adjective normal position (04)

8/4/2019 Adjective Normal Position (04)

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Table of ContentsTable of ContentsTable of ContentsTable of ContentsAdjectives (1): Normal Position .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2

Adjectives (2): After Nouns and Pronouns....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Adjectives (3): Position after as, how, so, too ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4

Adjectives (4): Order before Nouns ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

Adjectives (5): With and................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Adjectives (6): Without Nouns......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Adjectives (7): Pronunciation of aged, naked, etc……………………………………………………………………………………..……………10

Adjectives (8): What can follow an adjective?...........................................................................................................................................................10



Adjectives (1): Normal Position

Two Positions

1. Attributive Position

Adjective + Noun (Adjective usually comes before noun)

Eg – The beautiful girl doesn’t like me because I am very ugly.

2. Predicative Position

Verb (linking verb) + Adjective (Adjective usually comes after verb)

E.g. – She looks beautiful, doesn’t she?

(linking verbs are seem, feel, look, be, etc…)

Adjectives used only before nouns

Some adjectives are used only or mostly before nouns. After verbs, other words must be used.

Adjective + Noun Verb + Adjective

E.g. My elder sister is a pilot. E.g. He is three years older than me.

Intensifying (emphasizing) adjective + Noun+ Noun+ Noun+ NounE.g. – He’s a meremeremeremere child.

Adjectives used only after verbs Adjectives used only after verbs Adjectives used only after verbs Adjectives used only after verbs



A နဲ ့ စတဲ ့ Adjective ေြတ ကိ ု linking verb (အထ ူးသျဖင္ ့ be) ရ.ဲေနာက္ မွ ာ ထားတယ။္ ဒါေပမဲ ့ noun ရ.ဲေနာက္ မွ ာ ထားမယ္ဆိ ုရင္ေတ့ ာ စာလံ ု းေျပာင္ းေပးရမယ။္

Linking verb + A….. (Linking verb + A….. (Linking verb + A….. (Linking verb + A….. (Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective))))E.g. – The baby isisisis aaaasleepsleepsleepsleep. (A sleeping baby)

Ill and well (Adjective) ကိ ုေတ့ ာ verb ရဲ.ေနာက္ မွာ ထားတယ္။ Verb + ill/well Verb + ill/well Verb + ill/well Verb + ill/well

E.g. – He isisisis very wellwellwellwell. - You look illillillill. A health/fit man (attributive) Nurses take care of sick people. (Predicative)

Verb Verb Verb Verb ++++ objectobjectobjectobject ++++ adjectiveadjectiveadjectiveadjectiveE.g. - I will getwill getwill getwill get the carthe carthe carthe car readyreadyreadyready.

Adjective (2): After Nouns and Pronouns

Fixed Phrases

Noun + Adjective

E.g. – Court martial (=military court)

Available, Possible etc.

Noun + Adjective = relative clauses

E.g. – Send all the tickets available.

Send all the available tickets. (= ….. tickets which are available.)

Adverbs can be used like this way.

Aw…. We must

put adjectives

after nouns and

pronouns. I

didn’t know it

before….



E.g. – the woman upstairs.

Present, Proper

Some adjectives can be put before a noun or after a verb but the meanings are different.

E.g. – present members ( လကရွ္ ိ အြဖ ဲ လကရွ္ ိ အြဖ ဲ လကရွ္ ိ အြဖ ဲ လကရွ္ ိ အြဖ ဲ....၀ ၀၀ ၀င္ မ်ားင္ မ်ားင္ မ်ားင္ မ်ား) Members present (ခု တကေ္ရာက္ တဲ ့ အြဖ ဲခု တက္ေရာက္ တဲ ့ အြဖ ဲခု တကေ္ရာက္ တဲ ့ အြဖ ဲခု တက္ေရာက္ တဲ ့ အြဖ .ဲ...၀ ၀၀ ၀င္ မ်ားင္ မ်ားင္ မ်ားင္ မ်ား)

E.g. – a proper mountain (a real mountain)

The mountain proper (the central mountain)

Expressions of measurement

Adjective ေြတ ဟာ measurement ကိ ု ေဖာ္ ျပတဲ ့ noun တိ ု ့ရဲ ့ေနာက္ မွ ာ လိ ု က္ တယ္။E.g. – two meters highhighhighhigh

