african development bank group · 2019-06-29 · the bank group on 3rd october 2013 approved a ua...
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AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP
KINGDOM OF LESOTHO
LOWLANDS RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT
APPRAISAL REPORT
RDGS/AHWS DEPARTMENTS
May 2019
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Table of Contents
Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................ ii
GrantInformation ................................................................................................................. iii
Program Summary ............................................................................................................... iv
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1
2.0 INITIAL PROGRAM ................................................................................................. 1
2.1 Programme Context and Origin ............................................................................... 1
2.2 Programme Objective.............................................................................................. 2
2.3 Programme Components ......................................................................................... 3
2.4 Programme Cost and Financing Arrangements ........................................................ 3
2.5 Programme Implementation Status .......................................................................... 4
3.0 REVISED PROGRAMME FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS .................................. 5
3.1 Programme Objectives and Description ................................................................... 5
3.2 Description of Additional Activities to be Carried Out ............................................ 9
3.3 Revised Estimated Programme Cost ...................................................................... 13
3.4 Revised Programme Implementation Schedule ...................................................... 14
3.5 Programme Implementation .................................................................................. 14
3.6 Procurement Arrangement for LDCF Resource: .................................................... 16
3.7 Financial Management, Disbursement and Audit Arrangements ............................ 16
3.8 Monitoring and Evaluation .................................................................................... 17
3.9 Risks and Mitigations Measures for the Additional Activities ............................... 18
3.10 Sustainability ........................................................................................................ 19
3.11 Environmental and Social Management ................................................................ 20
3.12 Climate Change....................................................................................................... 22
4.0 RATIONALE FOR ADDITIONAL FINANCING ................................................... 22
5.0 LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND COMPLIANCE ..................................................... 23
5.1 Legal Instruments.................................................................................................. 23
5.2 Conditions associated with the Bank Intervention ................................................. 23
5.3 Compliance with Bank Policies ............................................................................. 23
6.0 RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................ 23
Annex 1: GEF PIF Approval .................................................................................................. I
Annex 2: Government Request to the Bank for Project Financing Proposal ........................... II
Annex 3: Detailed Additional Programme Activities and Costs: .......................................... IV
Annex 4: Detailed Logframe for the LDCF Activities .......................................................VIII
Annex 5: Implementation plan for additional financing .....................................................XIII
Annex 6: Summary of Procurement Arrangements for Additional Financing ................... XVII
Annex 7: GEF CEO Endorsement Letter .......................................................................... XIX
Annex 8: Water and Environment Institutional Frame work ............................................... XX
Annex 9: Map of the Program Area (LDCF) .................................................................... XXI
i
Currency Equivalents As of March 2019
1 USD = 13.8700 LSL
1 USD = 0.7200 UA
1 LSL = 0.0500 UA
Fiscal Year 1st July – 30th June
Weights and Measures
1 metric tonne = 2204 pounds (lbs)
1 kilogramme (kg) = 2.200 lbs
1 metre (m) = 3.28 feet (ft)
1 millimetre (mm) = 0.03937 inch (“)
1 kilometre (km) = 0.62 mile
1 hectare (ha) = 2.471 acres
ii
Acronyms and Abbreviations AfDB African Development Bank ADF African Development Fund AMAT Adaptation Monitoring and Assessment Tool AG Auditor General APR Annual Progress Review AR5 Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC) CoW Commissioner of Water CPPR Country Performance Review CSI Core Sector Indicator CSP Country Strategy Paper DP Development Partner DRWS Department of Rural Water Supply DWD District Water Department EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan EUR Euro GEF Global Environment Facility GFS Gravity Flow Scheme GIS Geographic Information System GoL Government of Lesotho GPN General Procurement Notice HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ICB International Competitive Bidding IFMIS Integrated Financial Management Information System IFR Interim Financial Report IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IQPR Interim Quarterly Progress and Finance Report ISP-PFM Institutional Support Project - Public Finance Management IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management KM Knowledge Management LDCF Least Developed Countries Fund LDC Least Developed Country LEWA Lesotho Electricity and Water Authority LLRWSSP Lesotho: Lowlands Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MDG Millennium Development Goal MDWSP Metolong Dam Water Supply Programme MEMWA Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and Water Affairs MoH Ministry of Health MTR Mid-Term Review NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action NCB National Competitive Bidding NGO Non-Governmental Organization NPV Net Present Value NSDP National Strategic Development Plan PAR Project Appraisal Report PCR Programme / Project Completion Report PIF Project Identification Form PIT Project Implementation Team PSC Project Steering Committee PU Procurement Unit RBCSP Results Based Country Strategy Paper RWS Rural Water Supply RWSSI Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Initiative SPR Sector Performance Report ToT Training of Trainers UA Unit of Account UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USD United States Dollar VIP Ventilated Improved Pit (latrine) VFM Value for Money VWHC Village Water and Health Committee WASCO Water and Sewerage Company (Pty) Ltd WASH Water, Sanitation & Hygiene
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Grant Information
Client’s information
RECIPIENT: Kingdom of Lesotho
EXECUTING AGENCY: Lesotho Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and Water
Affairs (MEMWA) / Commissioner of Water (CoW)
P.O. BOX 772 MASERU 100
Tel: +266 22322334
Financing plan*
GEF/LDCF 3.14 m UA (4.42 m USD) Grant
ADF 6.52 m UA (9.89 m USD) Loan (already approved)
RWSSI Trust Fund 2.772 m UA (4.20 m USD) Grant (already approved)
World Bank 0.795 m UA (1.21 m USD) Loan (already approved)
Kingdom of Lesotho 1.287 m UA (1.95 m USD) In-kind
TOTAL COST 14.52 m UA (21.67 m USD)
* UA figures according to current exchange rates of USD committed at the time of the Project Identification
Form approval of the LDCF project by the GEF
ADF’s key financing information
Grant currency USD
Interest type* N/A
Interest rate spread* N/A
Commitment fee* N/A
Other fees* N/A
Tenor 48
Grace period N/A
EIRR, NPV (base case) 13%, 1.4 million LSL *if applicable
Timeframe - Main Milestones (expected)
GEF PIF approval 24 March 2017
Project approval (LLRWSSP) 3rd October 2013
Project approval (LDCF financing) May 2019
Signing of Grant Agreement (LLRWSSP) 15th May 2015
Signing of Grant Agreement (LDCF financing) June 2019
Effectiveness (LLRWSSP) 31st March 2015
Effectiveness (LDCF financing) June 2019
Mid-term Review (LLRWSSP)
Mid-term Review (LDCF financing) December 2020
Last Disbursement (LLRWSSP) 30th March 2021
Completion (LLRWSSP) 30th September 2020
Completion (LDCF financing) June 2023
Last repayment 2063
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Project Summary
The Bank Group on 3rd October 2013 approved a UA 6.52 million ADF loan and a grant of
EUR 3.2 million (UA 2.61 million) from the RWSSI Trust Fund to the GoL to finance the
implementation of the Lesotho: Lowlands Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project
(LLRWSSP). The loan and grant entered into force on 30th September 2014 and 15th May
2015 respectively, and effectiveness for the first disbursement was declared on 31st March
2015 for both the Loan and the Grant. The first disbursement for the grant was effected on 25th
September 2015 while for the loan it was on 26th June 2017. The project was originally set for
closing on 31st December 2017 while the loan and grant disbursement closing date was 30th
September 2018. Subsequent to a supervision mission that concluded on 4th October 2017, the
project closing date was extended by one year to 30th September 2019, and further extended to
June 2020 to enable inclusion of localities within the project, that were initially excluded. The
current disbursement on the Loan as at January 2019 is 51.22%, whilst that for the Grant is
37.29%. The LLRWSSP will also benefit from an additional funding commitment from the
Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF)1 for a financing of USD 4.42 million (or about UA
3.14 million) to help with the following: i) Identifying Climate Risks and Reducing
vulnerability to climate change in the water sector for communities in the project area; ii)
Capacity Development for Improved Water Resources Management; iii) Awareness Raising of
Local Communities on Climate Change Adaptation; and iv) Knowledge Management and
Monitoring and Evaluation.
The initial LLRWSSP is located in the Districts of Berea and Maseru along routes of the
Metolong Dam Water Supply Programme (MDWSP), and consists of primary and secondary
pipes basic rural water and sanitation infrastructure, environmental health support for
communities in the project area, and capacity building and project management. The project
was initially expected to be implemented over 48 months beginning December 2013 at a cost
of UA 11.374 million. The project will benefit some 65,000 inhabitants of the area who are
currently served with inadequate levels of safe water supply and sanitation that resulted from
growth in demand since the last expansion of services as well as connecting government and
private institutions such as schools, health centres, local courts, lodges, rest houses, etc. serving
neighbouring rural villages. In terms of shortfall in per capita supply, proximity to water points
and condition of facilities, the estimated percentage of supply is 25%, equivalent to a
population of 16,250. Residents of the areas currently have to contend with intermittent
supplies from under capacity boreholes, with hand pumps, under capacity reticulation from
springs or mechanized boreholes.
The specific objective of the project is to increase coverage in the project area by providing
improved, sustainable, equitable and inclusive access to water supply and sanitation to an
estimated 65,000 population in Maseru and Berea districts where major bulk water supply
infrastructure is being developed with support from other Development Partners (DPs) The
project has four components, namely: (i) Water Supply Infrastructure Development; ii)
Sanitation and Hygiene; iii) Institutional Support and Capacity Development; and (iv) Project
Management. It is expected to contribute to the overall well-being of the population through a
1 The Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) was established on directives to the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at its seventh session to address the needs of least developed countries (LDCs) under
the Convention on Climate Change. Absolute priority is accorded to adaptation and particularly the financing of the preparation and
implementation of National Climate Change Adaptation Programs of Action (NAPAs). The Fund’s objective is to finance projects that address
the urgent and immediate climate change adaptation needs of LDCs by seeking to reduce the vulnerability of sectors and resources which are
essential to social progress and national development such as water, agriculture and food security, health, the management and prevention of
catastrophic risks, and infrastructure, as have been identified and prioritized in NAPAs.
v
guaranteed supply of adequate quantities of drinking water at reasonable distance to
households, minimize the risks of spread of water related diseases, and reduce the burden of
water collection for women, girls, and members of households of vulnerable families. The
beneficiaries will participate in implementation through participatory planning and monitoring
of the project through the village leadership structures and through shouldering the cost of
individual connections.
The project is an extension of the MDWSP promoting the Bank’s Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM) policy. The project promotes the use of existing water resources on an
equitable and sustainable manner and extends the benefit from the MDWSP to the rural
population. Bank involvement would therefore add value to the sector dynamics based on its
rich experience. The Project also promotes donor coordination as it complements the
intervention under MDWSP supported by nine donors.
GEF LDCF financing was approved for additional components on the 22 October 2018 that
will complement the ongoing LLWRSSP. This complementary financing will allow
implementation of new elements that support Basotho communities to improve their resilience
to climate change and ability to respond to the effects of reduced rainfall as well as supporting
the construction of more resilient infrastructure and more sustainable natural resource
management practices, including catchment management. The project area has also expanded
beyond the initial Berea and Maseru districts to include a catchment area located upstream of
the areas targeted by the LLWRSSP.
This supplementary financing is in line with the Bank’s Country Strategy Paper 2013-2017
Pillar I, which aims at “strengthening the competitiveness and growth of Lesotho’s economy”,
in part by promoting sustainable water resource management practices, and Pillar II, which
aims to support institutional capacity building in Lesotho’s public sector.” In addition, this
additional financing is in line with Pillar 2 (adaptation) of the Bank’s second Climate Change
Action Plan 2016-2020 (CCAP2), which aims to ensure low-carbon and climate resilient
development across the African continent, and will strengthen the sustainability of the project’s
main objectives.
Management hereby submits the following Report and Recommendation for implementation
of a Global Environmental Facility (GEF)/Least Developed Country Fund (LDCF) grant of US
Dollars 4,416,210 (equivalent to UA 3,143,903) as funds to the Lowlands Rural Water Supply
and Sanitation Project in Lesotho for the Climate Change Adaptation for Sustainable Rural
Water Supply in Lowlands.
