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AdHoc Committee on Healthcare Copyright©2016 International Code Council, Inc.

Meeting #16 Agenda Item 6.1

In addition to the previously posted agenda item, the following code changes have been identified for possible review by the Ad Hoc Committee on Healthcare, pending confirmation of scope.

Code Change # Page #

ADM36 Pg. 2 Defines the threshold for medical care facilities complying with IRC

ADM37 Pg. 4 Defines the threshold for medical care facilities complying with IRC

CE37 Pg. 5 Alternate compliance path for Energy performance – includes hospitals and medical offices

CE119 Pg. 16 Reorganizes C403.2 & C403.4 into equipment based organization which impacts hospitals

CE122 Pg. 73 Aligns C403.2.12 with ASHRAE 90.1 which impacts hospitals

CE140 Pg. 77 Establishes upper limit of outside air – impacts hospital operations especially in sterile areas

CE157 Pg. 79 Clarifies hospitals are not residential

CE178 Pg. 83 Exemption of dwelling & sleeping units for lighting controls – adds foot note regarding patient rooms

CE179 Pg. 87 Exemption of occupant sensors for direct patient care rooms

CE205 Pg. 91 Addition of clarifying footnotes to Lighting Power Density Tables – adds foot note regarding patient rooms

CE206 Pg. 100 Modifications of LPD numbers – modifies hospital watts/sf number

CE208 Pg. 109 Modifications of LPD numbers – modifies hospital watts/sf number

CE225 Pg. 119 Required segregation of energy distribution system monitoring – would impact hospital especially those with centralized utility systems

CE234 Pg. 122 Removes reduced energy use in service water heating option which is currently available to hospitals

F77 Pg. 124 Emergency lighting equipment inspection and testing which is performed in healthcare facilities

F79 Pg. 126 Fuel line piping protection – will impact hospital generator fuel systems

F82 Pg. 127 Extension cords shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 817 – will cause confusion for the requirement for UL 1363 & 1363A listing within patient care areas

F203 Pg. 128

Fire code change to special locking systems and delayed egress – expands delayed egress to special locking – impacts work that AHC did in coordination with BHMA during 2015 cycle

F222 Pg. 129

Addition of carbon monoxide detection to rooms or spaces used for assembly purpose which will impact several areas in I‐2’s and AC’s, waiting areas, teaching/conference centers, cafeterias, chapels, lobbies, etc.

F227 Pg. 133

Requirement for building permit to install mass notification systems – impacts several systems required within I‐2’s and AC’s – Fire Alarms, Overhead Paging Systems, Active Shooter systems, etc.

F340 Pg. 135 Labs and laboratories – every hospital has one

F366 Pg. 150 Coordination of med gas room requirements (similar to last years) competes with ours?

S83 Pg. 152 IBC: 1607.1. Adds operating room live loads into structural requirements. Used under category of laboratories?

S113 Pg. 161 Not sure this one should be included but hospitals are included in the cost breakdown in Justification

AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

ADM36-16IRC: R101.2Proponent : Stephen Thomas, Colorado Code Consulting, LLC, representing Colorado Chapter ICC([email protected])

THIS CODE CHANGE WILL BE HEARD BY THE IRC - BUILDING CODE COMMITTEE. SEE THETENTATIVE HEARING ORDER FOR THIS COMMITTEES.

2015 International Residential CodeRevise as follows:

R101.2 Scope. The provisions of the International Residential Code for One- and Two-familyDwellings shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replacement, repair,equipment, use and occupancy, location, removal and demolition of detached one- and two-familydwellings and townhouses not more than three stories above grade plane in height with aseparate means of egress and their accessory structures not more than three stories above gradeplane in height.

Exceptions:1. Live/work units located in townhouses and complying with the requirements of

Section 419 of the International Building Code shall be permitted to beconstructed in accordance with the International Residential Code for One-and Two-FamilyDwellingsthis code. Fire suppression required by Section 419.5of the International Building Code where constructed under the InternationalResidential Code for One- and Two-family Dwellings shall conform to SectionP2904.

2. Owner-occupied lodging houses with five or fewer guestrooms shall bepermitted to be constructed in accordance with the International ResidentialCode for One- and Two-family Dwellings where equipped with a fire sprinklersystem in accordance with Section P2904 this code.

3. A care facility with five or fewer persons receiving custodial care withina dwelling unit shall be permitted to be constructed in accordance with thiscode.

4. A care facility with five or fewer persons receiving medical care within adwelling unit shall be permitted to be constructed in accordance with thiscode.

5. A care facility for five or fewer persons receiving care that are within a single-family dwelling are permitted to be constructed in accordance with this code.

Reason: There are four locations in the IBC that permits an occupancy to be constructed under the IRC. How ever,w hen you go to the scope of the IRC, the scoping section does not have anything that relates to those uses and thecross reference. Therefore, w e have provided language that is consistent w ith the IBC language to properly scopethe requirements for the IRC. Without these scoping items, there is no connection betw een the IBC and the IRC as itis intended to be. The cross referenced section in the IBC and the type of care is as follow s:Item 3 covers persons receiving "custodial care". (308.3.4 & 308.6.4)Item 4 covers persons receiving "medical care". (308.4.2)Item 5 covers persons just receiving care. (310.5.1)

The second part of this change is to eliminate unneeded language in the existing items 1 & 2. There is no reason thata section in the IRC should reference the "International Residential Code". Therefore, w e have replaced the w ordsw ith the the term, " this code". This is consistent w ith language elsew here in the IRC. We also eliminated thelanguage regarding the f ire sprinkler system since the IRC requires f ire sprinkler systems in new buildings already.This is redundant language and is not necessary.


ADM36-16 : R101.2-THOMAS11948

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThis change is a clarif ication of existing requirements and does not affect the cost of construction.


ADM37-16 : R101.2-SHAPIRO13533

ADM37-16IRC: R101.2Proponent : Jeffrey Shapiro, representing IRC Fire Sprinkler Coalition([email protected])

THIS CODE CHANGE WILL BE HEARD BY THE IRC - BUILDING CODE COMMITTEE. SEE THETENTATIVE HEARING ORDER FOR THIS COMMITTEES.

2015 International Residential CodeRevise as follows:

R101.2 Scope. The provisions of the International Residential Code for One- and Two-familyDwellings shall apply to the construction, alteration, movement, enlargement, replacement, repair,equipment, use and occupancy, location, removal and demolition of detached one- and two-familydwellings and townhouses not more than three stories above grade plane in height with aseparate means of egress and their accessory structures not more than three stories above gradeplane in height.

Exceptions:1. Live/work units located in townhouses and complying with the requirements of

Section 419 of the International Building Code shall be permitted to beconstructed in accordance with the International Residential Code for One-and Two-FamilyDwellings. Fire suppression required by Section 419.5 of theInternational Building Code where constructed under the InternationalResidential Code for One- and Two-family Dwellings shall conform to SectionP2904.

2. Owner-occupied lodging houses with five or fewer guestrooms shall bepermitted to be constructed in accordance with the International ResidentialCode for One- and Two-family Dwellingswhere equipped with a fire sprinklersystem in accordance with Section P2904.

3. A facility with five or fewer persons receiving custodial care or medical careshall be permitted to be constructed in accordance with the InternationalResidential Code for One- and Two-family Dwellings where equipped with a firesprinkler system in accordance with Section P2904.

Reason: Correlation w ith requirements in IBC Sections 308.3.4, 308.4.2 and 310.5.1, all of w hich only permit optingout of IBC and using the IRC w hen sprinklers are provided. Otherw ise, these occupancies are required to beconstructed using the IBC. Individuals receiving custodial and medical care in a residential environment are oftenunable to self-evacuate in the event of a f ire and may not have adequate staff support to ensure assistedevacuation. This is recognized by the IBC, w hich only permits using the IRC w hen f ire sprinklers are provided, andthe IRC should correlate w ith the IBC on this issue, just as it currently does for the identical treatment of lodginghouses.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe IBC and IRC both require f ire sprinklers in the affected occupancies, so the added text, w ith respect to how theI-codes are intended to apply (unamended) has no impact on the cost of construction.


CE37-16IECC: , C202 (New), C401.2, C409.1 (New), C409.2 (New), C409.2.1 (New),C409.2.1.1 (New), C409.2.2 (New), C409.2.2.1 (New), C409.3 (New), C409.3.1(New), C409.3.1.1 (New), C409.3.1.1.1 (New), C409.3.1.1.2 (New), C409.3.1.2(New), C409.3.2 (New), C409.3.3 (New), C409.3.4 (New).Proponent : Ryan Colker, representing National Institute of Building Sciences ([email protected])

2015 International Energy Conservation CodeAdd new definition as follows:

SECTION C202 DEFINITIONS

POST OCCUPANCY VERIFICATION PERMIT. A permit issued before a certificate ofoccupancy to address requirements of this code that occur post occupancy.

Revise as follows:

C401.2 Application. Commercial buildings shall comply with one of the following:

1. The requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1.2. The requirements of Sections C402 through C405. In addition, commercial buildings

shall comply with Section C406 and tenant spaces shall comply with SectionC406.1.1.

3. The requirements of Sections C402.5, C403.2, C404, C405.2, C405.3, C405.5,C405.6 and C407. The building energy cost shall be equal to or less than 85 percentof the standard reference design building.

4. The requirements of Sections C402.5, C405.6, C408 and C409.

Add new text as follows:

SECTION C409 OUTCOME-BASED COMPLIANCE

C409.1 Scope Outcome-based compliance shall be determined by actual measurement of allthe energy being used by the building and the energy using elements associated with the buildingsite. Outcome-based compliance buildings and building sites shall be in accordance withSections C409.1 through C409.3.

C409.2 Outcome-based compliance. Compliance for buildings and their sites to be designedon an outcome basis shall be determined by actual measurement of all the energy being usedafter the building and the energy using elements associated with the building site are in fulloperation in accordance with this section. Where a building has multiple occupancy types, themaximum allowable energy use shall be based on total gross floor area of each occupancy typein relation to the total gross floor area of all occupancy types within the building. Complianceshall be based on a determination of actual energy use in accordance with this section. Buildingshaving one or more uses or occupancies not listed in Table C409.2(1) shall not be eligible todemonstrate compliance with this code in accordance with Section C409.

C409.2.1 Target EUI (EUIt). The building shall demonstrate a measured EUI (EUIa) less than orequal to the energy target (EUIt) in Table C409.2(1) for the building use and occupancy and forthe climate zone in which the building is located. Where the code official requires an adjustment of EUIt due to a variation in the building location's


heating degree days base 65 (HDD65) from the reference HDD65 in Table C409.2(1) for theclimate zone in which the building is located, an adjusted energy target (EUItadj) shall bedetermined in accordance with Equation 4-10. EUItadj = EUIt+EUIadj (Equation 4-10) Where:EUIt = the Target Annual Source Energy Use Index in Table C409.2(1) for the building use andoccupancy and for the climate zone in which the building is located.EUIadj = HDD65 adjustment factor as determined by Equation 4-11.

EUIadj = (HDDa – HDDr) * ((HDDr * EUIslope) + EUIbase) (Equation 4-11)

Where:HDDa = the annual HDD65 at the building location as listed in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.1,Appendix D. HDDr = the reference HDD65 in Table C409.2(1) for the climate zone in which the building islocated. EUIslope = the change in EUI per HDD65 in Table C409.2(2) for the building use and occupancy. EUIbase= a constant value for EUI in Table C409.2(2) for the building use and occupancy.

TABLE C409.2.1 TABLE C409.2(1) TARGET ANNUAL SOURCE ENERGY USE INDEX (EUIt)

Climate ZoneA 1A 2A 2B 3A 3B-

C

3B-

O

3C 4A 4B 4C 5A 5B 5C 6A 6B 7 8

Reference HDD65 (HDDr) 200 1509 1350 3082 1458 2708 3016 4707 4425 4927 6536 5861 5267 7771 8031 9818 13940

Use and OccupancyB EUIt skBTU/sf/yr

Administrativ e/prof essional

of f ice

89 92 83 95 69 82 68 79 66 86 66 66 66 73 69 79 111

Bank/other f inancial 127 131 117 134 98 116 97 113 94 122 94 93 95 104 97 112 157

Gov ernment of f ice 112 115 103 118 86 102 85 99 82 107 83 82 84 91 86 99 138

Medical of f ice (non-diagnostic) 76 78 70 81 59 69 58 68 56 73 56 56 56 62 58 67 94

Mixed-use of f ice 103 107 96 110 80 94 79 92 76 99 77 76 77 85 79 92 128

Other of f ice 86 89 80 92 67 79 66 77 64 83 64 63 65 71 66 76 107

Laboratory 409 404 359 399 309 347 324 337 289 380 287 294 309 317 306 341 453

Distribution/shipping center 28 36 35 45 22 37 29 47 38 46 49 47 41 67 58 82 154

Nonref rigerated warehouse 14 17 17 22 11 18 14 23 18 22 24 23 20 33 28 40 75

Conv enience Store 309 335 285 347 267 292 289 288 250 334 245 254 285 265 260 285 360

Conv enience store with gas 249 270 230 279 215 235 232 232 201 269 197 205 230 213 209 230 290


Grocery stor/f ood market 257 279 237 289 223 243 240 240 208 278 204 212 237 221 216 238 300

Other f ood sales 78 84 72 87 67 74 73 73 63 84 62 64 72 67 65 72 91

Fire station/police station 151 149 132 147 114 128 119 124 106 140 106 108 114 117 113 126 167

Other public order and saf ety 137 136 121 134 104 116 109 113 97 127 96 99 104 106 103 114 152

Medical of f ice (diagnostic) 77 74 68 73 63 68 55 55 51 60 42 47 48 43 44 42 48

Clinic/other outpatient health 115 111 103 110 95 102 82 83 76 90 63 70 72 64 66 63 72

Ref rigerated warehouse 158 156 139 155 120 134 126 131 112 147 111 114 119 123 119 132 175

Religious worship 54 53 47 52 41 46 43 44 38 50 38 39 41 42 40 45 59

Entertainment/culture 53 53 47 52 40 45 42 44 38 49 37 38 41 41 40 44 59

Library 141 139 123 137 106 119 112 116 99 131 99 101 106 109 105 117 156

Recreation 61 60 53 59 46 51 48 50 43 56 43 44 46 47 45 51 67

Social/meeting 63 62 56 62 48 54 50 52 45 59 44 45 48 49 47 53 70

Other public assembly 65 64 57 63 49 55 51 53 46 60 45 47 49 50 49 54 72

College/univ ersity 141 141 127 142 94 122 103 125 100 137 107 102 111 124 113 136 201

Elementary /middle school 87 85 76 85 64 73 65 71 60 77 58 58 60 63 59 67 99

High school 103 103 92 104 69 89 75 91 73 100 78 75 80 90 82 99 147

Preschool/day care 112 110 97 110 82 94 84 91 77 99 75 75 78 82 77 86 127

Other classroom education 58 57 52 58 38 50 42 51 41 56 44 42 46 51 46 55 82

Fast f ood 600 615 553 632 499 559 515 532 467 603 455 473 503 497 484 538 680

Restaurant/caf eteria 324 333 296 343 265 300 280 288 253 331 246 256 283 267 262 291 367

Other f ood serv ice 177 182 162 187 145 164 153 158 138 181 135 140 155 146 143 159 200

Hospital/inpatient health 325 328 295 322 281 291 266 249 215 287 191 199 230 195 189 196 227

Nursing home/assisted liv ing 193 191 169 188 146 164 153 159 136 179 135 139 145 150 145 161 214

Dormitory /f raternity /sorority 92 98 89 108 66 91 82 101 81 115 90 87 89 103 96 117 163

Hotel 114 116 102 117 98 102 98 95 87 111 79 86 90 84 85 89 103

Motel or inn 127 121 110 116 100 106 95 90 83 102 73 79 84 76 76 78 94

Other lodging 121 115 105 111 96 101 91 86 79 97 69 76 80 73 73 75 90

Vehicle dealership/showroom 112 115 103 120 79 100 86 104 86 110 93 92 99 107 100 119 170

Retail store 64 66 59 69 45 57 49 59 49 63 53 53 56 61 57 68 97

Other retail 112 115 102 119 79 100 86 103 86 110 93 91 97 106 100 118 170

Post of f ice/postal center 98 97 86 96 74 83 78 81 69 91 69 70 73 76 73 82 108AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Repair shop 65 64 57 64 49 55 52 54 46 61 46 47 49 51 49 54 72

Vehicle serv ice/repair shop 76 75 66 74 57 64 60 62 54 70 53 54 56 59 57 63 84

Vehicle storage/maintenance 33 32 29 32 25 28 26 27 23 30 23 24 26 25 25 27 36

Other serv ice 138 137 121 135 105 117 110 114 98 128 97 99 104 107 104 115 153

Strip shopping mall 135 135 121 142 96 120 104 124 103 135 112 110 121 129 122 145 207

Enclosed mall 129 128 115 135 92 114 99 118 98 128 107 105 116 123 116 138 197

A Climate zones as determined in accordance with Section C301.

B Use and occupancy as determined by Chapter 3 of the International Building Code.

TABLE C409.2.1TABLE C409.2(2) CHANGE IN EUIt PER HDD65

Use and Occupancya EUIslope EUIbase

Administrativ e/prof essional of f ice 1.21E-06 -0.00727

Bank/other f inancial 1.70E-06 -0.01027

Gov ernment of f ice 1.50E-06 -0.00905

Medical of f ice(non-diagnostic) 1.03E-06 -0.00621

Mixed-use of f ice 1.40E-06 -0.00842

Other of f ice 1.16E-06 -0.00700

Laboratory 4.75E-06 -0.03038

Distribution/shipping center 1.49E-06 -0.00190

Nonref rigerated warehouse 7.15E-07 -0.00089

Conv enience store 2.60E-06 -0.01653

Conv enience store with gas 2.09E-06 -0.01328


Grocery store/f ood market 2.17E-06 -0.01378

Other f ood sales 6.58E-07 -0.00418

Fire station/police station 1.74E-06 -0.01116

Other public order and saf ety 1.59E-06 -0.01018

Medical of f ice (diagnostic) 7.25E-07 -0.00745

Clinic/other outpatient health 1.09E-06 -0.01117

Ref rigerated warehouse 1.84E-06 -0.01178

Religious worship 6.21E-07 -0.00398

Entertainment/culture 6.14E-07 -0.00393

Library 1.63E-06 -0.01046

Recreation 7.02E-07 -0.00449

Social/meeting 7.34E-07 -0.00470

Other public assembly 7.48E-07 -0.00479

College/univ ersity 2.17E-06 -0.01097

Elementary /middle school 1.23E-06 -0.00804

High school 1.59E-06 -0.00804

Preschool/day care 1.58E-06 -0.01030

Other classroom education 8.81E-07 -0.00445


Fast f ood 5.79E-06 -0.03700

Restaurant/caf eteria 2.97E-06 -0.01884

Other f ood serv ice 1.62E-06 -0.01028

Hospital/inpatient health 3.03E-06 -0.03040

Nursing home/assisted liv ing 2.24E-06 -0.01437

Dormitory /f raternity /sorority 1.12E-06 -0.00297

Hotel 8.55E-07 -0.00721

Motel or inn 1.31E-06 -0.01175

Other lodging 1.25E-06 -0.01121

Vehicle dealership/showroom 1.60E-06 -0.00708

Retail store 9.16E-07 -0.00407

Other retail 1.60E-06 -0.00711

Post of f ice/postal center 1.14E-06 -0.00730

Repair shop 7.56E-07 -0.00484

Vehicle serv ice/repair shop 8.84E-07 -0.00566

Vehicle storage/maintenance 3.76E-07 -0.00241

Other serv ice 1.61E-06 -0.01029

Strip shopping mall 1.90E-06 -0.00805


Enclosed mall 1.80E-06 -0.00764

AUse and occupancy as determined by Chapter 3 of the International Building Code.

C409.2.1.1 Weighted occupied floor area. The target energy use intensity shall bedetermined utilizing Table C409.2(1). The EUIt value from Table C409.2(1) shall be adjustedbased on the monthly weighted average of occupied floor area during the 12-month complianceperiod as documented in accordance with Section C409.3.3. For buildings with multiple use oroccupancy designations in Table C409.2(1), the EUIt shall be adjusted based on theweighted area average of the use or occupancy.

C409.2.2 Actual energy use intensity (EUIa). The actual energy use intensity (EUIa) ofthe building and building site shall be calculated in accordance with Equation 4-12. On-siterenewable energy generation shall be included in the calculation of the EUIa. EUIa = (AEUbldg – AEXPren)/TCFA (Equation 4-12) Where:AEUbldg = the annual energy consumed by the building and building site from all forms of energyincluding onsite renewable energy in Btus converted to source Btus. The source energymultiplier for electricity imported from the electricity grid shall be 3.15. The source energymultiplier for imported fuels other than electricity shall be 1.09.

AEXPren = the annual energy produced by onsite renewable energy systems exported to theelectricity grid in Btus converted to source Btus. The source energy multiplier for onsiterenewable energy exported to the electricity grid shall be 3.15.

TCFA = the total conditioned floor area of the building.

C409.2.2.1 Measurement of AEUs. AEUs shall be determined from metering, utility billing orother form of measurement acceptable to the code official and converted into consistent units inaccordance with Section C409.2.2.

C409.3 Compliance Compliance with Section C409.3 shall be determined in accordance withSections C409.3.1 through C409.3.4.

C409.3.1 Demonstration of ability to comply with Section C409.3 requirements. In advanceof plan approval by the code official, the design team shall demonstrate to the code official theability of the design to meet the EUIt established in Section C409.2.1 utilizing Section C409.3.1.1or C409.3.1.2.

C409.3.1.1 Modeled approach. The demonstration of the ability to comply with Section C409.3using a modeling approach shall be determined in accordance with Sections C409.3.1.1.1and C409.3.1.1.2.

