a+ds sustainable placemaking 1 - place is a public good
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Sustainable Placemaking : place is a public goodTRANSCRIPT
SustainablePlacemakingMeeting the challenge of a low carbon Scotland
place
““place is a public good”place is a public good”
Learning towns
Learning towns
A whole place approach
outcomesoutcomes
resourcesresources assetsassets
effects/impactseffects/impacts
stewardshipstewardship
Low carbon Scotland: legislation• The Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006;• The Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009;• Climate Change Delivery Plan (2009);• National Planning Framework (2009);• Scottish Planning Policy (SPP);• Circular 1/2009: Development Planning
• Designing Places• Designing Streets
• Planning for Outcomes/Regeneration policies
Low carbon Scotland: the challenge• Sustainable Economic Growth Strategy
– Healthier– Wealthier/ fairer– Greener– Smarter– Safer and stronger
• Climate Change Act 2009– 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050– 42% reduction by 2020
• Low carbon electricity by 2030 • Low carbon road vehicles, and significant electrification of rail by 2050, with
significant progress by 2030• Low carbon heating by 2050, with significant progress by 2030, through
reduced demand, better energy efficiency and a massive increase in renewable and low carbon heating systems
• Fewer emissions from agricultural businesses - more woodland and protection for carbon rich soils.
Sustainable placemaking
Now Future
Adaptation?
Mitigation?
Do Nothing
Time
Do Nothing?:• More of the same. • Target the worst cases• Focus on projects
Mitigation• Prescriptive and codified design based on generic urban design principles
Adaptation• Context led• Responsive to scales• Driven by desire to enable better environments and better decisionmaking
Next Malmo?
Meeting the challenge
Quantitative Greenhouse Gas Impact Assessment:Quantitative Greenhouse Gas Impact Assessment:
A Tool For Spatial Planning Policy DevelopmentA Tool For Spatial Planning Policy Development
Phase 1: Feasibility Report
Scottish Government, 2011
Planning decisions inform the FORM and LOCATION of new development therefore directly impact GHG emissions
Spatial strategies are a tool the planning system deploys to address climate change
The amount of carbon / GHG’s produced by a development can vary dramatically depending on the design approach
A tool to measure GHG’s is therefore likely to be more accurate at the LDP/SPG level*
*dependent on the level of FORM detail
Infrastructure to support development should be addressed in Development Plans NOT through the Development Management process (para 16, SPP)
Can these be addressed without FORM?
N P FInaccurate?
SPG
SDPInaccurate?
LDPMore precise?
FORM
land water food energy building material people
Maximise ‘Livability’
Minimise Waste Outputs
Optimise urban settlement design and decision making processes
Manage resource Inputs
social prioritiestransport prioritieseconomic prioritiescultural priorities
solid waste liquid waste toxics sewage air pollution greenhouse gases waste heat noise
health employment income education housing leisure activities accessibility urban design quality community
Low carbon Scotland: a model
The process The process creates valuecreates value
Its statutory: you Its statutory: you have to do ithave to do it
Motivations
Contexts
Growth: Growth: better new
TransformationTransformation:: change context
Retrofit:Retrofit: Adapt existing
placemaking
Direct: Direct: Quality of houses, quality of neighbourhood, accessibility, transport,
public space, shops, education and jobs;
Indirect:Indirect: Health, safety, density, image and the perception of the social environment;
External:External: Air quality, neighbourhood effects and noise;
DistributionalDistributional:: Income, employment, ripple-effect.
Quality of lifeQuality of lifeQuality of servicesQuality of servicesQuality of designQuality of design
Value measures... Value by place-shaping
Nation and regionWhole SettlementDistricts Streets Blocks Plots Buildings
place-shaping: issues & scales
Quality of public services
Energy Waste Water Transport Green Infrastructure
Public space
City
N’hood
Street
Site
Building
“You must be joking! How much?”
New building regulations: mandatory
Cost to the individualCost to the producer
Public cost
VALUE is the key
Fro
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era
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7 F
ebru
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20
07
Cost base and value engineering
Cost base and return periods
Pragmatic Sustainability
ComfortComfort
CashCash
ContributionContribution
Character
Quality ‘ordinary’Quality
‘ordinary’
Quality ‘special’Quality ‘special’
Ordinary buildings: Ordinary placesOrdinary Buildings: Special placesSpecial buildings: special places