Adjectives and Adverbs Chapter 16

p. 334

An adjective is used to describe a noun and a pronoun.

What kind? new car striped tie

Which one? this swan every page

How many? one hamburger many geese

How much? no food little rain

To modify means to change slightly

Think of the word house.Change it slightly:small houselarge wooden houseold white colonial housegrey house

Identifying the adjectives and modifiers

She saw a bright, smiling face.

The room, narrow and dark, frightened us.

More examples identifying

They are happy and talkative.

Quiet and sullen, he sat in the corner.

Exercise 1 p. 337

1. Ducks, geese, and swans are aquatic birds.

On your paper put this as answer: aquatic birds

2. All waterfowl3. These birds webbed feet4-10 on your own

Articles- A, An, The

Definite article the refers to a specific person, place, or thing.

Indefinite article a and an are not specific person, place, or thing.

Use an before a vowel sound

Exercise 2 p. 339

You must write out the sentences!1. __I__ lake is __I__ ideal place for swans to live.

2. __D__ water must not be too deep. 3-10 on your own

Nouns as adjectives

nouns Used as adjectives

Shoe Shoe salesperson

Waterfowl The waterfowl refuge

Identify all adjectives.

The basketball player has three fouls.A police officer made difficult decision.Army wives worry all the time.The Kleenex box has soft tissues.Many students will go to the skate center.James went home to play video games.

Exercise 3 p. 340

1. waterfowl (family)2. winter (season)3. wedge (formation)4-10 on own

Rest of the hour

Finish exercise 1-3

Not homework- bring back with you tomorrow! do not lose it

New material

Proper Adjectives

Proper Adjective begins with a capital letter.

Proper Adjective is a proper noun being used as an adjective.

Proper Adjective is formed from a proper noun.

Proper Adjective examples

Proper Noun Used as a proper adjective

Truman the Truman library (which library)

Florida Florida wetlands (what kind of wetlands)

December December weather (what kind of weather)

Exercise 4 p. 341

Example: An Austrian tourist watched the geese in flight.

Austrian (tourist)1. Snow geese live in the Arctic region

surrounding the North Pole.Arctic (region)

2-5 on your own

Compound Adjectives

Compound adjectives are made up of more than one word.

** most of the time they are written as hyphenated words or combined words.

Hyphenated Combined

A well-known actress

A featherweight boxer

A full-time job A freshwater lake

Exercise 5 p. 342

Example: After the accident, the oil-covered highway slowed traffic for hours.

oil-covered (highway)

1. Ducks, geese, and swans are web-footed birds that come in all sizes, shapes, and colors.

web-footed (birds)2-10 on your own

Yesterday’s Assignment:

Finish yesterday’s assignment exercises 1-3.Today’s assignment is exercises 4-5.Worksheets 16.1

All Work Due on Friday

New material

Listen Up and Pay attention

Nouns and pronouns as adjectives

A noun or pronoun is used as an adjective if it modifies a noun.

The duck pond sometimes freezes in winter.We see the duckling on this side of the pond.Which ducks are the males?

Possessive nouns and pronouns as adjectives.

Personal pronouns are often called possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, and their.

They are adjectives because they answer the question Which one?

They are pronouns because they have antecedents.

What is an antecedent?

Pronouns

A word that takes the place of a noun or group of words acting as a noun.

he

she

we

they

them

him

her

this

which

you

mine

Antecedent

Is the noun (or group of words acting as a noun) for which a pronoun stands.

Antecedent

What does that mean?Antecedents- weird word

Antecedents With pronouns: The firefighters described how they did their jobs.

If we didn’t have pronouns this would

be the sentence…

Without pronouns: The firefighters described how the firefighters did the firefighters’ jobs.

When you use a pronoun, you are writing a sentence to avoid repeating the nouns throughout the sentence.