C409.3.1.1.1 Energy model. The design team shall develop a whole building energy model consistent with the requirements ofthis section using software and parameters approved by the code official.

C409.3.1.1.2 Design submittal. The results of the model and cut sheets of equipment andcharacteristics contained within the compliant model developed in accordance with SectionC409.3.1.1 shall be provided to the code official for use in verification during inspections.


C409.3.1.2 Pre-approved specifications approach. The design team shall provide the codeofficial with design documents containing prescriptive requirements for all building systemsimpacting energy use that are published or certified by an entity acceptable to the code official tomeet the relevant EUIt requirements.

C409.3.2 Issuance of temporary certificate of occupancy. Where the code officialdetermines that a building and its site are in compliance with this code other than Section C409,the code official shall issue a Temporary Certificate of Occupancy as authorized in Section 111.3of the International Building Code. Where the code official has issued a post occupancyverification permit in accordance with Section C409.3.4, the code official shall issue a Certificateof Occupancy.

C409.3.3 Reporting of energy use. Within 24 months of issuance of the temporary certificateof occupancy, the building owner shall provide the code official with documentation, certified by aregistered design professional, of a continuous 12-month period where the building complies withSections C409.2 utilizing a form approved by the code official. The occupancy or use type for theoccupied period utilized in Section 409.2.2.3 shall be indicated in the documentation and includethe time periods and square footage of the building occupied by all building tenants.

C409.3.4 Post occupancy verification permit. Within 24 months of issuance of a postoccupancy verification permit, the building owner shall provide the code official withdocumentation in a form acceptable to the code official and certified by a registered designprofessional of a continuous 12-month period during which the building complied with SectionsC409.2. The documentation shall include occupancy or use type for the occupied period, thebeginning and ending dates of the 12-month period, and the total conditioned floor area of thebuilding. The post occupancy verification permit shall remain in effect until the code official hasreceived the documentation verifying compliance with Section C409.2.

Reason: This proposal establishes an alternative compliance path based on the actual, measured energyperformance of a project. It is designed to address multiple challenges identif ied in the application of current codeprovisions and reflect the grow ing desire for more performance focused criteria. These challenges impact multipleparticipants in the design and construction process including code departments, designers, building ow ners andenergy eff iciency advocates. To address these diverse needs, stakeholders representing these segments of theindustry have come together to develop this proposal. Some of the challenges addressed by this proposal:

Code departments have limited resources available to enforce building codes—particularly energy codes.Energy use is highly measurable yet current code pathw ays anticipate results from designs, not actualbuilding performance.Designers often do not have the f lexibility to use the latest technologies in achieving energy eff iciencyrequirements.Effectively capture all energy saving strategies including those not currently covered under the IECCincluding building orientation.Reducing energy use at the systems level is required—particularly as current components are reachingtheir cost or thermodynamic limits—but this approach has not been handled effectively in the IECC.Energy uses not covered w ithin the existing code framew ork (i.e., plug loads) are a grow ing percentage ofenergy use associated w ith buildings.

Across the U.S. and internationally, communities are increasingly interested in achieving energy use reductiontargets. How ever, as currently w ritten, energy codes do not provide an effective means of assuring achievement ofthese goals as the actual, measured energy use of a building w ithin a jurisdiction is highly variable dependent onmultiple factors both w ithin and outside of the code. Such factors include building orientation, plug loads, operationsand maintenance practices, quality of installation, and systems-level interactions. This proposal w ould establish amechanism for codes and code departments to help support achievement of community-level goals and the codedepartments that w ould deliver on such results.


Currently, building energy codes do not consider how buildings actually perform—they only prescribe criteria onhow they are to be designed and constructed. The provisions in virtually all energy codes and standards are basedon a number of prescribed criteria that must be satisf ied by specif ic products, materials and components of abuilding. For many reasons, some cited in the "challenges" above, prescriptive codes cannot be used to predictactual energy performance. Likew ise, energy simulations are not intended to predict actual performance, but ratherare intended to compare a proposed building to one assumed to just meet the provisions in the code. In effect, thiscreates a custom energy budget for each and every building based on a non-predictive prescriptive baseline.

Unfortunately, many of those criteria do not allow for application of new technologies such as innovative w indowmaterials or creative design approaches such as passive solar, building form and shape, and orientation. In order toestablish an actual EUI (EUIa) for a building, the code must provide a methodology for measuring and expressing theenergy use of a building and subsequently be able to compare it to the target reference EUI (EUIr) as part of thecompliance verif ication process.

The purpose of this section is to allow the design team, in conjunction w ith the ow ner/developer, the f lexibility toutilize the most cost-effective approach to achieve a common and uniform objective that applies equally, w ithoutexception, to all buildings of the same type and in the same climate zone—something not included in current energycodes and standards. The signif icance of actual validation of achieving that objective is through measurement ofactual building operation as it is intended to be occupied.

This proposal recognizes the fact that many jurisdictions do not have the personnel or f iscal resources toadequately ensure compliance w ith energy requirements. By focusing on the outcome, code off icials andcommunities can be assured that requirements are being met w hile not incurring additional enforcement burdens. Ifan ow ner and design team elect to pursue this path, they ultimately bear the burden of demonstrating complianceand achievement of the outcome.

Similarly, under traditional energy codes and standards, w hen the building is completed and is occupied there is now ay to know w hether the decisions for a specif ic design or material or orientation resulted in actual energy savings.This proposed outcome approach provides a real target, allow s design options and f lexibility and then provides realansw ers as to w hether w hat w as planned has been achieved.

The proposal offers the follow ing benefits:

Utilizes all potential opportunities to save energy w hile giving maximum flexibility to the design teamMoves beyond component-based requirements to capture systems- level, energy-saving opportunitiesAllow s for energy-eff iciency results that recognize the f iscal, technical and personnel limitations of today'scode departmentsLeads to actual energy results, in contrast to current energy code pathw ays that rely on inspections andaccurate construction to achieve theoretical energy performanceSupports quality installation; diligent design and construction; and effective operations and maintenance toachieve long-term energy performanceProvides a framew ork to help communities, code departments, building ow ners and design teams to realizeactual energy use resultsAccommodates actual conditions in existing buildings better than prescriptive or modeled-performanceapproaches by allow ing investment in strategies that most cost-effectively achieve performanceimprovements desired under the codeAllow for designs to incorporate operations and management or tenant behavior to achieve energyperformance result

The U.S. Department of Energy has acknow ledged the need for increased focus on building operations and life-cycle energy performance through the recent release of "A Common Definition for Zero Energy Buildings"(http://w w w .energy.gov/sites/prod/f iles/2015/09/f26/bto_common_definition_zero_energy_buildings_093015.pdf).According to DOE, a Zero Energy Building is, "An energy-eff icient An energy-eff icient building w here, on a sourcebasis, the actual delivered energy is less than or equal to the on-site renew able exported energy."

Technical discussion on the basis for development of the tables and associated targets is available in the section-by-section description document.

This proposal builds off a compliance path currently incorporated into the 2015 International Green ConstructionCode.

SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF OUTCOME-BASED COMPLIANCE PATHEdits in Existing Sections:


C202 POST OCCUPANCY VERIFICATION PERMIT. Adds definition for Post Occupancy Verif ication Permit tosupport compliance mechanisms established in C409.3.2..

C401.2 Establishes the outcome-based pathw ay as an acceptable method for compliance w ith the CommercialEnergy Eff iciency of the IECC including mandatory requirements of sections C402.5 (Air leakage-thermal envelope),C405.6 (Electrical energy consumption), and C408 (System Commissioning).

New Section C409 Establishing Outcome-Based Pathway RequirementsC409.1 Establishes the outcome-based pathw ay as an actual measurement of energy use once in full operation.

C409.2 Provides general methodology and requirements for compliance through the outcome-based provisions. Forbuildings w ith multiple occupancy types, the gross f loor area of each type is used to determine compliance. If anoccupancy type is not included in the table then this pathw ay cannot be used.

C409.2.1 Establishes that the building's actual source energy use (EUIa) be less than or equal to the targetsource energy use (EUIt) for the building based on building use and occupancy and climate zone as containedin Table C409.2(1). Table C409.2(1) values w ere calculated based on ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 105-2014national conversion factors (Table J2-A) and ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 100-2015 Appendix J supplementedby tables for the EUIs of the 25th percentile of the building stock based on the Energy InformationAdministration's 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) provided by the Departmentof Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory in December 2015. The Table C409.2(1) targets w ere derived fromthe 25th Percentile numbers w ith the targeted reduction factor of 72.8%. These EUIt values are a 5.5%improvement from ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013.

Exception: For those locations w here HDD65 is signif icantly dif ferent than the reference city for a climatezone (as identif ied in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013, Appendix D), a more in-depth methodology isprovided to support fairness and accuracy in appli-cation of the EUIt. The values to be applied in Equation 4-11are provided in Table C402.2(2).The Table values are a derivative (base and slope) of quadratic regressioncurve f it of EUIt across climate zones based on Standard 100 Appendix J reference city HDD65 for eachclimate zone. ASHRAE's Building Energy Quotient (bEQ) Labeling Pro-gram uses the same methodology for itsHDD adjustment factors.

C409.2.1.1 Provides methodology for calculating target for buildings w ith multiple occupancy types orchanges in occupied f loor area.

C409.2.2 Methodology for calculating the actual energy use (EUIa). The building's actual energy use inequation 4-12 is calculated based on non-renew able source energy used onsite on a square foot basis minusrenew able energy generated onsite. For consistent expression in source BTUs, imported electricity ismultiplied by 3.15, other imported fuels by 1.09 and onsite renew able generation by 3.15.

C409.2.2.1 Metering, utility billing shall be used to determine teh annual energy consumption.

C409.3 The follow ing sections indicate how to demonstrate compliance w ith this section.

C409.3.1 The design team must provide assurance to the code off icial that the proposed design has thecapability to meet the EUIt.

C409.3.1.1 Modeling may be used to demonstrate capability to meet the target w ith the follow ingrequirements:

C409.3.1.1.1 A w hole building energy model shall be developed using softw are and parametersapproved by the code off icial.

C409.3.1.1.2 Results from the model shall be provided to the code off icial including demonstrationthat the modeled EUIa is less than or equal to the EUIt and the specif ications of individualcomponents that the code off icial can use during inspection.

C409.3.1.2 A prescriptive package of building components previously approved by the code off icial or acertifying entity to meet the EUIt may be used to fulf ill this requirement.

C409.3.2 Upon the satisfaction of the code off icial that all other code requirements are met, a temporarycertif icate of occupancy is issued.

Exception: The jurisdiction may issue a Post Occupancy Verif ication Permit as identif ied in C409.3.4 and aCertif icate of Occupancy.


CE37-16 : C401.2-COLKER12149

C409.3.3 The building ow ner w ill provide the code off icial w ith suff icient doucmentation that they haveachieved the EUIt w ithin a 12 month period during the f irst 24 months of occupancy. The documentation w ill becertif ied by a registered design professional and reported to the code off icial in an acceptable format (w hichmay include forms from ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 105-2014).

C409.3.4 Where the code off icial chooses to issue a post occupancy verif ication permit in leiu of a temporarycertif icate of occupancy, the building ow ner must still provide the code off icial w ith suff icient doucmentationthat they have achieved the EUIt w ithin a 12 month period during the f irst 24 months of occupancy. Thedocumentation w ill be certif ied by a registered design professional and reported to the code off icial in anacceptable format (w hich may include forms from ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 105-2014).

Bibliography: Outcome-Based Pathw ays for Achieving Energy Performance Goals, Whole Building Design Guide.http://w bdg.org/resources/outcomebasedpathw ays.php"Evolving Energy Codes to Address Contemporary Challenges" Journal of the National Institute of Building Sciencesby Colker, R.M.; M. Frankel. http://digital.journalofthenationalinstituteofbuildingsciences.com/nibs/june_2015/?pg=33&pm=2&u1=friend

"Alternative Formats to Achieve More Eff icient Energy Codes for Commercial Buildings" by Conover, D.; M.Rosenberg, M. Halverson, Z. Taylor and E. Makela.http://w w w .thefreelibrary.com/Alternative+formats+to+achieve+more+eff icient+energy+codes+for...-a0331928022

Compliance Verif ication Paths for Residential and Commercial Energy Codes PNNL, September 2011.http://w w w .pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-20822.pdf

"Developing Effective Codes and Standards for Net-Zero Energy Buildings" by Colker, R.M., D. Hew itt and J.Henderson. Building Design + Construction White Paper on Zero and Near-Zero Energy Buildings + Homes, March2011. http://w w w .bdcnetw ork.com/sites/default/f iles/5.%20Developing%20Effective%20Codes%20and%20Standards%20for%20Net-Zero%20Energy%20Buildings.pdf

"Focus on the Outcome, Not Just the Design: Codes, Standards + Rating Systems" by Frankel, M. ECOHOMEMagazine, Winter 2013. http://w w w .ecobuildingpulse.com/codes-and-standards/codes--standards---rating-systems--mark-frankel.aspx?dfpzone=v2020

"Getting to Outcome-Based Building Performance Event Report" by Frankel, M., J. Edelson, and R. Colker. May 2015.http://new buildings.org/performance-outcomes-event-report

"Outcome-Based Codes: Answ ering the Preliminary Questions" by Colker, R.M. Strategic Planning for Energy and theEnvironment, Spring 2012. http://w w w .tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10485236.2012.10491662

Outcome-Based Energy Codes, New Buildings Institute. http://new buildings.org/outcome-based-energy-codes

"Rethinking Compliance Verif ication" by Colker, R.M.; D. Conover and T. Ryan. DesignIntelligence, September/October2012. http://w w w .di.net/articles/rethinking-compliance-verif ication/

"Common Definition for Zero Energy Buildings." U.S. Department of Energy, September 2015.http://w w w .energy.gov/sites/prod/f iles/2015/09/f26/bto_common_definition_zero_energy_buildings_093015.pdf

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe cost of compliance w ith this proposal varies by project. It is intended that this compliance path reduce the costof compliance by providing designers w ith the opportunity to f ind the most cost effective method for achieving theintended results under the IECC.


CE119-16IECC: C403, C403.1, C403.11 (New), C403.12 (New), C403.2, C403.2.1,C403.2.10, C403.2.10.1, C403.2.11, C403.2.12, C403.2.12.1, C403.2.12.2,C403.2.12.3, C403.2.13, C403.2.14, C403.2.15, C403.2.16, C403.2.17,C403.2.2, C403.2.3, C403.2.3.1, C403.2.3.2, C403.2.4, C403.2.4.1,C403.2.4.1.1, C403.2.4.1.2, C403.2.4.1.3, C403.2.4.2, C403.2.4.2.1,C403.2.4.2.2, C403.2.4.2.3, C403.2.4.3, C403.2.4.4, C403.2.4.5, C403.2.4.6,C403.2.4.7, C403.2.5, C403.2.6, C403.2.6.1, C403.2.6.2, C403.2.7, C403.2.8,C403.2.9, C403.2.9.1, C403.2.9.1.1, C403.2.9.1.2, C403.2.9.1.3, C403.3,C403.3 (New), C403.3.1, C403.3.2, C403.3.3, C403.3.3.1, C403.3.3.2,C403.3.3.3, C403.3.3.4, C403.3.3.5, C403.3.4, C403.3.4.1, C403.3.4.2, C403.4,C403.4 (New), C403.4.1, C403.4.1.1, C403.4.1.2, C403.4.1.3, C403.4.2,C403.4.2.1, C403.4.2.2, C403.4.2.3, C403.4.2.3.1, C403.4.2.3.2,C403.4.2.3.2.1, C403.4.2.3.2.2, C403.4.2.3.3, C403.4.2.4, C403.4.2.5,C403.4.2.6, C403.4.3, C403.4.3.1, C403.4.3.2, C403.4.3.2.1, C403.4.3.2.2,C403.4.3.3, C403.4.3.4, C403.4.4, C403.4.4.1, C403.4.4.2, C403.4.4.3,C403.4.4.4, C403.4.4.5, C403.4.4.6, C403.4.5, C403.4.6, C403.5, C403.5.1,C403.5.2, C403.7 (New), C403.8.1 (New).Proponent : David Collins, representing Sustainability, Energy, High Performance Code ActionCommittee

2015 International Energy Conservation CodeSECTION C403 BUILDING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

Revise as follows:

C403.1 General. Mechanical systems and equipment serving the building heating, cooling,ventilating or ventilating refrigeration needs shall comply with Section C403.2 and shall complywith Sections C403.3 and C403.4 based on the equipment and systems provided.

Walk-in coolers, walk-in freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolers and refrigerated warehousefreezers shall comply with this Section C403.2.15 or 403.2.16.

C403.2.11 C403.1.1 Mechanical systems commissioning and completion requirements. Nochange to text.

C403.2.1 C403.1.2 Calculation of heating and cooling loads. No change to text.

C403.2 Provisions applicable to all mechanical systems (Mandatory). Systemdesign Mechanical systems and equipment serving the building heating, cooling or ventilatingneeds shall be designed to comply with Sections C403.2.1 and C403.2.2. Where elements of abuilding's mechanical systems are addressed in Sections C403.3 through C403.2.16 C403.12,such elements shall comply with the applicable provisions of those sections.

C403.2.4.4 C403.2.1 Zone isolation. required.(Mandatory) HVAC systems serving zonesthat are over 25,000 square feet (2323 m2) in floor area or that span more than one floor and aredesigned to operate or be occupied nonsimultaneously shall be divided into isolation areas. Eachisolation area shall be equipped with isolation devices and controls configured to automaticallyshut off the supply of conditioned air and outdoor air to and exhaust air from the isolation area.


Each isolation area shall be controlled independently by a device meeting the requirements ofSection C403.2.4.2.2 C403.4.2.2.. Central systems and plants shall be provided with controls anddevices that will allow system and equipment operation for any length of time while serving onlythe smallest isolation area served by the system or plant.

Exceptions:1. Exhaust air and outdoor air connections to isolation areas where the fan

system to which they connect is not greater than 5,000 cfm (2360 L/s).2. Exhaust airflow from a single isolation area of less than 10 percent of the

design airflow of the exhaust system to which it connects.3. Isolation areas intended to operate continuously or intended to be inoperative

only when all other isolation areas in a zone are inoperative.

C403.2.6 C403.2.2 Ventilation. .(Mandatory) No change to text.


C403.3 Heating and cooling equipment efficiencies (Mandatory) Heating and coolingequipment installed in mechanical systems shall be sized in accordance with Section C403.3.1and shall be not less efficient in the use of energy than as specified in Section C403.3.2.

Revise as follows:

C403.2.2 C403.3.1 Equipment sizing. The output capacity of heating and cooling equipmentshall be not greater than the loads calculated in accordance with Section C403.2.1 C403.1.2. Asingle piece of equipment providing both heating and cooling shall satisfy this provision for onefunction with the capacity for the other function as small as possible, within available equipmentoptions.

Exceptions:1. Required standby equipment and systems provided with controls and devices

that allow such systems or equipment to operate automatically only when theprimary equipment is not operating.

2. Multiple units of the same equipment type with combined capacitiesexceeding the design load and provided with controls that have the capabilityto sequence the operation of each unit based on load.