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INVESTMENT PROGRAMME RESULTS FRAMEWORK:
COUNTRY AND PROJECT NAME – LESOTHO: LOWLANDS RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION FOR
SUSTAINABLE RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN LOWLANDS LESOTHO PROJECT
RESULTS CHAIN PERFORMANCE INDICATORS MEANS OF
VERIFICATION RISKS / Mitigation measures
Indicators Baseline Target
Imp
act Improved quality of life and
livelihood of rural communities, and poverty reduction
National RWSS coverage water 73% (2010) 85% (2020)
NSDP M&E
The risk of diminished political commitment may slow down progress and affect functionality. This will be mitigated through effective capacity building at community, council and district level while pursuing policy dialogue with GoL along with other partners and contribution to the implementation of the NSDP. The risk of sustainability of the project (including cost recovery) will be mitigated through the mobilisation of the communities and their engagement throughout the project development process. The project is incorporating (i) the development of gender and social responsive communication strategies, (ii) sensitization of communities towards engaging with private operators to manage the water system; (iii) a clear approach regarding cost recovery in operation and maintenance. Risk of inefficient operation and maintenance of rural water supply systems will be mitigated through building capacity of the community structures and introducing professional community and/or private service providers and through adequate system and guideline development. The risk of timely implementation of the tertiary lines under the MDWSP will be mitigated through closer collaboration with the Metolong Authority and financing development partners. The risk of capacity constraint and associated delay in project implementation will be
sanitation 24% (2010) 66.1% (2020)
Population below poverty line 49.1% (2010) 20.9% (2020)
Under five mortality per 1000 117 (2009) 70 (2020)
Outcome 1: Increased and sustained access to improved water supply and sanitation services
No. of people with access to safe and reliable water in the project area (to be disaggregated by gender)
16,250 (2012) 65,000 (2017) 84,000 (2021)*
DRWS M&E system
Ou
tcom
es
No. of households with access to improved sanitation facilities in the project area (disaggregated by gender of head of households)
3,250 (25% by 2012) 7,800 (60% by 2017)
MoH statistics / M&E system
Outcome 2: Equitable and inclusive improved hygiene practices in the project area
% of people practicing good hygiene in the project area - disaggregate by gender
25% 45% (2017, 52% of them women)
Project M&E system, regular social behaviours studies to support M&E
% of Students practicing good hygiene - disaggregated by gender
50% 100% (2017) - 47% girls
Outcome 3: Improved community management of water supply and sanitation facilities
No. of villages / communities having organised private / community operators
0% 85% (2017)
Ou
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Component 1: Water Supply Infrastructure
Project M&E system, quarterly project progress report, construction reports
Output 1.1 Water supply systems constructed and rehabilitated
No. of water supply systems constructed
0 9 (2017)
Length in Km of pipeline constructed
0 200 (2017)
No. of storage facilities constructed
0 27 (540m3)
No. of public water points constructed
0 450
Number of districts with climate impact and adaptation plans prepared**
0 2 (by 2022)
Risk and vulnerability assessment carried out [GEF Adaptation Indicator 6]**
0 1 (by 2022)
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RESULTS CHAIN PERFORMANCE INDICATORS MEANS OF
VERIFICATION RISKS / Mitigation measures
Indicators Baseline Target
Number of additional boreholes established / upgraded [Contributes to GEF Adaptation Indicator 4]**
0 59 (by 2022)
mitigated by complementing the staff of the DRWS by appointing external key staff and training them in project management. Furthermore, to enhance implementation capacity, the community mobilisation and sensitisation will assist in ensuring participation by communities. Delay of MDWSP and the tertiary lines is a potential risk affecting the project. However, MDWSP is at an advanced stage and financing for the tertiary lines is in place. ** Risk: Increased climate variability exceeds the design parameters of the project infrastructure. Mitigation: Take a multi-pronged approach to reducing vulnerability to climate impacts by increasing knowledge and awareness of climate change, promoting conservation and demand management, establishing more reliable water supplies and supporting alternative livelihood activities to strengthen community resilience to transient shocks. **Risk: High dependence on natural resources and weak coping mechanism. Mitigation: Improved human skills and capacity to diversify livelihoods.
Number of rainwater harvesting systems installed [Contributes to GEF Indicator 4]**
0 12 (by 2022)
Number of additional hydro-meteorological & rain gauge stations installed [Contributes to GEF Indicator 4]**
0 10 (by 2022)
Improved early warning systems deployed
0 1 (by 2022)
Component 2: Hygiene and Sanitation
Project M&E system, quarterly project progress report, supervision mission reports
Output 2.1 Promotion and Education in hygiene and health
No. of people educated, reached and trained
0 65,000 (by 2017)
Number of national institutions with technical staff trained in climate change resilience for the water sector [GEF Adaptation Indicator 10]**
0 10 (by 2017)
Output 2.2. Public latrines (disability compliant) constructed (gender disaggregated)
No. of latrine units for male 0 36 (by 2017)
No. of latrines units for female 0 36 (by 2017)
Output 2.3 VIP latrines for vulnerable house holds
No. latrines (household headed by older, single or double orphans, disabled)
0 280 (by 2017)
Component 3: Institutional support and Capacity building
Project M&E system, quarterly project progress report, supervision mission reports
Output 3.1 Development and Implementation of Operational Strategies
Cost recovery communication and gender responsive public information strategy
none yes by 2015
Strategy and framework for bringing-on-board private / community operators
none yes by 2015
Strategy for financing rural sanitation services
none yes by 2015
Number of climate resilience strategy documents prepared**
0 3
Comprehensive RWSS Implementation (including
partial yes by 2015
viii
RESULTS CHAIN PERFORMANCE INDICATORS MEANS OF
VERIFICATION RISKS / Mitigation measures
Indicators Baseline Target operation and maintenance) gender sensitive community guidelines / manual
Output 3.2 Training and stakeholder mobilization (taking into account gender analysis and gender roles)
Training of Trainers (TOT) hygiene and sanitation, and community mobilisation (No)
0 25
Training and technical assistance for establishment of private and community operators
0 9
Established and trained VWHC, 30% women
0 85 (2015)
Number of people trained on climate change and adaptation options (% women / % men)**
0 5,000 (52%F)
Output 3.3 Strengthening of M&E system
M&E and GIS functional not yet Yes by 2015
Annual Sector Review Held not every year Annual
Sector M&E reports generated not yet Yes by 2015
Component 4: Project Management
Project M&E system, quarterly project progress reports, supervision mission reports
Project oversight and management team
Project implementation team in place
not yet by Sept 2013
Project Steering Committee in place
exists but inactive by Sept 2013
Monitoring and reporting system
Project area baseline validated none by July 2014
Project M&E system established none by July 2014
Regular Project Progress Reports N/A from 1st Q 2014
Number of Lessons Learned Reports prepared and disseminated**
0 5
Project audit Project Audited N/A annual
Key
Acti
vit
ies
Components Inputs
Component (1) Water supply infrastructure Component 1: 7,713 Component 2: 1.078 Component 3: 1370 Component 4: 1,298 Total: 11,374
Component (2) Environmental, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion
Component (3) Institutional support and Capacity building
Component (4) Project Management
** These are indicators and risks added as linked with the LDCF additional resources
1
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF MANAGEMENT CONCERNING A
PROPOSAL FOR THE GRANT TO THE KINGDOM OF LESOTHO FOR THE
LOWLANDS RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT
Management hereby submits the following Report and Recommendation for
implementation of a Global Environmental Facility (GEF)/Least Developed Country
Fund (LDCF) grant of US Dollars 4,416,210 (equivalent to UA 3,143,903) as funds to the
Lowlands Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Lesotho for the Climate Change
Adaptation for Sustainable Rural Water Supply in Lowlands.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Bank Group on 3rd October 2013 approved a UA 6.52 million ADF loan and a
grant of EUR 3.2 million from the RWSSI Trust Fund2 to the Kingdom of Lesotho to finance
the implementation of the Lesotho: Lowlands Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project
(LLRWSSP). The loan and grant entered into force on 30th September 2014 and 15th May 2015
respectively, and effectiveness for first disbursement was declared on 31st March 2015. The
expected outcomes of this finance comprise:
Increased and sustained access to improved water supply and sanitation services;
Equitable and inclusive improved hygiene practices in the project area; and
Improved community management of water supply and sanitation facilities.
1.2 The LDCF/Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) Council on 24th March 2017
approved the LDCF Work Program including the Project Identification Form (PIF) for the
Lesotho: Climate Change Adaptation for Sustainable Rural Water Supply in Lowlands Lesotho
(GEF ID: 8014) project, for an indicative LDCF grant of US $4,416,210. The GEF CEO’s
endorsement was received on 22 October 2018. The additional funding will climate proof the
ongoing LLRWSSP in Maseru and Berea Districts, and enhance security of water supply for
communities in the upstream catchment area supplying the baseline project.
2.0 INITIAL PROJECT
2.1 Project Context and Origin
2.1.1 To realize its Vision 2020, the Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho (GoL) prepared
its National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) for the fiscal period 2012/13 to 2016/17. The
key pillars of the NSDP are to (i) pursue inclusive growth; (ii) develop key infrastructure; (iii)
enhance skills base, technology adoption and foundation for innovation; (iv) improve health,
combat HIV and AIDS and reduce vulnerability; (v) reverse environmental degradation and
adapt to climate change; and (vi) promote peace and democratic governance and build effective
institutions. Under the infrastructure pillar, the NSDP identifies rehabilitation and development
of water supply and sanitation as one of the key priority areas for promoting economic growth
and reducing poverty.
2 The PIF for ID 8014 provides the following figures based on the then-current UA/USD exchange rate: AfDB
Loan USD 9,890,000 (equivalent to UA 7.04 million based on November 2017 exchange rate) and RWSSI Grant
USD 4,200,000 (equivalent to UA 2.99 million based on November 2017 exchange rate).
2
2.1.2 In the recent past, the country has undertaken a series of water sector reforms and re-
organization to strengthen regulatory, service provision, coordination and decentralisation and
achieve its vision. Lesotho revised its national Water Policy in 2007 and approved the Water
Act in 2008. These policy measures were implemented through the interim strategy for the
water and sanitation sector. The GoL has now embarked on developing its long-term water
sector strategy to consolidate the gains made so far and achieve its ultimate objective of
universal access embodied in the country’s Vision 2020. The long-term strategy under
development puts emphasis on building capacity to translate the water policy and Vision 2020
into action and strengthen the sector’s M&E system. The project was designed to contribute to
the implementation of this long-term strategy through capacity building, strengthening
monitoring and evaluation both at Project and sector levels, and enhancing service delivery
models for rural water supply and sanitation.
2.1.3 Within the context of the Bank’s Ten Year Strategy (2013 - 2022) and in view of the
country priorities, the Country Strategy Paper for Lesotho (CSP 2013-2017) identifies
infrastructure development and institutional capacity building as the pillars of the Bank
Group’s engagement in Lesotho. The provision of water and sanitation services is among them
and Lesotho is determined to achieve its Vision 2020 objective of providing universal access
to water supply and sanitation services to its population from the level of 76.7% and 25.1% for
national water supply and sanitation respectively as of 2009. This vision is further encapsulated
in the country’s national water policy and long-term water sector strategy under development.
Consequently, the proposed intervention was included in the Bank’s 2013 Lending Program.
2.1.4 The Bank’s intervention for the LLRWSSP was justified by the fact that water supply
and sanitation provision is one of the priority areas of the country’s NSDP and it is in alignment
with the Bank’s Strategy and CSP pillars. The intervention is in rural areas and contributes to
the achievement of the inclusive objective of the Strategy with its rural. The Project aims to
source water from a system being developed from surface water and will mainly gravitate to
the villages with no additional requirement of energy. Furthermore, the project contributes to
the achievement of the Bank’s Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Initiative (RWSSI) strategic
plan (2012-2015) approved by the Board.
2.1.5 The LLRWSSP is an extension of the Metolong Dam Water Supply Programme
(MDWSP) promoting the Bank’s Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) policy.
The project promotes the use of existing water resources in an equitable and sustainable manner
and extends the benefit from the MDWSP to the rural population. Bank’s involvement would
therefore add value to the sector dynamics based on its rich experience. The Project also
promotes donor coordination as it complements the intervention under MDWSP supported by
nine donors.
2.2 Project Objective
2.2.1 The development objective of the project is to contribute to the achievement of the
country’s Vision 2020 objective of improved health and social wellbeing of the population
through universal access to improved water and sanitation services. The specific objective is
to increase coverage in the project areas by providing improved, sustainable, equitable and
inclusive access to water supply and sanitation to an estimated 65,000 population in Maseru
and Brea districts where major bulk water supply infrastructure is being developed with support
from other Development Partners (DPs).
3
2.2.2 The LLRWSSP is expected to contribute to the overall well-being of the population
through a guaranteed supply of adequate quantities of drinking water at reasonable distance to
households, minimizing the risks of spread of water related disease, and reducing the burden
of water collection for women, girls, and members of households of vulnerable families. The
beneficiaries will participate in implementation through participatory planning and monitoring
of the project through the village leadership structures and through shouldering the cost of
individual connections.
