec�ons a day.Abidjan have

the smallest index compara�vely, since it handles a far fewer flights.

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Ind

ex

Airport ranking by connec�vity index

0

Johannesburg Cairo Addis Ababa Casablanca Nairobi Lagos Abidjan

9AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

AIRPORTInbound flights /

Day (average)Outbound flights / Day

(average)Index

Johannesburg

305

447

39324

Cairo

251

325

24331

Addis Ababa

169

254

12843

Casablanca

147

247

10424

Nairobi

148

222

9975

Lagos

90

124

2928

Abidjan 40 54 841

Source: AFRAA / OAG

African countries connec�vity and openness

According to ICAO, the first des�na�on region of the interna�onal traffic from Africa is

Europe, with more than 40% while Intra-African traffic represent only 27%. From January to

March 2019, the regional traffic represented only 26% of African carriers opera�ons. While

the African Union is se�ng up the African passport, it is important that airlines develop more

intra-African des�na�ons.

Among the 55 countries in the African con�nent, only 8 have direct flights to more than 20 African

countries. Ethiopia and Kenya lead with more than 30 direct flights to other countries within Africa.

However, the intra – African connec�vity remains poor with countries like Lesotho or Swaziland which are

only connected to South Africa in terms of air transport.

10AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

The table above represent the percentage of direct connec�ons exis�ng between all the

countries within a region or toward another African region in rela�on to the total number of

possible connec�ons. While intra-connec�vity is rela�vely high in Northern and western Africa

(more than 50%), we can see that connec�vity across is remains poor. The highest rate is

between Northern and western Africa with only 36%.Southern Africa is the less connected

with other regions, par�cularly with the Northern (only 3%).

38

34

27

24

23

23

21

21

17

17

17

16

16

15

14

Ethiopia

Kenya

Morocco

South Africa

Cote…

Togo

Nigeria

Senegal

Benin

Ghana

Rwanda

Egypt

Mali

Tanzania

Cameroon

Top 15 countries by african des�na�ons

Percentage of direct connec�ons between regions

Northern Africa

Southern Africa

Western Africa

Central Africa

Eastern Africa

Northern Africa

53%

3%

36%

18%

12%Southern Africa

42%

5%

8%

20%

Western Africa 52% 25% 10%

Central Africa 44% 15%Eastern Africa 38%

Source: AFRAA / OAG

In terms of Visa openness within, more and more countries are opening their borders to others

African countries. Seychelles and Benin are totally Visa-free. Visa on arrival is now adopted by

21 countries across Africa. However, the openness remains week as 53% of travels within

Africa s�ll require Visa.

11AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Source: AFRAA / AFDB

0

0

0

1

0

0

3

6

6

7

7

5

9

9

10

10

13

14

14

14

15

15

16

16

15

16

17

17

18

13

19

15

21

16

22

22

17

0

0

2

0

0

28

8

9

15

14

18

17

18

27

23

53

53

0

0

1

1

5

7

3

0

0

0

0

7

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

1

0

12

2

11

0

11

0

0

10

53

53

49

53

53

0

45

44

37

39

32

36

34

21

30

0

0

53

53

52

51

48

46

47

47

47

46

46

41

44

44

43

42

40

39

39

39

38

38

37

37

36

37

36

35

35

28

32

27

32

26

31

31

26

0

0

2

0

0

25

0

0

1

0

3

0

1

5

0

0

0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Equatorial GuineaLibya

SudanEritreaEgypt

South SudanCongo Democra�c

AlgeriaBurundi

CameroonSao Tome and Principe

CongoGabon

MoroccoAngola

ChadNamibia

Central AfricaLiberia

TogoLesotho

South AfricaEswa�ni

GhanaSierra Leone

TanzaniaBotswana

NigeriaNiger

ZambiaMali

MalawiCote d'IvoireBurkina Faso

GuineaTunisia

ZimbabweComorosDjibou�Ethiopia

MadagascarSomaliaGambia

MauritaniaMozambique

Cape VerdeGuinea-Bissau

KenyaRwandaUganda

Mauri�usSenegal

BeninSeychelles

African countries openess July 2019

No Visa

Visa on arrival

Visa

African countries connec�vity and openness

According to ICAO, the first des�na�on region of the interna�onal traffic from Africa is

Europe, with more than 40% while Intra-African traffic represent only 27%. From January to

March 2019, the regional traffic represented only 26% of African carriers opera�ons. While

the African Union is se�ng up the African passport, it is important that airlines develop more

intra-African des�na�ons.