C403.2.3 C403.3.2 HVAC equipment performance requirements. .(Mandatory) Equipmentshall meet the minimum efficiency requirements of Tables C403.2.3(1 C403.3,2(1), C403.2.3(2 C403.3.2(2), C403.2.3(3 C403.3.2(3), C403.2.3(4 C403.3.2(4), C403.2.3(5 C403.3.2(5),C403.2.3(6 C403.3.2(6), C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7), C403.2.3(8 C403.3.2(8) and C403.2.3(9 orC403.3.2(9) when tested and rated in accordance with the applicable test procedure. Plate-typeliquid-to-liquid heat exchangers shall meet the minimum requirements of Table C403.2.3(10 C403.3.2(10). The efficiency shall be verified through certification under an approvedcertificationprogram or, where a certification program does not exist, the equipment efficiency ratings shall besupported by data furnished by the manufacturer. Where multiple rating conditions orperformance requirements are provided, the equipment shall satisfy all stated requirements.Where components, such as indoor or outdoor coils, from different manufacturers are used,calculations and supporting data shall be furnished by the designer that demonstrates that thecombined efficiency of the specified components meets the requirements herein.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(1) (1) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS AND


CONDENSING UNITS

EQUIPMENT

TYPE

SIZE

CATEGORY

HEATING

SECTION

TYPE

SUBCATEGORY

OR

RATING

CONDITION

MINIMUM EFFICIENCY

TEST

PROCEDUREaBefore

1/1/2016

As of

1/1/2016

Air

conditioners, air

cooled

b All

Split Sy stem 13.0 SEER 13.0 SEER

AHRI 210/240

Single Package 13.0 SEER14.0

SEERc

Through-the-

wall (air cooled)

≤ 30,000

Btu/hbAll

Split sy stem 12.0 SEER 12.0 SEER

Single Package 12.0 SEER 12.0 SEER

Small-duct

high-v elocity

(air cooled)

b All Split Sy stem 11.0 SEER 11.0 SEER

Air

conditioners,

air cooled

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

11.2 EER

11.4 IEER

11.2 EER

12.8 IEER

AHRI

340/360

All otherSplit Sy stem and

Single Package

11.0 EER

11.2 IEER

11.0 EER

12.6 IEER

≥ 135,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

11.0 EER

11.2 IEER

11.0 EER

12.4 IEER


Single Package

10.8 EER

11.0 IEER

10.8 EER

12.2 IEER

≥ 240,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

10.0 EER

10.1 IEER

10.0 EER

11.6 IEER


Single Package

9.8 EER

9.9 IEER

9.8 EER

11.4 IEER


≥ 760,000

Btu/h

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

9.7 EER

9.8 IEER

9.7 EER

11.2 IEER


Single Package

9.5 EER

9.6 IEER

9.5 EER

11.0 IEER

Air

conditioners,

water cooled

b AllSplit Sy stem and

Single Package

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

AHRI

210/240

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

12.1 EER

13.9 IEER

AHRI

340/360


Single Package

11.9 EER

12.1 IEER

11.9 EER

13.7 IEER

≥ 135,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

12.5 EER

12.5 IEER

12.5 EER

13.9 IEER


Single Package

12.3 EER

12.5 IEER

12.3 EER

13.7 IEER

≥ 240,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

12.4 EER

12.6 IEER

12.4 EER

13.6 IEER


Single Package

12.2 EER

12.4 IEER

12.2 EER

13.4 IEER

≥ 760,000

Btu/h

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

12.2 EER

12.4 IEER

12.2 EER

13.5 IEER


Single Package

12.0 EER

12.2 IEER

12.0 EER

13.3 IEER

SUB- MINIMUM EFFICIENCYAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

EQUIPMENT

TYPE

SIZE

CATEGORY

HEATING

SECTION

TYPE

CATEGORY OR

RATING

CONDITION

TEST

PROCEDUREaBefore

1/1/2016

As of

1/1/2016

Air conditioners,

ev aporativ ely

cooled

b All

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

AHRI

210/240

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

12.1 EER

12.3 IEER

AHRI

340/360

All other

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.9 EER

12.1 IEER

11.9 EER

12.1 IEER

≥ 135,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

12.0 EER

12.2 IEER

12.0 EER

2.2 IEER

All other

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.8 EER

12.0 IEER

11.8 EER

12.0 IEER

≥ 240,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.9 EER

12.1 IEER

11.9 EER

2.1 IEER

All other

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.7 EER

11.9 IEER

11.7 EER

11.9 IEER

≥ 760,000

Btu/h

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.7 EER

11.9 IEER

11.7 EER

11.9 IEER

All other

Split Sy stem

and

Single Package

11.5 EER

11.7 IEER

11.5 EER

11.7 IEER


Condensing

units air cooled

≥ 135,000

Btu/h

10.5 EER

11.8 IEER

10.5 EER

11.8 IEER

AHRI

365

Condensing

units, water

cooled

≥ 135,000

Btu/h

13.5 EER

14.0 IEER

13.5 EER

14.0 IEER

Condensing

units,

ev aporativ ely

cooled

≥ 135,000

Btu/h

13.5 EER

14.0 IEER

13.5 EER

14.0 IEER

For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W.

a. Chapter 6 contains a complete specif ication of the ref erenced test procedure, including the ref erence y ear v ersion of the testprocedure.

b. Single-phase, air-cooled air conditioners less than 65,000 Btu/h are regulated by NAECA. SEER v alues are those set byNAECA.

c. Minimum ef f iciency as of January 1, 2015.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(2) (2) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT

PUMPS

EQUIPMENT

TYPE

SIZE

CATEGORY

HEATING

SECTION

TYPE

SUBCATEGORY

OR

RATING

CONDITION

MINIMUM

EFFICIENCY TEST

PROCEDUREaBefore

1/1/2016

As of

1/1/2016

Air cooled

(cooling mode)b All

Split Sy stem 13.0 SEERc14.0

SEERc

AHRI 210/240

Single Package 13.0 SEERc14.0

SEERc

Through-the-

wall, air cooled

≤ 30,000

Btu/hbAll

Split Sy stem 12.0 SEER 12.0 SEER

Single Package 12.0 SEER 12.0 SEER

Single-duct

high-v elocity

air cooled

b All Split Sy stem 11.0 SEER 11.0 SEER


Air cooled

(cooling mode)

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

11.0 EER

11.2 IEER

11.0 EER

12.0 IEER

AHRI

340/360


Single Package

10.8 EER

11.0 IEER

10.8 EER

11.8 IEER

≥ 135,000

Btu/h and

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

10.6 EER

10.7 IEER

10.6 EER

11.6 IEER


Single Package

10.4 EER

10.5 IEER

10.4 EER

11.4 IEER

≥ 240,000

Btu/h

Electric

Resistance

(or None)

Split Sy stem and

Single Package

9.5 EER

9.6 IEER

9.5 EER

10.6 IEER


Single Package

9.3 EER

9.4 IEER

9.3 EER

9.4 IEER

Water to Air:

Water Loop

(cooling mode)

All86°F entering

water12.2 EER 12.2 EER

ISO 13256-1≥ 17,000 Btu/h

andAll

86°F entering


≥ 65,000 Btu/h

andAll

86°F entering


Water to Air:

Ground Water

(cooling mode)

All59°F entering

water18.0 EER 18.0 EER ISO 13256-1

Brine to Air:

Ground Loop

(cooling mode)

All77°F entering

water14.1 EER 14.1 EER ISO 13256-1

Water toAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Water:

WaterLoop

(cooling mode)

All86°F entering


ISO 13256-2

Water to

Water: Ground

Water (cooling

mode)

All59°F entering


Brine to Water:

Ground Loop

(cooling mode)

All 77°F entering f luid 12.1 EER 12.1 EER

EQUIPMENT

TYPE

SIZE

CATEGORY

HEATING

SECTION

TYPE

SUBCATEGORY

OR

RATING

CONDITION

MINIMUM

EFFICIENCY TEST

PROCEDUREaBefore

1/1/2016

As of

1/1/2016

Air cooled

(heating mode)b

— Split Sy stem 7.7 HSPFc 8.2 HSPFc

AHRI 210/240

— Single Package 7.7 HSPFc 8.0 HSPFc

Through-the-

wall,

(air cooled,

heating mode)

≤ 30,000

Btu/hb

(cooling

capacity )

— Split Sy stem 7.4 HSPF 7.4 HSPF

— Single Package 7.4 HSPF 7.4 HSPF

Small-duct high

v elocity (air

cooled, heating

mode)

b — Split Sy stem 6.8 HSPF 6.8 HSPF

Air cooled

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

and

(cooling

capacity )

—47ºF db/43ºF wb

outdoor air3.3 COP 3.3 COP

AHRI 340/360

17ºF db/15ºF wb



(heating mode)

≥ 135,000

Btu/h (cooling

capacity )

—47ºF db/43ºF wb


17ºF db/15ºF wb


Water to Air:

Water Loop

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )—

68°F entering

water4.3 COP 4.3 COP

ISO 13256-1

Water to Air:

Ground Water

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )—

50°F entering


Brine to Air:

Ground Loop

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )— 32°F entering f luid 3.2 COP 3.2 COP

Water to Water:

Water Loop

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )—

68°F entering


ISO 13256-2

Water to Water:

Ground Water

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )—

50°F entering


Brine to Water:

Ground Loop

(heating mode)

(cooling

capacity )— 32°F entering f luid 2.5 COP

2.5

COP

For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, °C = [(°F) - 32]/1.8.

a. Chapter 6 contains a complete specif ication of the ref erenced test procedure, including the ref erence y ear v ersion of the testprocedure.

b. Single-phase, air-cooled air conditioners less than 65,000 Btu/h are regulated by NAECA. SEER v alues are those set byNAECA.

c. Minimum ef f iciency as of January 1, 2015.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(3) (3) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: ELECTRICALLY OPERATED PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR

CONDITIONERS, PACKAGED TERMINAL HEAT PUMPS, SINGLE-PACKAGE VERTICAL AIRCONDITIONERS. SINGLE VERTICAL HEAT PUMPS, ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS AND ROOM AIR-

CONDITIONER HEAT PUMPSAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

EQUIPMENT TYPESIZE CATEGORY

(INPUT)

SUBCATEGORY OR

RATING CONDITIONMINIMUM EFFICIENCY

TEST

PROCEDUREa

PTAC (cooling mode)

new constructionAll Capacities 95°F db outdoor air

14.0 – (0.300 ×

Cap/1000) EERc

AHRI 310/380

PTAC (cooling mode)

replacementsbAll Capacities 95°F db outdoor air

10.9 - (0.213 ×

Cap/1000) EER

PTHP (cooling mode)

new constructionAll Capacities 95°F db outdoor air

14.0 - (0.300 ×

Cap/1000) EER

PTHP (cooling mode)

replacementsbAll Capacities 95°F db outdoor air

10.8 - (0.213 ×

Cap/1000) EER

PTHP (heating mode)

new constructionAll Capacities —

3.2 - (0.026 × Cap/1000)

COP

PTHP (heating mode)

replacementsbAll Capacities —

2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1000)

COP

SPVAC (cooling

mode)

95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor

air9.0 EER

AHRI 390

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor

air8.9 EER


air8.6 EER

SPVHP (cooling

mode)


air9.0 EER


air8.9 EER


air8.6 EER


SPVHP (heating

mode)


air3.0 COP

AHRI 390≥ 65,000 Btu/h and47°F db/ 43°F wb outdoor

air3.0 COP


air2.9 COP

Room air

conditioners, with

louv ered sides

— 9.7 SEER

ANSI/ AHAM RAC-

1

≥ 6,000 Btu/h and — 9.7 EER

≥ 8,000 Btu/h and — 9.8 EER

≥ 14,000 Btu/h and — 9.7 SEER

≥ 20,000 Btu/h — 8.5 EER

Room air

conditioners, without

louv ered sides

— 9.0 EER

≥ 8,000 Btu/h and — 8.5 EER

≥ 20,000 Btu/h — 8.5 EER

Room air-conditioner

heat pumps with

louv ered sides

— 9.0 EER

≥ 20,000 Btu/h — 8.5 EER

Room air-conditioner

heat pumps without

louv ered sides

— 8.5 EER

≥ 14,000 Btu/h — 8.0 EER

EQUIPMENT TYPESIZE CATEGORY

(INPUT)

SUBCATEGORY OR

RATING CONDITION

MINIMUM

EFFICIENCY

TEST

PROCEDUREa

Room air conditioner

casement onlyAll capacities — 8.7 EER

ANSI/ AHAM RAC-

1Room air conditioner


casement-slider All capacities — 9.5 EER

For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W, °C = [(°F) - 32]/1.8, wb = wet bulb, db = wet bulb.

"Cap" = The rated cooling capacity of the project in Btu/h. Where the unit's capacity is less than 7000 Btu/h, use 7000 Btu/h in thecalculation. Where the unit's capacity is greater than 15,000 Btu/h, use 15,000 Btu/h in the calculations.

a. Chapter 6 contains a complete specif ication of the ref erenced test procedure, including the ref erenced y ear v ersion of the testprocedure.

b. Replacement unit shall be f actory labeled as f ollows: "MANUFACTURED FOR REPLACEMENT APPLICATIONS ONLY: NOTTO BE INSTALLED IN NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." Replacement ef f iciencies apply only to units with existing sleev es lessthan 16 inches (406 mm) in height and less than 42 inches (1067 mm) in width.

c. Bef ore January 1, 2015 the minimum ef f iciency shall be 13.8 - (0.300 x Cap/1000) EER.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(4) (4) WARM-AIR FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM-AIR FURNACES/AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS, WARM-

AIR DUCT FURNACES AND UNIT HEATERS, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY

(INPUT)

SUBCATEGORY OR

RATING CONDITION

MINIMUM

EFFICIENCYd, e TEST PROCEDUREa

Warm-air f urnaces,

gas f ired

—78% AFUE or

80%Etc

DOE 10 CFR Part 430

or

ANSI Z21.47

≥ 225,000 Btu/h Maximum capacityc

80%Etf ANSI Z21.47

Warm-air f urnaces, oil

f ired

—78% AFUE or

80%Etc

DOE 10 CFR Part 430

or

UL 727

≥ 225,000 Btu/h Maximum capacityb

81%Etg

UL 727

Warm-air duct

f urnaces, gas f ired All capacities Maximum capacity

b 80%Ec ANSI Z83.8

Warm-air unit heaters,

gas f ired All capacities Maximum capacity

b 80%Ec ANSI Z83.8

Warm-air unit heaters,

oil f ired All capacities Maximum capacity

b 80%Ec UL 731



b. Minimum and maximum ratings as prov ided f or and allowed by the unit's controls.AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

c. Combination units not cov ered by the National Appliance Energy Conserv ation Act of 1987 (NAECA) (3-phase power or coolingcapacity greater than or equal to 65,000 Btu/h [19 kW]) shall comply with either rating.

d. Et = Thermal ef f iciency . See test procedure f or detailed discussion.

e. Ec = Combustion ef f iciency (100% less f lue losses). See test procedure f or detailed discussion.

f . Ec = Combustion ef f iciency . Units shall also include an IID, hav e jackets not exceeding 0.75 percent of the input rating, andhav e either power v enting or a f lue damper. A v ent damper is an acceptable alternativ e to a f lue damper f or those f urnaces wherecombustion air is drawn f rom the conditioned space.

g. Et = Thermal ef f iciency . Units shall also include an IID, hav e jacket losses not exceeding 0.75 percent of the input rating, andhav e either power v enting or a f lue damper. A v ent damper is an acceptable alternativ e to a f lue damper f or those f urnaces wherecombustion air is drawn f rom the conditioned space.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(5) (5) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: GAS- AND OIL-FIRED BOILERS

EQUIPMENT

TYPEa

SUBCATEGORY OR

RATING CONDITION

SIZE CATEGORY

(INPUT)

MINIMUM

EFFICIENCYd, eTEST PROCEDURE

Boilers, hot water

Gas-f ired

80% AFUE 10 CFR Part 430

≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤

2,500,000 Btu/hb80% Et

10 CFR Part 431

> 2,500,000 Btu/ha 82% Ec

Oil-f iredc


≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤

2,500,000 Btu/hb82% Et

10 CFR Part 431

> 2,500,000 Btu/ha 84% Ec

Boilers, steam

Gas-f ired 75% AFUE 10 CFR Part 430

Gas-f ired- all, except

natural draf t

≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤

2,500,000 Btu/hb79% Et

10 CFR Part 431

> 2,500,000 Btu/ha 79% Et

Gas-f ired-natural draf t

≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤

2,500,000 Btu/hb77% Et


> 2,500,000 Btu/ha 77% Et

Oil-f iredc


≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤

2,500,000 Btu/hb81% Et

10 CFR Part 431

> 2,500,000 Btu/ha 81% Et


a. These requirements apply to boilers with rated input of 8,000,000 Btu/h or less that are not packaged boilers and to all packagedboilers. Minimum ef f iciency requirements f or boilers cov er all capacities of packaged boilers.

b. Maximum capacity – minimum and maximum ratings as prov ided f or and allowed by the unit's controls.

c. Includes oil-f ired (residual).

d. Ec = Combustion ef f iciency (100 percent less f lue losses).

e. Et = Thermal ef f iciency . See ref erenced standard f or detailed inf ormation.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(6) (6) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: CONDENSING UNITS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED

EQUIPMENT TYPE SIZE CATEGORY MINIMUM EFFICIENCYb TEST PROCEDUREa

Condensing units, air cooled ≥ 135,000 Btu/h 10.1 EER 11.2 IPLV

AHRI 365 Condensing units, water or ev aporativ ely

cooled ≥ 135,000 Btu/h 13.1 EER 13.1 IPLV



b. IPLVs are only applicable to equipment with capacity modulation.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(7) (7) WATER CHILLING PACKAGES – EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTSa, b, d

EQUIPMENT

TYPE

SIZE

CATEGORYUNITS

BEFORE 1/1/2015 AS OF 1/1/2015 TEST

PROCEDUREcPath A Path B Path A Path B

Air-cooled

< 150 Tons

EER

≥ 9.562 FL

NAc

≥ 10.100

FL

≥ 9.700

FL

≥ 12.500

IPLV

≥ 13.700

IPLV

≥ 15,800

IPLVAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

chillers (Btu/W)

AHRI 550/590

≥ 150 Tons

≥ 9.562 FL

NAc

≥ 10.100

FL

≥ 9.700

FL

≥ 12.500

IPLV

≥ 14.000

IPLV

≥ 16.100

IPLV

Air cooled

without

condenser,

electrically

operated

All capacitiesEER

(Btu/W)

Air-cooled chillers without condenser shall be rated with

matching condensers and comply ing with air-cooled

chiller ef f iciency requirements.

Water cooled,

electrically

operated

positiv e

displacement

kW/ton

≤ 0.780 FL≤ 0.800

FL≤ 0.750 FL

≤ 0.780

FL

≤ 0.630

IPLV

≤ 0.600

IPLV

≤ 0.600

IPLV

≤ 0.500

IPLV

≥75 tons and

≤ 0.775 FL≤ 0.790

FL≤ 0.720 FL

≤ 0.750

FL

≤ 0.615

IPLV

≤ 0.586

IPLV

≤ 0.560

IPLV

≤ 0.490

IPLV

≥ 150 tons and

≤ 0.680 FL≤ 0.718

FL≤ 0.660 FL

≤ 0.680

FL

≤ 0.580

IPLV

≤ 0.540

IPLV

≤ 0.540

IPLV

≤ 0.440

IPLV

≥ 300 tons and

≤ 0.620 FL≤ 0.639

FL≤ 0.610 FL

≤ 0.625

FL

≤ 0.540

IPLV

≤ 0.490

IPLV

≤ 0.520

IPLV

≤ 0.410

IPLV

≥ 600 tons

≤ 0.620 FL≤ 0.639

FL≤ 0.560 FL

≤ 0.585

FL


≤ 0.540

IPLV

≤ 0.490

IPLV

≤ 0.500

IPLV

≤ 0.380

IPLV

Water cooled,

electrically

operated

centrif ugal

< 150 Tons

kW/ton

≤ 0.634 FL≤ 0.639

FL≤ 0.610 FL

≤ 0.695

FL

≤ 0.596

IPLV

≤ 0.450

IPLV

≤ 0.550

IPLV

≤ 0.440

IPLV

≥ 150 tons and

≤ 0.634 FL≤ 0.639

FL≤ 0.610 FL

≤ 0.635

FL

≤ 0.596

IPLV

≤ 0.450

IPLV

≤ 0.550

IPLV

≤ 0.400

IPLV

≥ 300 tons and

≤ 0.576 FL≤ 0.600

FL≤ 0.560 FL

≤ 0.595

FL

≤ 0.549

IPLV

≤ 0.400

IPLV

≤ 0.520

IPLV

≤ 0.390

IPLV

≥ 400 tons and

≤ 0.576 FL≤ 0.600

FL≤ 0.560 FL

≤ 0.585

FL

≤ 0.549

IPLV

≤ 0.400

IPLV

≤ 0.500

IPLV

≤ 0.380

IPLV

≥ 600 Tons

≤ 0.570 FL≤ 0.590

FL≤ 0.560 FL

≤ 0.585

FL

≤ 0.539

IPLV

≤ 0.400

IPLV

≤ 0.500

IPLV

≤ 0.380

IPLV

Air cooled,

absorption,

single ef f ect

All capacities COP ≥ 0.600 FL NAc ≥ 0.600 FL NAc

Water cooled

absorption,

single ef f ect

All capacities COP ≥ 0.700 FL NAc ≥ 0.700 FL NAc


AHRI 560Absorption,

double ef f ect,

indirect f ired

All capacities COP

≥ 1.000 FL

NAc

≥ 1.000 FL

NAc≥ 1.050

IPLV

≥ 1.050

IPLV

Absorption

double ef f ect

direct f ired

All capacities COP

≥ 1.000 FL

NAc

≥ 1.000 FL

NAc≥ 1.000

IPLV

≥ 1.050

IPLV

a. The requirements f or centrif ugal chiller shall be adjusted f or nonstandard rating conditions in accordance with SectionC403.2.3.1 C403.3.2.1 and are only applicable f or the range of conditions listed in Section C403.2.3.1 C403.3.2.1. The requirementsf or air-cooled, water-cooled positiv e displacement and absorption chillers are at standard rating conditions def ined in the ref erencetest procedure.

b. Both the f ull-load and IPLV requirements shall be met or exceeded to comply with this standard. Where there is a Path B,compliance can be with either Path A or Path B f or any application.

c. NA means the requirements are not applicable f or Path B and only Path A can be used f or compliance.

d. FL represents the f ull-load perf ormance requirements and IPLV the part-load perf ormance requirements.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(8) (8) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: HEAT REJECTION EQUIPMENT

EQUIPMENT TYPEa

TOTAL SYSTEM

HEAT REJECTION

CAPACITY AT

RATED

CONDITIONS

SUBCATEGORY OR RATING

CONDITIONi

PERFORMANCE

REQUIREDb, c, d,

g, h

TEST

PROCEDUREe, f

Propeller or axial f an

open-circuit cooling

towers

All95°F entering water 85°F

leav ing water 75°F entering wb≥ 40.2 gpm/hp

CTI ATC-105 and

CTI STD-201

Centrif ugal f an

open-circuit cooling

towers



CTI ATC-105 and

CTI STD-201


closed-circuit

cooling towers



CTI ATC-105S and

CTI STD-201

Centrif ugal f an

closed- circuit All102°F entering water 90°F


CTI ATC-105S and

CTI STD-201AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

cooling towers


ev aporativ e

condensers

All

Ammonia Test Fluid 140°F

entering gas temperature

96.3°F condensing temperature

75°F entering wb

≥ 134,000 Btu/h·hp CTI ATC-106

Centrif ugal f an

ev aporativ e

condensers

All

Ammonia Test Fluid 140°F

entering gas temperature

96.3°F condensing temperature

75°F entering wb



ev aporativ e

condensers

All

R-507A Test Fluid 165°F

entering gas temperature 105°F

condensing temperature 75°F

entering wb


Centrif ugal f an

ev aporativ e

condensers

All

R-507A Test Fluid 165°F

entering gas temperature 105°F

condensing temperature 75°F

entering wb


Air-cooled

condensersAll

125°F Condensing Temperature

190°F Entering Gas

Temperature 15°F subcooling

95°F entering db

≥ 176,000 Btu/h·hp AHRI 460

For SI: °C = [(°F)-32]/1.8, L/s · kW = (gpm/hp)/(11.83), COP = (Btu/h · hp)/(2550.7),

db = dry bulb temperature, °F, wb = wet bulb temperature, °F.