2.3 Project Components
2.3.1 The LLRWSSP is based on a programmatic approach fully aligned to sector structures
and supports four components of the overall sector programme. The project has four
components as described below:
a) Water Infrastructure Development: This component focuses on: construction of 200 km
of trunk and distribution pipelines; 27 x 20m3 local storage reservoirs and break pressure
tanks; 450 communal water points; 1,500 private connections to households and
institutions.
b) Environmental Health, Sanitation and Hygiene promotion: this component supports:
promotion and education on health and hygiene in water and sanitation, including gender
sensitive information, education and communication (IEC) materials; construction of 36
public sanitation facilities at institutions, schools and health centres; construction of 280
Ventilated Improved Pits (VIPs) latrines for vulnerable households, (e.g. women and
orphan headed households).
c) Institutional Support and Capacity Development: under this component, the project
supports capacity building of project districts of Maseru and Berea and local communities
in various ways including: development and implementation of operational strategies for
cost recovery communication, private operator engagement, financing sanitation;
updating of RWS implementation guidelines; gender sensitive community sensitization
and stakeholder mobilization; training of VWHC and coordination committees and
strengthening sector M&E by institutionalising GIS planning tools and databases within
DRWS and its district offices.
d) Project Management: This component is responsible for project oversight and
management, monitoring and reporting system and project audit.
2.4 Project Cost and Financing Arrangements
2.4.1 The AfDB group contribution to the project for the period 2014 to 2017 was originally
valued UA 9.5 million, comprising an ADF loan of UA 6.52 and a grant of Euro 3.2 million
(equivalent to UA 3 million) from the RWSSI Trust Fund. The AfDB Group financing
contributes 81.7% of the total project costs totalling about UA 11.6 million, with the GoL and
other DPs contributing the remaining funding.
4
Table 1: Financing Plan of the ADF Funds for the project (In UA million)
Components 2014 2015 2016 2017 TOTAL
Water Supply Infrastructure 91 2,469 2,916 1,017 6,494
Environmental Health, Sanitation
and Hygiene promotion 163 271 353 121 907
Institutional Support and
Capacity Building 610 183 183 177 1,154
Project Management and Eng.
Services 333 237 237 214 1,021
2.5 Project Implementation Status
2.5.1 Water Supply Infrastructure: During the April 2018 Bank supervision mission, the
Mission noted that physical progress was at about 90% against 37% payment on the works
contracts funded by the Loan, and that the contractors were fully mobilised on sites and actively
engaged with construction works. The Mission was informed that the Government was working
on establishing an institutional arrangement for managing water supply for the areas which will
benefit from the water supply works.
2.5.2 Environmental Health, Sanitation and Hygiene promotion: At the time of the April 2018
supervision mission, the draft designs and tender contracts for sanitation facilities were still
under procurement. The contract for consultants to undertake training of trainers (ToT) on
sanitation was signed 29th August 2017 and ongoing. Procurement of water quality testing
equipment was completed and delivered shortly before the supervision mission, and a shortlist
of NGOs/Consultants to undertake community sensitisation was under preparation.
2.5.3 Institutional Support and Capacity Building: At the time of the supervision mission, all
of these activities which were hitherto delayed beyond their schedule, were again ongoing in
accordance with the revised Project’s Implementation Plan. The eight apprentices engaged
under the project in April 2017 as a way of providing opportunities for the youth to be trained
for skills development continue to play active roles on the project. An additional three
apprentices will also be hired.
2.5.4 Project Management: During the April 2018 supervision mission, the Mission noted
that key personnel of the Project Implementation Team (PIT) were working on the project and
available during the mission. The mission was informed that an international Procurement
Specialist was recruited on a short term assignment to assist with moving the project forward,
and has made impactful contributions and built capacities across the DRWS, and the within the
DRWS. The Mission noted that apart from the Project coordinator who is a civil servant, the
project is implemented by recruited technical assistants who retain the project / institutional
memory. The Government has attached staff to the project for training and capacity
development of the DRWS and Government.
2.5.5 Overall programme disbursement stands at 37% and 17.32% as of April 2019 for the
ADF Loan and the RWSSI Trust Grant respectively. The loans and grant closing date were set
previously for 30th September 2018, but this has been extended to 30th September 2019 due to
accumulated delays and slow progress of procurement of goods, services and works.
5
2.5.6 The Bank’s current active portfolio in Lesotho is a total commitment of UA 41.545
million3. The performance of the portfolio has been generally rated satisfactory with a rating
of 2.23 (on a scale of 0 to 3)4, the same rating as in the 2009 Country Portfolio Performance
Review (CPPR), and an improvement on the rating of 1.97 in 2007. As at 31 December 2012,
the disbursement rate for ongoing projects was 75.4 percent (28.4 percentage points higher than
in 2009). The improved rating was attributed to project staff better understanding the Bank
rules and procedures, particularly procurement and disbursement related issues. However, a
number of implementation problems were experienced. These included delays in fulfilment of
loan/grant conditions, and delays in responding to the Government’s requests for “no
objection” or general questions on the projects.
3.0 REVISED PROJECT FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
3.1 Project Objectives and Description
3.1.1 The overall objective of the LDCF funded activities is to improve the livelihoods of
communities facing challenges caused by climate change through better water resources
management. The LDCF funded components will enhance the sustainability and resilience of
the LLRWSSP investments through activities such as identifying and addressing climate risks,
improving readiness of communities and institutions, and sharing experiences accumulated
through project implementation.
3.1.2 Lesotho is one of the poorest countries in the world and natural resources constitute the
primary source of livelihood for the majority of the Basotho population. Management of these
natural resources is therefore important and critical to the country’s long-term development.
The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report indicates that countries in south-eastern Africa like Lesotho
are likely to experience an increase in annual temperature of 1.5 to 2°C by 2050. In addition,
AR5 anticipates increased inter-annual rainfall variability, with more intense droughts across
the southern Africa region between 2020 and 2049.
3.1.3 The additional funding will allow Basotho communities to improve their resilience to
climate change impacts and ability to respond to the effects of reduced rainfall, while
supporting the construction of more resilient infrastructure and more sustainable natural
resource management practices, including catchment management, in Berea and Maseru
districts and the catchment area upstream of the initial project areas.
3.1.4 The expected outcomes for the additional activities include:
Climate change risks for the targeted communities are identified and documented;
Adaptation technologies for water supply are identified, acquired and disseminated
including the development and implementation of an integrated catchment management
plan for the larger Metolong catchment; Monitoring and early warning systems in place
(with the participation of the Lesotho Meteorological Services) to mitigate risks.
Strengthened institutional capacity for better water resources management;
Strengthened institutional capacity to cope with projected impact of climate change on
3 Calculated from https://www.afdb.org/en/projects-and-operations/project-portfolio/lesotho/ (accessed 17
November 2017) 4 2013 -2017 AfDB country strategic paper
6
water as well as for in house management, monitoring and evaluation of climate change
adaptation projects; Best practices for adaptation (including gender specific measures)
are identified.
Strengthened awareness of the local communities on climate change and its impact on
the natural resources within the project area; Enhanced ownership of the proposed
adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures by the communities through a
participatory approach, Adaptation technologies are adopted by the institutions and
communities.
Proactive and structured Monitoring and Evaluation put in place to document lessons
learnt throughout and after project implementation; Lessons learnt are captured and
appropriately disseminated.
3.1.5 The project will contribute to strengthening rural communities by improving
livelihoods, reducing vulnerability, and providing support to develop income generating
activities. Moreover, a participative approach will be used to determine the adaptation
technologies to be deployed and ensure ownership for long-term sustainability. Women’s
priorities and needs as expressed through public consultations will be taken into account and
the project coordination team will ensure women’s participation in decision making with
respect to management of facilities.
Participatory process for project identification, design and implementation
3.1.6 A participatory approach has been used to define the activities and ensure ownership
for long-term sustainability. Going forward, the project will ensure processes that also take into
account women’s priorities and needs with respect to output delivery and the resulting
facilities, and encourage women’s participation in decision making and project
implementation.
3.1.7 During preparation and appraisal of the LDCF funded activities, several consultations
were held during the period August to November 2017, with staff from the Commissioner of
Water’s office, Department of Rural Water Supply and Department of Water Affairs, the
LWRSSP Project Implementation Team, other line ministries such as the Ministry of
Agriculture, and civil society organisations. These consultations included a day-long kick-off
meeting held on 1 September 2017, an initial consultative workshop hosted by the AfDB and the
Commissioner of Water held on 3 October 2017, and a validation workshop held on 8 November
2017. Workshop participants included 41 people from various sectors, national departments,
district councils, and village chiefs. These consultations were instrumental in finalizing the design
of the project.
3.1.8 The project also extensively used gathered data, information and lessons from the
baseline supervision missions undertaken by the Bank, where relevant stakeholders, including
project beneficiaries, women, men, line ministries, district councils, Traditional Authorities,
and development partners were consulted.
3.1.9 A summary of keys issues and observations made during the consultations that shaped
the design of the project included the following:
7
(a) Stakeholders recommended that the additional project components focus on the
catchment area upstream of the AfDB project and other unserved communities in Maseru
and Berea districts. The upstream catchment area governs the quantity and quality of
water supplying the LLRWSSP, and while the Metolong Dam Water Supply Programme
has an associated catchment management plan, it does not explicitly address climate
change and its impacts. Similarly, there is a need to address the increased climate
vulnerability of communities in the LLRWSSP project area;
(b) Stakeholders stressed the importance of community participation to ensure measures are
sustainable and reflect local needs, capabilities and constraints. The project design
should, according to them, ensure community involvement in all stages of the project,
make allowance for indigenous knowledge, establish community focal groups on climate
change issues and translate all climate change policies and strategies into community by-
laws; and
(c) Stakeholders also recommended that the LDCF project use as much as possible the
existing AfDB project management structure, procurement mechanisms, and staff, in
order to reduce start-up costs and speed delivery and ensure consistency. Additional
details of the consultations are included in Annex C1.
3.1.10 Technical solutions retained are based on existing options for improving the climate-
resiliency of water sources known and implemented within Lesotho and are as follows:
3.1.11 Output 1.2 (Under Component 1 of the Project): Climate resilient water supply
technologies installed, and included as enhancements to the integrated catchment management
plan.
1.2.2 Identification and installation of climate resilient water supply technology – for
example boreholes of appropriate depth, rainwater harvesting and diversification of
resources.
1.2.4 Identification and installation of climate resilient WASH measures in the
upstream catchment area.
3.1.12 Alternatives explored are shown below.
Alternative Brief description Reasons for rejection
1.1. Reticulation of
supply from the
secondary and tertiary
pipeline network
This would involve
extending the LLWRSSP
distribution network to
small, isolated settlements
The cost of extending the network
for isolated settlements would be
prohibitive;
Settlements upstream of the
Metolong Dam would be difficult
to reach using the gravity flow
scheme (GFS) in use for most of the
LLRWSSP.
1.2. Sand dams and
earth dams
Involves construction of
impoundments to capture
stream / river water for use in
dry periods
Many settlements are relatively
distant from rivers and streams,
leading to unacceptably long travel
times to collect water.
8
Alternative Brief description Reasons for rejection
1.3. Business as usual Continued reliance on
traditional springs for water
Springs are increasingly running
dry due to climate variability, land
use changes, rising demand as
populations grow.
3.1.13 Best practices and lessons learned from the implementation of past sector
projects in Lesotho as well as those supported by other donors were taken into account in the
formulation and design of the LDCF funded activities. Lessons learned were gathered through
consultations with stakeholders and via multiple published and unpublished documents,
including the Project Appraisal Report for the LRWSSP; World Bank Working Paper No. 200:
Lesotho Highlands Water project: Communication practices for Governance and sustainability
improvement; Parker, A.N. 1997 Participation and decentralisation in rural development:
lessons from the Lesotho highlands water project; and the LLRWSSP October 2017
supervision mission report.
3.1.14 Erreur ! Source du renvoi introuvable.The table below presents the lessons and
describes how they have been incorporated into the project design. Further details on lessons
from past Project Completion Reports (PCRs) have been captured in Technical Annex B1.
Table 2: Lessons Learned from Past Interventions
Lesson How lesson is incorporated into project
design Ownership and participation of beneficiaries improve sustainability of project benefits. Effective community participation ensures ownership and participation of beneficiaries.
The project is designed around community participation. Under component 3, activities are specifically designed around awareness and participatory approaches to strengthened community awareness of climate change and enhanced their ownership of the activities to be undertaken under components 1 and 2.
The use of existing institutional arrangements/country structures ensures seamless coordination and also builds sustainable capacity in the institutions.
The project will use existing sector structures to implement the project thereby creating the capacity for implementing larger programmes. Implementation is to be done through the Department of Rural Water Supply of targeted districts, Community councils and community water associations.
Capacity development at all levels, community, district, national level is critical and should be continuous for long term sustainability.
The project includes a component on capacity development under which national, district and local stakeholders are trained on improved water resources management with consideration for climate change.
Improving monitoring and evaluation capacity for tracking gender and social results and enhancing accountability is important.
Gender disaggregated indicators will be developed for relevant activities, and a strong M&E system will be put in place.
Community mobilization and sensitization on hygiene and sanitation should always precede construction and it should be a continuous process to avoid some social challenges and bring about desirable behavioural changes.
