advanced english (lesson 5, book i) school of foreign languages, handan college shi yunxia...
TRANSCRIPT
Advanced English(Lesson 5, Book I)
School of Foreign Languages,
Handan College
Shi Yunxia
Important points &difficulties
Background knowledge
1. Hitler 2. Churchill 3. Notes on the book 4. Notes on the guide
book
Text 1. main idea 2.words &
expressions 3. paraphrase &
translation of sentences
4. rhetorical devices
Main idea of the text
Introduction 1. The news of Hitler’s
invasion of the U.S.S.R reached Churchill
2. his preparation of the speech
3. the account of Mr. Colville
The speech 1. Churchill’s criticizes
on the Nazi regime 2. the British
government’s policy 3. his calling on the
friends and allies to unit and fight together
Detailed study of the text(1st para.) 1. This changed conviction into certainty. In the past, it was my belief that Hitler would
soon attack the Soviet Union, but now it was no longer a belief.
Conviction: firm and sincere belief 2. I had not the slightest doubt…policy lay. I was very clear about our responsibility and
I knew exactly what our policy would be. 对采取什么措施、承担什么义务清清楚楚。
Detailed study of the text(1st para.)
3. Nor indeed what to say. (Inversion) Nor had I indeed the slightest doubt as to
what I was to say. 4. compose: put into shape, write down 5. give notice: inform (the B.B.C.) 6. presently: 7. hasten: move faster before long, shortly, soon
Detailed study of the text(1st para.)
7. the Germans had surprised … on the airfields.
When the Germans attacked, they took the Russians by surprise and destroyed a high percentage of Soviet airplanes before they could take off.
8. seemed to be driving forward: seemed to be advancing rapidly, and their attack was fierce
Detailed study of the text(1st para.)
9. I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes
I think the Red army men will be surrounded and captured in surprisingly large numbers.
round up: herd together, collect together horde: a large moving crow or throng
Paragraph 2
10. consult the War Cabinet: ask advice of or discuss with the War Cabinet
11. we all felt the same: we had the same attitude; we shared the same view
12. issue: problem
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13. account: a descriptive report 14. he thought that Hitler was counting on
enlisting…: He (Hitler) was hoping that if he attacked
Russia, he would win in Britain and The U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.
Paragraph 3
15. go all out: to make one’s utmost effort 16. the same would be true of the U.S.A.: the United States would do the same; adopt the same attitude; this would also be the attitude of the U.S. 17. revert: go back to a former subject; talk
about again
Paragraph 3
18. go all out: to make one’s utmost effort 19. the same would be true of the U.S.A.: the United States would do the same; adopt the same attitude; this would also be the attitude of the U.S. 20. revert: go back to a former subject; talk
about again
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21. my life is much simplified thereby: In this way, my life is made much easier; in this way, it will be much easier for me to
decide on my attitude towards events. thereby: by that means, as result of that
Paragraph 3
22. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make…: If Hitler should attack Hell, a most hated place,
I would still say a word in favor of the Devil, the foe of mankind; in the House of Commons, I would say a word of anyone who is attacked by Hitler, no matter how bad, how wicked or evil he had been in the past.
就算是希特勒入侵地狱，我至少也会在下议院替魔鬼们美言几句。
The speech (Para5) 23. Indistinguishable: cannot be distinguished, virtually id
entical devoid (of): completely without, destitute (lack) or empty
of theme: a recurring, unifying subject or idea 主旨 appetite: very strong desire; an intense and prolonged de
sire 24. The Nazi regime is devoid of al theme and principle e
xcept appetite and racial domination: The Nazi state does not have any ideal or guiding principl
e at all. All it has is a strong desire for conquest and rule by the “Aryan” race, the allegedly （ stated without being proved 声称地） most superior race in the world.( 非犹太日耳曼人的后裔 )
Paragraph 5 25. It excels all forms…: The Nazi regime is very cruel and it invades othe
r countries in a most savage way. It can carry out its cruel invasions so effectively that it beats (surpasses) any action of this kind in human history;
the Nazi regime is very effective in cruel suppression of and savage attack on other countries; in this respect it is worse than any other known form of evil.
纳粹政权在残酷镇压和疯狂侵略方面，极为拿手，人类过去这方面的卑劣行径都望尘莫及。
Paragraph 5 26. No one has been…: For the past twenty-five years I have always bee
n the firmest opponent of communism and have never changed my position.
27. I will unsay…: I will not take back a single word of what I have s
aid about Communism. unsay: take back or retract ( what has been said);
withdraw or disavow ( a statement, a promise) 关于共产主义，我说过的话一句也不收回。
Paragraph 5 28. But all this fades away…: But compared to the painful sight that is now
opening out to our view, all the evils of communism and my opposition to communism become insignificant.
The evils of communism mean nothing as compared with the crimes committed by Nazi Germany on Soviet soil. So I shall bury past differences.
(or: So I shall no longer bear any grudge against the Soviet Union.)
Paragraph 5
29. The past…: Let’s forget the past: the crimes the
communist regime committed, the foolish things it did (e.g., the Non-aggression Pact) and the tragic suffering of its people.
30. Immemorial: extending back beyond memory; ancient
31. till : work the soil for the production of crops
Paragraph 5 32. “The bread-winner”, “their champion”, “their p
rotector”: all refer to the same person because they are all in the singular.