a. The ef f iciencies and test procedures f or both open- and closed-circuit cooling towers are not applicable to hy brid cooling towersthat contain a combination of wet and dry heat exchange sections.

b. For purposes of this table, open circuit cooling tower perf ormance is def ined as the water f low rating of the tower at the thermalrating condition listed in Table 403.2.3(8) div ided by the f an nameplate-rated motor power.

c. For purposes of this table, closed-circuit cooling tower perf ormance is def ined as the water f low rating of the tower at thethermal rating condition listed in Table 403.2.3(8) div ided by the sum of the f an nameplate-rated motor power and the spray pumpnameplate-rated motor power.

d. For purposes of this table, air-cooled condenser perf ormance is def ined as the heat rejected f rom the ref rigerant div ided by thef an nameplate-rated motor power.

e. Chapter 6 contains a complete specif ication of the ref erenced test procedure, including the ref erenced y ear v ersion of the testprocedure. The certif ication requirements do not apply to f ield-erected cooling towers.

f . Where a certif ication program exists f or a cov ered product and it includes prov isions f or v erif ication and challenge ofequipment ef f iciency ratings, then the product shall be listed in the certif ication program; or, where a certif ication program exists f ora cov ered product, and it includes prov isions f or v erif ication and challenge of equipment ef f iciency ratings, but the product is notlisted in the existing certif ication program, the ratings shall be v erif ied by an independent laboratory test report.

g. Cooling towers shall comply with the minimum ef f iciency listed in the table f or that specif ic ty pe of tower with the capacityAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

ef f ect of any project-specif ic accessories and/or options included in the capacity of the cooling tower

h. For purposes of this table, ev aporativ e condenser perf ormance is def ined as the heat rejected at the specif ied rating conditionin the table div ided by the sum of the f an motor nameplate power and the integral spray pump nameplate power

i. Requirements f or ev aporativ e condensers are listed with ammonia (R-717) and R-507A as test f luids in the table. Ev aporativ econdensers intended f or use with halocarbon ref rigerants other than R-507A shall meet the minimum ef f iciency requirements listedin this table with R-507A as the test f luid.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(9) (9) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY AIR CONDITIONERS AND CONDENSING UNITS SERVING COMPUTER ROOMS

EQUIPMENT TYPENET SENSIBLE COOLING

CAPACITYa

MINIMUM SCOP-127b

EFFICIENCY DOWNFLOW

UNITS / UPFLOW UNITS

TEST PROCEDURE

Air conditioners, air cooled

< 65,000 Btu/h 2.20 / 2.09

ANSI/ASHRAE 127

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and 2.10 / 1.99

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 1.90 / 1.79

Air conditioners, water

cooled

< 65,000 Btu/h 2.60 / 2.49

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and 2.50 / 2.39

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 2.40 /2.29

Air conditioners, water

cooled with f luid economizer

< 65,000 Btu/h 2.55 /2.44

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and 2.45 / 2.34

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 2.35 / 2.24

Air conditioners, gly col

cooled (rated at 40%

propy lene gly col)

< 65,000 Btu/h 2.50 / 2.39

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and 2.15 / 2.04

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 2.10 / 1.99

Air conditioners, gly col

cooled (rated at 40%

propy lene gly col) with f luid

economizer

< 65,000 Btu/h 2.45 / 2.34

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and 2.10 / 1.99

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 2.05 / 1.94



a. Net sensible cooling capacity : the total gross cooling capacity less the latent cooling less the energy to the air mov ementsy stem. (Total Gross – latent – Fan Power).

b. Sensible coef f icient of perf ormance (SCOP-127): a ratio calculated by div iding the net sensible cooling capacity in watts by thetotal power input in watts (excluding reheaters and humidif iers) at conditions def ined in ASHRAE Standard 127. The net sensiblecooling capacity is the gross sensible capacity minus the energy dissipated into the cooled space by the f an sy stem.

TABLE C403.2.3 C403.3.2(10) (10) HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT

EQUIPMENT TYPE SUBCATEGORY MINIMUM EFFICIENCY TEST PROCEDUREa

Liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers Plate ty pe NR AHRI 400

NR = No Requirement.


C403.2.3.1 C403.3.2.1 Water-cooled centrifugal chilling packages. .(Mandatory) Equipment not designed for operation at AHRI Standard 550/590 test conditions of 44°F (7°C)leaving chilled-water temperature and 2.4 gpm/ton evaporator fluid flow and 85°F (29°C) enteringcondenser water temperature with 3 gpm/ton (0.054 I/s • kW) condenser water flow shall havemaximum full-load kW/ton (FL) and part-load ratings requirements adjusted using Equations 4-6and 4-7.FLadj = FL/Kadj (Equation 4-6)PLVadj = IPLV/K adj (Equation 4-7)

where:Kadj = A × B

FL = Full-load kW/ton v alue as specif ied in Table C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7).

FLadj = Maximum f ull-load kW/ton rating, adjusted f or nonstandard conditions.

IPLV = Value as specif ied in Table C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7).

PLVadj = Maximum NPLV rating, adjusted f or nonstandard conditions.

A = 0.00000014592 · ( LIFT ) 4 – 0.0000346496 · ( LIFT ) 3 + 0.00314196 · ( LIFT ) 2 – 0.147199 · ( LIFT ) + 3.9302

B = 0.0015 · LvgEvap + 0.934

LIFT = LvgCond – LvgEvap

LvgCond = Full-load condenser leav ing f luid temperature (°F).

Lvg E vap = Full-load ev aporator leav ing temperature (°F).

The FLadj and PLVadj values are only applicable for centrifugal chillers meeting all of thefollowing full-load design ranges:

1. Minimum evaporator leaving temperature: 36°F.2. Maximum condenser leaving temperature: 115°F.3. Tweenty°F ≤ LIFT≤ 80°F.

C403.2.3.2 C403.3.2.2. Positive displacement (air- and water-cooled) chilling packages. .(Mandatory Equipment with a leaving fluid temperature higher than 32°F (0°C) and water-cooledpositive displacement chilling packages with a condenser leaving fluid temperature below 115°FAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

(46°C) shall meet the requirements of Table C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7) when tested or certified withwater at standard rating conditions, in accordance with the referenced test procedure.

C403.4.6 C403.3.3 Hot gas bypass limitation. Cooling systems shall not use hot gas bypass orother evaporator pressure control systems unless the system is designed with multiple steps ofunloading or continuous capacity modulation. The capacity of the hot gas bypass shall be limitedas indicated in Table C403.4.6 C403.3.3, as limited by Section C403.3.1 C403.5.1..

TABLE C403.4.6 C403.3.3MAXIMUM HOT GAS BYPASS CAPACITY

RATED CAPACITY MAXIMUM HOT GAS BYPASS CAPACITY (% of total capacity)

≤ 240,000 Btu/h 50

> 240,000 Btu/h 25


C403.4.2.5 C403.3.4 Boiler turndown. Boiler systems with design input of greater than1,000,000 Btu/h (293 kW) shall comply with the turndown ratio specified in Table C403.4.2.5 C403.3.4.

The system turndown requirement shall be met through the use of multiple single input boilers,one or more modulating boilers or a combination of single input and modulating boilers.

TABLE C403.4.2.5 C403.3.4BOILER TURNDOWN

BOILER SYSTEM DESIGN INPUT (Btu/h) MINIMUM TURNDOWN RATIO

≥ 1,000,000 and less than or equal to 5,000,000 3 to 1

> 5,000,000 and less than or equal to 10,000,000 4 to 1

> 10,000,000 5 to 1


Delete without substitution:

C403.2.4 HVAC system controls. Each heating and cooling system shall be provided withthermostatic controls as specified in Section C403.2.4.1, C403.2.4.1.3, C403.2.4.2, C403.2.4.3,C403.3.1, C403.4, C403.4.1 or C403.4.4.


C403.4 Heating and cooling system controls (Mandatory) Each heating and cooling systemshall be provided with controls in accordance with Sections C403.4.1 through C403.4.5.

Revise as follows:


C403.2.4.1 C403.4.1 Thermostatic controls. .(Mandatory) The supply of heating and coolingenergy to each zone shall be controlled by individual thermostatic controls capable of respondingto temperature within the zone. Where humidification or dehumidification or both is provided, atleast one humidity control device shall be provided for each humidity control system.

Exception:Independent perimeter systems that are designed to offset only buildingenvelope heat losses, gains or both serving one or more perimeter zones also served byan interior system provided:

1. The perimeter system includes at least one thermostatic control zone for eachbuilding exposure having exterior walls facing only one orientation (within +/-45degrees) (0.8 rad) for more than 50 contiguous feet (15 240 mm); and

2. The perimeter system heating and cooling supply is controlled by thermostatslocated within the zonesserved by the system.

C403.2.4.1.1 C403.4.1.1 Heat pump supplementary heat. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.4.1.2 C403.4.1.2 Deadband. .(Mandatory) Where used to control both heating andcooling, zone thermostatic controls shall be capable of providing a temperature range ordeadband of at least 5°F (2.8°C) within which the supply of heating and cooling energy to thezone is capable of being shut off or reduced to a minimum.

Exceptions:1. Thermostats requiring manual changeover between heating and cooling

modes.2. Occupancies or applications requiring precision in indoor temperature control

as approved by the code official.

C403.2.4.1.3 C403.4.1.3 Set point overlap restriction. .(Mandatory) Where a zone has aseparate heating and a separate cooling thermostatic control located within the zone, a limitswitch, mechanical stop or direct digital control system with software programming shall beprovided with the capability to prevent the heating set point from exceeding the cooling set pointand to maintain a deadband in accordance with Section C403.2.4.1.2 C403.4.1.2.

C403.2.5 C403.4.1.4 Hot water boiler outdoor temperature setback control. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.4.2 C403.4.2 Off-hour controls. .(Mandatory) Each zone shall be provided withthermostatic setback controls that are controlled by either an automatic time clock orprogrammable control system.

Exceptions:1. Zones that will be operated continuously.2. . Zones with a full HVAC load demand not exceeding 6,800 Btu/h (2 kW) and

having a readily accessible manual shutoff switch.

C403.2.4.2.1 C403.4.2.1 Thermostatic setback capabilities. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.4.2.2 C403.4.2.2 Automatic setback and shutdown capabilities. .(Mandatory) Nochange to text.

C403.2.4.2.3 C403.4.2.3 Automatic start capabilities. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.4.2 C403.4.3 Hydronic systems controls. The heating of fluids that have been previouslyAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

mechanically cooled and the cooling of fluids that have been previously mechanically heated shallbe limited in accordance with Sections C403.4.2.1 C403.4.3.1 through C403.4.2.3 C403.4.3.3.Hydronic heating systems comprised of multiple-packaged boilers and designed to deliverconditioned water or steam into a common distribution system shall include automatic controlscapable of sequencing operation of the boilers. Hydronic heating systems comprised of a singleboiler and greater than 500,000 Btu/h (146.5 kW) input design capacity shall include either amultistaged or modulating burner.

C403.4.2.1 C403.4.3.1 Three-pipe system. No change to text.

C403.4.2.2 C403.4.3.2 Two-pipe changeover system. No change to text.

C403.4.2.3 C403.4.3.3 Hydronic (water loop) heat pump systems. Hydronic heat pumpsystems shall comply with Sections C403.4.2.3.1 through C403.4.2.3.2 C403.4.3.3.1 andC403.4.3.3.2..

C403.4.2.3.1 C403.4.3.3.1 Temperature dead band. Hydronic heat pumps connected to acommon heat pump water loop with central devices for heat rejection and heat addition shall havecontrols that are capable of providing a heat pump water supply temperature dead band of notless than 20°F (11°C) between initiation of heat rejection and heat addition by the central devices.

Exception: Where a system loop temperature optimization controller is installed and candetermine the most efficient operating temperature based on realtime conditions ofdemand and capacity, dead bands of less than 20°F (11°C) shall be permitted.

C403.4.2.3.2 C403.4.3.3.2 Heat rejection. Heat rejection equipment shall comply with SectionsC403.4.2.3.2.1 C403.4.3.3.2.1 and C403.4.2.3.2.2 C403.4.3.3.2.2.

Exception: Where it can be demonstrated that a heat pump system will be required toreject heat throughout the year.

C403.4.2.3.2.1 C403.4.3.3.2.1 Climate zones 3 and 4. For Climate Zones 3 and 4:

1. Where a closed-circuit cooling tower is used directly in the heat pump loop, either anautomatic valve shall be installed to bypass all but a minimal flow of water around thetower, or lower leakage positive closure dampers shall be provided.

2. Where an open-circuit tower is used directly in the heat pump loop, an automaticvalve shall be installed to bypass all heat pump water flow around the tower.

3. Where an open- or closed-circuit cooling tower is used in conjunction with a separateheat exchanger to isolate the cooling tower from the heat pump loop, then heat lossshall be controlled by shutting down the circulation pump on the cooling tower loop.

C403.4.2.3.2.2 C403.4.3.3.2.2 Climate zones 5 through 8. No change to text.

C403.4.2.3.3 C403.4.3.3.3 Two-position valve. No change to text.

C403.4.2.4 C403.4.4 Part-load controls. Hydronic systems greater than or equal to 500,000Btu/h (146.5 kW) in design output capacity supplying heated or chilled water to comfortconditioning systems shall include controls that have the capability to do all of the following:

1. Automatically reset the supply-water temperatures in response to varying buildingheating and cooling demand using coil valve position, zone-return water temperature,building-return water temperature or outside air temperature. The temperature shall be


capable of being reset by not less than 25 percent of the design supply-to-returnwater temperature difference.

2. Automatically vary fluid flow for hydronic systems with a combined motor capacity of10 hp (7.5 kW) or larger with three or more control valves or other devices by reducingthe system design flow rate by not less than 50 percent by designed valves thatmodulate or step open and close, or pumps that modulate or turn on and off as afunction of load.

3. Automatically vary pump flow on chilled-water systems and heat rejection loopsserving water-cooled unitary air conditioners with a combined motor capacity of 10 hp(7.5 kW) or larger by reducing pump design flow by not less than 50 percent, utilizingadjustable speed drives on pumps, or multiple-staged pumps where not less thanone-half of the total pump horsepower is capable of being automatically turned off.Pump flow shall be controlled to maintain one control valve nearly wide open or tosatisfy the minimum differential pressure.

Exceptions:1. Supply-water temperature reset for chilled-water systems supplied

by off-site district chilled water or chilled water from ice storagesystems.

2. Minimum flow rates other than 50 percent as required by theequipment manufacturer for proper operation of equipment whereusing flow bypass or end-of-line 3-way valves.

3. Variable pump flow on dedicated equipment circulation pumpswhere configured in primary/secondary design to provide theminimum flow requirements of the equipment manufacturer forproper operation of equipment.

C403.4.2.6 C403.4.5 Pump isolation. Chilled water plants including more than one chiller shallhave the capability to reduce flow automatically through the chiller plant when a chiller is shutdown. Chillers piped in series for the purpose of increased temperature differential shall beconsidered as one chiller.

Boiler plants including more than one boiler shall have the capability to reduce flowautomatically through the boiler plant when a boiler is shut down.

C403.3 C403.5 Economizers (Prescriptive). Each cooling system shall include either an air orwater economizer complying with Sections C403.3.1 C403.5.1 through C403.3.4 C403.5.5.

Exceptions: Economizers are not required for the systems listed below.

1. In cooling systems for buildings located in Climate Zones 1A and 1B.2. In climate zones other than 1A and 1B, where individual fan cooling units have a capacity

of less than 54,000 Btu/h (15.8 kW) and meet one of the following:1. Have direct expansion cooling coils.2. The total chilled water system capacity less the capacity of fan units with air

economizers is less than the minimum specified in Table C403.3(1).The total supply capacity of all fan-cooling units not provided with economizers

shall not exceed 20 percent of the total supply capacity of all fan-cooling units inthe building or 300,000 Btu/h (88 kW), whichever is greater.

3. Where more than 25 percent of the air designed to be supplied by the system is to spacesthat are designed to be humidified above 35°F (1.7°C) dew-point temperature to satisfyprocess needs.

4. Systems that serve residential spaces where the system capacity is less than five timesAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

the requirement listed in Table C403.3(1).5. Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week.6. Where the use of outdoor air for cooling will affect supermarket open refrigerated casework

systems.7. Where the cooling efficiency meets or exceeds the efficiency requirements in Table

C403.3(2).8. Chilled-water cooling systems that are passive (without a fan) or use induction where the

total chilled water system capacity less the capacity of fan units with air economizers isless than the minimum specified in Table C403.3(1).

9. Systems that include a heat recovery system in accordance with Section C403.4.5.

TABLE C403.3 C403.5(1) (1) MINIMUM CHILLED-WATER SYSTEM COOLING CAPACITY FOR DETERMINING ECONOMIZER COOLING

REQUIREMENTS

CLIMATE ZONES

(COOLING)

TOTAL CHILLED-WATER SYSTEM CAPACITY LESS CAPACITY OF COOLING UNITS WITH AIR

ECONOMIZERS

Local Water-cooled Chilled-water SystemsAir-cooled Chilled-water Systems or District

Chilled-Water Systems

1a No economizer requirement No economizer requirement

1b, 2a, 2b 960,000 Btu/h 1,250,000 Btu/h

3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b,

4c720,000 Btu/h 940,000 Btu/h

5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b,

7, 81,320,000 Btu/h 1,720,000 Btu/h

For SI:1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W.

TABLE C403.3 C403.5(2) (2) EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE EXCEPTION FOR ECONOMIZERS

CLIMATE

ZONES

COOLING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE

IMPROVEMENT (EER OR IPLV)

2B 10% ef f iciency improv ement




C403.3.1 C403.5.1 Integrated economizer control. Economizer systems shall be integratedwith the mechanical cooling system and be capable of providing partial cooling even whereadditional mechanical cooling is required to provide the remainder of the cooling load. Controlsshall not be capable of creating a false load in the mechanical cooling systems by limiting ordisabling the economizer or any other means, such as hot gas bypass, except at the loweststage of mechanical cooling.

Units that include an air economizer shall comply with the following:

1. Unit controls shall have the mechanical cooling capacity control interlocked withthe air economizer controls such that the outdoor air damper is at the 100-percentopen position when mechanical cooling is on and the outdoor air damper does notbegin to close to prevent coil freezing due to minimum compressor run time until theleaving air temperature is less than 45°F (7°C).

2. Direct expansion (DX) units that control 75,000 Btu/h (22 kW) or greater of ratedcapacity of the capacity of the mechanical cooling directly based on occupied spacetemperature shall have not fewer than two stages of mechanical cooling capacity

3. Other DX units, including those that control space temperature by modulating theairflow to the space, shall be in accordance with Table C403.3.1 C403.5.1.

TABLE C403.3.1 C403.5.1DX COOLING STAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR MODULATING AIRFLOW UNITS

RATING CAPACITY

MINIMUM NUMBER

OF MECHANICAL COOLING

STAGES

MINIMUM

COMPRESSOR DISPLACEMENTa

≥ 65,000 Btu/h and

< 240,000 Btu/h3 stages ≤ 35% of f ull load

≥ 240,000 Btu/h 4 stages ≤ 25% f ull load


a. For mechanicalcooling stage control that does not use v ariable compressor displacement, the percent displacement shall beequiv alent to the mechanical cooling capacity reduction ev aluated at the f ull load rating conditions f or the compressor.

C403.3.2 C403.5.2 Economizer heating system impact. HVAC system design and economizercontrols shall be such that economizer operation does not increase building heating energy useduring normal operation.


Exception: Economizers on variable air volume (VAV) systems that cause zone levelheating to increase due to a reduction in supply air temperature.

C403.3.3 C403.5.3 Air economizers. Air economizers shall comply with Sections C403.3.3.1 C403.5.3.1 through C403.3.3.5 C403.5.3.5.

C403.3.3.1 C403.5.3.1 Design capacity. No change to text.

C403.3.3.2 C403.5.3.2 Control signal. Economizer dampers shall be capable of beingsequenced with the mechanical cooling equipment and shall not be controlled by only mixed-airtemperature.

Exception:The use of mixed-air temperature limit control shall be permitted for systemscontrolled from space temperature (such as single-zone systems).

C403.3.3.3 C403.5.3.3 High-limit shutoff. Air economizers shall be capable of automaticallyreducing outdoor airintake to the design minimum outdoor airquantity when outdoor air intake willno longer reduce cooling energy usage. High-limit shutoff control types for specific climates shallbe chosen from Table C403.3.3.3 C403.5.3.3.. High-limit shutoff control settings for these controltypes shall be those specified in Table C403.3.3.3 C403.5.3.3.

TABLE C403.3.3.3 C403.5.3.3HIGH-LIMIT SHUTOFF CONTROL SETTING FOR AIR ECONOMIZERSb

DEVICE TYPE CLIMATE ZONE

REQUIRED HIGH LIMIT (ECONOMIZER OFF WHEN):

Equation Description

Fixed dry bulb

1B, 2B, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C,

5B, 5C, 6B, 7, 8TOA > 75°F

Outdoor air temperature exceeds

75°F

5A, 6A TOA > 70°FOutdoor air temperature exceeds

70°F

1A, 2A, 3A, 4A TOA > 65°FOutdoor air temperature exceeds

65°F

Dif f erential dry bulb1B, 2B, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C,

5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B, 7, 8TOA > TRA


return air temperature

Fixed enthalpy with f ixed

dry -bulb temperaturesAll

hOA > 28 Btu/lba or

TOA > 75°F

Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds

28 Btu/lb of dry aira or


75°F

Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Dif f erential enthalpy with

f ixed dry -bulb temperatureAll

hOA > hRA or

TOA > 75°F

return air enthalpy or


75°F

For SI: 1 f oot = 305 mm, °C = (°F - 32)/1.8, 1 Btu/lb = 2.33 kJ/kg.

a. At altitudes substantially dif f erent than sea lev el, the f ixed enthalpy limit shall be set to the enthalpy v alue at 75°F and 50-percent relativ e humidity . As an example, at approximately 6,000 f eet elev ation, the f ixed enthalpy limit is approximately 30.7Btu/lb.

b. Dev ices with selectable setpoints shall be capable of being set to within 2°F and 2 Btu/lb of the setpoint listed.