Throughout the project, Component 3 is designed to provide continuous community mobilization and training. In connection with the Ministry of Health, the baseline project is also providing training on hygiene and sanitation.
9
3.2 Description of Additional Activities to be Carried Out
3.2.1 Water adaptation alternatives and technologies proposed for inclusion following LDCF
support will be in the form of both:
implementation of technological tools and equipment, and
approaches and management strategies relevant to climate change adaptation.
3.2.2 The selection and implementation of specific water adaptation alternatives and
technologies is best done within integrated planning and management frameworks. It is thus
proposed that alternatives be aligned with existing programmes in place both in Lesotho and
in the larger region, and specific to the Metolong related programmes and projects. The main
focus of proposed solutions will address water challenges in: (i) communities upstream of the
Metolong dam. The dam is the primary source of water for all other villages provided with
piped water via the LLRWSSP, and (ii) communities upstream of the dam, who will not be
reached by the piped water supply. In the absence of LDCF investment these communities will
continue to depend on traditional water supplies, which are vulnerable to climate variability.
The focus is on communities that are too small to be reached economically by the pipelines. In
the absence of alternatives, these community members may respond to climate shocks by
moving to villages served by the piped schemes, which could result in demand exceeding the
pipeline’s delivery capacity, or may take other measures to access water that damage the
LLRWSSP infrastructure or threaten its long-term viability.
3.2.3 Based on these criteria, the CoW identified the following communities and institutions
as the focus of the additional LDCF funding:
Maseru District: 20 downstream communities totalling 11,646 people, as well as 10
schools and 2 health centres.
Berea District: 19 upstream communities totalling 6,463 people, and 8 downstream
communities totalling 1,004 people.
3.2.4 The additional activities to be carried out with LDCF support are packaged into four
mutually reinforcing components:
(i) Identifying climate risks and reducing vulnerability to climate change in the water
sector for communities in the project area. Activities in Component 1 focus on
assessing the climate vulnerability of LLRWSSP infrastructure, of smaller
communities in the project area that are not served by the initial LLRWSSP, and of
communities in the upstream catchment area that feeds the Metolong Dam and the
LLRWSSP. It is expected that the most viable and cost-effective climate resilience
measures for communities being served by the LLRWSSP will focus on demand
management, thus ensuring that their livelihoods are not threatened in the event of
reduced supply. For communities upstream of Metolong Dam and those unserved
communities in the initial project area, LDCF support in Component 1 is expected
to assess the interconnectivity and sustainability of groundwater resources, and
support the identification and installation of climate resilient water supply
10
technologies (boreholes, rainwater harvesting systems, etc) and climate resilient
WASH infrastructure to meet their needs. Finally, activities in Component 1 will
support the upgrading of hydro-meteorological stations and rain gauges to provide
data for improved community decision making and feed into the Lesotho
Meteorological Service’s existing and enhanced early warning systems (EWS).
While improved data does not automatically lead to improved early warning
systems, it is a necessary component. Further measures related to EWS capacity
building are described in Component 2 below.
(ii) Component 2 focuses on Capacity Development for Improved Water Resource
Management. In Component 2, LDCF support will help to strengthen policies and
frameworks, and build institutional capacity at the district and national level to
mainstream climate resilience into ongoing projects and programmes. These efforts
are intended to influence not only the LLRWSSP, but also the overall Metolong Dam
Water Supply Programme, and potential follow-on projects in other parts of the
country. In addition, the LLRWSSP is overseen by a Project Steering Committee
(PSC) involving representation from across Government. Therefore, this
institutional capacity building work can help to mainstream awareness of climate
change and climate resilience across a range of Government departments and
contribute to efforts to scale up the outputs and impacts from the LDCF supported
activities.
Specific policy and planning activities include work to integrate awareness of climate
risks into key water resource management plans, regulations and guidelines, including
revisions and updates to strategies and frameworks for bringing on board private /
community water operators, strategies for financing rural water sanitation services,
and the planned development of a comprehensive rural water supply and sanitation
implementation manual. Component 2 will also help ensure the climate resilience of
the LLRWSSP by supporting a review and update of the Metolong integrated
catchment management plan with climate change considerations and through
development of the integrated water resources demand management plan mentioned
to be implemented under Component 1.
In terms of institutional capacity building, activities in Component 2 will enhance the
ability of Commissioner of Water staff and their colleagues in the Met Service and
other agencies to evaluate water related risks and communicate them effectively to
relevant communities, continuously review and improve their adaptation strategies,
improve their management and M&E of climate adaptation activities, and mainstream
climate change adaptation into the operational rule of the Metolong Dam.
Furthermore, Component 2 will support the preparation of best practice guidelines for
climate change adaptation approaches in the water sector in Lesotho, with a particular
emphasis on gender specific considerations and measures. The activities in
Component 2 will therefore help to mainstream climate change and climate resilience
beyond the defined project period, and set the stage for replication and scale up of
these efforts.
(iii) In Component 3, LDCF support will focus on generating community-driven
approaches to climate resilience and catchment management. Consultations
undertaken during the project preparation stage revealed that communities already
have some awareness of climate change and likely impacts. Component 3 activities
11
will therefore reinforce and deepen this understanding, building where appropriate on
indigenous knowledge. As part of the support provided to communities upstream of
Metolong Dam, the project will support participatory approaches to obtain community
input into the revisions to the Metolong catchment management plan described in
Component 2 above. Finally, activities in Component 3 will employ participatory
approaches to involve women and men in upstream communities and un-served
communities in the LLRWSSP area in the selection and implementation of appropriate
climate resilient water supply and sanitation technologies and measures. These
activities are intended to ensure that the climate resilience technologies and measures
implemented in Component 1 above are appropriate, and that there is sufficient
community buy-in and commitment to management structure to ensure their long term
sustainability.
(iv) Component 4 - Knowledge Management and Monitoring and Evaluation, ensures that
beneficiary communities, the LLRWSSP implementation team, and other
stakeholders are able to contribute to the collection and dissemination of information
regarding lessons learned and good practice in implementing climate resilient water
supply and sanitation projects. Building on existing M&E data collection tools
developed for the LLRWSSP, the activities in Component 4 will aim to collect
relevant monitoring and evaluation data for all project components and activities,
synthesis lessons learned and seek validation from community members and other
stakeholders, and support participation at adaptation practitioners’ events and sharing
of lessons with other stakeholders within Lesotho and outside the country.
3.2.5 The project will therefore comprise bottom up and top down approaches as it will
empower both the rural communities affected as well as prepare the government to understand
and undertake adaptation actions related to climate change. The project will also generate
benefits in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, and especially SDG 6: “Ensure
availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. It is the intention of
the Commissioner of Water that the LDCF supported activities will be used as a benchmark
for future initiatives in Lesotho and region. The initial LLRWSSP does not specifically address
risks (and possible actions) related to climate change. Building on the existing national
programmes, LDCF will support the additional cost of ensuring that water resources
management is integrated into key sector policies, systems and practices through the design
and implementation of integrated water resources management and innovative policy tools
tailored specifically to the context of Lesotho. Moreover, a participative approach will be used
to determine the adaptation technologies to be deployed in order to respond to the exact needs
of the communities. Lessons learned from the project will be documented. These will promote
ownership and allow smoother replicability of the project initiative in the long run.
3.2.6 The components, activities and expected results indicators are further detailed in the
table below, and in Annexes 3 and 4.
12
Table 3: Components and associated activities
Nr. Component Activities
1
Identifying
Climate Risks and
Reducing
vulnerability to
climate change in
the water sector for
communities in the
project area
Activity 1.1.1: Conduct assessment of likely climate change
impact on smaller communities in the baseline project area
Activity 1.1.2: Conduct assessment of likely climate change
impact on communities in upstream catchment area
Activity 1.1.3: Conduct assessment of climate change impact on
LLRWSSP infrastructure
Activity 1.2.1: Assessment of interconnectivity and sustainability
of existing groundwater (boreholes/springs) sources by
determining how much of local groundwater is dependent on
rainfall.
Activity 1.2.2: Identification and installation of climate resilient
water supply technology – for example boreholes of appropriate
depth, rainwater harvesting and diversification of resources
Activity 1.2.3: Implementation of the Integrated Demand
Management Plan to be prepared under component 2, also in line
with existing programmes put in place for Lesotho.
Activity 1.2.4: Identification and installation of climate resilient
WASH measures in the upstream catchment area
Activity 1.3.1: Installation of hydro-meteorological stations / rain
gauges for long-term monitoring to collect quality information and
for early warning
2
Capacity
Development for
Improved Water
Resources
Management
Activity 2.1.1: Integrate climate risks into plans, regulations and
planning guidelines related to water resource management. This
includes revision and update of: (i) Strategy and framework for
bringing-on-board private/community operators; (ii) Strategy for
financing rural sanitation services; and (iii) Comprehensive rural
water supply and sanitation implementation guidelines/ manual.
Activity 2.1.2: Review / update integrated catchment management
plan for the larger Metolong catchment to ensure climate change
consideration is mainstreamed, in line with catchment
management activities as outlined in the Long Term Water and
Sanitation Strategy
Activity 2.1.3: Development of an integrated demand management
plan to reduce vulnerability to rainfall variability in the baseline
and LDCF project area
Activity 2.2.1: Institutional capacity development to evaluate
water related risks, to plan for contingencies and to communicate
effectively to relevant communities
13
Nr. Component Activities
Activity 2.2.2: Institutional capacity development to allow
continuous review and improvement of adaptation strategy
Activity 2.2.3: Development of in-house capacity to manage
climate change adaptation activities as well as for monitoring and
evaluation activities
Activity 2.2.4: Mainstream climate change adaptation in operation
rule of Metolong Dam
Activity 2.3.1: Prepare guidelines for best practice climate change
adaptation approaches, including gender specific measures
3
Awareness Raising
of Local
Communities on
Climate Change
Adaptation
Activity 3.1.1: Reinforcement of local communities on climate
change and its impact on the natural resources within the project
area, including consideration of indigenous knowledge
Activity 3.2.1: Participatory approaches to obtain local input into
Metolong catchment management planning and enhanced
community ownership of proposed adaptation structures, plans,
technologies and measures
Activity 3.3.1: Participatory approaches to involve women and
men in the selection and implementation of climate change
structures, plans, technologies and measures
4
Knowledge
Management and
Monitoring and
Evaluation
Activity 4.1.1: Collection of monitoring and evaluation data;
preparation of reports
Activity 4.2.1: Synthesis of lessons learned and dissemination of
reports, project briefs and updates
Activity 4.2.2: Support participation at adaptation practitioner’s
events and knowledge production for dissemination inside and
outside the country
3.3 Estimated Additional Project Cost
3.3.1 The LDCF grant totalling USD 4,416,210 (equivalent to UA 3,143,904) will finance
activities to improve resilience against climate variability and change. These are additional
costs related to adaptation in the previously described target regions under section 3.1. The
breakdown of the LDCF resources are as outlined below and details are in Annex 3.
14
Table 4: Breakdown of LDCF by Component and Expenditure Schedule (in UA)
Components Yr1 Yr2 Yr3 Yr4 Total
Component 1 Identifying Climate
Risks and reducing vulnerability to climate change in the water sector
for communities in the project area
319,564 663,650 628,055 367,815 1,979,084
Component 2: Capacity
Development for Improved Water Resource Management
182,857 231,707 94,446 - 509,009
Component 3: Awareness Raising
of Local Communities on Climate Change Adaptation
215,874 146,484 - - 362,357
Component 4: Knowledge
Management and Monitoring and
Evaluation
23,170 43,821 43,821 33,141 143,953
Project Management 37,375 37,375 37,375 37,375 149,499
Total base cost 778,840 1,123,036 803,696 438,331 3,143,904
3.3.2 The revised overall costs under the components of the baseline project are as outlined
below.
Table 5: Revised Project Costs
Component of the LLRWSSP Initial
(million UA)
Additional
(million UA)
Total
(million UA)
1. Water Supply Infrastructure 7.713 1.726 9.439
2. Environmental Health, Sanitation and Hygiene promotion
1.078 0.340 1.418
3. Institutional Support and Capacity Building 1.37 0.928 2.298
4. Project Management and Eng. Services 1.213 0.149 1.362
Total 11.374 3.144 14.518
3.4 Revised Project Implementation Schedule
3.4.1 The additional LDCF funding is coming at a time when the initial baseline project
(LRWSSP) is already 3 years into implementation with a revised closing date of September
2019. The additional LDCF funding is scheduled for a 48-month disbursement period with a
last disbursement date of approximately September 2021. The overall scheduling will be
adjusted to accommodate the additional funding.
3.5 Project Implementation
3.5.1 Implementation Arrangements: The institutional and implementation arrangements of
the baseline project will be maintained for the LDCF project. The Kingdom of Lesotho will
15
continue to be the recipient of the grant. The Executing Agency is the Commissioner of Water
(CoW) under the Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and Water Affairs (MEMWA). The CoW
will be responsible for the overall coordination of planning, implementation and monitoring of
the Programme. The implementation of the programme will continue to be managed through
existing national decision-making structures, utilizing national planning, procurement,
budgeting, accounting and reporting systems.