ဒါေပမဲ ့ ျြခင္ းခ်က္ေအနနဲ ့ worthworthworthworth ကိ ုေတာ့ measurement ရဲ ့ ေရွ ့ မွ ာ ထားေရးတယ္။E.g. – worthworthworthworth 100 euros

Adjectives with complements Adjectives with complements Adjectives with complements Adjectives with complements

Noun + Adjective + ComplementNoun + Adjective + ComplementNoun + Adjective + ComplementNoun + Adjective + ComplementAdjective ေြတ ဟာ သူတိ ု ့ ကိ ု ယ ္ပိ ုင္ complement ပါရင္ noun ေနာက္ မွ ာ လိ ု က ္တယ။္

E.g. – We are looking for people skilled in designpeople skilled in designpeople skilled in designpeople skilled in design.Relative clauses ေြတ လိ ု မိ်ဳး ေရးမယ္ဆိ ုရင္

Eg – We are looking for people who are skilled in design.Different, similar, next, last, best, etc… + Noun + Complement

Eg – Mother Teresa is the bestbestbestbest mother in the worldin the worldin the worldin the world.



Something, everything, etc.Something, everything, etc.Something, everything, etc.Something, everything, etc.

Something, everything, etc. (pronoun) + AdjectiveSomething, everything, etc. (pronoun) + AdjectiveSomething, everything, etc. (pronoun) + AdjectiveSomething, everything, etc. (pronoun) + AdjectiveE.g. – Let’s go somewheresomewheresomewheresomewhere quiet.

Adjectives (3): Position after as, how, so, too Adjectives (3): Position after as, how, so, too Adjectives (3): Position after as, how, so, too Adjectives (3): Position after as, how, so, too

As/how/so/too/this/that + Adjective + As/how/so/too/this/that + Adjective + As/how/so/too/this/that + Adjective + As/how/so/too/this/that + Adjective + a/an + Nouna/an + Nouna/an + Nouna/an + Noun (formal style) As/how/so/too/this/that တိ ု ့ရဲ ့ေနာက္ မွ ာ a/an လိ ုက ္တယ္။E.g. – I have as good a voiceas good a voiceas good a voiceas good a voice as you. A AA A/ // /An An An An မပါရင္ မပါရင္ မပါရင္ မပါရင္ structurestructurestructurestructure တညေ္ဆာက္ လိ ု ့ မရဘူ း။ တညေ္ဆာက္ လိ ု ့ မရဘူ း။ တညေ္ဆာက္ လိ ု ့ မရဘူ း။ တညေ္ဆာက္ လိ ု ့ မရဘူ း။E.g. – I like your country – it’s so beautiful.

Adjectives (4): Order before Nouns Adjectives (4): Order before Nouns Adjectives (4): Order before Nouns Adjectives (4): Order before Nouns

Adjective ေြတ ကိ ု Adjective order အ တိ ုင္ း ေရးရမယ္။ ေရးနည ္းႏွ စ္ မိ်ဳး ရွ ိ တယ္။1111.... NounNounNounNoun သံ ု းလံ ု းပံ ု စံ သံ ု းလံ ု းပံ ု စံ သံ ု းလံ ု းပံ ု စံ သံ ု းလံ ု းပံ ု စံ (noun position)(noun position)(noun position)(noun position)

E.g. – red exercise book red exercise book red exercise book red exercise book



2222.... Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective ႏွ စ္ လံ ု းနဲ ့ ႏွ စ္ လံ ု းနဲ ့ ႏွ စ္ လံ ု းနဲ ့ ႏွ စ္ လံ ု းနဲ ့ NounNounNounNoun တစ္ လံ ု း တစ္ လံ ု း တစ္ လံ ု း တစ္ လံ ု းE.g. – fat old ladyfat old ladyfat old ladyfat old lady

1. Description before classification: an old political ideaDescription before classification: an old political ideaDescription before classification: an old political ideaDescription before classification: an old political idea

Description = ေဖာ္ ျပျခင္းClassification = အမိ်ဳးအစားြခ ဲ ျခားျခင္ း

descriptiondescriptiondescriptiondescription classificationclassificationclassificationclassification nounnounnounnoun An oldoldoldold politicalpoliticalpoliticalpolitical ideaideaideaidea

2. Opinion before description: a wonderful houseOpinion before description: a wonderful houseOpinion before description: a wonderful houseOpinion before description: a wonderful houseOpinion = ထင္ ျမင္ ယူဆခ်က္

OpinionOpinionOpinionOpinion descriptiondescriptiondescriptiondescription nounnounnounnoun A lovelylovelylovelylovely coolcoolcoolcool drink drink drink drink