C403.3.3.4 C403.5.3.4 Relief of excess outdoor air. No change to text.

C403.3.3.5 C403.5.3.5 Economizer dampers. Return, exhaust/relief and outdoor air dampersused in economizers shall comply with Section C403.2.4.3 C403.7.5.

C403.3.4 C403.5.4 Water-side economizers. Water-side economizers shall comply withSections C403.3.4.1 C403.5.4.1 and C403.3.4.2 C403.5.4.2.

C403.3.4.1 C403.5.4.1 Design capacity. Water economizer systems shall be capable ofcooling supply air by indirect evaporation and providing up to 100 percent of the expected systemcooling load at outdoor air temperatures of not greater than 50°F (10°C) dry bulb/45°F (7°C) wetbulb.

Exceptions:1. Systems primarily serving computer rooms in which 100 percent of the

expected system cooling load at 40°F (4°C) dry bulb/35°F (1.7°C) wet bulb ismet with evaporative water economizers.

2. Systems primarily serving computer rooms with dry cooler water economizerswhich satisfy 100 percent of the expected system cooling load at 35°F (1.7°C)dry bulb.

3. Systems where dehumidification requirements cannot be met using outdoor airtemperatures of 50°F (10°C) dry bulb/45°F (7°C) wet bulb and where 100percent of the expected system cooling load at 45°F (7°C) dry bulb/40°F (4°C)wet bulb is met with evaporative water economizers.

C403.3.4.2 C403.5.4.2 Maximum pressure drop. No change to text.

C403.2.4.7 C403.5.5 Economizer fault detection and diagnostics (FDD). .(Mandatory) Air-cooled unitary direct-expansion units listed in Tables C403.2.3(1 C403.3.2(1) through C403.2.3(3 C403.3.2(3) and variable refrigerant flow (VRF) units that are equipped with an economizer inaccordance with Section C403.3 C403.5 through C403.5.4 shall include a fault detection anddiagnostics (FDD) system complying with the following:

1. The following temperature sensors shall be permanently installed to monitor systemoperation:

1.1. Outside air.1.2. Supply air.1.3. Return air.

2. Temperature sensors shall have an accuracy of ±2°F (1.1°C) over the range of 40°F to80°F (4°C to 26.7°C).

3. Refrigerant pressure sensors, where used, shall have an accuracy of ±3 percent of fullscale.


4. The unit controller shall be capable of providing system status by indicating thefollowing:

4.1. Free cooling available.4.2. Economizer enabled.4.3. Compressor enabled.4.4. Heating enabled.4.5. Mixed air low limit cycle active.4.6. The current value of each sensor.

5. The unit controller shall be capable of manually initiating each operating mode so thatthe operation of compressors, economizers, fans and the heating system can beindependently tested and verified.

6. The unit shall be capable of reporting faults to a fault management applicationaccessible by day-to-day operating or service personnel, or annunciated locally onzone thermostats.

7. The FDD system shall be capable of detecting the following faults:7.1. Air temperature sensor failure/fault.7.2. Not economizing when the unit should be economizing.7.3. Economizing when the unit should not be economizing.7.4. Damper not modulating.7.5. Excess outdoor air.


C403.4 Hydronic and multiple-zone HVAC systems controls and equipment.(Prescriptive). Hydronic and multiple- zone HVAC system controls and equipment shall complywith this section.

Revise as follows:

C403.4.4 C403.6 Requirements for complex mechanical systems serving Variable airvolume (VA) and multiple zones. zone systems Sections C403.4.4.1 through C403.4.6.4 shallapply to complex mechanical systems serving multiple zones.Supply air systems serving multiple zones shall be variable air volume (VAV) systems that,during periods of occupancy, are designed and capable of being controlled to reduce primary airsupply to each zone to one of the following before reheating, recooling or mixing takes place:

1. Thirty percent of the maximum supply air to each zone.2. Three hundred cfm (142 L/s) or less where the maximum flow rate is less than 10

percent of the total fan system supply airflow rate.3. The minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical

Code.4. Any higher rate that can be demonstrated to reduce overall system annual energy

use by offsetting reheat/recool energy losses through a reduction in outdoor air intakefor the system, as approved by the code official.

5. The airflow rate required to comply with applicable codes or accreditation standards,such as pressure relationships or minimum air change rates.

Exception:The following individual zones or entire air distribution systems areexempted from the requirement for VAV control:

1. Zones or supply air systems where not less than 75 percent of theenergy for reheating or for providing warm air in mixing systems isprovided from a site-recovered or site-solar energy source.


2. Zones where special humidity levels are required to satisfyprocess needs.

3. Zones with a peak supply air quantity of 300 cfm (142 L/s) or lessand where the flow rate is less than 10 percent of the total fansystem supply airflow rate.

4. Zones where the volume of air to be reheated, recooled or mixed isnot greater than the volume of outside air required to provide theminimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the InternationalMechanical Code.

5. Zonesor supply air systems with thermostatic and humidistaticcontrols capable of operating in sequence the supply of heatingand cooling energy to thezones and which are capable ofpreventing reheating, recooling, mixing or simultaneous supply ofair that has been previously cooled, either mechanically or throughthe use of economizer systems, and air that has been previouslymechanically heated.

C403.4.4.1 C403.6.1 Single-duct VAV systems, terminal devices. No change to text.

C403.4.4.2 C403.6.2 Dual-duct and mixing VAV systems, terminal devices. No change totext.

C403.4.4.3 C403.6.3 Single-fan dual-duct and mixing VAV systems, economizers. Nochange to text.

C403.4.4.5 C403.6.4 Supply-air temperature reset controls. Multiple-zoneHVAC systemsshall include controls that automatically reset the supply-air temperature in response torepresentative building loads, or to outdoor air temperature. The controls shall be capable ofresetting the supply air temperature not less than 25 percent of the difference between the designsupply-air temperature and the design room air temperature.

Exceptions:1. Systems that prevent reheating, recooling or mixing of heated and cooled

supply air.2. Seventy-five percent of the energy for reheating is from site-recovered or site-

solar energy sources.3. Zones with peak supply air quantities of 300 cfm (142 L/s) or less.

C403.4.4.6 C403.6.5 Multiple-zone VAV system ventilation optimization control. Multiple-zone VAV systems with direct digital control of individual zone boxes reporting to a centralcontrol panel shall have automatic controls configured to reduce outdoor air intake flow belowdesign rates in response to changes in systemventilationefficiency (Ev) as defined by theInternational Mechanical Code.

Exceptions:1. VAV systems with zonal transfer fans that recirculate air from other zones

without directly mixing it with outdoor air, dual-duct dual-fan VAV systems,and VAV systems with fan-powered terminal units.

2. Systems having exhaust air energy recovery complying with Section C403.2.7 C403.7.3..

3. Systems where total design exhaust airflow is more than 70 percent of totaldesign outdoor air intake flow requirements.


C403.4.1.3 C403.6.6 Set points for direct digital control. For systems with direct digitalcontrol of individual zones reporting to the central control panel, the static pressure set point shallbe reset based on the zone requiring the most pressure. In such case, the set point is resetlower until one zone damper is nearly wide open. The direct digital controls shall be capable ofmonitoring zone damper positions or shall have an alternative method of indicating the need forstatic pressure that is capable of all of the following:

1. Automatically detecting any zone that excessively drives the reset logic.2. Generating an alarm to the system operational location.3. Allowing an operator to readily remove one or more zones from the reset algorithm.

C403.4.1.2 C403.6.7 Static pressure sensor location. No change to text.


C403.7 Ventilation and exhaust systems In addition to other requirements of Section C403applicable to the provision of ventilation air or the exhaust of air, ventilation and exhaust systsmshall be in accordance with Section C403.7.1 through C403.7.5.

Revise as follows:

C403.2.6.1 C403.7.1 Demand controlled ventilation. .(Mandatory) Demand control ventilation(DCV) shall be provided for spaces larger than 500 square feet (46.5 m2) and with an averageoccupant load of 25 people per 1,000 square feet (93 m2) of floor area (as established in Table403.3.1.1 of the International Mechanical Code) and served by systems with one or more of thefollowing:

1. An air-side economizer.2. Automatic modulating control of the outdoor air damper.3. A design outdoor airflow greater than 3,000 cfm (1416 L/s).

Exception:Demand control ventilation is not required for systems and spacesas follows:

1. Systems with energy recovery complying with Section C403.2.7 C403.7.3.

2. Multiple-zone systems without direct digital control of individualzones communicating with a central control panel.

3. Systems with a design outdoor airflow less than 1,200 cfm (566L/s).

4. Spaces where the supply airflow rate minus any makeup oroutgoing transfer air requirement is less than 1,200 cfm (566 L/s).

5. Ventilation provided for process loads only.

C403.2.6.2 C403.7.2 Enclosed parking garage ventilation controls. .(Mandatory) Enclosedparking garages used for storing or handling automobiles operating under their own power shallemploy contamination-sensing devices and automatic controls configured to stage fans ormodulate fan average airflow rates to 50 percent or less of design capacity, or intermittentlyoperate fans less than 20 percent of the occupied time or as required to maintain acceptablecontaminant levels in accordance with InternationalMechanical Code provisions. Failure ofcontamination sensing devices shall cause the exhaust fans to operate continuously at designairflow.

Exceptions:AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

1. Garages with a total exhaust capacity less than 22,500 cfm (10 620 L/s) withventilation systems that do not utilize heating or mechanical cooling.

2. Garages that have a garage area to ventilation system motor nameplate powerratio that exceeds 1125 cfm/hp (710 L/s/kW) and do not utilize heating ormechanical cooling.

C403.2.7 C403.7.3 Energy recovery ventilation systems. .(Mandatory) Where the supplyairflow rate of a fan system exceeds the values specified in Tables C403.2.7(1 C403.7.3(1) andC403.2.7(2 C403.7.3(2), the system shall include an energy recovery system. The energyrecovery system shall have the capability to provide a change in the enthalpy of the outdoor airsupply of not less than 50 percent of the difference between the outdoor air and return airenthalpies, at design conditions. Where an air economizer is required, the energy recoverysystem shall include a bypass or controls which permit operation of the economizer as requiredby Section C403.3 C403.5.

Exception:An energy recovery ventilation system shall not be required in any of thefollowing conditions:

1. Where energy recovery systems are prohibited by the International MechanicalCode.

2. Laboratory fume hood systems that include at least one of the followingfeatures:

2.1. Variable-air-volume hood exhaust and room supply systemscapable of reducing exhaust and makeup air volume to 50 percentor less of design values.

2.2. Direct makeup (auxiliary) air supply equal to at least 75 percent ofthe exhaust rate, heated not warmer than 2°F (1.1°C) above roomsetpoint, cooled to not cooler than 3°F (1.7°C) below roomsetpoint, no humidification added, and no simultaneous heatingand cooling used for dehumidification control.

3. Systems serving spaces that are heated to less than 60°F (15.5°C) and arenot cooled.

4. Where more than 60 percent of the outdoor heating energy is provided fromsite-recovered or site solar energy.

5. Heating energy recovery in Climate Zones 1 and 2.6. Cooling energy recovery in Climate Zones 3C, 4C, 5B, 5C, 6B, 7 and 8.7. Systems requiring dehumidification that employ energy recovery in series with

the cooling coil.8. Where the largest source of air exhausted at a single location at the building

exterior is less than 75 percent of the design outdoor air flow rate.9. Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week at the outdoor air

percentage covered by Table C403.2.7(1 C403.7.3(1).10. Systems exhausting toxic, flammable, paint or corrosive fumes or dust.11. Commercial kitchen hoods used for collecting and removing grease vapors and

smoke.

TABLE C403.2.7 C403.7.3(1) (1) ENERGY RECOVERY REQUIREMENT (Ventilation systems operating less than 8,000 hours per year)

CLIMATE

PERCENT (%) OUTDOOR AIR AT FULL DESIGN AIRFLOW RATE

≥ 30% ≥ 40% ≥ 50% ≥ 60% ≥ 70%AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

ZONE≥10% and ≥ 20% and

and and 50% and 60% and 70% and 80%≥ 80%

DESIGN SUPPLY FAN AIRFLOW RATE (cfm)

3B, 3C, 4B,

4C, 5BNR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR

1B, 2B, 5C NR NR NR NR ≥ 26,000 ≥ 12,000 ≥ 5,000 ≥ 4,000

6B ≥ 28,000 ≥ 26,5000 ≥ 11,000 ≥ 5,500 ≥ 4,500 ≥ 3,500 ≥ 2,500 ≥ 1,500

1A, 2A, 3A,

4A, 5A, 6A≥ 26,000 ≥ 16,000 ≥ 5,500 ≥ 4,500 ≥ 3,500 ≥ 2,000 ≥ 1,000 > 0

7, 8 ≥ 4,500 ≥ 4,000 ≥ 2,500 ≥ 1,000 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0

For SI: 1 cf m = 0.4719 L/s.

NR = Not Required.

TABLE C403.2.7 C403.7.3(2) (2) ENERGY RECOVERY REQUIREMENT (Ventilation systems operating not less than 8,000 hours per

year)

CLIMATE

ZONE

PERCENT (%) OUTDOOR AIR AT FULL DESIGN AIRFLOW RATE

≥ 10% and ≥ 20% and≥ 30%

and

≥ 40%

and

≥ 50%

and

≥ 60%

and

≥ 70%

and ≥ 80%

Design Supply Fan Airflow Rate (cfm)

3C NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR

1B, 2B, 3B,

4C, 5CNR ≥ 19,500 ≥ 9,000 ≥ 5,000 ≥ 4,000 ≥ 3,000 ≥ 1,500 > 0

1A, 2A, 3A,

4B, 5B≥ 2,500 ≥ 2,000 ≥ 1,000 ≥ 500 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0

4A, 5A, 6A,

6B, 7, 8> 0 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0 > 0

For SI: 1 cf m = 0.4719 L/s.

NR = Not required AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

C403.2.8 C403.7.4 Kitchen exhaust systems. .(Mandatory) Replacement air introduceddirectly into the exhaust hood cavity shall not be greater than 10 percent of the hood exhaustairflow rate. Conditioned supply air delivered to any space shall not exceed the greater of thefollowing:

1. The ventilation rate required to meet the space heating or cooling load.2. The hood exhaust flow minus the available transfer air from adjacent space where

available transfer air is considered that portion of outdoor ventilation air not required tosatisfy other exhaust needs, such as restrooms, and not required to maintainpressurization of adjacent spaces.

Where total kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate is greater than 5,000 cfm (2360 L/s), each hoodshall be a factory-built commercial exhaust hood listed by a nationally recognized testinglaboratory in compliance with UL 710. Each hood shall have a maximum exhaust rate asspecified in Table C403.2.8 C403.7.4 and shall comply with one of the following:

2.1. Not less than 50 percent of all replacement air shall be transfer air that wouldotherwise be exhausted.

2.2. Demand ventilation systems on not less than 75 percent of the exhaust air that arecapable of not less than a 50-percent reduction in exhaust and replacement airsystem airflow rates, including controls necessary to modulate airflow in response toappliance operation and to maintain full capture and containment of smoke, effluentand combustion products during cooking and idle.

2.3. Listed energy recovery devices with a sensible heat recovery effectiveness of notless than 40 percent on not less than 50 percent of the total exhaust airflow.

Where a single hood, or hood section, is installed over appliances with different duty ratings,the maximum allowable flow rate for the hood or hood section shall be based on the requirementsfor the highest appliance duty rating under the hood or hood section.

Exception: Where not less than 75 percent of all the replacement air is transfer air thatwould otherwise be exhausted

TABLE C403.2.8 C403.7.4MAXIMUM NET EXHAUST FLOW RATE, CFM PER LINEAR FOOT OF HOOD LENGTH

TYPE OF HOODLIGHT-DUTY

EQUIPMENT

MEDIUM-DUTY

EQUIPMENT

HEAVY-DUTY

EQUIPMENT

EXTRA-HEAVY-DUTY

EQUIPMENT

Wall-mounted canopy 140 210 280 385

Single island 280 350 420 490

Double island (per side) 175 210 280 385

Ey ebrow 175 175 NA NA

Backshelf /Pass-ov er 210 210 280 NAAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

For SI: 1 cf m = 0.4719 L/s; 1 f oot = 305 mm.

NA = Not Allowed.

C403.2.4.3 C403.7.5 Shutoff dampers. .(Mandatory) Outdoor air intake and exhaust openingsand stairway and shaft vents shall be provided with Class I motorized dampers. The dampersshall have an air leakage rate not greater than 4 cfm/ft2 (20.3 L/s • m2) of damper surface area at1.0 inch water gauge (249 Pa) and shall be labeled by an approved agency when tested inaccordance with AMCA 500D for such purpose.

Outdoor air intake and exhaust dampers shall be installed with automatic controls configured toclose when the systems or spaces served are not in use or during unoccupied period warm-upand setback operation, unless the systems served require outdoor or exhaust air in accordancewith the International Mechanical Code or the dampers are opened to provide intentionaleconomizer cooling.

Stairway and shaft vent dampers shall be installed with automatic controls configured to openupon the activation of any fire alarm initiating device of the building's fire alarm system or theinterruption of power to the damper.

Exception: Gravity (nonmotorized) dampers shall be permitted to be used as follows:1. In buildings less than three stories in height above grade plane.2. In buildings of any height located in Climate Zones 1, 2 or 3.3. Where the design exhaust capacity is not greater than 300 cfm (142 L/s).

Gravity (nonmotorized) dampers shall have an air leakage rate not greater than 20 cfm/ft2

(101.6 L/s • m2) where not less than 24 inches (610 mm) in either dimension and 40 cfm/ft2

(203.2 L/s • m2) where less than 24 inches (610 mm) in either dimension. The rate of air leakageshall be determined at 1.0 inch water gauge (249 Pa) when tested in accordance with AMCA500D for such purpose. The dampers shall be labeled by an approved agency.

C403.2.12 C403.8 Air system design Fans and control. fan controls.(Mandatory) EachFans in HVAC system having a total fan system motor nameplate horsepower (hp) exceeding 5hp (3.7 kW) systems shall comply with the provisions of Sections C403.2.12.1 throughC403.2.12.3 this section.


C403.8.1 Fans exceeding 5 hp. Each HVAC system having a total fan system motornameplate horsepower (hp) exceeding 5 hp (3.7 kW) shall comply with the provisions of SectionsC403.8.1.1 through C403.8.1.3.

Revise as follows:

C403.2.12.1 C403.8.1.1 Allowable fan motor horsepower. .(Mandatory) Each HVAC systemat fan system design conditions shall not exceed the allowable fan system motor nameplate hp(Option 1) or fan system bhp (Option 2) as shown in Table C403.2.12.1(1 C403.8.1.1(1). Thisincludes supply fans, exhaust fans, return/relief fans, and fan-powered terminal units associatedwith systems providing heating or cooling capability. Single-zone variable air volume systemsshall comply with the constant volume fan power limitation.

Exceptions:1. Hospital, vivarium and laboratory systems that utilize flow control devices on

exhaust or return to maintain space pressure relationships necessary forAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

occupant health and safety or environmental control shall be permitted to usevariable volume fan power limitation.

2. Individual exhaust fans with motor nameplate horsepower of 1 hp (0.746 kW) orless are exempt from the allowable fan horsepower requirement.

TABLE C403.2.12.1 C403.8.1.1(1) (1) FAN POWER LIMITATION

LIMIT CONSTANT VOLUME VARIABLE VOLUME

Option 1: Fan sy stem motor

nameplate hp

Allowable nameplate motor

hphp ≤ CFMS • 0.0011 hp ≤ CFMS • 0.0015

Option 2: Fan sy stem bhp Allowable f an sy stem bhp bhp ≤ CFMS · 0.00094 + A bhp ≤ CFMS • 0.0013 + A

For SI: 1 bhp = 735.5 W, 1 hp = 745.5 W, 1 cf m = 0.4719 L/s.

where:

CFM S

CFM S

CFM S

=

=

The maximum design supply airf low rate to conditioned spaces serv ed by the sy stem in cubic f eet per minute.

The maximum design supply airf low rate to conditioned spaces serv ed by the sy stem in cubic f eet per minute.

hp

hp

=

=

The maximum combined motor nameplate horsepower.

The maximum combined motor nameplate horsepower.

Bhp

Bhp

=

=

The maximum combined f an brake horsepower.

The maximum combined f an brake horsepower.

A

A=

=

Sum of [ PD × CFM D / 4131]AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Sum of [ PD × CFM D / 4131]

where:

PD

PD

PD=

=

Each applicable pressure drop adjustment f rom Table C403.2.12.1(2) in. w.c.

Each applicable pressure drop adjustment f rom Table C403.2.12.1(2) in. w.c.

CFM D

CFM D

=

=

The design airf low through each applicable dev ice f rom Table C403.2.12.1(2) in cubic f eet per minute.

The design airf low through each applicable dev ice f rom Table C403.2.12.1(2) in cubic f eet per minute.