3.5.2 It is expected that community members and community based organisations (CBOs) in
the upstream and downstream project areas and, where appropriate, civil society organisations
(CSOs) will take an active role in the identification and implementation of capacity building,
adaptation planning and catchment management activities. Procurement related to these
activities will be subject to the procurement arrangements described in the following section.
3.5.3 The existing Project Implementation Team (PIT), will also be the PIT for the additional
activities under LDCF funding and responsible for the overall quarterly and annual reporting.
Activities under LDCF funding will follow the time frame outlined in Annex 5. The PIT is run
under the direct supervision of the Director for Department of Rural Water Supply (DRWS). It
is constituted by experts in the roles of Project Coordinator, Procurement / Contracts
Management Expert, and Project Accountant. This team will coordinate the input of different
units within CoW, DRWS, and District Water Department (DWD). The Ministry of Health
(MoH) will assign a hygiene focal person who will be a member of the PIT and mobilise the
input of the MoH and District Environmental Health Officers. Additionally, in order to build
capacity and skills development of the youth, 11 apprentices are engaged to support the
implementation of the project.
3.5.4 The technical capacity of CoW, DRWS and DWD has been strengthened via the
baseline LLRWSSP and is sufficient to implement most aspects of the LDCF funded activities.
Implementation of the additional LDCF funded activities will be carried out by the departments
implementing the LLRWSSP. At the national level, the DRWS will be the main
implementation agency through its various divisions involved at different levels. The
Department central staffing is adequate and highly qualified. At the district level, DWD will
be implemented through coordination with District Councils. Annex 8 provides the Water
Sector Institutional framework outlining the management structure under which the project is
being implemented. However, during the implementation of the baseline LLRWSSP, limited
capacity with respect to procurement consequently resulted in some delays in the
implementation of the project. As a result, corrective action is underway to hire an international
procurement specialist. Additionally the PIT will add experts in water and sanitation and
climate change to assist in implementation of ongoing and the LDCF funded activities.
3.5.5 To ensure that the additional funds does not result in exceeding the implementation and
procurement capacity of the PIT, a “Project Technical Specialist” and a “Procurement
Specialist” will be hired specifically to support the PIT on additional activities.
3.5.6 In order to ensure high-level (i.e. senior level) coordination with similar initiatives and
other Government programmes, the project will receive direction from the existing Project
Steering Committee (PSC). The PSC will provide a higher level of oversight, and policy and
strategic guidance and coordination for the implementation of the project. Members of the PSC
include Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development Planning, Ministry of Gender, Youth
Sport and Recreation, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Local Government, the Water and
16
Sewerage Company (WASCO), Lesotho Electricity and Water Authority (LEWA), CoW and
MEMWA and NGOs. See Annex B3 for further details on implementation arrangements.
3.6 Procurement Arrangement for LDCF Resources
3.6.1 Procurement of goods (including non-consultancy services), works and the acquisition
of consulting services, financed by the Bank for the Project, shall be carried out in accordance
with the “Procurement Policy and Methodology for Bank Group Funded Operations (BPM)”,
dated October 2015 and following the provisions stated in the Financing Agreement.
Specifically, procurement would be carried out following:
Borrower Procurement System (BPS): Specific Procurement Methods and Procedures
(PMPs) under BPS comprising its Laws and Regulations (Procurement Regulations 2007
and its accompanying Procurement Manual 2007 and Procurement Regulations 2018).
The BPS shall not be used for any goods, works or consulting services contracts
financed by the LDCF grant except for very low value miscellaneous operational costs..
Bank Procurement Policy and Methodology (BPM): Bank Standard Procurement
Methods and Procedures (PMPs), using the relevant Bank Standard Solicitation
Documents (SSDs), for contracts that are either: (i) above the thresholds indicated in
Annex B5 or (ii) in case BPS is not relied upon for a specific transaction or group of
transactions; and (iii) in case BPM have been found to be the best fit for purpose for a
specific transaction or group of transactions.
3.6.2 Waiver of the Rule of Origin. This LDCF grant is administered by the African
Development Bank. Consequently, under sub-paragraph 1(d) of Article 17 of the Agreement
Establishing the Bank, the procurement of goods, works and consulting services is limited only
to those countries that are member countries of the Bank (this restriction is referred to as the
“Rule of Origin”). Given that this Project has also received ADF funding, it is recommended
that the Board of Directors of the Bank grant a waiver to the rule of origin to allow for universal
procurement under the Project in order to facilitate project implementation in the Kingdom of
Lesotho (which is an ADF country).
3.6.3 Procurement Risks and Capacity Assessment (PRCA): Assessments of procurement
risks at the country, sector and project levels as well as the procurement capacity at the level
of the Executing Agency were undertaken for the Project. The findings have informed the
decisions on the procurement arrangements being used for specific transactions or groups of
similar transactions under the project. The appropriate risk mitigation measures and details of
the procurement management arrangements are presented in Technical Annex B5.
3.7 Financial Management, Disbursement and Audit Arrangements
3.7.1 Financial Reporting and External Audit: Financial management for additional funds
will remain same as for the ongoing project LLRWSSP. Therefore the overall responsibility
for financial reporting will rest with the Head of Accounts, DRWS, as the head of the Finance
Department. The budgeting systems from formulation, approval, execution, monitoring and
reporting has been found to be adequate. In this regard similar budgeting system will be used
for the additional funds. The current project accountant handling the ongoing project will
manage the financial transactions for the additional funds. The additional funds will be
accounted for using the accounting system being utilized by the ongoing project as this system
17
has been found to be adequate in maintaining the project transactions and for reporting
purposes. The ongoing project is being implemented in a functions and strong internal control
system, the additional funds will be implemented under similar internal control environment.
The ongoing project quarterly reports have been submitted in time and were found satisfactory
and acceptable. In addition the annual financial reports for the ongoing project were prepared
and submitted for audit due diligence within the stipulated time and the quality was found to
be adequate and acceptable. The additional funding needs to be adequately and separately
disclosed in the current financial reports. The interim quarterly reports should be submitted to
the Bank not later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter. The audit report on the
ongoing operations were submitted to the Bank within the stipulated timeline and did not
identify any major issues. The audit report was unqualified (clean) and was accepted by the
Bank. The current audit Terms of reference for the ongoing operation will need to be updated
to include the audit of this new funds. In accordance with the Bank requirements, the audited
financial statements with the audit opinion and the management letter should be submitted to
the Bank not later than 6 months after end of each financial period. The Bank will continue to
provide support during fiduciary clinics and regular supervisions. Desk review of interim
financial reports will also provide regular monitoring. Detailed financial management,
disbursement and auditing arrangements are included in Annex B.4 of the Technical Annexes.
3.7.2 Disbursement Arrangement: Financial management for additional funds will be similar
to the LLRWSSP arrangement. The ongoing project disbursement has been managed
satisfactory and there has been no challenges noted. The project will use the various Bank
disbursement methods including (i) Direct Payment, (ii) Special Account (SA) and (iii)
Reimbursement methods in accordance with Bank rules and procedures as laid out in the
Disbursement Handbook. A Special Account, in foreign currency exists for the baseline project
at the Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) to be operated by DRWS. To facilitate payment of
eligible operating costs and to manage currency exchange risk, a local sub-account will be
opened and managed by DRWS as per the existing financial rules and regulations. Subject to
putting in place the procedures to ensure separation of accounting and reconciliation of
additional funds, the ministry is desirous of keeping existing accounts and not opening
additional new accounts.
3.7.3 In terms of operational procedures for the local sub-account, DRWS through the
appropriate authorising signatory will issue instructions to CBL requesting funds to be
transferred from the project Special Account into the local sub-accounts at the commercial
bank. Transfers will be based on approved, quarterly eligible expenditure cash flow projections
prepared from the project’s approved annual work programme and budget. Consequently, the
Head of Accounts DRWS will ensure that no excessive or idle funds remain in the sub-accounts
at the local commercial bank. Preparation of documentation for both special account
replenishment and all direct payments will be under the overall responsibility of the Head of
Account, who will be assisted by the dedicated Project Accountant. The GoL through the
Ministry of Finance (MoF) will submit to the Bank, details of the bank accounts together with
specimen signatures.
3.8 Monitoring and Evaluation
3.8.1 The Monitoring and Evaluation Plan will be consistent with that of the original
Programme. The CoW will prepare progress reports on a quarterly basis which will highlight
the progress towards meeting the project’s targets as reflected in the project result-based logical
framework. In addition to submitting to the Bank, these reports will also be shared with the
18
Ministry of Environment, Meteorology and Water Affairs (MEMWA), for use in the national
M&E system. Apart from reports, monitoring and evaluation will also be undertaken through
supervision visits and missions. Quarterly supervision visits and review meetings (by the
Project Task Force and PSC), and Bank missions will track implementation progress,
challenges and strategically plan the way forward.
3.8.2 The sector’s M&E framework, prepared with support from AWF, will be an important
tool in the monitoring and evaluation of the project. In addition, the sector prepares annual
Sector Performance Report (SPR) which is reviewed at the Joint Sector Review. The SPR will
also include the performance and contribution of the project to achievement of the sector
targets.
3.8.3 For the additional funds being allocated from the LDCF a Mid-Term Review will be
conducted at the mid-point of the project – expected in late 2019 / early 2020. The Mid-Term
Review will be conducted jointly by the Bank and the Ministry of Energy, Meteorology, and
Water Affairs. Additionally, a terminal evaluation will be conducted by an independent expert
or expert team and will begin before project closure and be completed and submitted to the
Global Environment Facility (GEF) no later than 6 months after closure of the LDCF project.
Furthermore, Annual Monitoring Reviews and annual Project Implementation Reviews will be
submitted at appropriate deadline times as required by the GEF.
3.9 Risks and Mitigations Measures for the Additional Activities
The following table updates the risks and mitigation measures information described in the
LLRWSSP PAR as well as a few additional risks identified to be tracked and mitigated against
related to LDCF-funded activities.
Table 6: Project risks and proposed mitigation measures
Risk Mitigation Measure
Risk #1: Insufficient capacity for
project implementation.
Mitigation #1: Continued advocacy and awareness
raising at all levels to ensure commitment to
mainstreaming climate change into sector plans,
budgets, and policy frameworks. Due consideration
will be given to involving traditional governance
structures in an appropriate manner.
Risk #2: The risk of sustainability of
the baseline project and adaptation
measures.
Mitigation #2: Community mobilization and
engagement throughout the project development
process. The project is incorporating (i) the
development of gender and social responsive
communication strategies, (ii) activities to sensitize
communities on implications of climate change and
inclusive response strategies, and (iii) district and
national policy measures to mainstream climate
change considerations throughout the water sector.
Risk #3: Inadequate capacity at local
level to implement the project and
sustainably manage the infrastructure.
Mitigation #3: Effective capacity development at
community and local government level while
pursuing policy dialogue with the government and
development partners to sustain the decentralization
process
19
Risk Mitigation Measure
Risk #4: Insufficient coordination
amongst stakeholders.
Mitigation #4: Develop champions within the
Government and community members to promote
adaptation. Getting the information developed and
developing the right messages, as well as
dissemination in the appropriate formats will be the
ways that the project will result in positive
outcomes.
Additional risks identified as part of activities expansion
Risk #5: Increased climate variability
exceeds the design parameters of the project infrastructure
Mitigation #5: The LDCF project takes a multi-
pronged approach to reducing vulnerability to
climate impacts by increasing knowledge and
awareness of climate change, promoting
conservation and demand management,
establishing more reliable water supplies and
supporting alternative livelihood activities to
strengthen community resilience to transient
shocks.
Risk #6: High dependence on natural
resources and weak coping
mechanism - especially unsustainable
livestock activities in the upstream
catchment area
Mitigation #6: Improved human skills and capacity
to diversify livelihoods
3.10 Sustainability
3.10.1 Implementation of the additional facilities /project components will involve all
stakeholders, including the beneficiary communities, to ensure a sense of ownership and
commitment as well as sustainability of the improved catchment management, the sanitation
facilities, and the water supplies. In each component, a heavy emphasis will be placed upon the
financial, environmental, and social sustainability of investments to be made. The water
systems will take into account affordability of services in the design of the facilities such that
the ability and willingness to pay of the beneficiaries is not compromised. This understanding
will be captured and reflected in the feasibility studies of each specific investment.
3.10.2 Support will be provided for capacity building and awareness raising activities for
farmers, artisans/masons, community groups, and local leaders to ensure the ongoing support
for the measures and thus enhance the institutional sustainability of the programme.