为他们亲人的安全而祈祷，为他们养家糊口的人，他们的勇士，他们的保护者的归来而祈祷。
33. wring: get by force, threats, persistence, etc. where people have to work very hard on the land
in order to keep the family going; where people have to do back-breaking work to
wring a little food out of the poor soil
Paragraph 5 34. but where there are still…: Although life is hard, people still enjoy basic
human pleasure; life is hard but it is still not without the kind of human pleasures that are shared by all.
35. I see advancing upon all this…: I can see the Nazi army launching violent attacks
on all this. 36. heel-clicking: referring to the noise made by
the boots heel-clicking: referring to the noise made by the boots
Paragraph 5 37. I see also the dull…: The German soldiers are stupid, obedient,
easy to manage, savage. They move on in massive formation from one place to another, sowing destruction and death, just like a large crowd of moving locusts, eating up everything in the fields.
38. smart: feel pain and resentment
Paragraph 5 39. delighted to find that …: the Nazi air force have suffered severe losses in
the aerial Battle of England. Now they feel happy because they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.
40. behind all this glare…: Behind all this hostility and fighting I see that
small group of wicked men who make the world suffer untold miseries and unparalleled disasters.
Paragraph 6 41. It follows therefore…: follow: happen as a necessary result of E.g. Disease often follows war. If one writes poetry, it naturally follows that he m
ust understand poetry. 42. to take the same course…: to adopt the sam
e attitude and policy and keep to it 43. pursue: follow persistently 44. steadfastly: unchangingly
Paragraph 7 45. without distinction of race, creed, or party: no matter what your nationality is, what religious
belief you have or what political party you belong to; paying no attention to any difference in nationality, religious belief, or party affiliation
46. It is not for me to speak of the action of the United states:
I am not in a position to say what action the United States should take.
Paragraph 7
47. If Hitler imagines… woefully mistaken: Hitler will realize that he is deplorably wrong in
thinking that since he is fighting communism, the West will stand by and let him destroy the Soviet Union and will not fight him as hard as they are now doing
48. On the contrary…: No, we will not do that (diverge in our aims or
slacken our efforts). Instead, we will fight with greater courage and redouble our efforts in the struggle to end fascism.
Paragraph 8 49. moraliz(s)e: (use, derog.) express one’
s thoughts on the wrongness of … 50. Follies: foolishness 51. To be struck down: to be overrun 52. Catastrophe: sudden great disaster or
misfortune 53. blood-lust: strong usu. evil desire for 54. hateful: detestable; loathsome 可恶的，
讨厌的
Paragraph 8 55. impel: (idea, feeling) push (sb.) forward 56. outrage: a wrong or cruel act which arouses
great anger When I spoke …: When I mentioned Hitler’s insa/ei/tiable (that can
not be satisfied, very greedy) desire for conquest which has driven him to attack Russia, I said there was another and more important reason for his adventure.
Paragraph 8 57. Suffer the penalty of his crimes: be destroyed for the crimes he (Hitler) has
committed suffer: be punished 58. His invasion … of the British Isles: His invasion of Russia will pave the way for his
planned invasion of the British Isles. 59. He hopes… winter comes: Obviously he hopes that he can bring his
Russian campaign to a successful end before winter sets in.
Paragraph 8 60. he can overwhelm Great Britain…: He can crush, conquer Britain before the U.
S. can come to her help. 61. by which he has so long thrived and pr
ospered: He has so far been very successful in empl
oying this tactic. 伎俩
Paragraph 8
62. the scene will be clear for the final act…:
the stage will be ready for the final act Then there will be nothing to prevent Hitler
from conquering all the countries in the western Hemisphere, which he must do if he wants to bring the world under his control.
Paragraph 8 63. hearth and home: (poetic) home and its comforts (Allitaration) 64. Let us learn…: We should bear in mind the fact that Hitler had b
een successful because many European governments had allowed themselves to be struck down one by one. This time we should all support the Soviet Union and shouldn’t let Hitler repeat his tactics.
Paragraph 8 65. Let us redouble…remain: Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts i
n the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.
Rhetorical devices1. Periodic sentence
Periodic sentences achieve forcefulness by suspense. The essential elements in the sentence are withheld until the end.
The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies, flashes away.
Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.
If Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia…… he is woefully mistaken
Rhetorical devices 2. Rhetorical question ( or interrogatio
n) Interrogation asks a question not in or
der to obtain an answer, but for the purpose of making an assertion in a striking and lively way. e.g. …but can you doubt what our policy will be?
Rhetorical devices
3. Parallel structurewe will never parley
we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang
we shall fight him by land we shall fight him by sea we shall fight him in the air behind all his glare behind all this storm I see
Rhetorical devices
I see the Russian soldiers standing… I see them guarding… I see the ten thousand villages I see advancing upon… I see also the dull… I see the German bombers I see that small group…
Rhetorical devices
that is our policy
and that is our declaration We shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in de
termination and resources. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cr
uel experience. Let us redouble our exertion…
Rhetorical devices
4. Inversion From this nothing will turn us--- nothing. but this I will say. Repetition: the repeated use of the same s
ynonymous words, to add force, clearness or balance to a sentence, e.g.
We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.
He has so long thrived and prospered. We will never parley, we will never negotiate…