TABLE C403.2.12.1 C403.8.1.1(2) (2) FAN POWER LIMITATION PRESSURE DROP ADJUSTMENT

DEVICE ADJUSTMENT

Credits

Fully ducted return and/or exhaust air sy stems 0.5 inch w.c. (2.15 in w.c. f or laboratory and v iv arium sy stems)

Return and/or exhaust airf low control dev ices 0.5 inch w.c.

Exhaust f ilters, scrubbers or other exhaust treatmentThe pressure drop of dev ice calculated at f an sy stem design

condition

Particulate f iltration credit: MERV 9 thru 12 0.5 inch w.c.

Particulate f iltration credit: MERV 13 thru 15 0.9 inch. w.c.

Particulate f iltration credit: MERV 16 and greater and

electronically enhanced f ilters

Pressure drop calculated at 2x clean f ilter pressure drop at

f an sy stem design condition.

Carbon and other gas-phase air cleaners Clean f ilter pressure drop at f an sy stem design condition.

Biosaf ety cabinet Pressure drop of dev ice at f an sy stem design condition.


Energy recov ery dev ice, other than coil runaround loop(2.2 × energy recov ery ef f ectiv eness) – 0.5 inch w.c. f or each

airstream.

Coil runaround loop 0.6 inch w.c. f or each airstream.

Ev aporativ e humidif ier/cooler in series with another

cooling coilPressure drop of dev ice at f an sy stem design conditions.

Sound attenuation section (f ans serv ing spaces with

design background noise goals below NC35)0.15 inch w.c.

Exhaust sy stem serv ing f ume hoods 0.35 inch w.c.

Laboratory and v iv arium exhaust sy stems in high-rise

buildings0.25 inch w.c./100 f eet of v ertical duct exceeding 75 f eet.

Deductions

Sy stems without central cooling dev ice - 0.6 in. w.c.

Sy stems without central heating dev ice - 0.3 in. w.c.

Sy stems with central electric resistance heat - 0.2 in. w.c.

For SI: 1 inch w.c. = 249 Pa, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

w.c. = water column, NC = Noise criterion.

C403.2.12.2 C403.8.1.2 Motor nameplate horsepower. .(Mandatory) For each fan, the fanbrake horsepower shall be indicated on the construction documents and the selected motor shallbe not larger than the first available motor size greater than the following:

1. For fans less than 6 bhp (4413 W), 1.5 times the fan brake horsepower.2. For fans 6 bhp (4413 W) and larger, 1.3 times the fan brake horsepower.3. Systems complying with Section C403.2.12.1 C403.8.1.1 fan system motor

nameplate hp (Option 1).

C403.2.12.3 C403.8.1.3 Fan efficiency. .(Mandatory) Fans shall have a fan efficiency grade(FEG) of not less than 67 when determined in accordance with AMCA 205 by an approved,independent testing laboratory and labeled by the manufacturer. The total efficiency of the fan atthe design point of operation shall be within 15 percentage points of the maximum total efficiencyof the fan.

Exception: The following fans are not required to have a fan efficiency grade:1. Fans of 5 hp (3.7 kW) or less as follows:

1.1. Single fan with a motor nameplate horsepower of 5 hp (3.7 kW) orAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

less, unless Exception 1.2 applies.1.2. Multiple fans in series or parallel that have a combined motor

nameplate horsepower of 5 hp (3.7 kW) or less and are operatedas the functional equivalent of a single fan.

1.3. Fans that are part of equipment covered under Section C403.2.3. C403.3.2

1.4. Fans included in an equipment package certified by an approvedagency for air or energy performance.

1.5. Powered wall/roof ventilators.1.6. Fans outside the scope of AMCA 205.1.7. Fans that are intended to operate only during emergency

conditions.

C403.4.4.4 C403.8.2 Fractional hp fan motors. Motors for fans that are not less than 1/ 12 hp(0.082 kW) and less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) shall be electronically commutated motors or shallhave a minimum motor efficiency of 70 percent, rated in accordance with DOE 10 CFR 431.These motors shall also have the means to adjust motor speed for either balancing or remotecontrol. The use of belt-driven fans to sheave adjustments for airflow balancing instead of avarying motor speed shall be permitted.

Exceptions:The following motors are not required to comply with this section:1. Motors in the airstream within fan coils and terminal units that only provide

heating to the space served.2. Motors in space-conditioning equipment that comply with Section 403.2.3

C403.3.2 or C403.2.12. Sections C403.8.1.1 through C403.8.1.33. Motors that comply with Section C405.8.

C403.4.1 C403.8.3 Fan control. Controls shall be provided for fans in accordance with SectionsC403.4.1.1 through C403.4.1.3 Section C403.8.3.1 and as required for specific systems providedin Section C403..

C403.4.1.1 C403.8.3.1 Fan airflow control. Each cooling system listed in Table C403.4.1.1 C403.8.3.1 shall be designed to vary the indoor fan airflow as a function of load and shall complywith the following requirements:

1. Direct expansion (DX) and chilled water cooling units that control the capacity of themechanical cooling directly based on space temperature shall have not fewer thantwo stages of fan control. Low or minimum speed shall not be greater than 66 percentof full speed. At low or minimum speed, the fan system shall draw not more than 40percent of the fan power at full fan speed. Low or minimum speed shall be usedduring periods of low cooling load and ventilation-only operation.

2. Other units including DX cooling units and chilled water units that control the spacetemperature by modulating the airflow to the space shall have modulating fan control.Minimum speed shall be not greater than 50 percent of full speed. At minimum speedthe fan system shall draw not more than 30 percent of the power at full fan speed.Low or minimum speed shall be used during periods of low cooling load andventilation-only operation.

3. Units that include an airside economizer in accordance with Section C403.3 C403.5shall have not fewer than two speeds of fan control during economizer operation

Exceptions:1. Modulating fan control is not required for chilled water and


evaporative cooling units with fan motors of less than 1 hp (0.746kW) where the units are not used to provide ventilation air and theindoor fan cycles with the load.

2. Where the volume of outdoor air required to comply with theventilation requirements of the International Mechanical Code atlow speed exceeds the air that would be delivered at the speeddefined in Section C403.4.1 C403.8.3, the minimum speed shall beselected to provide the required ventilation air.

TABLE C403.4.1.1 C403.8.3.1EFFECTIVE DATES FOR FAN CONTROL

COOLING

SYSTEM TYPE

FAN

MOTOR SIZE

MECHANICAL

COOLING CAPACITY

DX cooling Any

≥ 75,000 Btu/h (bef ore 1/1/2016)

≥ 65,000 Btu/h

(af ter 1/1/2016

Chilled water and ev aporativ e cooling

≥ 5 hp Any

≥ 1 /4 hp Any

For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W; 1 hp = 0.746 kW.

C403.4.3 C403.9 Heat rejection equipment. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5 hp (5.6 kW) orlarger shall have the capability to operate that fan at two-thirds of full speed or less, and shallhave controls that automatically change the fan speed to control the leaving fluid temperature orcondensing temperature/pressure of the heat rejection device.

Exception: Factory-installed heat rejection devices within HVAC equipment tested andrated in accordance with Tables C403.2.3(6 C403.3.2(6) and C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7).

C403.4.3.1 C403.9.1 General. Heat rejection equipment such as air-cooled condensers, drycoolers, open-circuit cooling towers, closed-circuit cooling towers and evaporative condensersused for comfort cooling applications shall comply with this section.

Exception: Heat rejection devices where energy usage is included in the equipmentefficiency ratings listed in Tables C403.2.3(6 C403.3.2(6) and C403.2.3(7 C403.3.2(7).

C403.4.3.2 C403.9.2 Fan speed control. The fan speed shall be controlled as provided inSections C403.4.3.2.1 C403.9.2.1 and C403.4.3.2.2 C403.9.2.2..

C403.4.3.2.1 C403.9.2.1 Fan motors not less than 7.5 hp. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5hp (5.6 kW) or larger shall have the capability to operate that fan at two-thirds of full speed orless, and shall have controls that automatically change the fan speed to control the leaving fluidtemperature or condensing temperature/pressure of the heat rejection device.


Exception: The following fan motors over 7.5 hp (5.6 kW) are exempt:1. Condenser fans serving multiple refrigerant circuits.2. Condenser fans serving flooded condensers.3. Installations located in Climate Zones 1 and 2.

C403.4.3.2.2 C403.9.2.2 Multiple-cell heat rejection equipment. Multiple-cell heat rejectionequipment with variable speed fan drives shall be controlled in both of the following manners:

1. To operate the maximum number of fans allowed that comply with the manufacturer'srequirements for all system components.

2. So all fans can operate at the same fan speed required for the instantaneous coolingduty, as opposed to staged (on/off) operation.

Minimum fan speed shall be the minimum allowable speed of the fan drive system inaccordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

C403.4.3.3 C403.9.3 Limitation on centrifugal fan open-circuit cooling towers. Centrifugalfan open-circuit cooling towers with a combined rated capacity of 1,100 gpm (4164 L/m) orgreater at 95°F (35°C) condenser water return, 85°F (29°C) condenser water supply, and 75°F(24°C) outdoor air wet-bulb temperature shall meet the energy efficiency requirement for axial fanopen-circuit cooling towers listed in Table C403.2.3(8 C403.3.2(8).

Exception: Centrifugal open-circuit cooling towers that are designed with inlet ordischarge ducts or require external sound attenuation.

C403.4.3.4 C403.9.4 Tower flow turndown. No change to text.

C403.4.5 C403.9.5 Heat recovery for service water heating. Condenser heat recovery shallbe installed for heating or reheating of service hot water provided that the facility operates 24hours a day, the total installed heat capacity of water-cooled systems exceeds 6,000,000 Btu/hr(1 758 kW) of heat rejection, and the design service water heating load exceeds 1,000,000 Btu/h(293 kW).

The required heat recovery system shall have the capacity to provide the smaller of thefollowing:

1. Sixty percent of the peak heat rejection load at design conditions.2. The preheating required to raise the peak service hot water draw to 85°F (29°C).

Exceptions:1. Facilities that employ condenser heat recovery for space heating

or reheat purposes with a heat recovery design exceeding 30percent of the peak water-cooled condenser load at designconditions.

2. Facilities that provide 60 percent of their service water heatingfrom site solar or site recovered energy or from other sources.

C403.2.14 C403.10 Refrigeration equipment performance (Mandatory). Refrigerationequipment shall have an energy use in kWh/day not greater than the values of TablesC403.2.14(1 C403.10.1(1) and C403.2.14(2 C403.10.1(2) when tested and rated in accordancewith AHRI Standard 1200. The energy use shall be verified through certification under an approvedcertification program or, where a certification program does not exist, the energy use shall besupported by data furnished by the equipment manufacturer.


C403.2.15 C403.10.1 Walk-in coolers, walk-in freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolersand refrigerated warehouse freezers. .(Mandatory) Refrigerated warehouse coolers andrefrigerated warehouse freezers shall comply with this section. Walk-in coolers and walk -infreezers that are not either site assembled or site constructed shall comply with the following:

1. Be equipped with automatic door-closers that firmly close walk-in doors that havebeen closed to within 1 inch (25 mm) of full closure.

2. Doorways shall have strip doors, curtains, spring-hinged doors or other method ofminimizing infiltration when doors are open.

3. Walk-in coolers and refrigerated warehouse coolers shall contain wall, ceiling, anddoor insulation of not less than R-25 and walk -in freezers and refrigerated warehousefreezers shall contain wall, ceiling and door insulation of not less than R-32.

Exception: Glazed portions of doors or structural members need not beinsulated.

4. Walk-in freezers shall contain floor insulation of not less than R-28.5. Transparent reach-in doors for walk -in freezers and windows in walk -i freezer doors

shall be of triple-pane glass, either filled with inert gas or with heat-reflective treatedglass.

6. Windows and transparent reach-in doors for walk -in coolers doors shall be of double-pane or triple-pane, inert gas-filled, heat-reflective treated glass.

7. Evaporator fan motors that are less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) and less than 460 voltsshall use electronically commutated motors, brushless direct-current motors, or 3-phase motors.

8. Condenser fan motors that are less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) shall use electronicallycommutated motors, permanent split capacitor-type motors or 3-phase motors.

9. Where antisweat heaters without antisweat heater controls are provided, they shallhave a total door rail, glass and frame heater power draw of not more than 7.1 W/ft2

(76 W/m2) of door opening for walk -in freezers and 3.0 W/ft2 (32 W/m2) of dooropening for walk -in coolers.

10. Where antisweat heater controls are provided, they shall reduce the energy use of theantisweat heater as a function of the relative humidity in the air outside the door or tothe condensation on the inner glass pane.

11. Lights in walk -in coolers, walk -in freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolers andrefrigerated warehouse freezers shall either use light sources with an efficacy of notless than 40 lumens per watt, including ballast losses, or shall use light sources withan efficacy of not less than 40 lumens per watt, including ballast losses, inconjunction with a device that turns off the lights within 15 minutes when the space isnot occupied.

Exception: Automatic closers are not required for doors more than 45 inches (1143 mm)in width or more than 7 feet (2134 mm) in height.

TABLE C403.2.14 C403.10.1(1) (1) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION

EQUIPMENT TYPE APPLICATIONENERGY USE LIMITS (kWh per

day)aTEST PROCEDURE

Ref rigerator with solid doors 0.10 · V + 2.04


Ref rigerator with transparent doors

Holding Temperature

0.12 · V + 3.34

AHRI 1200

Freezers with solid doors 0.40 · V + 1.38

Freezers with transparent doors 0.75 · V + 4.10

Ref rigerators/f reezers with solid

doors

the greater of 0.12 · V + 3.34 or

0.70

Commercial ref rigerators Pulldown 0.126 · V + 3.51

a. V = v olume of the chiller or f rozen compartment as def ined in AHAM-HRF-1.

TABLE C403.2.14 C403.10.1(2) (2) MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATORS AND FREEZERS

EQUIPMENT TYPEENERGY USE

LIMITS

(kWh/day)a,b

TEST PROCEDUREEquipment

ClasscFamily Code

Operating

Mode

Rating

Temperature

VOP.RC.M Vertical openRemote

condensingMedium 0.82 · TDA + 4.07

SVO.RC.M Semiv ertical openRemote


HZO.RC.M Horizontal openRemote


VOP.RC.L Vertical openRemote

condensingLow 2.27 · TDA + 6.85

HZO.RC.L Horizontal openRemote


VCT.RC.MVertical

transparent door

Remote

condensingMedium 0.22 TDA + 1.95

VCT.RC.LVertical

transparent door

Remote



SOC.RC.MServ ice ov er

counter

Remote


AHRI 1200

VOP.SC.M Vertical open Self -contained Medium 1.74 · TDA + 4.71

SVO.SC.M Semiv ertical open Self -contained Medium 1.73 · TDA + 4.59

HZO.SC.M Horizontal open Self -contained Medium 0.77 · TDA + 5.55

HZO.SC.L Horizontal open Self -contained Low 1.92 · TDA + 7.08

VCT.SC.IVertical

transparent doorSelf -contained Ice cream 0.67 · TDA + 3.29

VCS.SC.I Vertical solid door Self -contained Ice cream 0.38 · V + 0.88

HCT.SC.IHorizontal

transparent doorSelf -contained Ice cream 0.56 · TDA + 0.43

SVO.RC.L Semiv ertical openRemote


VOP.RC.I Vertical openRemote

condensingIce cream 2.89 · TDA + 8.7

SVO.RC.I Semiv ertical openRemote


HZO.RC.I Horizontal openRemote


VCT.RC.IVertical

transparent door

Remote


HCT.RC.MHorizontal

transparent door

Remote


EQUIPMENT TYPE ENERGY USE

LIMITS TEST

Equipment AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

ClasscFamily Code Operating Mode Rating

Temperature

(kWh/day)a,b PROCEDURE

HCT.RC.LHorizontal

transparent door

Remote


AHRI 1200

HCT.RC.IHorizontal

transparent door

Remote


VCS.RC.MVertical solid

door

Remote

condensingMedium 0.11 · V + 0.26

VCS.RC.LVertical solid

door

Remote

condensingLow 0.23 · V + 0.54

VCS.RC.IVertical solid

door

Remote

condensingIce cream 0.27 · V + 0.63

HCS.RC.MHorizontal solid

door

Remote

condensingMedium 0.11 · V + 0.26

HCS.RC.LHorizontal solid

door

Remote

condensingLow 0.23 · V + 0.54

HCS.RC.IHorizontal solid

door

Remote


HCS.RC.IHorizontal solid

door

Remote


SOC.RC.LServ ice ov er

counter

Remote


SOC.RC.IServ ice ov er

counter

Remote


VOP.SC.L Vertical open Self -contained Low 4.37 · TDA + 11.82

VOP.SC.I Vertical open Self -contained Ice cream 5.55 · TDA + 15.02

Semiv erticalAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

SVO.SC.Lopen

Self -contained Low 4.34 · TDA + 11.51

SVO.SC.ISemiv ertical

openSelf -contained Ice cream 5.52 · TDA + 14.63

HZO.SC.I Horizontal open Self -contained Ice cream 2.44 · TDA + 9.0

SOC.SC.IServ ice ov er

counterSelf -contained Ice cream 1.76 · TDA + 0.36

HCS.SC.IHorizontal solid

doorSelf -contained Ice cream 0.38 · V + 0.88

a. V = Volume of the case, as measured in accordance with Appendix C of AHRI 1200.

b. TDA = Total display area of the case, as measured in accordance with Appendix D of AHRI 1200.

c. Equipment class designations consist of a combination [(in sequential order separated by periods (AAA).(BB).(C))] of :

(AAA) (AAA)

(AAA)

An equipment f amily code where:

An equipment f amily code where:

VOP = v ertical open

VOP = v ertical open

SVO = semiv ertical open

SVO = semiv ertical open

HZO = horizontal open

HZO = horizontal open

VCT = v ertical transparent doors

VCT = v ertical transparent doors

VCS = v ertical solid doors

VCS = v ertical solid doors

HCT = horizontal transparent doors

HCT = horizontal transparent doors

HCS = horizontal solid doors

HCS = horizontal solid doors

SOC = serv ice ov er counter

SOC = serv ice ov er counter

(BB)

(BB)

An operating mode code: AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

An operating mode code:

RC = remote condensing

RC = remote condensing

SC = self -contained

SC = self -contained

(C)

(C)

A rating temperature code:

A rating temperature code:

M = medium temperature (38°F)

M = medium temperature (38°F)

L = low temperature (0°F)

L = low temperature (0°F)

I = ice-cream temperature (15°F)

I = ice-cream temperature (15°F)

For example, "VOP.RC.M'' refers to the "vertical-open, remote-condensing, medium-temperature"equipment class.

C403.2.16 C403.10.2 Walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers. .(Mandatory) Site- assembled orsite-constructed walk -in coolers and walk -in freezers shall comply with the following:

1. Automatic door closers shall be provided that fully close walk-in doors that have beenclosed to within 1 inch (25 mm) of full closure.

Exception: Closers are not required for doors more than 45 inches (1143 mm)in width or more than 7 feet (2134 mm) in height.

2. Doorways shall be provided with strip doors, curtains, spring-hinged doors or othermethod of minimizing infiltration when the doors are open.

3. Walls shall be provided with insulation having a thermal resistance of not less than R-25, ceilings shall be provided with insulation having a thermal resistance of not lessthan R-25 and doors of walk -in coolers and walk -in freezers shall be provided withinsulation having a thermal resistance of not less than R-32.

Exception: Insulation is not required for glazed portions of doors or atstructural members associated with the walls, ceiling or door frame.

4. The floor of walk -in freezers shall be provided with insulation having a thermalresistance of not less than R-28.

5. Transparent reach-in doors for and windows in opaque walk -in freezer doors shall beprovided with triple-pane glass having the interstitial spaces filled with inert gas orprovided with heat-reflective treated glass.

6. Transparent reach-in doors for and windows in opaque walk-in cooler doors shall bedouble-pane heat-reflective treated glass having the interstitial space gas filled.

7. Evaporator fan motors that are less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) and less than 460 voltsshall be electronically commutated motors or 3-phase motors.

8. Condenser fan motors that are less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) in capacity shall be of theelectronically commutated or permanent split capacitor-type or shall be 3-phasemotors.

Exception: Fan motors in walk -in coolers and walk -in freezers combined in aAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

single enclosure greater than 3,000 square feet (279 m2) in floor area areexempt.

9. Antisweat heaters that are not provided with anti-sweat heater controls shall have atotal door rail, glass and frame heater power draw not greater than 7.1 W/ft2 (76W/m2) of door opening for walk -in freezers, and not greater than 3.0 W/ft2 (32 W/m2)of door opening for walk -in coolers.

10. Antisweat heater controls shall be capable of reducing the energy use of theantisweat heater as a function of the relative humidity in the air outside the door or tothe condensation on the inner glass pane.

11. Light sources shall have an efficacy of not less than 40 lumens per Watt, includingany ballast losses, or shall be provided with a device that automatically turns off thelights within 15 minutes of when the walk -in cooler or walk -in freezer was lastoccupied.

C403.2.17 C403.10.3 Refrigerated display cases. .(Mandatory) Site-assembled or site-constructed refrigerated display cases shall comply with the following:

1. Lighting and glass doors in refrigerated display cases shall be controlled by one ofthe following:

1.1. Time switch controls to turn off lights during nonbusiness hours. Timedoverrides for display cases shall turn the lights on for up to 1 hour andshall automatically time out to turn the lights off.

1.2. Motion sensor controls on each display case section that reduce lightingpower by at least 50 percent within 3 minutes after the area within thesensor range is vacated.

2. Low-temperature display cases shall incorporate temperature-based defrosttermination control with a time-limit default. The defrost cycle shall terminate first onan upper temperature limit breach and second upon a time limit breach.

3. Antisweat heater controls shall reduce the energy use of the antisweat heater as afunction of the relative humidity in the air outside the door or to the condensation onthe inner glass pane.

