ahlss: a hierarchical, adaptive, extendable p2p live...

AHLSS: A Hierarchical, Adaptive, Extendable P2PLive Streaming System

RUNZHI LI1, CHUNYI GUO2, MING FAN2,and ZONGMIN WANG1

1Zhengzhou University, Provincial Key Lab on Information Network,

HeNan, China2Information Engineering, College of Zhengzhou University, HeNan, China

With the development of P2P streaming technology, various live streaming systems have been designed.Some measurement studies recently have shown that the most important issue exposed by previoussystems is how to balance the benefits between the internet service provider, the internet contentprovider, and P2P users. This issue is induced by little consideration on management and control.Other problems include how to resolve peers churn and make full use of network bandwidth and applyincentive mechanism among peers.

In this work we introduce AHLSS, a P2P system for live streaming which is hierarchical,adaptive, and extendable. We present the architecture of AHLSS which is divided into three layers.The top layer named AP (Administrator Peer) overlay consisted of some authentic servers, which arearranged by ICP (Internet Content Provider) to provide enrollment and authentication for peers tojoin P2P overlay and start to watch a media channel. Every AP locates in an alliance alone. Themiddle layer is SP overlay. AHLSS divides peers that participate in data transmission into twoclasses, including SP and NP, which base on the capability of peers. SP is elected by AP. SP hasresponsibility to route media packets quickly and reply peers’ channel request within the cluster. Theunder layer consists of many clusters. A cluster is formed by uniting peers which have poor capabilityand little stability near SP. SP is named cluster-head with the responsibility for management ofmembers in the cluster.

Our system’s innovative features are the following:

1. It provides the function of enrollment and authentication;2. AP look up peer’s EnrollInfo (a list, which keeps the register information of peers) periodically

and apply a decision-tree approach to elect SP. It resolves problems which are associated with thedynamics and heterogeneity of peers;

3. to cope with the problem of topology-mismatch, we design Alliance and Cluster to partition thephysical location of peers and make use of the Two-hop Detection Algorithm which belongs toLTM technology to optimize the connection of SP among alliances;

4. different transmission modes are designed on SP overlay and within cluster. Native mesh-pull isadopted in SP overlay and the hybrid mode includes tree-push and mesh-pull which are applied inNP (Normal Peer) overlay. It reduces the delay in chunks transmitted through SP to NP and makesfull use of the upload bandwidth of peers;

5. Approach of K degree redundancy cluster-head is adopted by NP, it is used to avoid theinorganized status for NPs which resulted from SP’s failure.

In this paper, we describe in detail the main algorithms that stand behind the design of AHLSSand present the analysis of architecture for various aspects including adaptability, scalability,efficiency, and robustness.

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 5: 8, 2009

Copyright � Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

ISSN: 1550-1329 print / 1550-1477 online

DOI: 10.1080/15501320802498562

Address correspondence to Runzhi Li, Zhengzhou University, Provincial Key Lab on InformationNetwork, HeNan, China. E-mail: [email protected]

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