Exercise 6 p. 344

Possessive adjective Noun modified

Antecedent

Ex. its tail puppy

1. their exploration Europeans

2. his diary Columbus

Demonstrative adjectives

Demonstrative pronouns can be used as adjective: this, that, these, and those

We saw that.That lake is home to many geese.What are these?These gulls are searching for food.

Exercise 7 p. 345

Ex. I learned that last year. that (pronoun)Ex. I did well on that test. that (adj.) test

1. those (pronoun)2. these (adj.) gulls

Interrogative adjectives

Interrogative pronouns can be adjectives. which, what, and whose

Which do you think he will choose?Which parrot do you think he will buy?Whose can that be?Whose macaw can that be?

Exercise 8 p. 346

Ex. What do you want? What (pronoun)Ex. What words can she speak? What (words)

1. Which (pronoun)2. What (tips)

Section Review p. 347 9-12

Ex. 9 write the adjective and draw an arrow to the noun it modifies

Ex. 10 write out the sentencesEx. 11 write the adjective and the noun it

modifiesEx. 12 same as 11

Thursday’s assignment

Finish exercises 1-8 and WS from yesterday Section Review 9-12 All worksheets and bookwork due tomorrow by the end of the hour Complex WS due on MONDAY Vocab test tomorrow

Adverbs

Adverbs can modify 3 parts of speech.◦Verb, adjective or another adverb

Answers four questions◦Where? When? In What way? To what extent?

Adverbs

Where? Push upwardFell thereTravels everywhereGo outside

When? Arrived yesterdayComes dailySwims oftenExhibits yearly

In what way? Works carefullySpeaks wellChews noisilyActed willingly

To what extent? Hardly ateReally surprisedAlmost criedPartly finished

Exercise 16 p. 348

1. One of California’s main attractions is the coastline, which stretches continuously along the western border of the state.

Continuously- In what way?2-5 on your own

Adverbs modify adjectives

To what extent?

Very upsetDefinitely wrongExtremely tallNot hungry

Exercise 17 p. 349

1. California’s central valley has soil abundantly rich in nutrients.

2. The state’s warm weather allows for an unusually long growing season.

3. Farmers are able to grow many different kinds of fruits and vegetables.

1. abundantly (rich)2. unusually (long)3. many (different)

Tuesday’s assignment

Exercise 16 and 17 WS 16.2 (due

Thursday)

Adverbs modifying other adverbs

To what extent?

moved very quicklynot completely wrong

climbed almost overonly just recognizable

Exercise 18 p. 350

1. Many animals have adapted quite successfully to life in the California desert.

2. The grizzly bear almost entirely disappeared from the state in the 1920’s.

3. Cougars and bobcats too greatly populate the foothills and woodlands.

1. quite (successfully)2. almost (entirely)3. too (greatly)

Finding adverbs

Location Example

At beginning Silently, she approached the ocean.

At end She approached the ocean silently.

Before a verb She silently approached the ocean.

After a verb She tiptoed silently into the ocean.

Between verb phrase

She had silently entered the ocean.

Before an adj.

Her father was always quiet.

Before an adv.

Her father spoke rather quietly.

Exercise 19 p. 351

1. Trees have been effectively used for many things.

Trees have been effectively used for many things.

Exercise 20 p. 353

1. Some fruit trees bloom earlier than others.

Adverb2. Usually, the blossoms don’t last long. Adverb3. Sharing the fruit from one’s trees is a

neighborly gesture. Adjective

Exercise 21 and 22 p. 353

Exercise 211. dailyWe get a daily newspaper. (adj.)It arrives at 7 am daily. (adv.)

Exercise 22The trees reach into the sky.The large oak trees reach high into the

sky.

Wednesday’s Assignment

Finish Tuesday’s work 16 and 17WS 16.2 (due tomorrow)

Exercises 18, 19, 20, 21, 22

Thursday’s assignment

Finish any of the adverb exercises 16-22Section Review p. 355 23-25All book work due Tuesday.