Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) in many crops is the basis for the production of commercial F1 hybrids. It is obtained by the combination of the

nucleus of cultivated species with the cytoplasm of a wild species belonging to the same genus. The reason of the loss of fertility is the

incompatibility of nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. Within the genus Nicotiana several species have been found to be carriers of male sterility

genes which become active as a result of the interaction of Nicotiana tabacum nucleus with the cytoplasm of a wild species. Because of male

sterility, there is no need to remove male organs to prevent self-pollination. Moreover, the distribution of cytoplasmic male sterile forms allows to

protect breeders’ interests. However, the presence of cytoplasm originated from other species influences not only fertility, alloplasmatic forms can

differ from an initial cultivar in terms of a number of features (1).

The experiment was conducted under field conditions. The observation

was made on 10 individuals of cv. Wiślica and each cms form.

We compared the main traits such as:

• plant habit

• plant height

• shape, color and size (width x length x 0.6345) of mid-stalk leaves (2)

• shape and color of flowers

• shape of inflorescences

• shape of seed bags

• earliness (number of days from planting to the begining of flowering)

• ability to develop suckers

Agronomic performance of cytoplasmic male sterile forms

of flue-cured tobaccoAnna Czubacka*, Anna Depta, Teresa Doroszewska

Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute,

8 Czartoryskich, 24-100 Puławy, Poland, *annacz@iung.pulawy.pl

The materials of our study were flue-cured cultivar Wiślica and its

cytoplasmic male sterile forms with cytoplasm originated from

Nicotiana species:

Materials and methods

Introduction

• Wiślica cms amplexicaulis

• Wiślica cms debneyi

• Wiślica cms goodspeedii

• Wiślica cms plumbaginifolia

• Wiślica cms rai-2

• Wiślica cms raimondii

• Wiślica cms suaveolens

• Wiślica cms tabacum

• Wiślica cms undulata

Results

Cms form Numberof leaves

Days to flowering

Corollalenght (cm)

Wiślica cms amplexicaulis 23.0 67 5.5

Wiślica cms debneyi 22.1 66 5.0

Wiślica cms goodspeedii 21.3 68 4.8

Wiślica cmsplumbaginifolia

21.5 71 3.6

Wiślica cms rai-2 21.2 63 5.3

Wiślica cms raimondii 19.6 63 5.6

Wiślica cms suaveolens 20.8 67 4.8

Wiślica cms tabacum 20.7 63 5.3

Wiślica cms undulata 21.3 64 5.2

Wiślica (fertile) 23.6 66 5.6

cv. Wiślica

Figure 2. Average height of plants of cv. Wiślica and its cms

forms

Figure 3. Average mid-stalk leaf area of plants of cv. Wiślica

and its cms forms

Figure 1. Morphology of

flowers of fertile Wiślica

(1) and its sterile forms

with cytoplasm originated

from: Nicotiana

amplexicaulis (2),

N. debneyi (3),

N. goodspeedii (4),

N. plumbaginifolia (5),

N. raimondii (6 – rai-2; 7),

N. suaveolens (8),

N. tabacum (9),

N. undulata (10)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Table 1. Average values of number of leaves,

days to flowering and corolla lenght of cv. Wiślica

and its cms forms

Cytoplasmic male sterile forms of cv. Wiślica showed some morphological variation

which was visible especialy in the structure of flowers (Fig. 1). Plants with cytoplasm

coming from N. plumbaginifolia had short corollas (Table 1) and sticking pistils. Most

of sterile forms did not develop anthers excluding Wiślica cms amplexicaulis and

Wiślica cms rai-2. Cms forms were varied in terms of plant height (Fig. 2)

and mid-stalk leaf area (Fig. 3) but the differences were not statistically significant.

Plant habit, shape of leaves and seed bags were similar for all alloplasmic forms.

Plants with the cytoplasm originated from N. pumbaginifolia and goodspeedii had

more compact inflorescences. The presence of cytoplasm from N. plumbaginifolia

delayed the earliness of Wiślica (Table 1). Cms forms with the cytoplasm originated

from N. goodspeedii, raimondii, suaveolens and undulata showed less tendency to

produce suckers than the others.

Cytoplasmic male sterile forms were similar to fertile cv. Wiślica in terms of most

of traits including: plant habit; plant height; shape, color and size of leaves;

shape of seed bags.

Differences among Wiślica and its cytoplasmic male sterile forms were visible

especialy in flower morphology but also in shape of inflorescence.

Cms forms were similar to Wiślica in terms of the earliness except for Wiślica

cms plumbaginifolia.

Summary

Wiślica cms amplexicaulis Wiślica cms debneyi Wiślica cms goodspeedii Wiślica cms plumbaginifolia Wiślica cms rai-2 Wiślica cms raimondii

Wiślica cms undulataWiślica cms tabacumWiślica cms suaveolens

References: 1. Doroszewska T., Depta A., Czubacka A., Album of Nicotiana species, IUNG-PIB, Puławy, 2009.

2. Suggs C.W., Beeman J.F., Splinter W.E., Physical properties of green Virginia-type tobacco leaves, Tob. Sci., 1960, 4: 194-197.Presentation supported by IHAR-PIB long-term program (2015-2020)

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