Among the 55 countries in the African con�nent, only 8 have direct flights to more than 20 African

countries. Ethiopia and Kenya lead with more than 30 direct flights to other countries within Africa.

However, the intra – African connec�vity remains poor with countries like Lesotho or Swaziland which are

only connected to South Africa in terms of air transport.

10AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

The table above represent the percentage of direct connec�ons exis�ng between all the

countries within a region or toward another African region in rela�on to the total number of

possible connec�ons. While intra-connec�vity is rela�vely high in Northern and western Africa

(more than 50%), we can see that connec�vity across is remains poor. The highest rate is

between Northern and western Africa with only 36%.Southern Africa is the less connected

with other regions, par�cularly with the Northern (only 3%).

38

34

27

24

23

23

21

21

17

17

17

16

16

15

14

Ethiopia

Kenya

Morocco

South Africa

Cote…

Togo

Nigeria

Senegal

Benin

Ghana

Rwanda

Egypt

Mali

Tanzania

Cameroon

Top 15 countries by african des�na�ons

Percentage of direct connec�ons between regions

Northern Africa

Southern Africa

Western Africa

Central Africa

Eastern Africa

Northern Africa

53%

3%

36%

18%

12%Southern Africa

42%

5%

8%

20%

Western Africa 52% 25% 10%

Central Africa 44% 15%Eastern Africa 38%

Source: AFRAA / OAG

In terms of Visa openness within, more and more countries are opening their borders to others

African countries. Seychelles and Benin are totally Visa-free. Visa on arrival is now adopted by

21 countries across Africa. However, the openness remains week as 53% of travels within

Africa s�ll require Visa.

11AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Source: AFRAA / AFDB

0

0

0

1

0

0

3

6

6

7

7

5

9

9

10

10

13

14

14

14

15

15

16

16

15

16

17

17

18

13

19

15

21

16

22

22

17

0

0

2

0

0

28

8

9

15

14

18

17

18

27

23

53

53

0

0

1

1

5

7

3

0

0

0

0

7

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

1

0

12

2

11

0

11

0

0

10

53

53

49

53

53

0

45

44

37

39

32

36

34

21

30

0

0

53

53

52

51

48

46

47

47

47

46

46

41

44

44

43

42

40

39

39

39

38

38

37

37

36

37

36

35

35

28

32

27

32

26

31

31

26

0

0

2

0

0

25

0

0

1

0

3

0

1

5

0

0

0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Equatorial GuineaLibya

SudanEritreaEgypt

South SudanCongo Democra�c

AlgeriaBurundi

CameroonSao Tome and Principe

CongoGabon

MoroccoAngola

ChadNamibia

Central AfricaLiberia

TogoLesotho

South AfricaEswa�ni

GhanaSierra Leone

TanzaniaBotswana

NigeriaNiger

ZambiaMali

MalawiCote d'IvoireBurkina Faso

GuineaTunisia

ZimbabweComorosDjibou�Ethiopia

MadagascarSomaliaGambia

MauritaniaMozambique

Cape VerdeGuinea-Bissau

KenyaRwandaUganda

Mauri�usSenegal

BeninSeychelles

African countries openess July 2019

No Visa

Visa on arrival

Visa

Fuel price

12AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Negociated fuel price for AFRAA airlines index by airports as of August 2018