3. Order of descriptive wo3. Order of descriptive wo3. Order of descriptive wo3. Order of descriptive wordsrdsrdsrdsSizeSizeSizeSize ageageageage shapeshapeshapeshape colorcolorcolorcolor originoriginoriginorigin materialmaterialmaterialmaterial nounnounnounnoun

A bigbigbigbig oldoldoldold roundroundroundround brownbrownbrownbrown ScottScottScottScott woodenwoodenwoodenwooden chairchairchairchair

4. Numbers4. Numbers4. Numbers4. NumbersNumber + Adjective + NounNumber + Adjective + NounNumber + Adjective + NounNumber + Adjective + NounE.g. – sixsixsixsix largelargelargelarge eggseggseggseggs

Wow!! There

are many kinds

of Adjectives.



Ordinal number + Number + Adjective + NounOrdinal number + Number + Adjective + NounOrdinal number + Number + Adjective + NounOrdinal number + Number + Adjective + Noun

E.g. – the firstthe firstthe firstthe first threethreethreethree wonderful dayswonderful dayswonderful dayswonderful days

5. Noun modifiers after adjectives5. Noun modifiers after adjectives5. Noun modifiers after adjectives5. Noun modifiers after adjectivesNoun အခ်င္ းခ်င္ း အထ ူးျပဳေသာ noun ကိ ု noun modifier ဟု ုေခၚတယ္။E.g. – a big new carcarcarcar factory

NounNounNounNoun6. Commas6. Commas6. Commas6. Commas

Comma can be put in three ways.1111.... long sequenceslong sequenceslong sequenceslong sequences

E.g. – a little, young, brown Negroa little, young, brown Negroa little, young, brown Negroa little, young, brown Negro2222.... similar kinds of isimilar kinds of isimilar kinds of isimilar kinds of informationnformationnformationnformation

E.g. – an expensive, illan expensive, illan expensive, illan expensive, ill----planned, wasteful projectplanned, wasteful projectplanned, wasteful projectplanned, wasteful project3333.... physical descriptionphysical descriptionphysical descriptionphysical description

E.g. – a tall, dark, handsome cowboya tall, dark, handsome cowboya tall, dark, handsome cowboya tall, dark, handsome cowboyBut commas can be dropped short common adjectivesE.g. – a tall (,) dark (,) handsome cowboy

Adjectives (5): with and Adjectives (5): with and Adjectives (5): with and Adjectives (5): with and

ႏွ စ္ခု (သိ ု ့) ႏွ စ္ခု ထက ္ပိ ုေသာ Adjective ေြတ ကိ ု ေရးမယ္ဆိ ုရင္ ေနာကဆ္ံ ု း Adjective ရဲ ့ ေရွ ့ မွ ာ and ကိ ု ေရးရမယ။္ သိ ု ့ေသာ္ တခါေတလက်ရင္ and ကိ ု ထည္ ့ ေမပးလည္ း ရတယ္။ ေအျခေမေနပၚမွ ာ မူ တည္ တယ။္



After a verb After a verb After a verb After a verb

Verb + Adjective Verb + Adjective Verb + Adjective Verb + Adjective (predicative position)E.g. – He waswaswaswas tall, dark and hatall, dark and hatall, dark and hatall, dark and handsomendsomendsomendsome.

But, in a literacy styleliteracy styleliteracy styleliteracy style, we don’t use “and” we don’t use “and” we don’t use “and” we don’t use “and” .E.g. – My soul is exotic, mysterious, incomprehensibleMy soul is exotic, mysterious, incomprehensibleMy soul is exotic, mysterious, incomprehensibleMy soul is exotic, mysterious, incomprehensible.

BeforeBeforeBeforeBefore aaaa nounnounnounnoun

Adjective + Noun Adjective + Noun Adjective + Noun Adjective + Noun (attributive position)E.g. an angry youngangry youngangry youngangry young manmanmanman

Similar kinds of informationSimilar kinds of informationSimilar kinds of informationSimilar kinds of information မွ ာဆိ ုရင္ မွ ာဆိ ုရင္ မွ ာဆိ ုရင္ မွ ာဆိ ုရင္ andandandand ကိ ု ျဖဳတ္ ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ထည္ ့ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ကိ ု ျဖဳတ္ ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ထည္ ့ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ကိ ု ျဖဳတ္ ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ထည္ ့ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ကိ ု ျဖဳတ္ ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္ ထည္ ့ခ်င္ လည္ းရတယ။္E.g. a cruelcruelcruelcruel (and)(and)(and)(and) viciousviciousviciousvicious tyrant

We use “and” when adjectives are more than two which are different types of thingsdifferent types of thingsdifferent types of thingsdifferent types of things.E.g. a concreteconcreteconcreteconcrete andandandand glassglassglassglass factory

We also use “and” when we say different classesdifferent classesdifferent classesdifferent classes.E.g. - She is a musicalmusicalmusicalmusical andandandand artisticartisticartisticartistic genius.