C403.5 C403.10.4 Refrigeration systems. Refrigerated display cases, walk -in coolers or walk -infreezers that are served by remote compressors and remote condensers not located in acondensing unit, shall comply with Sections C403.5.1 C403.10.4.1 and C403.5.2 C403.10.4.2.

Exception: Systems where the working fluid in the refrigeration cycle goes through bothsubcritical and supercritical states (transcritical) or that use ammonia refrigerant areexempt.

C403.5.1 C403.10.4.1 Condensers serving refrigeration systems. Fan-powered condensersshall comply with the following:

1. The design saturated condensing temperatures for air-cooled condensers shall notexceed the design dry-bulb temperature plus 10°F (5.6°C) for low-temperaturerefrigeration systems, and the design dry- bulb temperature plus 15°F (8°C) formedium temperature refrigeration systems where the saturated condensingtemperature for blend refrigerants shall be determined using the average of liquid andvapor temperatures as converted from the condenser drain pressure.

2. Condenser fan motors that are less than 1 hp (0.75 kW) shall use electronicallycommutated motors, permanent split-capacitor-type motors or 3-phase motors.


3. Condenser fans for air-cooled condensers, evaporatively cooled condensers, air- orwater-cooled fluid coolers or cooling towers shall reduce fan motor demand to notmore than 30 percent of design wattage at 50 percent of design air volume, andincorporate one of the following continuous variable speed fan control approaches:

3.1. Refrigeration system condenser control for air-cooled condensers shalluse variable setpoint control logic to reset the condensing temperaturesetpoint in response to ambient dry-bulb temperature.

3.2. Refrigeration system condenser control for evaporatively cooledcondensers shall use variable setpoint control logic to reset thecondensing temperature setpoint in response to ambient wet-bulbtemperature.

4. Multiple fan condensers shall be controlled in unison.5. The minimum condensing temperature setpoint shall be not greater than 70°F (21°C).

C403.5.2 C403.10.4.2 Compressor systems. Refrigeration compressor systems shall complywith the following:

1. Compressors and multiple-compressor system suction groups shall include controlsystems that use floating suction pressure control logic to reset the target suctionpressure temperature based on the temperature requirements of the attachedrefrigeration display cases or walk-ins.

Exception: Controls are not required for the following:1. Single-compressor systems that do not have variable capacity

capability.2. Suction groups that have a design saturated suction temperature

of 30°F (-1.1°C) or higher, suction groups that comprise the highstage of a two-stage or cascade system, or suction groups thatprimarily serve chillers for secondary cooling fluids.

4. Liquid subcooling shall be provided for all low-temperature compressor systems witha design cooling capacity equal to or greater than 100,000 Btu/hr (29.3 kW) with adesign-saturated suction temperature of -10°F (-23°C) or lower. The sub-cooled liquidtemperature shall be controlled at a maximum temperature setpoint of 50°F (10°C) atthe exit of the subcooler using either compressor economizer (interstage) ports or aseparate compressor suction group operating at a saturated suction temperature of18°F (-7.8°C) or higher.

4.1. Insulation for liquid lines with a fluid operating temperature less than 60°F(15.6°C) shall comply with Table C403.2.10.

5. Compressors that incorporate internal or external crankcase heaters shall provide ameans to cycle the heaters off during compressor operation.


C403.11 Construction of HVAC system elements Ducts, plenums, piping and other elementsthat are part of an HVAC system shall be constructed and insulated in accordance with SectionsC403.11.1 through C403.11.3.1.

Revise as follows:

C403.2.9 C403.11.1 Duct and plenum insulation and sealing. .(Mandatory) Supply andreturn air ducts and plenums shall be insulated with a minimum of R-6 insulation where located inunconditioned spaces and where located outside the building with a minimum of R-8 insulation inClimate Zones 1 through 4 and a minimum of R-12 insulation in Climate Zones 5 through 8.


Where located within a building envelope assembly, the duct or plenum shall be separated fromthe building exterior or unconditioned or exempt spaces by a minimum of R-8 insulation inClimate Zones 1 through 4 and a minimum of R-12 insulation in Climate Zones 5 through 8.

Exceptions:1. Where located within equipment.2. Where the design temperature difference between the interior and exterior of

the duct or plenum is not greater than 15°F (8°C).

Ducts, air handlers and filter boxes shall be sealed. Joints and seams shall comply withSection 603.9 of the International Mechanical Code.

C403.2.9.1 C403.11.2 Duct construction. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.9.1.1 C403.11.2.1 Low-pressure duct systems. .(Mandatory) Longitudinal andtransverse joints, seams and connections of supply and return ducts operating at a staticpressure less than or equal to 2 inches water gauge (w.g.) (498 Pa) shall be securely fastenedand sealed with welds, gaskets, mastics (adhesives), mastic-plus-embedded-fabric systems ortapes installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Pressure classificationsspecific to the duct system shall be clearly indicated on the construction documents inaccordance with the International Mechanical Code.

Exception: Locking-type longitudinal joints and seams, other than the snap-lock andbutton-lock types, need not be sealed as specified in this section.

C403.2.9.1.2 C403.11.2.2 Medium-pressure duct systems. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.9.1.3 C403.11.2.3 High-pressure duct systems. .(Mandatory) Ducts and plenumsdesigned to operate at static pressures greater than 3 inches water gauge (747 Pa) shall beinsulated and sealed in accordance with Section C403.2.9 C403.11.2. In addition, ducts andplenums shall be leak tested in accordance with the SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage TestManual and shown to have a rate of air leakage (CL) less than or equal to 4.0 as determined inaccordance with Equation 4-8.

CL = F/P0.65 (Equation 4-8)

where:

F = The measured leakage rate in cf m per 100 square f eet of duct surf ace.

P = The static pressure of the test.

Documentation shall be furnished by the designer demonstrating that representative sectionstotaling at least 25 percent of the duct area have been tested and that all tested sections complywith the requirements of this section.

C403.2.10 C403.11.3 Piping insulation. .(Mandatory) Piping serving as part of a heating orcooling system shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table C403.2.10 C403.11.3.

Exceptions:1. Factory-installed piping within HVAC equipment tested and rated in

accordance with a test procedure referenced by this code.2. Factory-installed piping within room fan-coils and unit ventilators tested and

rated according to AHRI 440 (except that the sampling and variation provisionsof Section 6.5 shall not apply) and AHRI 840, respectively.

3. Piping that conveys fluids that have a design operating temperature rangeAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

between 60°F (15°C) and 105°F (41°C).4. Piping that conveys fluids that have not been heated or cooled through the use

of fossil fuels or electric power.5. Strainers, control valves, and balancing valves associated with piping 1 inch

(25 mm) or less in diameter.6. Direct buried piping that conveys fluids at or below 60°F (15°C).

TABLE C403.2.10 C403.11.3c MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (in inches)a, c

FLUID OPERATING

TEMPERATURE

RANGE AND

USAGE (°F)

INSULATION CONDUCTIVITY NOMINAL PIPE OR TUBE SIZE (inches)

Conductivity Btu ·

in./(h · ft2· °F)b

Mean Rating

Temperature, °F< 1

1 to <

11/2

11/2 to

< 44 to < 8 ≥ 8

> 350 0.32 – 0.34 250 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

251 – 350 0.29 – 0.32 200 3.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.5

201 – 250 0.27 – 0.30 150 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0

141 – 200 0.25 – 0.29 125 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0

105 – 140 0.21 – 0.28 100 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5

40 – 60 0.21 – 0.27 75 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0

0.20 – 0.26 50 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, °C = [(°F) - 32]/1.8.

a. For piping smaller than 1 1 / 2 inches and located in partitions within conditioned spaces, reduction of these thicknesses by 1inch shall be permitted (bef ore thickness adjustment required in f ootnote b) but not to a thickness less than 1 inch.

b For insulation outside the stated conductiv ity range, the minimum thickness (T) shall be determined as f ollows:

T = r {(1 + t / r ) K / k – 1}

T = r {(1 + t / r ) K / k – 1}

T = r {(1 + t / r ) K / k – 1}

where:

T

T

T

=

=


minimum insulation thickness,

minimum insulation thickness,

r

r

=

=

actual outside radius of pipe,

actual outside radius of pipe,

t

t

=

=

insulation thickness listed in the table f or applicable f luid temperature and pipe size,

insulation thickness listed in the table f or applicable f luid temperature and pipe size,

K

K

=

=

conductiv ity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated f or the applicable f luid temperature (Btu · in/h · f t 2 · °F) and

conductiv ity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated f or the applicable f luid temperature (Btu · in/h · f t 2 · °F) and

k

k

=

=

the upper v alue of the conductiv ity range listed in the table f or the applicable f luid temperature.

the upper v alue of the conductiv ity range listed in the table f or the applicable f luid temperature.

c. For direct-buried heating and hot water system piping, reduction of these thicknesses by 11/2inches (38 mm) shall be permitted (before thickness adjustment required in footnote b but not tothicknesses less than 1 inch (25 mm).

C403.2.10.1 C403.11.3.1 Protection of piping insulation. .(Mandatory) No change to text.


C403.12 Mechanical systems located outside of the building thermal envelope. Mechanical systems providing heat outside of the thermal envelope of a building shall complywith Sections C403.12.1 through C403.12.3.

Revise as follows:

C403.2.13 C403.12.1 Heating outside a building. .(Mandatory) Systems installed to provideheat outside a building shall be radiant systems.

Such heating systems shall be controlled by an occupancy sensing device or a timer switch,AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

so that the system is automatically deenergized when no occupants are present.

C403.2.4.5 C403.12.2 Snow- and ice-melt system controls. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

C403.2.4.6 C403.12.3 Freeze protection system controls. .(Mandatory) No change to text.

Reason: This proposal w as submitted by the ICC Sustainability Energy and High Performance Code ActionCommittee (SEHPCAC). The SEHPCAC w as established by the ICC Board of Directors to pursue opportunities toimprove and enhance International Codes w ith regard to sustainability, energy and high performance as it relates tothe built environment included, but not limited to, how these criteria relate to the International Green ConstructionCode (IgCC) and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). In 2015, the SEHPCAC has held three tw o- orthree-day open meetings and 25 w orkgroup calls, w hich included members of the SEHPCAC as w ell as anyinterested parties, to discuss and debate proposed changes and public comments. Related documentation andreports are posted on the SEHPCAC w ebsite at: http://w w w .iccsafe.org/cs/SEHPCAC/Pages/default.aspxCurrently C403 has 5 subsections

C403.1 General

C403.2 Provisions applicable to all systems (Mandatory)

C403.3 Economizers (Prescriptive)

C403.4 Hydronic and multi-zone controls/equipment (Prescriptive)

C403.5 Refrigeration systems

The attached proposal has 12 sections as follow s:

C403.1 General

C403.2 System Design

C403.3 Heating and Cooling Equipment Eff iciencies

C403.4 Heating and cooling system controls

C403.5 Economizers

C403.6 VAV and multi-zone systems

C403.7 Ventilation and exhaust systems

C403.8 Fans and fan controls

C403.9 Heat rejection equipment

C403.10 Refrigeration systems

C403.11 Construction of HVAC system elements

C403.12 "Outdoor' HVAC systems

The existing Section C403 organization w as based on a historic split betw een mandatory versus prescriptiveprovisions. The mandatory versus prescriptive is only needed as a distinction w hen C407 is used to forcompliance. In previous editions Sections C403.3 and C403.4 w ere a single section w hich w as split into simpleversus complex systems. In the 2015 edition, Economizer regulations w ere split out, and the importance ofsimple/complex distinction w as reduced. In addition, there w ere many new provisions added to the section C403 in2015 w hich resulted in less cohesion of the requirements. In general there are very few 'requirements' for theHVAC systems under Section C403. How ever, w here an HVAC systems includes equipment, then requirements foreff iciency and provision of controls comes into play. The intent of the proposal is to provide an organization that ismore specif ic to equipment type. The intent of the reorganization is to provide a chapter that is easier to use. Itallow s placement of new requirements w ith like provisions rather than among a long list of requirements based onw hether the proponent considered them mandatory or prescriptive.

In a few places the code requires specif ic elements – for example Section C403.5 requires your HVAC system tohave an economizer...unless you meet one of umpteen exceptions. In Section C403.2 – System Design – the codesays you have zones (unless you meet the exception).

Overall the intent of the proposal is editorial. Text show n for deletion is existing routing text that is no longer neededin the new organization. New text, the same, routing text for the new organization.

Some detailed explanations:AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

C403.1 – General. Tw o provisions are moved here: the requirement for commissioning and the reference toASHRAE 183 for calculating design loads. The latter seemed more of a basis for design and not a systemrequirement as found in other sections.

C403.2 – System Design: This includes tw o key 'requirements': Former Section C403.2.4.4 Zone isolation. Reading this section it appears to be a base requirement for all buildings – you create zones. The controlssections frequently refer to zones – it seemed appropriate to put the requirement for the zones at thebeginning of the Section. The other requirement is to comply w ith ventilation requirements of the IMC. Again itseems like a thing to put f irst in the design of the system

C403.3 – Eff iciencies. The home for equipment sizing and the eff iciency tables.

C403.4 – System controls. The placement of control requirements w hich are more full system in natureversus those for specif ic equipment such as fans or kitchen ventilation. There are 3 key provisions:Thermostatic controls, Off-hour controls, and Hydronic system controls. Specif ic controls are found w ith thespecif ic equipment/elements in Sections C403.5 through C403.12.

C403.4.1 – Thermostatic Controls – (includes boiler setback based on outdoor temp)

C403.4.2 – Off Hour controls

C403.4.3 – Hydronic system controls

C403.4.4 – Part load controls –

C403.4.5 – Pump isolation -

Boiler turndow n and the last 3 all seemed fairly unique – they didn't seem to f it in as part of the 3 keyprovisions – Thermostat, Off-hour or Hydronic system

C403.5 – Economizers – existing economizer sections plus Fault Detection requirement

C403.6 - VAV and multiple zone systems – This is the home of existing C403.4.4. C403.4.4 is currentlylabeled 'requirements for complex system'....But w hen you read it, it appears to only be addressing VAVsystems. Some of the requirements are specif ic to multizone designs.

C403.7 – Ventilation and Exhaust – this is a collection of unique related to ventilation and exhaustrequirements. These are distinct from the requirement to comply w ith ventilation of the IMC.

C403.8 – Fans and fan controls. There is fan requirements scattered throughout the chapter. The provisionsplaced here seem to be specif ic about fans (eff iciencies and controls).

C403.9 – Heat rejection equipment. Heat rejection equipment is a special type of fan system w hich could becombined w ith C403.8 – but is better to stand by itself.

C403.10 – Refrigeration everything

C403.11 – Construction: Insulation of ducts, piping, construction of ducts

C403.12- w eird stuff that is really outside the envelope

Table below provides the section numbers and titles of the existing chapter w ith the new location in the secondcolumn

EXISTING C403 PROPOSED C403

C403 Building Mechanical Systems C403 Building Mechanical Systems

C403.1 General C403.1 General

C403.2 Provisions applicable to all mechanical systems (Mandatory) Deleted – only a routing prov ision

C403.2.1 Calculation of heating and cooling loads C403.1.2

C403.2 – System design – new routing

C403.2.2 Equipment Sizing C403.3.1

C403.2.3 HVAC equipment performance requirements TABLES C403.3.2

C403.2.3.1 Water-cooled centrif ugal chilling packages C403.3.2.1

C403.2.3.2 Positiv e displacement (air and water-cooled) chilling packages C403.3.2.2

C403.2.4 HVAC system controls C403.4


C403.2.4.1 Thermostatic controls C403.4.1

C403.2.4.1.1 Heat pump supplemental heat C403.4.1.1

C403.2.4.1.2 Deadband C403.4.1.2

C403.2.4.1.3 Set point ov erlap restrictions C403.4.1.3

C403.2.4.2 Of f -hour controls C403.4.2

C403.2.4.2.1 Thermostatic setback capabilities C403.4.2.1

C403.2.4.2.2 Automatic setback and shutdown capabilities C403.4.2.2

C403.2.4.2.3 Automatic start capabilities C403.4.2.3

C403.2.4.3 Shutof f Dampers C403.7.5

C403.2.4.4 Zone Isolation C403.2.1

C403.2.4.5 Snow- and ice-melt sy stem controls C403.12.2

C403.2.4.6 Freeze protection sy stem controls C403.12.3

C403.2.4.7 Economizer f ault detection and diagnostic (FDD) C403.5.5

C403.2.5 Hot water boiler outdoor temperature setback control C403.4.1.4

C403.2.6 – Ventilation C403.2.2

C403.7 New routing section

C403.2.6.1 Demand controlled v entilation C403.7.1

C403.2.6.2 Enclosed parking garage v entilation controls C403.7.2

C403.2.7 Energy recovery ventilation systems C403.7.3

C403.2.8 Kitchen exhaust systems C403.7.4

C403.11 – new routing section

C403.2.9 Duct and plenum insulation and sealing C403.11.1

C403.2.9.1 Duct construction C403.11.2

C403.2.9.1.1 through C403.2.9.1.3 C403.11.2.1 through C403.11.2.3

C403.2.10 Piping insulation C403.11.3

C403.2.10.1 Protection of piping insulation C403.11.3.1

C403.2.11 Mechanical systems commissioning and completion requirements C403.2.11

C403.2.12 Air system design and control C403.8

C403.8.1 – Fan – new routing section

C403.2.12.1 Allowable f an motor horsepower C403.8.1.1

C403.2.12.2 Motor nameplate horsepower C403.8.1.2

C403.2.12.3 Fan Ef f iciency C403.8.1.3

C403.12 – new routing section

C403.2.13 Heating outside a building C403.12.1

C403.2.14 Refrigeration equipment performance C403.10

C403.2.15 Walkin coolers, walkin freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolers andrefrigerated C403.10.1

C403.2.16 Walkin coolers and walkin freezers C403.10.2

C403.2.17 Refrigerated display cases C403.10.3

C403.3 Economizers (prescriptive) C403.5

C403.3.1 Integrated economizer control C403.5.1AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

C403.3.2 Economizer heating impact C403.5.2

C403.3.3 Air Economizers C403.5.3

C403.3.3.1 through C403.3.3.5 C403.5.3.1 through C403.5.3.5

C403.3.4 Water-side economizers C403.5.4

C403.3.4.1 and C403.3.4.2 C403.5.4.1 and C403.5.4.2

C403.4 Hydronic and multi-zone HVAC systems controls and equipment(Prescriptive) Deleted – routing section

C403.4.1 Fan control C403.8.3

C403.4.1.1 Fan airf low control C403.8.3.1

C403.4.1.2 Static pressure sensor location C403.6.7

C403.4.1.3 Set points f or direct digital control C403.6.6

C403.4.2 Hydronic system controls C403.4.3

C403.4.2.1 Three pipe sy stem C403.4.3.1

C403.4.2.2 Two-pipe changeov er sy stem C403.4.3.2

C403.4.2.3 Hy dronic (water loop) heat pump sy stems C403.4.3.3

C403.4.2.3.1 Temperature dead band C403.4.3.3.1

C403.4.2.3.2 Heat rejection C403.4.3.3.2

C403.4.2.3.2.1 Climate zones 3 and 4 C403.4.3.3.2.1

C403.4.2.3.2.2 Climate zones 5 through 8 C403.4.3.3.2.2

C403.4.2.3.3 Two position v alv e C403.4.3.3.3

C403.4.2.4 Part-load controls C403.4.4

C403.4.2.5 Boiler turndown C403.3.4

C403.4.2.6 Pump isolation C403.4.5

C403.4.3 Heat rejection equipment C403.9

C403.4.3.1 General C403.9.1

C403.4.3.2 Fan speed control C403.9.2

C403.4.3.2.1 Fan motors not less than 7.5 hp C403.9.2.1

C403.4.3.2.2 Multiple cell heat rejection equipment C403.9.2.2

C403.4.3.3 Limitation on centrif ugal f an open-circuit cooling towers C403.9.3

C403.4.3.4 tower f low turndown C403.9.4

C403.4.4 Requirements for complex mechanical systems serving multiple zones C403.6

C403.4.4.1 Single duct VAV sy stems C403.6.1

C403.4.4.2 Dual duct and mixing VAV sy stems C403.6.2

C403.4.4.3 Single f an dual duct and mixing VAV sy stems C403.6.3

C403.4.4.4 Fractional hp f an motors C403.8.2

C403.4.4.5 Supply air temperature reset controls C403.6.4

C403.4.4.6 Multiple zone VAV sy stem v entilation optimization control C403.6.5

C403.4.5 Heat recovery for service water heating C404.9.5

C403.4.6 Hot gas bypass limitation C403.3.3

C403.5 Refrigeration systems C403.10.4


CE119-16 : C403-COLLINS11420

C403.5.1 Condensers serving refrigeration systems C403.10.4.1C403.5.2 Compressor systems. C403.10.4.2

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThere is no intent to change any technical requirement but to reorganize Section C403 into a more user friendlyformat.


CE122-16IECC: 0, C403.2.12, C403.2.12.1, C403.2.12.2, C403.2.12.3, C403.4.1,C403.4.1.1, C403.4.1.2, C403.4.1.3, C403.4.4.4.Proponent : Steven Ferguson, representing American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers ([email protected])

2015 International Energy Conservation CodeRevise as follows:

SECTION C202 DEFINITIONS

FAN SYSTEM DESIGN CONDITIONS. Operating conditions that can be expected to occurduring normal system operation that result in the highest supply fan airflow rate to conditionedspaces served by the system, other than during air economizer operation.

C403.2.12 Air system design and control. Each HVAC system having with a total fan systemmotor nameplate horsepower (hp) exceeding 5 hp (3.7 kW) shall comply with the provisions ofSections C403.2.12.1 through C403.2.12.3 C403.2.12.5.

