Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia – Ponds and Cages

Kevin Fitzsimmons, John Woiwode, R.S.N. Janjua ASA SoyPak

Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan19 March 2012

Carp and Tilapia• Carps are most important farmed food fish and

tilapia are second.• Global demand, variety of production systems and

geographic regions, some vertically integrated• Environmentally sustainable – “Green Aquaculture”

(no fish meal required in the diet, no antibiotics, many farms use effluents for crops)

Subsistence and Export Commodity• Tilapia is unique in its role as a small livestock

animal grown by subsistence farmers in developing countries around the world…..

• And• It is widely grown and exported to high value

markets to be served in expensive restaurants and grocery stores

• Commodity or specialty crop - BOTH, like chicken

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World Tilapia Production of 3,300,000 mt in 2011

US Tilapia consumption (imports and domestic)368,295 mt of live weight (equivalent) – 2006

437,000 mt of live weight (equivalent) - 2007453,264 mt of live weight (equivalent) – 2008

465,953 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2009)579,443 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2010)

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Carp and tilapia in ponds

Extensive ponds

Semi-intensive ponds

Multiple small cages

Taal Lake, Philippines

Irrigation Reservoir, Arizona

Paulo Afonso Reservoir, Brasil

Other small cages

Nile Delta, Egypt

All tilapia farms have dogs, even cage farms

Shrimp Pond, Philippines

Shrimp Pond, Thailand

Large cage farms

Pond culture to crop irrigation

Fish and citrus in Hainan, China

Integration of aquaculture and agricultureWater pH reduced from 8.3 to 8.0Added 19.7 kg/ha N to 45 kg/ha used in

standard fertilization schedule of cotton.

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Results - Integration of aquaculture and agriculture

Contributed 2.6 kg/ha P to cotton crop.

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Cotton Height 2002

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Plant height with Fish Effluent, Standard Fertilizer and Well Water

Extruders

Floating feeds Feed mixes with steam in barrel of extruder Cooks ingredients, improves palatability Gelatinizes starches Steam expansion and auger forces feed out

of barrel with rapid expansion. Traps air in pellet, allows to float

Bangladesh tilapia aquaculture

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Future global tilapia aquaculture

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Conclusions Tilapia are omnivores But eating anything will not make you grow

fast and strong Tilapia need balanced nutrition for rapid

growth just like human children

Buy TILAPIA

Thank you!

Questions and discussion?