Rank

Airport

Index 33

Mwanza

148.67

1

Bangui

310.71

34

Harare

147.37

2

Bissau

254.39

35

Ouagadougou

147.14

3

Livingstone

245.72

36

Cotonou

144.96

4

Ndola

232.82

37

Maputo

141.55

5

Moroni

226.65

38

Enugu

139.91

6

Dzaoudzi

214.12

39

Kinshasa

139.79

7

Lilongwe

210.33

40

Bamako

138.38

8

Brazzaville

208.87

41

Douala

137.15

9

Freetown

198.40

42

Yaounde

136.45

10

Lilongwe

197.93

43

Conakry

134.57

11

Zanzibar

190.62

44

Banjul

134.48

12

Malabo

188.06

45

Entebbe

133.52

13

Bujumbura

186.89

46

Banjul

132.81

14

N'Djamena

185.62

47

Abuja

132.29

15

Antananarivo

184.45

48

Gaborone

128.59

16

Khartoum

177.99

49

Kilimanjaro

128.35

17

Bobo Dioulasso

169.88

50

Dar es Salam

125.62

18

Niamey

167.13

51

Abidjan

125.44

19

Libreville

164.52

52

Lagos

124.82

20

Addis

163.33

53

Accra

124.39

21

Lubumbashi

163.13

54

Lome

124.20

22

Goma

162.20

55

Djibou�

122.69

23

Lusaka

162.08

56

Dakar

122.15

24 Pemba 160.43 57 Windhoek 120.46

25 Victoria Falls 159.90 58 Johannesburg 119.14

26 Nampula 159.62 59 Mauri�us 119.07

27 Walvis Bay 158.37 60 Durban 116.26

28 Monrovia 156.76 61 Cairo 116.10

29 Mogadishu 150.38 62 Mombasa 111.68

30 Kigali 149.90 63 Nairobi 111.68

31 Sao Tome 149.88 64 Capetown 111.51

32 Juba 149.75 65 Luanda 100 Source: AFRAA

The most expensive airport in terms of fuel price is Bangui with an index which is 3 �mes that of

Luanda which is the cheapest. More than 56% of the airports are under the average price index

which is 156.

ACIC: Avia�on Charges Intelligence Center

AFDB: African Development Bank

AFRAA: African Airlines Associa�on

FMTK: Freight and Mail Tons Kilometers

ICAO: Interna�onal Civil Avia�on Organiza�on

IATA: Interna�onal Air Transport Associa�on

MoM: Month on month

RPK: Revenue Passenger Kilometers

WCAF: West and Central Africa

YoY: Year on Year

ANNEX: Glossary

13AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Fuel price

12AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

Negociated fuel price for AFRAA airlines index by airports as of August 2018

Rank

Airport

Index 33

Mwanza

148.67

1

Bangui

310.71

34

Harare

147.37

2

Bissau

254.39

35

Ouagadougou

147.14

3

Livingstone

245.72

36

Cotonou

144.96

4

Ndola

232.82

37

Maputo

141.55

5

Moroni

226.65

38

Enugu

139.91

6

Dzaoudzi

214.12

39

Kinshasa

139.79

7

Lilongwe

210.33

40

Bamako

138.38

8

Brazzaville

208.87

41

Douala

137.15

9

Freetown

198.40

42

Yaounde

136.45

10

Lilongwe

197.93

43

Conakry

134.57

11

Zanzibar

190.62

44

Banjul

134.48

12

Malabo

188.06

45

Entebbe

133.52

13

Bujumbura

186.89

46

Banjul

132.81

14

N'Djamena

185.62

47

Abuja

132.29

15

Antananarivo

184.45

48

Gaborone

128.59

16

Khartoum

177.99

49

Kilimanjaro

128.35

17

Bobo Dioulasso

169.88

50

Dar es Salam

125.62

18

Niamey

167.13

51

Abidjan

125.44

19

Libreville

164.52

52

Lagos

124.82

20

Addis

163.33

53

Accra

124.39

21

Lubumbashi

163.13

54

Lome

124.20

22

Goma

162.20

55

Djibou�

122.69

23

Lusaka

162.08

56

Dakar

122.15

24 Pemba 160.43 57 Windhoek 120.46

25 Victoria Falls 159.90 58 Johannesburg 119.14

26 Nampula 159.62 59 Mauri�us 119.07

27 Walvis Bay 158.37 60 Durban 116.26

28 Monrovia 156.76 61 Cairo 116.10

29 Mogadishu 150.38 62 Mombasa 111.68

30 Kigali 149.90 63 Nairobi 111.68

31 Sao Tome 149.88 64 Capetown 111.51

32 Juba 149.75 65 Luanda 100 Source: AFRAA

The most expensive airport in terms of fuel price is Bangui with an index which is 3 �mes that of

Luanda which is the cheapest. More than 56% of the airports are under the average price index

which is 156.

ACIC: Avia�on Charges Intelligence Center

AFDB: African Development Bank

AFRAA: African Airlines Associa�on

FMTK: Freight and Mail Tons Kilometers

ICAO: Interna�onal Civil Avia�on Organiza�on

IATA: Interna�onal Air Transport Associa�on

MoM: Month on month

RPK: Revenue Passenger Kilometers

WCAF: West and Central Africa

YoY: Year on Year

ANNEX: Glossary

13AIR TRANSPORT OUTLOOK 2019

African Airlines Associa�on

P.O. Box 20116 00200 GPO

Nairobi, Kenya

GSM: +254 20 2320144 | +254 20 23 20148

Cell: +254 (0)722 20978 | +254 (0)735 337669

Website: www.afraa.org

CONTACTS