3.10.3 The sustainability of the project activities will also be enhanced through the
Government’s efforts to engender ownership in the local communities and local authorities /
districts where the activities are implemented. The project will take the same approach as the
LLRWSSP in general and encourage that communities, equally represented by both women
and men, be actively involved in the planning, selection and implementation of the specific
facilities, thereby increasing the sense of ownership.
3.10.4 It should be noted that in the undertaking of the various projects that the teams will not
work in isolation. Similarly, communities across the project area will be encouraged to interact
and share experiences. This will allow for the dissemination of data and ideas, which will result
in a thorough analysis and subsequent implementation, ensuring a lasting impact.
20
3.11 Environmental and Social Management
3.11.1 The project (including baseline and LCDF activities) are anticipated to bring social and
economic benefits in the target districts thereby contributing to the socio-economic status of
the people. The additional funding activities are also deemed as Category 2. All water and
sanitation facilities will be subject to the approved updated ESMP of the ongoing LLRWSSP.
Activities relating to the promotion of improved catchment management, environmental health,
sanitation and hygiene, institutional support and capacity building are deemed to have a
positive impact on the environment and therefore complementary to the ESMP. Additional
activities will enhance measures to maximize the use of groundwater and rainwater for climate
adaptation and development, to deal with the increased weather extremes, highs and lows,
which are expected as result of climate change. Designs will consider projected climate change
scenarios within their preparation.
Gender: Climate change in Lesotho affects both women and men, while traditionally their roles
differ. Women and girls are the main collectors of water for domestic use and as such are
responsible for water management at the household level. They are also the major promoters
of sanitation activities at household and community levels. They bear the impact of inadequate,
deficient or inappropriate water and sanitation services. However, men still dominate the arena
of planning and decision making regarding water and sanitation development. Women’s views
are often under-represented, implying that women’s practical and strategic needs are not being
addressed. Related to climate-resilient water resources, the additional funding will help to free
women and girls of the burden of having to spend excessive time collecting and carrying water
in the dry season - often from sources distant from their houses. This reduction in burden allows
women and girls time for other activities including furthering their education and participating
in income generating activities. This can reduce their vulnerability to shocks, including climatic
shocks.
3.11.2 Men and boys are mainly responsible for crop and livestock production. Herdsmen and
boys look after animals that are dependent mainly on water for drinking and grass for grazing.
Overgrazed or poorly managed landscapes are less able to absorb rainfall and contribute to soil
erosion. Trainings and sensitization provided through the project will include herd men and
boys in the upstream catchment areas. As lack of formal education is an issue in these areas,
IEC materials with drawings will be used to convey messages.
3.11.3 Key gender related features of the project include:
Informing policy makers on the local knowledge on climate change that will be
gathered during community gatherings.
Updating the RWS implementation guidelines and introducing best practice gender
sensitive implementation guidelines. Women’s needs and priorities will be identified
through consultations held during community gatherings and taken into account
throughout implementation.
Women and men will have a voice at the design stage for local climate resilience
measures, for example on the location of water points. Women and girls will have the
opportunity to influence the choice of water points as appropriate in view of technical
considerations.
21
Working with the relevant government department, men, and especially otherwise
under-represented herd men/boys will be given the opportunity to give information on
appropriate tree seedlings to be planted to as part of catchment management activities.
Community Committees have a lower number of men. A suggestion by women during
the consultation was that water committees should have at least 7 members and out of
the seven at least 3 should be men. The balance of men and women is important in
regard to water control measures.
Women are also to be trained on group dynamics so that they are not passive members
but active participants. This training will take into account cultural and other factors to
help overcome barriers that prevent women from voicing their opinions.
Community mobilization and gatherings will be carried out in a way that takes into
consideration age and gender to allow freedom of expression and encourages
participation.
3.11.4 To improve the monitoring and evaluation capacity for tracking gender and social
results and enhancing accountability is important, gender disaggregated indicators have been
developed for the relevant activities to ensure the integration of gender and cross-cutting issues
for project implementation.
3.11.5 Social and environment – The planned LDCF activities are focused on building climate
change considerations into activities that, in turn, reinforce the baseline project. Core measures
focus on community-based assessment of climate risks and adaptive capacity as well as
incorporation of climate resilience considerations into the catchment management activities in
the Metolong watershed, and delivery of small-scale water supply infrastructure like boreholes
and rooftop rainwater harvesting systems. Additional environmental impacts from these
activities are expected to be transient, for example, during the construction phase for boreholes,
with mitigation activities outlined in the ESMP. Access to potable water will be improved in
the villages and improved sanitation promoted in support of baseline LLRWSSP objectives.
The project will contribute to improved livelihoods of the communities. Through reduction of
soil loss to erosion, the catchment management activities will also contribute to agricultural
productivity and contribute to improved food security, although the primary aim of this activity
is to protect water sources. Many of the climate resilience activities are expected to lead to
improved livelihood security, even in the absence of climate change impacts. For example, the
promotion of alternative income generation activities like apiculture will support local job
creation and skills development. Deliberate efforts will be made to employ members in
communities close to the project sites in the delivery of project activities as appropriate. In
terms of negative social impacts, there may be the potential for conflict where people from
outside of the villages have to be employed, as well as the potential to transmit communicable
diseases such as HIV/AIDS. As specified in the update to the ESMP, these negative potential
impacts will be monitored, and contractors will be required to put in place sensitization and
prevention measures as part of the approach to mitigation.
3.11.6 Involuntary resettlement: No involuntary resettlement is envisioned as a result of the
project.
22
3.12 Climate Change
The project has been screened for climate risk and vulnerability. According to the assessment
the project is categorized as a Category 2, meaning the project may be vulnerable to climate
risk. However, a comprehensive review of climate change risks and adaptation measures have
already been undertaken and adaptation measures have already been integrated in the project
design and implementation plans.
4.0 RATIONALE FOR ADDITIONAL FINANCING
4.1.1 Lesotho is one of the poorest countries in the world and natural resources constitute the
primary source of livelihood for the majority of the Basotho population. Management of these
natural resources is therefore important and critical to the country’s long-term development.
The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report indicates that countries in south-eastern Africa like Lesotho
are likely to experience an increase in annual temperature of 1.5 to 2°C by 2050. In addition,
AR5 anticipates increased inter-annual rainfall variability, with more intense droughts across
the southern Africa region between 2020 and 2049.
4.1.2 The Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho coordinated the preparation of the
National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) 2007, which identified 11 priority
intervention areas, including securing sustainable water supply, and capacity building and
policy reform to integrate climate change into sectoral plans. It is expected that funding of the
identified priority intervention areas will stimulate interest among key stakeholders and also
lead to changes in planning approaches, resulting in integration of climate change issues into
development planning.
4.1.3 Sustainable water resources, both in terms of quantity and quality as well as sanitation
facilities are adversely affected by the effects of climate change. It is in this context that the
NAPA has identified water supply and sanitation as a sector vulnerable to climate change and
defined adaptation measures.
4.1.4 With the additional financing from LDCF, the LLRWSSP’s impact will be enhanced,
particularly with respect to resilience, sustainability of water facilities and natural resource
management in the face of climatic shocks. These additional resources will contribute to
improving the population’s living conditions.
4.1.5 Activities under the additional funding are directly aligned to the core objectives of the
Bank’s Strategy for 2013 – 2022, in particular the transition toward “green growth that will
protect livelihoods, improve water, energy and food security, promote the sustainable use of
natural resources and spur innovation, job creation and economic development”. The proposed
catchment management activities will encourage practices that will improve water resources
while creating economic opportunities for local communities. The infrastructure activities have
a heavy focus on natural resource management related to sustainable water and sanitation
management. In addition, this additional financing is in line with Pillar 2 (adaptation) of the
Bank’s second Climate Change Action Plan 2016-2020 (CCAP2), which aims to ensure low-
carbon and climate resilient development across the African continent.
4.1.6 The economic rate of return including the LDCF financed activities was estimated at
13%. With the implementation of adaptation activities, the Programme’s economic benefits
23
will increase, as well as its positive impacts on living conditions and infrastructure
sustainability. The programme is technically and economically viable.
5.0 LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND AUTHORITY
5.1 Legal Instruments
5.1.1 The legal instrument for the financing for the Project will be a Protocol of Agreement
for the GEF /LDCF Grant awarded to the Kingdom of Lesotho for the Climate Change
Adaptation for Sustainable Rural Water supply in Lowlands Lesotho Project. The Agreement
will be signed between the Kingdom of Lesotho and the Bank and Fund acting as the Executing
Agencies of the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
5.2 Conditions associated with the Bank Intervention
5.2.1 Conditions Precedent to Entry into Force of the Grant: The Protocol Agreement shall
enter into force on the date of its signature between the Recipient and the Bank.
5.2.2 Conditions Precedent to First Disbursement of LDCF Grant: The obligation of the
Bank to make the first disbursement for the Grant shall be conditional upon entry into force of
the Protocol of Agreement.
5.2.3 Other Conditions
(i) Not later than three (3) months after the end of the fiscal year 2018-2019, submission
of the annual progress reports including the environmental and social compliance for
the fiscal year;
(ii) Not later than three (3) months after the end of the each fiscal year, submit an annual
work plan and procurement plan of the subsequent fiscal year during the Project
implementation. The requirement will take effect at the end of the fiscal year July 2018
- June 2019.
(iii) Not later than six (6) months after entry into force of this Agreement, evidence of the
recruitment, designation or appointment of the Procurement Specialist; Project
Technical Specialist; Procurement Assistant; Hygiene Educational Focal Person and
the District Environment Health Officers for the Project Implementation Unit (the
“PIU”) with qualifications and terms of reference acceptable to the Bank;
5.3 Compliance with Bank Policies
5.3.1 The Project complies with the applicable Bank Group Policies.
6.0 RECOMMENDATION
6.1.1 Management recommends that the Boards of Directors of the Fund and the Bank
approve the implementation of additional activities for Lowlands Rural Water Supply and
Sanitation Project for the Climate Change Adaptation for Sustainable Rural Water Supply in
24
Lowlands Lesotho, financed through the approved LDCF Grant for an amount not exceeding
Four Million, Four Hundred and Sixteen Thousand United States Dollars (USD 4.416 million),
for the purpose and under the conditions set forth in this report.
6.1.2 Management recommends that the Board of Directors of the Bank approve a waiver to
the Rule of Origin in accordance with Article 17(1)(d) of the Agreement Establishing the Bank
and authorise, the procurement of goods, services and works using the proceeds of the Grant
to be open to all countries including those that are not Member states of the Bank.
I
Annex 1: GEF PIF Approval
II
Annex 2: Government Request to the Bank for Project Financing Proposal
III
IV
Annex 3: Detailed Additional Activities and Costs financed by the LDCF In the table below is a detailed description of Programme activities to be undertaken under each component as well as the unit cost in USD and total cost
estimated per activity and component.
Outcomes/ Outputs Units
No.
Units
Unit
Cost
Total Cost
(USD)
Component 1 Identifying Climate Risks and Reducing vulnerability to climate change in the water sector for communities in the project area
Outcome 1: Climate change risks for the targeted communities are identified and documented; Adaptation technologies for water supply are identified, acquired
and disseminated including the development and implementation of an integrated catchment management plan for the larger Metolong catchment; Monitoring
and early warning systems in place (with the participation of the Lesotho Meteorological Services) to mitigate risks
Output 1.1: Assessment of climate impact and adaptation options prepared
Activity 1.1.1: Conduct assessment of likely climate change impact on smaller communities in the baseline
project area
District-based
assessment and
report
2 30,000 60,000
Activity 1.1.2: Conduct assessment of likely climate change impact on communities in upstream catchment area
Catchment area assessment report
1 40,000 40,000
Activity 1.1.3: Conduct assessment of climate change impact on LRWSSP infrastructure
Project-based
assessment and report
1 25,000 25,000
Subtotal 125,000
Output 1.2: Climate resilient water supply technologies installed, and included as enhancements to the
integrated catchment management plan
Activity 1.2.1: Assessment of interconnectivity and sustainability of existing groundwater (boreholes/springs)
sources by determining how much of local groundwater is dependent on rainfall.
Assessment, report
and updated
groundwater maps
1 100,000 100,000
Activity 1.2.2: Identification and installation of climate resilient water supply technology – for example
boreholes of appropriate depth, rainwater harvesting and diversification of resources
Water supply
measures 59
25,424
1,500,000
Activity 1.2.3: Implementation of the Integrated Demand Management Plan to be prepared under component
2, also in line with existing programmes put in place for Lesotho.
Lump Sum per
District 2 20,000 40,000
Activity 1.2.4: Identification and installation of WASH measures in the upstream catchment area Lump Sum 1 800,000 800,000
Subtotal 2,440,000
Output 1.3: Accurate early-warning data from Lesotho Meteorological Service provided
V
Outcomes/ Outputs Units
No.
