advanced autocad civil 3d labels composers aren´t just for music - traduzindo

AutoCAD Civil 3D Labels Avançado.

Martin Young - Global CADD Systems

CV114-5 Você já descobriu o poder do compositor de estilo da etiqueta do AutoCAD Civil 3D? você está evitando plena implementação do Civil 3D, porque você não tem certeza sobre a criação de estilos de etiqueta? Não temais! Nesta aula, vamos aprender como aproveitar as capacidades de anotação ilimitadas em 3D Civil de 2008. Vamos dar uma olhada criação automática de etiquetas, a criação de seus próprios estilos de etiqueta personalizada, incluindo blocos, texto de referência, e expressões. Depois de concluir este curso, você será capaz de criar estilos adequados - independentemente do seu público-alvo.

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Civil 3D Labels: Composers Aren’t Just for Music

Advanced Civil 3D Labels

Introduction With the release of Civil 3D 2008 our ability to create and manipulate labels is more powerful than ever. We are a long, long way from the days of Land Desktop. Not only do we create labels on Civil 3D objects; we create note labels and have many ways to control label placement, which we all know is almost as important as the label itself. Advanced Civil 3D Labels will take the reader through many tips and tricks designed to help your productivity and accuracy.

Civil 3D Labels: A Quick Overview Civil 3D labels are created and modified within the Settings tab of the Prospector. These label styles have many common aspects. Let’s quickly look at the common points among label styles before getting into more complex and unique situations.

Label Style Default Settings By right clicking on the drawing name in the Settings Tab we can control the Label Style Defaults (Figure 1).

Figure 1

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The defaults allow us to set how are new styles will look as well as giving us the chance to change all settings throughout the drawing at once. For example if we wanted all the labels to change to a text style of Arial 3, we could select the new style, click on the child override (this lets us know if there are label styles in the drawing using a different style) and select the apply button. ALL labels would then change to the new text style.

The same label style defaults can also be set at the object level, only affecting the label styles for that particular object.

Finally, each individual label can have its own settings in respect to text style, size, colour, etc.

The Label Style Composer There are five tabs on the Label Style Composer; the first tab is simply the name and a description of the style. The second tab is titled General but contains some very powerful settings. Let’s take a quick walk through the General tab, looking at the some of the more important settings.

Figure 1A Figure 1B Figure 1C

In Figure 1A we see the Display Mode under the Label settings. We have two choices here: Label or Tag. The Display Mode choice is only available for styles that support tables such as alignments and parcels. Selecting Label creates full labels while selecting Tag displays label components as tags when selected in the “used in” section of the layout tab.

Figure 1B refers to the Behavior of the label. There are three choices:

• Object – Rotates labels relative to the object. An example of this would be the slope label on a pipe in profile.

• View – Forces labels to realign to the screen-view orientation. It always assumes the zero angle is horizontal. An example is parcel names, if you always want the text to read horizontally.

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• World Coordinate System: Labels are adjusted with respect to the angle between the current view and the world view. Changing the UCS does not change the label rotation.

Figure 1C refers to the Plan Readability of the object. If we want the text to automatically rotate so that it is never “upside down”, we set this to True. If so, what rotation angle do we want to have this text flip on? This is the readability bias value. An example for this would be a pipe slope label in plan view.

You may have noticed we’ve only discussed the first two tabs of the Composer. We will deal more indepth with the Layout and Dragged State tabs as we delve into some specific object label styles. The fifth (Summary) tab lists the components as they are defined in the label style. So, the items discussed so far are very important but they are considered basic knowledge, and are not the focus of this session. Let’s get on to the fun stuff!

Label Style Tips and Tricks There really is no limit to what we can do with a label style. For the rest of the session we are going to look at specific object label tasks and the very powerful ways we can complete them. Each style will highlight different aspects of the label style composer. Rather than simply walking through each tab and setting, let’s look at some labeling challenges, and how we can use Civil 3D to solve them.

Parcel Labels The 2008 release has given us some new capabilities when dealing with Parcel labels. You can now add multiple area labels to parcels. You can use layer control to display a different label with the correct orientation for each viewport. You can also modify the current label styles by selection using the Edit Parcel Properties command (see Figure 2). Selecting the double arrows allows us to apply the style to all selected parcels which we can select by polyline, site, or all.

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Secondly we can create spanning labels in parcels. This isn’t new to 2008 but something worth mentioning. To ensure spanning labels work there are two things that need to be in place:

1) Spanning labels must have the original line work drawn that will support it. If the parcels in Figure 3 were drawn with three separate 21m lines, the spanning label would not occur.

2) You must have “span outside segments” set to True in the label style (Figure 3).

Figure 3

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Pipe Network Labels Structure labels in profile can be some of the most complicated label styles to create. There are more components here than in any other object (inverts, rim elevations, stations, structure names, etc) and we can label all of these things in one go. Conversely, labeling everything at once may not always be the best solution. In addition, now that we have split profiles in conjunction with our new plan production tools, there are a couple of options which we should explore further. Previously with our Land Desktop mindset we would have one profile view for the entire alignment (see Figure 4). The left image (BEFORE) shows the structure label in a large grid. In that situation we need to move the label up and down to have it placed properly for our viewport, so it wouldn’t make much sense to have the labels anchored to the top or bottom of the profile view.

