air activities - fleet air arm
TRANSCRIPT
ANSWER BOOKLET 3
With Captain Eddie and Grubscrew to help you,
by completing this booklet you will be able to:
Name and identify the main parts of an aircraft.
Understand the terms, nose, fuselage, tail, wings, port and
starboard.
Learn the names of aircraft control surfaces.
Collect pictures and identify six different aircraft, name
them and identify their operational uses.
… and you will have visited an ‘air museum’!
Air Activities Staged Activity Badge
Stage 2/3
Parts of an aircraft
The fuselage is the body of an aircraft which holds the structure
together and can accommodate passengers and/or cargo.
The front end of the fuselage is called the nose.
The cockpit is usually in the nose of an aircraft and holds the
pilot and controls of an airplane.
The rear end of the fuselage is called the tail.
The tail consists of a tail plane (horizontal surface)
and tail fin (vertical surface).
Wings on both sides of the fuselage produce the lift for
flight.
Label the main parts of an aircraft on the diagram:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
Direction
Port and starboard are nautical (sea) and aeronautical (air)
terms of direction.
PORT = LEFT RIGHT = STARBOARD
n o s e
c o c k p i t
t a i l f i n
w i n g s
f u s e l a g e
t a i l
p l a n e
Understanding Control Surfaces
An aircraft can move in three directions that are at right angles
(90º) to each other and meet at its centre of gravity (CG).
There are three main control surfaces that allow the pilot to
control the movement of an aircraft:
Ailerons - Located on the wings, ailerons work in pairs (but
move in opposite directions) to roll the aircraft to the left or right.
Elevators - Located on the tail plane, the elevators work in pairs
to pitch the aircraft up and down.
Rudder - Located on the tail fin, the rudder to yaw the aircraft
left and right.
Label the main control surfaces on the diagram below:
roll
pitch
yaw
CG
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ r u d d e r
e l e v a t o r
a i l e r o n
Hall 1 - Early Aircraft and World War 1
The Short S.27 is a model of the first aircraft flown by the
Royal Navy in 1910 for training its first pilots, as well as for
early naval aviation experiments.
Did you know … The S.27 is based on the Wright
brothers pioneering first aircraft from 1903;
the design is known as a box-kite aeroplane.
Question … Aircraft with 2 wings, such as the Short S.27
and the Sopwith Baby (opposite), are known as a what?
Have a go … Behind the S.27 is a replica seat from the
aircraft. Imagine what it would have been like to fly one
of these pioneering aircraft.
mono-plane bi-plane tri-plane
The Sopwith Baby “Jabberwock” was first flown in 1915 (during
WW1) as a reconnaissance and bomber aircraft. It operated from
seaplane carriers, as well as Royal Naval coastal air stations.
Did you know … A major role of the Baby was to
intercept German Zeppelin raids and track German
naval movements.
Have a go … The Sopwith Baby has floats to allow it to
land and take-off from water. Can you draw them on?
Look at this …
Which wing shape best describes these early aircraft?
Rectangular Rounded/
elliptical
Swept Delta/
Ogive
Hall 2 - World War 2
During WWII, naval versions of aircraft ordered for the
Fleet Air Arm were given the prefix "Sea",
i.e. the Seafire was a combination of "Sea” and “Spitfire".
Question … What roles did the Seafire carry out?
Aircraft adapted to operate from an aircraft carrier included
folding wings and an arrester hook.
Look at this … How did the Seafire’s wings fold?
Reconnaissance Strike Bomber
Fighter Search and Rescue Trainer
Simple fold Aftward fold Double fold
Rectangular Rounded/
elliptical
Swept Delta/
Ogive
Look at this … Which wing shape best describes
WWII aircraft, like the Seafire or Sea Fury?
Also in Hall 2 you will find
another aircraft adapted for
life at sea -
the Sea Vampire.
The Sea Vampire was the
Royal Navy’s first jet aircraft,
and the first jet-powered
aircraft anywhere to land on a
moving aircraft carrier.
Did you know … Sea Vampire LZ551/G was a
prototype and training aircraft, and is the actual
aircraft that made that historic landing on HMS
Ocean in 1945.
Have a go … Sit in the Vampire cockpit next to
LZ551/G and imagine trying to land on a moving ship!
’THE MIGHTY KING’
Return to Hall 1 to see the first of two Sea King helicopters.
The Sea King was in British service for 40 years and provided a
wide range of services in both the Royal Navy and the RAF.
Question …
What was this Sea King helicopter mostly used for?
Have a go … Climb on board the Search and Rescue
Sea King and imagine what it would be like to try and
carry out a rescue mission from a helicopter!
Continue into Hall 4 to see the second Sea King helicopter.
Search and Rescue
Anti- Submarine Utility (moving troops)
Arctic Zebra
Pure White
Desert Pink
Military Green
Dark Blue
Snow-covered
landscape
Jungle terrain
Aircraft
carrier at sea
Desert plains
UN
Opera-tions
During its service the Sea King was adapted to meet the Royal
Navy's requirement for wartime roles across the world.
Did you know … Helicopters used for moving Royal
Marine troops and equipment like, Sea King ZA298,
were nicknamed ‘Junglies’.
Sea King ZA298 is painted in ‘military green’, but would have had
various colour schemes depending on where it was operating.
Look at this … Match the camouflage colour scheme to
the operating environment.
Have a go … design your own Sea King colour scheme
or pattern.
Hall 4 - Leading Edge
Concorde 002 is the British prototype aircraft used
as a test and development aircraft for the 16 supersonic
Concorde’s that were built by France and Britain.
Question … A supersonic aircraft can fly how fast?
a) faster than a Formula 1 car (200 mph)
b) faster than the speed of light (671 million mph)
c) faster than the speed of sound (760 mph)
Did you know … Concorde flew at between 50,000
and 60,000 feet. At this height, the temperature is
-53 °C and the speed of sound is slower: 660 mph!
Look at this … Which special wing shape do these
supersonic aircraft have?
Rectangular Rounded/
elliptical
Swept Delta/
Ogive
The Harrier (also known as the Harrier jump-jet) is a V/STOL
jet aircraft used by the Royal Navy between 1980 and 2010.
Did you know … V/STOL stands for Vertical/Short
Take-Off and Landing.
Question … What roles did the Harrier (Sea Harrier or
GR9) carry out?
Look at this … As well as having a swept
wing shape, the wings on a Harrier are also?
Have a go … Use the model next to the Harrier
prototype, the Hawker P1127, to understand how
V/STOL works.
Low Anhedral Dihedral
Reconnaissance Strike Bomber Fighter
Have a go … Use everything you have learnt at the Fleet
Air Arm Museum to complete the word search below.
ailerons
cockpit
Concorde
elevators
fuselage
Harrier
nose
pitch
port
roll
rudder
Seafire
Sea King
Short
Sopwith Baby
starboard
tail fin
tail plane
Vampire
wings
yaw