Units
Unit
Cost
Total Cost
(USD)
Activity 1.3.1: Installation of hydro-meteorological stations / rain gauges for long-term monitoring to collect
quality information and for early warning Monitoring stations 10 21,500 215,000
Subtotal 215,000
Contingency cost
Total
2,780,000
Component 2: Capacity Development for Improved Water Resource Management
Outcome 2: Strengthened institutional capacity for better water resources management; Strengthened institutional capacity to cope with projected impact of
climate change on water as well as for in house management, monitoring and evaluation of climate change adaptation projects; Best practices for adaptation
(including gender specific measures) are identified
Output 2.1: Plans / regulatory framework established with regards to climate change and adaptation
activities related to adaptation in the water sector
Activity 2.1.1: Integrate climate risks into plans, regulations and planning guidelines related to water resource
management. This includes revision and update of: (i) Strategy and framework for bringing-on-board
private/community operators; (ii) Strategy for financing rural sanitation services; and (iii) Comprehensive rural
water supply and sanitation implementation guidelines/ manual.
Planning guidelines 3 90,000 270,000
Activity 2.1.2: Review / update integrated catchment management plan for the larger Metolong catchment to
ensure climate change consideration is mainstreamed, in line with catchment management activities as outlined
in the Long Term Water and Sanitation Strategy
Climate-resilient
catchment
management plan
1 100,000 100,000
Activity 2.1.3: Development of an integrated demand management plan to reduce vulnerability to rainfall
variability in the baseline and LDCF project area
Demand management
plan 1 75,000 75,000
Subtotal 445,000
Output 2.2: Institutional structure strengthened to cope with project climate impacts
Activity 2.2.1: Institutional capacity development to evaluate water related risks, to plan for contingencies and
to communicate effectively to relevant communities Training workshops 4 7,750 31,000
Activity 2.2.2: Institutional capacity development to allow continuous review and improvement of adaptation
strategy Training workshops 12 5,000 60,000
Activity 2.2.3: Development of the in-house capacity to manage climate change adaptation activities as well
as for monitoring and evaluation activities Training workshops 8 8,000 64,000
Activity 2.2.4: Mainstream climate change adaptation in operation rule of Metolong Dam Policy guidelines 1 90,000 90,000
VI
Outcomes/ Outputs Units
No.
Units
Unit
Cost
Total Cost
(USD)
Subtotal 245,000
Output 2.3: Best practices for adaptation (including gender specific measures) identified
Activity 2.3.1: Prepare guidelines for best practice climate change adaptation approaches, including gender specific measures
Best practice guidelines and
training materials
1 25,000 25,000
Subtotal 25,000
Contingency cost
Total
715,000
Component 3: Awareness Raising of Local Communities on Climate Change Adaptation
Outcome 3: - Strengthened awareness of the local communities on climate change and its impact on the natural resources within the project area - Enhanced
ownership of the proposed adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures by the communities through a participatory approach - Adaptation
technologies are adopted by the institutions and communities
Output 3.1: Local community awareness strengthened on climate change and resilience planning
Activity 3.1.1: Reinforcement of local communities on climate change and its impact on the natural resources
within the project area, including consideration of indigenous knowledge Trainings 15 5,415 81,230
Subtotal 81,230
Output 3.2: Community ownership enhanced regarding proposed adaptation structures, plans,
technologies and measures
Activity 3.2.1: Participatory approaches to obtain local input into Metolong catchment management planning
and enhanced community ownership of proposed adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures Workshops 15 5,414 81,210
Subtotal 81,210
Output 3.3: Adaptation technologies adopted by the institutions and communities
Activity 3.3.1: Participatory approaches to involve women and men in the selection and implementation of
climate change structures, plans, technologies and measures
Facilitated committee
meetings 64 5,415 346,560
Subtotal 346,560
Contingency cost
Total 509,000
Component 4: Knowledge Management and Monitoring and Evaluation
VII
Outcomes/ Outputs Units
No.
Units
Unit
Cost
Total Cost
(USD)
Outcome 4: Proactive and structured Monitoring and Evaluation put in place to document lessons learnt throughout and after project implementation; Lessons
learnt are captured and appropriately disseminated
Output 4.1: Monitoring and Evaluation results prepared
Activity 4.1.1: Collection of monitoring and evaluation data; preparation of reports Reports 8 6,770 54,160
Subtotal 54,160
Output 4.2 Lessons learnt captured and disseminated
Activity 4.2.1: Synthesis of lessons learned and dissemination of reports, project briefs and updates Lump Sum 4 24,510 98,040
Activity 4.2.2: Support participation at adaptation practitioner’s events and knowledge production for
dissemination inside and outside the country Lump Sum 1 50,010 50,010
Subtotal 148,050
Contingency cost
Total
202,210
Project Management Costs (for site visits, workshops, posters, etc.)
210,000
First disbursement 1,094,029
Second disbursement 1,577,518
Third disbursement 1,128,944
Fourth disbursement 615,719
Baseline study and confirmation of results framework 15,000
Site visits and workshops 45,000
Annual Project Reviews 40,000
Mid-term Review 50,000
Project Completion Report 20,000
Terminal evaluation 50,000
Annual financial and technical audit 40,000
Total 4,416,210
VIII
Annex 4: Detailed Log frame for the LDCF Activities
RESULTS CHAIN
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS MEANS OF
VERIFICATION RISKS / Mitigation measures
Indicators Baseline 2010 Target 2022
Imp
act
To improve the livelihoods of
the communities of Lowlands
Lesotho facing challenges
caused by climate change
through better water resource
management
Access to safely managed
drinking water services (%
population, disaggregated
by sex) [AfDB RMF
Indicator 5.4.1]
73% 85% (52%F) National
Statistical Office
Assumptions:
- Continued Government support for
rural community water
infrastructure
Risk #1: Insufficient capacity for
project implementation.
Mitigation #1: Continued advocacy
and awareness raising at all levels to
ensure commitment to
mainstreaming climate change into
sector plans, budgets, and policy
frameworks. Due consideration will
be given to involving traditional
governance structures in an
appropriate manner.
Risk #2: The risk of sustainability
of the baseline project and
adaptation measures.
Mitigation #2: Community
mobilization and engagement
throughout the project development
process. The project is incorporating
(i) the development of gender and
social responsive communication
strategies, (ii) to sensitize the
communities on implication of climate change and inclusive
response strategies, and (iii) district
and national policy measures to
mainstream climate change
Access to safely managed
sanitation facilities (% population, disaggregated
by sex) [AfDB RMF
Indicator 5.4.2]
24% 66% (52%F) National Statistical Office
Ou
tcom
es
RESULTS CHAIN Indicators Baseline 2018 Target 2022 MEANS OF
VERIFICATION
Outcome 1: Climate change
risks for the targeted
communities are identified and
documented; Adaptation
technologies for water supply
are identified, acquired and
disseminated including the
development and
implementation of an integrated catchment management plan for
the larger Metolong catchment;
Monitoring and early warning
systems in place (with the
participation of the Lesotho
Meteorological Services) to
mitigate risks
1.1 Number of districts with
climate impact and
adaptation plans prepared
[Contributes to GEF
Adaptation Indicator 6]
0 2
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
1.2 No. of climate resilient
adaptation measures
identified, acquired and
disseminated
- additional / upgraded
boreholes - institutional rainwater
harvesting systems
[Contributes to GEF
Adaptation Indicator 4]
0
59 boreholes
12 rainwater
harvesting systems
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District Team Reports
1.3 Number of additional
hydrometeorological
stations and rain water
gauges in place and
operational
0 10 LMS report
IX
Outcome 2: Strengthened
institutional capacity for better
water resources management;
Strengthened institutional
capacity to cope with projected impact of climate change on
water as well as for in house
management, monitoring and
evaluation of climate change
adaptation projects; Best
practices for adaptation
(including gender specific
measures) are identified
2.1 Number of national
institutions with technical
staff trained in climate
change resilience for the
water sector [GEF Adaptation Indicator 10
0 10
Training report
and survey of
district and
national staff
considerations throughout the water
sector.
Risk #3: Inadequate capacity at
local level to implement the project and sustainably manage the
infrastructure.
Mitigation #3: Effective capacity
development at community and
local government level while
pursuing policy dialogue with the
government and development
partners to sustain the
decentralization process
Risk #4: Insufficient coordination
amongst stake-holders. Mitigation #4: Develop champions
within the Government and
community members to promote
adaptation. Getting the information
developed and developing the right
messages, as well as dissemination
in the appropriate formats will be
the ways that the project will result
in positive outcomes.
Additional risks identified as part of
activities expansion
Risk #5: Increased climate
variability exceeds the design
parameters of the project
infrastructure
Mitigation #5: Take a multi-
pronged approach to reducing
vulnerability to climate impacts by
increasing knowledge and
awareness of climate change,
promoting conservation and
demand management, establishing
2.2 Number of operational
guidelines based on best
practices for adaptation
adopted
0 1
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Outcome 3: - Strengthened
awareness of the local
communities on climate change
and its impact on the natural resources within the project area
- Enhanced ownership of the
proposed adaptation structure,
plans, technologies and
measures by the communities
through a participatory
approach - Adaptation
technologies are adopted by the
institutions and communities
3.1 Number of community
members trained to
identify, prioritize,
implement, monitor and
evaluate adaptation strategies and measures (%
women / % men) [GEF
Adaptation Indicator 9]
0 5,000 Training report
3.2 % of households
engaged in participatory
adaptation planning, of
which % women / % men
0% 60% (52%F) Household survey
3.3 % households adopting
climate change resilient
water technologies and
approaches
0% 60% Household survey
Outcome 4: Proactive and
structured Monitoring and
Evaluation put in place to
document lessons learnt throughout and after project
implementation; Lessons learnt
are captured and appropriately
disseminated
4.1 Number of lessons learnt reports disseminated
0
10
Project website statistics; event
attendance records
X
Ou
tpu
ts
Outcome 1: Climate change risks for the targeted communities are identified and documented; Adaptation technologies
for water supply are identified, acquired and disseminated including the development and implementation of an
integrated catchment management plan for the larger Metolong catchment; Monitoring and early warning systems in
place (with the participation of the Lesotho Meteorological Services) to mitigate risks
more reliable water supplies and
supporting alternative livelihood
activities to strengthen community
resilience to transient shocks
Risk #6: High dependence on natural resources and weak coping
mechanism - especially
unsustainable forestry activities
Mitigation #6: Improved human
skills and capacity to diversify
livelihoods ;institutional
arrangements from the baseline
project will be supplemented with
additional project management and
procurement staff to ensure
adequate delivery capacity.
