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3.0 Literature review.

3.1 Polygamy in Islam.( According to the Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips and Jameelah

Jones in the book Polygamy In Islam.)

Polygamy in Islam plurality of wives is one of the controversial questions in the family

system of Islam. The following are the points worth of consideration in an effort to

clarify the wisdom of polygamy in Islam. Islam has emphasized taking advantage of the

permission of polygamy is conditional on the observance of several factors and

circumstances as it will be explain later. If the man lacks those material and moral

conditions, or competent enough to satisfy all of them, then will eligible to make more

than one wife. Also, Islam has emphasized that the basic objective of healthy marital life

come to love and benevolence between the husband and the wife winch the normally cab

be found in from regular marriage monogamy.

It is understood by all sane reasonable people that due to the obligation involved

in plural marriages a man should ascertain whether or not he can support another wife

marrying again. If a man is experiencing difficulty meeting the basic socioeconomic

requirement necessary for one and family, he should not further strain his financial and

emotional abilities by marriage another unless she is self supporting or wealthy women

who is ready to join the fortune to his. There is no blame on either party such an

arrangement is mutually agreed upon as the Prophet first wife, Khadeejah, aided him in

this way. Such an arrangement need not necessarily be the permanent one because the

womens right support can not be cancelled and can be demanded at any time.

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However, such a reversal should not take place at the whim of the wife but for

valid reason, nor be should it be used as a threat to make the husband comply to any

unreasonable demands on part. Nonetheless, a husband still to be in fairly stable

economic position in case his self supporting second or third wife decides to stop

working or become unable to do so due to pregnancy or illness. The allow of self support

second wife or third wives does not justify the phenomenon of welfare-based marriages

which help become prevalent in North America. Certainly, a women receiving a monthly

subsistence check from the American government can not be considered self-supporting.

Quite the county, she probably in need of all the help and support that she get as she

likely living on an income designed to barely feed her children and pay rent for

substandard housing. The receipt of welfare checks by married women especially in the

case of plural marriages, involves lies and deceit, which are among the most despicable

taints that Muslim may posses.

A man without a legitimate source of income should not marry according to Islam

law until he has the means to provide for family. A man has to use his natural abilities

and seem, as the Prophet said, The best way of earning livelihood is by ones own hands

for even Prophet Daawood earned a living with his own hand. The Prophet Muhammad

never avoided hard work and he praised those who did likewise. He worked lifting earth

and breaking boulders during Ghazwah al-Ahazaab the battle of the Clans when huge

trench was dug by Muslim to defend the city of Madeenah. He dint not like people to

depend upon charity when other means of existence were possible. It reported that once

an unemployed Ansaar resident of Madeenah came and asked Prophet for some charity.

The Prophet asked him if he had many properties. He replied that he only had a blanket

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with which to cover his body and a cup to drink from. The Prophet asked him to bring

these things. When he brought them and the Prophet took them and auctioned them

among the people. One of those present offered one dirham and the requested that he

raise the bid. Another man offered two dirham and the item were sold to him.

The Prophet than gave the two dirham to the man and advised him to punchers an

axe, the Prophet fixed the handle with his own hands and gave it to the man offered two,

Go to the woods, cut wood (and sell it) and do not came back to see me before fifteen

day. When the men returned, the Prophet asked about his situation. The man replied that

he had earned twelve dirhams during that period and the punched some cloth and grains.

The Prophet remarked, That is much better than begging and disgracing yourself and

disgracing yourself on the of judgment. Some people seem to feel polygamy should be

banned because of the apparently high incidence of failures, especially in the west. But

this is very irrational conclusion as the incidence of failure in monogamous relationships

is great or greater but no one of think of banning marriage altogether. Human beings are

beings are tested in various ways in different departments of life to see who is best in

regard to deed.

3.2 Polygamy according to Islam.( According to the book Analisis Poligami Menurut

Perspektif Islam by Zaleha).

Whole of Islam allows its followers polygamous marriage. This case because a lot of

wisdom hidden in order to protect the continuity of human life and is a good way out for

Muslims in the face and face various problems of life. However, there are more among

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Muslims themselves, especially women that still refuse to accept polygamy as a

command and demand in the teachings of Islam.

Although in principle women do not want the honey for refusing to accept love

from a husband for the split, but settle down to face life, women must understand and

understand the wisdom and conditions otherwise tried polygamy. They can not be ego

with sensitive eyes and ears closed and intentionally and not understand or pretended not

want to eliminate Islam and why a man is polygamous. They looks have this nature

against Allah, but not such as ridicule Allah violate religious bounds. If polygamy is seen

to allow control of the married men at will. In polygamy can control than men want to

marry on the basis of satisfying desires. Perhaps with the availability, their limited

polygamy to marry more than four wives. In the meantime, Islam forbids its followers

polygamous without consent if the first wife. For polygamous also limit outlined by the

followers of Islam to the men. When a husband he should just practice polygamy in the

household from the point of maintenance to his wife and children.

In addition, we must believe that Allah Almighty created the law is very

appropriate with the creation of human nature itself. Where it concerned the individual's

own interest, society is also concerned about the overall fairness, equality, help,

responsibility and produce sympathy to the people. If Allah require a polygamous

followers but not daily community now polygamous. when a polygamous is nothing in

Islam is a serious point they should not patronize women, such as what has been raised

by western elements that oppressed women. This debate divides by Muslims as the

scenario now clearly seen that women with more than males. Hence, the scholars of the

opinion that polygamy is the best way to prevent many women do not marry. With

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polygamous method can avoid these things spread, especially Muslims. Although this

matter has been criticized by the great western society considers the violation of human

rights.

In polygamy is indirectly men have helped solve some of society and social

problems, where more than one married woman who had helped other women from the

fall in the valley prostitution and other crimes again. Islam gave polygamy to men rather

than merely satisfying desire lust but it is only one way out to reduce the elements of

adultery. According to Ku Sulaiman Hussein in writing 'The Star Diversion' release in

October 1976 that entitled the first drug to reduce prostitution is in accordance with the

rules-rules of polygamy, in his book titled "Lamai Tresse Legitime" has urged people to

make some good policies including polygamy disease eliminate prostitution, whereby the

danger of disease such as siplis and AIDS now that can kill his offspring.

If shown to the natural habits are different men with the habits of women. Male

libido stronger and longer than the women. Although women libido came faster and

faster came from adult men, but they are quickly lost his lust after age 50 years they grew

up. While men still have a strong appetite sensuality. So the best way is to practice safe

and polygamy. Similarly, the man who is strong enough, and felt his lust is not enough

with only one wife in addition syarie barriers such as wife in haidh a long as well as

during birth approximately 40 days, so to avoid undesirable things that happen then

accordingly husband polygamous, if he is able to bear the maintenance and be fair to his

wife.

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Polygamy can also elevate women even had a co-wife, but his position more

secure and dignified compared to those who are not married. in fact, through polygamy

also can produce many offspring. Besides that, the human form of polygamy that

disciplined and responsible, according to channel the desire of lust principles permitted

by legislation and can help women with increasing numbers of men. Therefore, it is

expected that not to have men consider polygamy is allowed by Islam as a very good

opportunity to meet the benefit without the conditions prescribed in Islam and the men

who want to practice polygamy must also realize the responsibility that is given when

polygamous.

There is another literature that we have read and studies but not all of that we can

write but mostly there are the same but with some different opinion. Polygamy is good if

you can take the responsibility but it will be different if it is only for sex only.