Now that we’re all using data references and plan production tools (right?), anchoring labels to the graph is a great idea. Let’s create a structure label style that will always fit perfectly in our profile view as we see on the image on the right (AFTER) in Figure 4.

Figure 4

First let’s create a new structure label style. I’ll call mine storm structure. On the Layout tab let’s remove any current components (select the red X) and start fresh. Think of creating a label style like you would create a block. Start with a line, perhaps, and then begin adding other shapes and text. We will start with a line.

There are two places we must ensure we have our settings correct: a) in the label style, and b) in the pipe network feature settings. First let’s look at the line

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component to the right (Figure 5). The start anchor component is set to feature and the start point anchor point is the label location. The label location is set in the feature settings tab for the pipe network. Also, the end point anchor component is set to feature and the end anchor point is set to structure dimension. These settings will result in a line going from the top of the structure to the top of the graph when we apply it. There is one other place we need to change settings for the label to work the feature settings.

Figure 5

We get to the feature settings by right clicking on the Pipe Network heading in Settings and selecting edit feature settings. The trick here is to assign graph view top to our dimension anchor for structures and top of structure for our structure label placement (see Figure 6). Now we can add other components to the label, such as structure name, rim elevation, station, etc. Let’s add some more components and look at a resulting style when complete.

The label will draw so it always fits nicely in our grid, if we resize the grid area, the label resizes to suit.

Figure 6

As an added bonus, once you have created this label style you can grip edit the label (see Figure 7) by selecting the label dimension anchor and then moving the label up or down. The text moves with it, it maintains its “as composed” properties (i.e. does not go into the dragged state) and can be easily moved if other objects are in the same space.

The same principals hold true to the labels which are aligned to the bottom of the structure. The only difference is you would change the dimension anchor point to graph view bottom and the structure label placement to the bottom of

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structure before adding the bottom label style. These will also have the same grip editing properties as the top label style.

Figure 7

What if we have added a number of text labels in our label style but they aren’t justified the way we would like? The simple answer is to go to the format tab of the text component editor, select the text, and change the justification.

Profile Layout Labels The same properties that we used for our structure labels earlier can be used for our design profile labels. The advent of the split view really requires us to apply those principles. If we add the dimensions to the start and end point anchors and also have these set in our label set (see Figure 8), our labels will behave properly, even across split views.

Figure 8

Alignment Labels When doing road design we want to check to ensure that we have catch basins or other storm sewer structures at the low points in our road. We also use the high points to determine how far along the road we need our first catch basins (based on local catchment area regulations). We can easily label high and low points in profile but having it on alignments would be a great help. I use them in a temporary mode and remove the labels once I’ve done my check. Let’s look at how we add these locations to our alignment labels.

The label style is created under alignment profile geometry point label styles (see Figure 9).

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Figure 9

There are several profile values we can add including grades, elevation, and geometry point text. When we add the label style to our label set we can easily and quickly check to make sure our drainage design is accurate (see Figure 10).

Figure 10

General Label Editing New to 2008 is the ability to place unique text to essentially any Civil 3D label. We do this by holding the control key when selecting the label. Once you’ve selected the text you can right click and select edit

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label text (see Figure 11). You are then presented with the familiar text component editor but unlike when you modify a style, only this individual label will be modified. You can also right click and clear any label text overrides you may have on that label.

Figure 11

Expressions Expressions are a very useful and powerful way to manipulate label values. We’re going to create two label styles that use expressions. The expressions in this lesson are fairly simple but they can get very complex depending on what you’re trying to do. Here’s a quick expression example from the Civil 3D help to label a line with true and magnetic directions:

Expression Syntax:

{Segment Direction} - (15.50417*((2*pi)/360))

Or alternatively using the built-in functions as follows:

{Segment Direction} - DEG2RAD(15.50417) Format

the result as Direction.

So what’s an expression? Expressions are mathematical functions applied to object properties to modify the property. The resulting value is then added to the label. The first example we’re going to use is creating a surface spot elevation label on a catch basin which takes 50mm off of the finished ground elevation to give the design grate elevation. Expressions are found in the label style for the object.

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Figure 12

In Figure 12 we have created a new expression called cb grate. The next step is to select the insert property button (in this case surface elevation) and then enter the value by which we want to modify the value (-50mm). Once the expression has been created it will appear as a property in the text component editor and can be added in the same manner as any other object property.

Another useful example for expressions is to use them to aid in labeling cut vs. fill labels in a volume surface. In LDD we could create cut and fill ticks and simply put them on layers with different colours to easily visually see the different areas. Civil 3D makes grid labeling for our cuts and fills in a volume surface quite quick and easy but the colour differentiation is a little more challenging. Here’s the trick 1) Create a spot elevation label expression which returns the negative value of the elevation.