Output 1.1: Assessment of
climate impact and adaptation
options prepared
1.1.1 Number of
communities with climate
impact and adaptation plans prepared
0 47
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision missions, District
Team Reports
1.1.2 Number of risk and
vulnerability assessments
of LRWSSP infrastructure
prepared [GEF Adaptation
Indicator 6]
0 1
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Output 1.2: Climate resilient
water supply technologies
installed, and included as
enhancements to the integrated
catchment management plan
1.2.1 Number of boreholes
improved or established
[Contributes to GEF
Adaptation Indicator 4]
0 59
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
1.2.2 Number of institutional rainwater
harvesting systems installed
[Contributes to GEF
Adaptation Indicator 4]
0 12
Project monitoring reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
1.2.3 Number of integrated
catchment management
plans implemented
0 1
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
1.2.4 Number of
community water
conservation programmes
established
0 47
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Output 1.3: Accurate early-warning data from Lesotho
Meteorological Service
provided
1.3.1 Number of additional hydro-meteorological
stations and rainwater
gauges installed
0 10 LMS status report
XI
[Contributes to GEF
Indicator 4]
1.3.2 Improved weather /
drought early warning
systems deployed [GEF
Adaptation Indicator 7]
0 1 LMS status report
Outcome 2: Strengthened institutional capacity for better water resources management; Strengthened institutional
capacity to cope with projected impact of climate change on water as well as for in house management, monitoring and
evaluation of climate change adaptation projects; Best practices for adaptation (including gender specific measures) are
identified
Output 2.1: Plans / regulatory
framework established with
regards to climate change and
adaptation activities related to
adaptation in the water sector
2.1.1 Number of climate
resilience strategy
documents prepared
0 4
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Output 2.2: Institutional
structure strengthened to cope
with project climate impacts
2.2.1 Number of national
institutions with technical staff trained in climate
change resilience for the
water sector [GEF
Adaptation Indicator 9]
0 10
Training report and survey of
district and
national staff
Output 2.3: Best practices for
adaptation (including gender
specific measures) identified
2.3.1 Number of
operational guidelines
based on best practices for
adaptation developed
0 1
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Outcome 3: - Strengthened awareness of the local communities on climate change and its impact on the natural resources
within the project area - Enhanced ownership of the proposed adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures
by the communities through a participatory approach - Adaptation technologies are adopted by the institutions and
communities
Output 3.1: Local community awareness strengthened on
climate change and resilience
planning
3.1.1 Number of people trained on climate change
and adaptation options (%
women / % men) [GEF
Adaptation Indicator 9]
0 5,000 (52%F)
Project monitoring reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
XII
Output 3.2: Community
ownership enhanced regarding
proposed adaptation structures,
plans, technologies and
measures
3.2.1 Number of people
actively engaged in
structured adaptation
planning (% women / %
men)
0 2,000 (52%F)
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Output 3.3: Adaptation
technologies adopted by the
institutions and communities
3.3.1 Number of households / institutions
adopting climate adaptation
technologies
0 2,500
Project monitoring reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Outcome 4: Proactive and structured Monitoring and Evaluation put in place to document lessons learnt throughout
and after project implementation; Lessons learnt are captured and appropriately disseminated
Output 4.1: Monitoring and
Evaluation results prepared
4.1.1 No. of Progress and
Audit Reports submitted by
Project Implementation
Team (PIT) [GEF
Adaptation Indicator 10]
0 Annually
4 total
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision
missions, District
Team Reports
Output 4.2 Lessons learnt
captured and disseminated
4.2.1 Number of Lessons
Learned Reports prepared and disseminated
0 5
Project monitoring
reports,
supervision missions, District
Team Reports
Key A
cti
vit
ies
Components Inputs
Component (1) Identifying Climate Risks and Reducing vulnerability to climate change
in the water sector for communities in the project area (USD 2,780,000, about 63%)
GEF LDCF Grant: USD 4,416,210
Government: USD 0 (0%)
Beneficiaries USD 0 (0%)
Component (2) Capacity Development for Improved Water Resource Management
(USD 715,000, about 16%)
Component (3) Awareness Raising of Local Communities on Climate Change
Adaptation (USD 509,000, about 11.5%)
Component (4) Knowledge Management and Monitoring and Evaluation (USD 202,210,
about 4.6%)
XIII
Annex 5: Implementation plan for the additional financing
Outcomes/ Outputs Yr-1 Yr-2 Yr-3 Yr-4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Grant negotiations and signing of grant protocols
Project launch
Component 1 Identifying Climate Risks and Reducing vulnerability to
climate change in the water sector for communities in the project area
Outcome 1: Climate change risks for the targeted communities are identified and documented; Adaptation technologies for water supply are identified, acquired
and disseminated including the development and implementation of an integrated catchment management plan for the larger Metolong catchment; Monitoring
and early warning systems in place (with the participation of the Lesotho Meteorological Services) to mitigate risks
Output 1.1: Assessment of climate impact and adaptation options prepared
Activity 1.1.1: Conduct assessment of likely climate change impact on smaller
communities in the baseline project area
Activity 1.1.2: Conduct assessment of likely climate change impact on
communities in upstream catchment area
Activity 1.1.3: Conduct assessment of climate change impact on LRWSSP
infrastructure
Output 1.2: Climate resilient water supply technologies installed, and included
as enhancements to the integrated catchment management plan
Activity 1.2.1: Assessment of interconnectivity and sustainability of existing
groundwater (boreholes/springs) sources by determining how much of local
groundwater is dependent on rainfall.
Activity 1.2.2: Identification and installation of climate resilient water supply
technology – for example boreholes of appropriate depth, rainwater
harvesting and diversification of resources
Activity 1.2.3: Implementation of the Integrated Demand Management Plan
to be prepared under component 2, also in line with existing programmes put
in place for Lesotho.
Activity 1.2.4: Identification and installation of WASH measures in the
upstream catchment area
Output 1.3: Accurate early-warning data from Lesotho Meteorological
Service provided
Activity 1.3.1: Installation of hydro-meteorological stations / rain gauges for
long-term monitoring to collect quality information and for early warning
XIV
Outcomes/ Outputs Yr-1 Yr-2 Yr-3 Yr-4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Component 2: Capacity Development for Improved Water Resource
Management
Outcome 2: Strengthened institutional capacity for better water resources management; Strengthened institutional capacity to cope with projected impact of
climate change on water as well as for in house management, monitoring and evaluation of climate change adaptation projects; Best practices for adaptation
(including gender specific measures) are identified
Output 2.1: Plans / regulatory framework established with regards to climate
change and adaptation activities related to adaptation in the water sector
Activity 2.1.1: Integrate climate risks into plans, regulations and planning
guidelines related to water resource management. This includes revision and
update of: (i) Strategy and framework for bringing-on-board
private/community operators; (ii) Strategy for financing rural sanitation
services; and (iii) Comprehensive rural water supply and sanitation
implementation guidelines/ manual.
Activity 2.1.2: Review / update integrated catchment management plan for
the larger Metolong catchment to ensure climate change consideration is
mainstreamed, in line with catchment management activities as outlined in the
Long Term Water and Sanitation Strategy
Activity 2.1.3: Development of an integrated demand management plan to
reduce vulnerability to rainfall variability in the baseline and LDCF project area
Output 2.2: Institutional structure strengthened to cope with project climate impacts
Activity 2.2.1: Institutional capacity development to evaluate water related risks, to plan for contingencies and to communicate effectively to relevant
communities
Activity 2.2.2: Institutional capacity development to allow continuous review
and improvement of adaptation strategy
Activity 2.2.3: Development of the in-house capacity to manage climate
change adaptation activities as well as for monitoring and evaluation activities
Activity 2.2.4: Mainstream climate change adaptation in operation rule of
Metolong Dam
Output 2.3: Best practices for adaptation (including gender specific measures)
identified
Activity 2.3.1: Prepare guidelines for best practice climate change adaptation
approaches, including gender specific measures
XV
Outcomes/ Outputs Yr-1 Yr-2 Yr-3 Yr-4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Component 3: Awareness Raising of Local Communities on Climate Change
Adaptation
Outcome 3: - Strengthened awareness of the local communities on climate change and its impact on the natural resources within the project area - Enhanced
ownership of the proposed adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures by the communities through a participatory approach - Adaptation technologies
are adopted by the institutions and communities
Output 3.1: Local community awareness strengthened on climate change and
resilience planning
Activity 3.1.1: Reinforcement of local communities on climate change and its
impact on the natural resources within the project area, including
consideration of indigenous knowledge
Output 3.2: Community ownership enhanced regarding proposed adaptation
structures, plans, technologies and measures
Activity 3.2.1: Participatory approaches to obtain local input into Metolong
catchment management planning and enhanced community ownership of
proposed adaptation structure, plans, technologies and measures
Output 3.3: Adaptation technologies adopted by the institutions and
communities
Activity 3.3.1: Participatory approaches to involve women and men in the
selection and implementation of climate change structures, plans,
technologies and measures
Component 4: Knowledge Management and Monitoring and Evaluation
Outcome 4: Proactive and structured Monitoring and Evaluation put in place to document lessons learnt throughout and after project implementation; Lessons
learnt are captured and appropriately disseminated
Output 4.1: Monitoring and Evaluation results prepared
Activity 4.1.1: Collection of monitoring and evaluation data; preparation of
reports
Output 4.2 Lessons learnt captured and disseminated
Activity 4.2.1: Synthesis of lessons learned and dissemination of reports,
project briefs and updates
Activity 4.2.2: Support participation at adaptation practitioner’s events and
knowledge production for dissemination inside and outside the country
First disbursement
Second disbursement
XVI
Outcomes/ Outputs Yr-1 Yr-2 Yr-3 Yr-4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Third disbursement
Fourth disbursement
Site visits and workshops
Annual Project Reviews
Mid-term Review
Project Completion Report
Terminal evaluation
Annual financial and technical audit
XVII
Annex 6: Summary of Procurement Arrangements for the Additional
Financing
Programme Categories
USD Million
Use of
Country
System
Use of
Bank's
Procedures
Non-
Bank
Funded
Total
Civil Works
Activity 1.2.2: Identification and installation of climate
resilient water supply technology – for example boreholes
of appropriate depth, rainwater harvesting and diversification of resources 1.500 1.500
Activity 1.2.4: Identification and installation of WASH
measures in the upstream catchment area 0.800 0.800
Goods
Activity 1.3.1: Installation of hydro-meteorological
stations / rain gauges for long-term monitoring to collect quality information and for early warning 0.215 0.215
Consultancy Services
Activity 1.1.1: Conduct assessment of likely climate change impact on smaller communities in the baseline
project area 0.060 0.060
Activity 1.1.2: Conduct assessment of likely climate
change impact on communities in upstream catchment area 0.040 0.040
Activity 1.1.3: Conduct assessment of climate change impact on LRWSSP infrastructure 0.025 0.025
Activity 1.2.1: Assessment of interconnectivity and
sustainability of existing groundwater (boreholes/springs)
sources by determining how much of local groundwater is dependent on rainfall. 0.100 0.100
Activity 1.2.3: Implementation of the Integrated Demand
Management Plan to be prepared under component 2, also
in line with existing programmes put in place for Lesotho. 0.040 0.040
Activity 2.1.1: Integrate climate risks into plans, regulations and planning guidelines related to water
resource management. This includes revision and update
of: (i) Strategy and framework for bringing-on-board private/community operators; (ii) Strategy for financing
rural sanitation services; and (iii) Comprehensive rural
water supply and sanitation implementation guidelines/
manual. 0.270 0.270
Activity 2.1.2: Review / update integrated catchment
management plan for the larger Metolong catchment to
ensure climate change consideration is mainstreamed, in line with catchment management activities as outlined in
the Long Term Water and Sanitation Strategy 0.100 0.100
XVIII
Activity 2.1.3: Development of an integrated demand management plan to reduce vulnerability to rainfall
variability in the baseline and LDCF project area 0.075 0.075
Activity 2.2.1: Institutional capacity development to
evaluate water related risks, to plan for contingencies and to communicate effectively to relevant communities 0.031 0.031
Activity 2.2.2: Institutional capacity development to allow
continuous review and improvement of adaptation
strategy 0.060 0.060
Activity 2.2.3: Development of the in-house capacity to
manage climate change adaptation activities as well as for
monitoring and evaluation activities 0.064 0.064
Activity 2.2.4: Mainstream climate change adaptation in
operation rule of Metolong Dam 0.090 0.090
Activity 2.3.1: Prepare guidelines for best practice climate change adaptation approaches, including gender specific
measures 0.025 0.025
Activity 3.1.1: Reinforcement of local communities on
climate change and its impact on the natural resources within the project area, including consideration of
indigenous knowledge 0.081 0.081
Activity 3.2.1: Participatory approaches to obtain local input into Metolong catchment management planning and
enhanced community ownership of proposed adaptation
structure, plans, technologies and measures 0.081 0.081
Activity 3.3.1: Participatory approaches to involve women and men in the selection and implementation of
climate change structures, plans, technologies and
measures 0.347 0.347
Other Expenses
Operating Cost 0.412 0.412
Contingency - -
Total 0.412 4.004 4.416
XIX
Annex 7: GEF CEO Endorsement Letter
XX
Annex 8: Water and Environment Institutional Framework
The management of national water resources is primarily under the responsibility of the Office of
the Commissioner of Water within the Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and Water Affairs. The
Commissioner of Water is mandated for policy direction, coordination of programmes and
activities within the water sector.
The Commissioner of Water has two departments under its supervision: 1) the Department of Rural
Water Supply (DRWS) and 2) the Department of Water Affairs. Additionally, the Commissioner
oversees parastatals such as: i) the Conservation Services of Lowlands Unit; ii) Lesotho Highlands
Water Development Authority (LHDA) and iii) the Water and Sewerage Company (WASCO).
Table. Water and Sanitation Sector Institutional Setting, Roles and Responsibilities
Institutions /
Departments
Roles and responsibilities
Commissioner of
Water, Ministry of
Energy, Meteorology
and Water Affairs
CoW Monitor, regulate, investment and set
policies for the water sector
Department of Water
Affairs (DWA)
Licensing and monitoring of abstraction
and effluents/pollution in the different
sectors: i) industry, irrigation,
hydropower, fishery, recreation, solid
waste, hazardous waste.
Policy direction
Department of Rural
Water Supply (DRWS)
Responsible for rural water supply:
Operation maintenance monitoring &
evaluation, planning / policy, design and
construction
Supervises community based water
services, community water services
Water and Sewerage
Company (WASCO)
Responsible for urban water supply
under license by the Lesotho Electricity
and Water Authority (LEWA)
Catchment management:
The policy, legislative and institutional frameworks for catchment management are not fully
operational in Lesotho. The Metolong Dam and Water Supply Programme (MDWSP) includes the
development of an integrated catchment management plan (ICMP) as part of its environmental
and social management programme, but this plan does not yet fully address climate change
considerations. Integrated catchment management (ICM) is to be carried out through the
institutions of the local government, as indicated in the Water Act and further elaborated in the
Local Government Act. The local authorities are expected to establish Joint Management
Committees for ICM and will be supported by technical secretariats.
XXI
Annex 9: Map of the Programme Area (LDCF)