Nice and…Nice and…Nice and…Nice and…



3333.... When thinking about a choice between two or more different kinds of things, we leave out the noun.When thinking about a choice between two or more different kinds of things, we leave out the noun.When thinking about a choice between two or more different kinds of things, we leave out the noun.When thinking about a choice between two or more different kinds of things, we leave out the noun.E.g. - Have you got any breadHave you got any breadHave you got any breadHave you got any bread?

Do you want white or brown?Do you want white or brown?Do you want white or brown?Do you want white or brown?

Sometimes, we can use color adjectivescolor adjectivescolor adjectivescolor adjectives as a pluralpluralpluralplural.E.g. - Many girls want to wear whiteswhiteswhiteswhites and pinkspinkspinkspinks. (=white and pink shoeswhite and pink shoeswhite and pink shoeswhite and pink shoes)

SSSSuperlativesuperlativesuperlativesuperlatives

We can leave out the nouns when we use supWe can leave out the nouns when we use supWe can leave out the nouns when we use supWe can leave out the nouns when we use superlative adjectives.erlative adjectives.erlative adjectives.erlative adjectives.E.g. - I am the most geniusthe most geniusthe most geniusthe most genius in the world.

Adjectives (7 Adjectives (7 Adjectives (7 Adjectives (7): pronunciation of aged, naked): pronunciation of aged, naked): pronunciation of aged, naked): pronunciation of aged, naked, etc., etc., etc., etc.

We must pronounce theWe must pronounce theWe must pronounce theWe must pronounce the last syllable of adjectives as RDlast syllable of adjectives as RDlast syllable of adjectives as RDlast syllable of adjectives as RD whichwhichwhichwhich isisisis ending withending withending withending with EDEDEDED....

E.g. - agedagedagedaged / / / / erd3rderd3rderd3rderd3rd / (=very old) / (=very old) / (=very old) / (=very old)

When we meanWhen we meanWhen we meanWhen we mean ‘aged’ ‘aged’ ‘aged’ ‘aged’ asasasas “years old” “years old” “years old” “years old” and it is a verb, we must pronounce itand it is a verb, we must pronounce itand it is a verb, we must pronounce itand it is a verb, we must pronounce it “erd3d”. “erd3d”. “erd3d”. “erd3d”.



Adjectives (8): what can follow an adjective? Adjectives (8): what can follow an adjective? Adjectives (8): what can follow an adjective? Adjectives (8): what can follow an adjective?

Preposition + Noun or GarandPreposition + Noun or GarandPreposition + Noun or GarandPreposition + Noun or Garand Adjective အမ်ားစု ဟာ complements လိ ု က္ႏိ ု ္င္ တယ။္ဒါေပမယ္ ့ Adjective တိ ုင္ းကိ ု complements မလိ ု က္ႏိ ုင္ဘူ း။E.g. I am interested inininin cookerycookerycookerycookery.

Adjective + to infinitive Adjective + to infinitive Adjective + to infinitive Adjective + to infinitiveE.g. - You don’t look happyhappyhappyhappy to seeto seeto seeto see me.

For + adjective + to infinitiveFor + adjective + to infinitiveFor + adjective + to infinitiveFor + adjective + to infinitiveE.g. - I am anxious forforforfor her to get a good education.

Some adjectives can be followed by clausesclausesclausesclauses.

E.g. - I am glad that you were abthat you were abthat you were abthat you were able to comele to comele to comele to come.

Some adjectives can have more than one kind of complement.E.g. - I am pleasepleasepleasepleasedddd aboutaboutaboutabout the promotion.

Adjective + Noun + Complement Adjective + Noun + Complement Adjective + Noun + Complement Adjective + Noun + ComplementE.g. - He is a difficultdifficultdifficultdifficult person to understandto understandto understandto understand.

adjective normal position (04)

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