2) Create a spot elevation label style with two components, one for positive and one for negative values.

3) Apply label style to volume surface.

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The secret here is in the text component editor. In both cases you want to hide the negative value (see Figure 13). The first component is the new expression. The fill (or positive) values will show as negative and the cut values will display. The second has the normal surface elevation value and thus only the fill will display.

Figure 13

Reference Text Reference text has been enhanced in the 2008 release. There are many more label types you can add reference text to. Simply put, reference text allows you to label values from more than one object at a time. We can use reference text to label alignment, COGO point, parcel, profile, and surface values at the same time or in various combinations.

For today’s discussion we will create two label styles which use reference text. One will be a surface spot elevation to label finished ground and original ground for lot corners and the other will label the names and stations of both roads at an intersection at the same time. The best part of these labels is that they are dynamic; if the underlying object changes so does the label. Let’s start with the elevation label.

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We will create two components, one for OG and one for FG. Since they are two different surfaces we can create one normal elevation component but the second will be reference text, the type of course being surface (see Figure 14).

Figure 14

When you then go to apply the labels I prefer to select the dialog option which brings up a dialog box (see Figure 15 right side) where you can then select the referenced object you want to label. Once you have one label on the drawing you can simply use the copy command and use the osnaps to add the label to any spot on the drawing you like. The label will instantly update with the values of the object at that location.

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Figure 15

Reference text has many useful applications. A particularly useful example is labeling the alignment names, stations, and profile elevations at an intersection.

The Direction Arrow Certain objects allow us to create a component called a direction arrow. Parcels, pipes, and general line label styles all allow us to add a direction arrow. It can be used to indicate the direction of an object or as an anchor for a different label component. In the 3 examples we’re going to look at it is used as an anchor for other label objects.

First is a parcel label style that is included in some of Autodesk’s Civil 3D templates which ship with the product. It is called “iron pipe node label” and is set up to put a circle with a wipeout at the ends of a parcel line. It uses the direction arrow to locate the ends of the line Figure 16).

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Figure 16

Next we will create a style to label the flow direction of a pipe at the end of the pipe. First we will create a new pipe label style and then add two components: first the flow direction arrow and then a flow arrow block. The important thing to remember is that the fixed length needs to be set to false on the direction arrow and the anchor point for the block needs to be the end of the flow direction arrow. Also the visibility of the direction arrow is set to false as it’s being used as an anchor point only (see Figure 17).

Figure 17

The last example in this section will deal with labeling feature lines. Once again we use direction arrows to anchor our labels. We will create a general line label style. The components will consist of a direction arrow and a general segment start z (see Figure 18). When we pick a feature line it will label the start point elevation. We could also add grade labels in this fashion.

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Figure 18

Section View Labels Section views allow us to automatically create many different types of labels. As soon as we create the section view (as long as we have the styles set up and the right sources sampled) we can instantly see a myriad of different labels. The labels can include rights of way, corridor components such as top of curb elevation or cross fall slope, and any other object you can create.

Once again the solution is fairly simple once you’ve worked your way through it. First let’s look at right of way (ROW) labels. There are two ways of doing this, pre 2008 release and post 2008 release. We’ll look at the newest way of labeling ROW’s. We can now add profile grade lines to our section views. To show ROW’s in our drawing we first create alignments for the left and right ROW. If you want to display a marker where the ROW crossed the surface you also need a profile for the alignment. In my example I’ve sampled the OG surface. To add the profile grade lines we go to our sample line group properties and select the section views tab and then the profile grade ellipses (see Figure 19). Once there we simply add the alignments we would like to see in our section views and the corresponding profile and marker style.

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Figure 19

The ROW lines are then represented by grid lines in the section view (see Figure 20). The style must also have those lines turned on for you to be able to see them (grid at profile grade points). You may have noticed there are no markers at the og surface crossing point as they were turned off in the example to the right. Next we will look at using markers and label styles within code sets to label various places on our section (for example top of curb and lane crossfall).

Figure 20

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Corridor Labels Using code set markers and labels we can create very detailed section views without actually having to enter any text or perform any calculations. In our example we are going to work with a code set to label the top of curb and the slope of our two lanes as mentioned above.

Code sets are very powerful and don’t seem to get used to their full potential. Let’s add our new styles to a new code set in our drawing. When creating a new code set we can import codes from an assembly in the drawing by selecting import codes. I’ve chosen to create a new code set from the assembly and then create a new label style (see Figure 21 below).

Figure 21

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In the new label style we can add a line and other label components as fits our requirements. We can add a link label style and a marker label style and add them to our new code set (see Figure 22).

Figure 22

Once we are happy with our new code set we apply it to our section views and review our newly labeled objects (see Figure 23).

Figure 23

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Finally we can quickly label corridors by creating cogo points. Remember that these points are not dynamic so if we change the corridor we need to recreate the point group.

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advanced autocad civil 3d labels composers aren´t just for music - traduzindo

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