C403.2.12.1 Allowable fan motor horsepower. Each HVAC system having a total fan systemmotor nameplate horsepower exceeding 5 hp (3.7 kW) at fan system design conditions shall notexceed the allowable fan system motor nameplate hp (Option 1) or fan system bhp (Option 2) asshown in Table C403.2.12.1(1). This includes supply fans, exhaust fans, return/relief fans, andfan-powered terminal units associated with systems providing heating or cooling capability.Single-zone variable air volume systems shall comply with the constant volume fan powerlimitation.

Exceptions:1. Hospital, vivarium and laboratory systems that utilize flow control devices on

exhaust or return to maintain space pressure relationships necessary foroccupant health and safety or environmental control shall be permitted to usevariable volume fan power limitation.

2. Individual exhaust fans with motor nameplate horsepower of 1 hp (0.746 kW) orless are exempt from the allowable fan horsepower requirement.

C403.2.12.2 Motor nameplate horsepower. For each fan, the fan brake horsepower shall beindicated on the construction documents and the selected motor shall be not larger than the firstavailable motor size greater than the following:

1. For fans less than 6 bhp (4413 W), 1.5 times the fan brake horsepower.2. For fans 6 bhp (4413 W) and larger, 1.3 times the fan brake horsepower.3. Systems complying with Section C403.2.12.1 fan system motor nameplate hp

(Option 1).

Exception: Fans with motor nameplate horsepower less than 1 hp are exempt from this section.

C403.2.12.3 Fan efficiency. Fans shall have a fan efficiency grade (FEG) of not less than 67when determined in accordance with AMCA 205 by an approved, independent testing laboratoryand labeled by the manufacturer. The total efficiency of the fan at the design point of operationshall be within 15 percentage points of the maximum total efficiency of the fan.


Exception: The following fans are not required to have a fan efficiency grade:1. Fans of 5 hp (3.7 kW) or less as follows:

1.1. Single fan Individual fans with a motor nameplate horsepower of 5hp (3.7 kW) or less, unless Exception 1.2 applies.

1.2. Multiple fans in series or parallel that have a combined motornameplate horsepower of 5 hp (3.7 kW) or less and are operatedas the functional equivalent of a single fan.

1.3. Fans that are part of equipment covered under Section C403.2.3.1.4. Fans included in an equipment package certified by an approved

agency for air or energy performance.1.5. Powered wall/roof ventilators.1.6. Fans outside the scope of AMCA 205.1.7. Fans that are intended to operate only during emergency

conditions.

C403.4.4.4 C403.2.12.4 Fractional hp fan motors. Motors for fans that are not less than 1/ 12hp (0.082 kW) and less than 1 hp (0.746 kW) shall be electronically commutated motors or shallhave a minimum motor efficiency of 70 percent, rated in accordance with DOE 10 CFR 431.These motors shall also have the means to adjust motor speed for either balancing or remotecontrol. The use of belt-driven fans to sheave adjustments for airflow balancing instead of avarying motor speed shall be permitted.

Exceptions:The following motors are not required to comply with this section:1. Motors in the airstream within fan coils and terminal units that only provide

heating to the space served.2. Motors in space-conditioning equipment that comply with Section 403.2.3 or

C403.2.12.3. Motors that comply with Section C405.8.

C403.4.1 C403.2.12.5 Fan control. No change to text.

TABLE C403.4.1.1 C403.2.12.5EFFECTIVE DATES Requirements FOR FAN CONTROL

COOLING

SYSTEM TYPE

FAN

MOTOR SIZE

MECHANICAL

COOLING CAPACITY

DX cooling Any

³ 75,000 Btu/h

(bef ore 1/1/2016)

≥ 65,000 Btu/h (af ter 1/1/2016

Chilled water and ev aporativ e cooling

³ 5 hp Any


≥ 1 /4 hp Any

For SI: 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.2931 W; 1 hp = 0.746 kW.

C403.4.1.1 Fan airflow control. Each cooling system listed in Table C403.4.1.1 shall bedesigned to vary the indoor fan airflow as a function of load and shall comply with the followingrequirements:

1. Direct expansion (DX) and chilled water cooling units that control the capacity of themechanical cooling directly based on space temperature shall have not fewer thantwo stages of fan control. Low or minimum speed shall not be greater than 66 percentof full speed. At low or minimum speed, the fan system shall draw not more than 40percent of the fan power at full fan speed. Low or minimum speed shall be usedduring periods of low cooling load and ventilation-only operation.

2. Other units including DX cooling units and chilled water units that control the spacetemperature by modulating the airflow to the space shall have modulating fan control.Minimum speed shall be not greater than 50 percent of full speed. At minimum speedthe fan system shall draw not more than 30 percent of the power at full fan speed.Low or minimum speed shall be used during periods of low cooling load andventilation-only operation.

3. Units that include an airside economizer in accordance with Section C403.3 shallhave not fewer than two speeds of fan control during economizer operation

Exceptions:1. Modulating fan control is not required for chilled water and

evaporative cooling units with fan motors of less than 1 hp (0.746kW) where the units are not used to provide ventilation air and theindoor fan cycles with the load.

2. Where the volume of outdoor air required to comply with theventilation requirements of the International Mechanical Code atlow speed exceeds the air that would be delivered at the speeddefined in Section C403.4.1, the minimum speed shall be selectedto provide the required ventilation air.

C403.4.1.2 Static pressure sensor location. Static pressure sensors used to control VAV fansshall be located such that the controller set point is not greater than 1.2 inches w.c. (299 Pa).Where this results in one or more sensors being located downstream of major duct splits, notless than one sensor shall be located on each major branch to ensure that static pressure can bemaintained in each branch.

C403.4.1.3 Set points for direct digital control. For systems with direct digital control ofindividual zones reporting to the central control panel, the static pressure set point shall be resetbased on the zone requiring the most pressure. In such case, the set point is reset lower untilone zone damper is nearly wide open. The direct digital controls shall be capable of monitoringzone damper positions or shall have an alternative method of indicating the need for staticpressure that is capable of all of the following:

1. Automatically detecting any zone that excessively drives the reset logic.2. Generating an alarm to the system operational location.3. Allowing an operator to readily remove one or more zones from the reset algorithm.

Reason: Section C403.2.12 was added to the IECC under proposal CE239 in the hearings for 2015 IECC.Currentcode language limits some fan requirements to fans with motors greater than 5 hp. This is the result of a sectionAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

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CE122-16 : C403.2.12-FERGUSON11741

being relocated in 90.1-2013 where it was inappropriately subject to the limit. Addendum ap to ASHRAE Standard90.1-2013 revised 90.1 so that requirements for smaller fans are as originally intended. This proposal mirrors thatrevision. In addition fan requirements are moved to Section C403.2.12 so all fan requirements are in one location.Table C403.4.1.1 is relocated and revised to match the original intention and to reflect the publication date of IECC2018. Approval of this code change proposal will ensure consistency with ASHRAE Standard 90.1-16, which will beadopted by reference as an alternative path to the 2018 IECC Commercial Provisions. This change was made viaaddendum ap to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe proposal primarily deals with clarification and reorganization of the code to improve understanding andcompliance. The proposal does clarify that improved fan efficiencies are required on smaller motors; however, thatwas the original intention of a past proposal to 90.1 that was included in prior proposal CE239. In addition, the ECMmotors called for are standard construction practice where they would be applied. There is not expected to be anincrease in construction cost over normal construction practice.


CE140-16IECC: C403.2.6.Proponent : Jeremiah Williams ([email protected])


C403.2.6 Ventilation. Ventilation, either natural or mechanical, shall be provided in accordancewith Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code or applicable codes or accreditationstandards. Where mechanical ventilationventilation is provided, the system shall provide complywith one of the capability to reduce the following:

1. The system design outdoor air supply to the minimum required by Chapter 4 intakeflow rate shall not exceed 135 percent of the International Mechanical Code.requiredminimum outdoor air intake flow rate.

2. The system shall utilize exhaust air energy recovery complying with SectionC403.2.7.

Reason: Currently Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code establishes the minimum outside air required forventilation; how ever, there is no upper limit for ventilation in IECC prescriptive requirements; although there is arequirement that systems have the capability of being reduced to the minimum. This addendum offers the designertw o options:

Green building standards have established 130% of required minimum ventilation for indoor air qualitycredits. This option limits ventilation to 135%, providing a reasonable allow ance for accuracy of balancing.Should more ventilation be desired in a particular building, that additional ventilation can be provided, as longas heat recovery is used to offset the energy cost of higher ventilation rates.

In addition "or applicable codes or accreditation standards" is added as an option to IMC requirements, ashospitals and some other facilities may have higher ventilation standards for acreditation than those required in theIMC.

Field studies have show n that ventilation rates exceed minimums. A PIER study1 of 40 buildings prepared forCalifornia Energy Commission found a median ventilation rate of 76 cfm per person, w hen minimum standards are inthe 10 to 20 cfm per person range. A study2 of ventilation rates in 100 U.S. commercial buildings did f ind that halfw ere below minimum ventilation rates; how ever, this indicates that half w ere at or above minimum ventilation rates.The spread of ventilation rates based on peak CO2 w as quite w ide w ith the upper quartile having ventilation ratesmore than 38% above the mean. So it is possible that a quarter of the buildings exceeded the limits in this proposal.These studies indicate there is potential for savings by placing reasonable limits on ventilation rates.

Energy Savings: An analysis of the DOE small off ice prototype show s that supplying 135% of the ventilationinstead of 170% results in 0.6% total building energy cost savings in hot climates, 1.4% in moderate climates, and3.1% in cold climates. The 70% increase above minimum required w as selected as a conservative indicator ofpotential savings at double the new requirement of no more than 35% over minimum. This is conservative comparedto the previously referenced study1 that show ed a median of 280% over minimum.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) develops its proposals through a public process to ensure transparency,objectivity and consistency in DOE-proposed code changes. Energy savings and cost impacts are assessed basedon established methods and reported for each proposal, as applicable. More information on the process utilized todevelop the DOE proposals for the 2018 IECC can be found at:https://w w w .energycodes.gov/development/2018IECC.

Bibliography:

1. Deborah Bennett, Xiangmei (May) Wu, and Amber Trout. "Indoor Environmental Quality and Heating,AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

CE140-16 : C403.2.6-WILLIAMS12256

Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Survey of Small and Medium Size Commercial Buildings: Field Study."University of California Davis for California Energy Commission, 2011.http://w w w .energy.ca.gov/2011publications/CEC-500-2011-043/CEC-500-2011-043.pdf.

2. Persily, Andrew K., J Gorfain, and G Brunner. "Analysis of US Commercial Building Envelope Air LeakageDatabase to Support Sustainable Building Design." In Indoor Air, 2005.http://f ire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build05/PDF/b05053.pdf.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of construction There is no anticipated cost increase, as this represents a control/design requirement rather than a requirementfor additional equipment. The current balancing requirements in code require that air systems be balanced, so thisproposal simply adjusts the level to w hich outside air should be balanced. If ventilation is limited, there is a reductionin required heating or cooling peak capacity, thereby reducing costs. As an option, a building may still be permitted toexceed the ventilation threshold and choose to incur the cost of the heat recovery system; how ever this is a designoption and not a requirement of code, so does not add to the cost impact created by the energy code. Cost-effectiveness: This change is cost-effective in that it provides signif icant savings w ith no anticipated costincrease.


CE157-16Part I:IECC: C101.4.1, C101.5, C202, C202 (New), C403.3, C406.7, C407.5.1,C407.5.2.3. Part II:IECC: R101.4.1, R101.5.THIS IS A 2 PART CODE CHANGE. PART I WILL BE HEARD BY THE IECC-COMMERCIAL COMMITTEE. PART II WILL BEHEARD BY THE IECC-RESIDENTIAL COMMITTEE. SEE THE TENTATIVE HEARING ORDERS FOR THESE COMMITTEES.

Proponent : David Collins, representing Sustainability, Energy, High Performance Code ActionCommittee

Part I2015 International Energy Conservation CodeRevise as follows:

C101.4.1 Mixed occupancy. Residential and Commercial buildings Where a buildingincludes both rresidential esidential building and commercial buildingoccupancies, portions, each occupancy portion shall be separately considered and meet the applicableprovisions of IECC—Commercial Provisions or IECC—Residential Provisions.

C101.5 Compliance. Residential buildings shall meet the provisions of IECC—ResidentialProvisions. Commercial buildings shall meet the provisions of IECC—Commercial Provisions.

SECTION 202 DEFINITIONS

STOREFRONT. A nonresidential system of doors and windows mulled as a compositefenestration structure that has been designed to resist heavy use. Storefrontsystems include, butare not limited to, exterior fenestration systems that span from the floor level or above to theceiling of the same story on commercial buildings, with or without mulled windows and doors.

Add new definition as follows:

GROUP R Buildings or portions of buildings that contain any of the following occupancies asestablished in the International Building Code: 1. Group R-1. 2. Group R-2 where located more than three stories in height above grade plane. 3. Group R-4 where located more than three stories in height above grade plane.

Revise as follows:

C403.3 Economizers (Prescriptive). Each cooling system shall include either an air or watereconomizer complying with Sections C403.3.1 through C403.3.4

Exceptions: Economizers are not required for the systems listed below.1. In cooling systems for buildings located in Climate Zones 1A and 1B.2. In climate zones other than 1A and 1B, where individual fan cooling units have

a capacity of less than 54,000 Btu/h (15.8 kW) and meet one of the following:2.1. Have direct expansion cooling coils.2.2. The total chilled water system capacity less the capacity of fan


units with air economizers is less than the minimum specified inTable C403.3(1).The total supply capacity of all fan-cooling unitsnot provided with economizers shall not exceed 20 percent of thetotal supply capacity of all fan-cooling units in the building or300,000 Btu/h (88 kW), whichever is greater.

3. Where more than 25 percent of the air designed to be supplied by the systemis to spaces that are designed to be humidified above 35°F (1.7°C) dew-pointtemperature to satisfy process needs.

4. Systems that serve residential Group R occupancy spaces where the systemcapacity is less than five times the requirement listed in Table C403.3(1).

5. Systems expected to operate less than 20 hours per week.6. Where the use of outdoor air for cooling will affect supermarket open

refrigerated casework systems.7. Where the cooling efficiency meets or exceeds the efficiency requirements in

Table C403.3(2).8. Chilled-water cooling systems that are passive (without a fan) or use induction

where the total chilled water system capacity less the capacity of fan unitswith air economizers is less than the minimum specified in Table C403.3(1).

9. Systems that include a heat recovery system in accordance with SectionC403.4.5.

C406.7 Reduced energy use in service water heating. Buildings shall be of the followingtypes to use this compliance method:

1. Group R-1: Boarding houses, hotels or motels.2. Group I-2: Hospitals, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes.3. Group A-2: Restaurants and banquet halls or buildings containing food preparation

areas.4. Group F: Laundries.5. Group R-2: Buildings with residential occupancies.6. Group A-3: Health clubs and spas.7. Buildings showing a service hot water load of 10 percent or more of total building

energy loads, as shown with an energy analysis as described in Section C407.

TABLE C407.5.1 (2) HVAC SYSTEMS MAP

CONDENSER

COOLING

SOURCEa

HEATING SYSTEM

CLASSIFICATIONb

STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN HVC SYSTEM TYPEc

Single-zone

Residential System

Single-zone

Nonresidential SystemAll Other

Water/ground

Electric resistance Sy stem 5 Sy stem 5 Sy stem 1

Heat pump Sy stem 6 Sy stem 6 Sy stem 6

Fossil f uel Sy stem 7 Sy stem 7 Sy stem 2


Air/none

Electric resistance Sy stem 8 Sy stem 9 Sy stem 3

Heat pump Sy stem 8 Sy stem 9 Sy stem 3

Fossil f uel Sy stem 10 Sy stem 11 Sy stem 4

a. Select "water/ground" where the proposed design sy stem condenser is water or ev aporativ ely cooled; select "air/none" where thecondenser is air cooled. Closed-circuit dry coolers shall be considered air cooled. Sy stems utilizing district cooling shall be treated asif the condenser water ty pe were "water." Where no mechanical cooling is specif ied or the mechanical cooling sy stem in theproposed design does not require heat rejection, the sy stem shall be treated as if the condenser water ty pe were "Air." For proposeddesigns with ground-source or groundwater-source heat pumps, the standard ref erence design HVAC sy stem shall be water-sourceheat pump (Sy stem 6).

b. Select the path that corresponds to the proposed design heat source: electric resistance, heat pump (including air source andwater source), or f uel f ired. Sy stems utilizing district heating (steam or hot water) and sy stems with no heating capability shall betreated as if the heating sy stem ty pe were "f ossil f uel." For sy stems with mixed f uel heating sources, the sy stem or sy stems thatuse the secondary heating source ty pe (the one with the smallest total installed output capacity f or the spaces serv ed by thesy stem) shall be modeled identically in the standard ref erence design and the primary heating source ty pe shall be used todetermine standard ref erence design HVAC sy stem ty pe.

c. Select the standard ref erence design HVAC sy stem category : The sy stem under "single-zone residential sy stem" shall beselected where the HVAC sy stem in the proposed design is a single-zone sy stem and serv es a residential space Group Roccupancy . The sy stem under "single-zone nonresidential sy stem" shall be selected where the HVAC sy stem in the proposed designis a single-zone sy stem and serv es other than residential spaces Group R occupancies. The sy stem under "all other" shall beselected f or all other cases.

C407.5.2.3 Multifamily residential Group R-2 occupancy buildings. ResidentialGroup R-2 occupancy spaces shall be modeled using one thermal block per space except thatthose facing the same orientations are permitted to be combined into one thermal block. Cornerunits and units with roof or floor loads shall only be combined with units sharing these features.

Part II2015 International Energy Conservation CodeRevise as follows:

R101.4.1 Mixed occupancy. Residential and Commercial buildings Where a buildingincludes both residential building and commercial building occupancies portions, eachoccupancy portion shall be separately considered and meet the applicable provisions of the IECC—Commercial Provisions or IECC—Residential Provisions.

R101.5 Compliance. Residential buildings shall meet the provisions of IECC—ResidentialProvisions. Commercial buildings shall meet the provisions of IECC—Commercial Provisions.

Reason: The code is split in Commercial and Residential halves. The definitions of commercial buildings andresidential buildings rely on the occupancy categories found in the IBC. While used in the Commercial provisions theterms 'Group R' and 'residential' are not defined. Group R occupancies can occur in a building defined as aCommercial Building. Non-residential occupancies can not, by definition, occur in a Residential Building. People w ithan IBC background – w hen using the IECC-C and encountering the w ord 'residential' are likely to consider one of theGroup R occupancies. People w ith an ASHRAE background, on the other hand, w ill also include such things asnursing home rooms and hospital patient rooms as 'residential'. The result is inconsistent application. This proposal w ould end the issue by defining 'Group R' as those having one of the IBC Group R occupancies thatcan occur in a Commercial building and then it either removes or replaces the w ord 'residential' in variousprovisions. Group R is already used in various places in the code, most notably the building envelope (insulation)assembly tables.

Specif ic amendments:

1. The definitions of entrance door and storefront (a type of door) both have the w ord 'nonresidential' removed. Thetruth is these types of doors are often found on Group R buildings such as hotels and larger apartment buildings. Removal of the term 'non-residential' w ill not change how the fenestration industry considers these doors.AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

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CE157-16 : C403.3-COLLINS11666

2. Section C101.4.1 and R101.4.1 are both now titled Mixed occupancy - but the discussion is not about mixedoccupancy as someone used to the IBC w ould consider a mixed occupancy, but is addressing w hen a buildingmight meet the definitions of Residential Building and Commercial Building. This controls w hich half of the code isused - not provisions w ithin each half of the code.

3. Section C406.7: The text is removed because it is redundant. Group R-2 buildings are residential occupancybuildings.

4. C407.5.2.3 In this case the term Multifamily residential building appeared to be applying to Group R-2 apartmentsand not other types of residential occupancy. If the committee believes this applies to hotels, motels and Group R-4care facilities - then the term Group R should be used instead of Group R-2.

This proposal w as submitted by the ICC Sustainability Energy and High Performance Code Action Committee(SEHPCAC). The SEHPCAC w as established by the ICC Board of Directors to pursue opportunities to improve andenhance International Codes w ith regard to sustainability, energy and high performance as it relates to the builtenvironment included, but not limited to, how these criteria relate to the International Green Construction Code (IgCC)and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). In 2015, the SEHPCAC has held three tw o- or three-dayopen meetings and 25 w orkgroup calls, w hich included members of the SEHPCAC as w ell as any interested parties,to discuss and debate proposed changes and public comments. Related documentation and reports are posted onthe SEHPCAC w ebsite at: http://w w w .iccsafe.org/cs/SEHPCAC/Pages/default.aspx

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe intent of the proposal is editorial in nature. To the extent that people had previously interpreted 'residential' toapply to hospital patient room and nursing home sleeping units, there may be some increase in cost for envelopeinsulation or HVAC systems.

Analysis: This proposal does not impact Chapter 11 of the IRC.


CE178-16IECC: C405, C405.1, C405.2.2, C405.2.3, C405.2.4, C405.4.1.Proponent : David Collins, representing Sustainability, Energy, High Performance Code ActionCommittee

2015 International Energy Conservation CodeSECTION C405 ELECTRICAL POWER AND LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Revise as follows:

C405.1 General (Mandatory). This section covers lighting system controls, the maximumlighting power for interior and exterior applications and electrical energy consumption.

Exception: Dwelling units within commercial buildings shall not be required to complywith Sections C405.2 through C405.5, provided that they comply with Section R404.1.

Dwelling units within multi-family buildings shall comply with Section R404.1. All other dwellingunits shall comply with either Section C405.4 or Section R404.1 for lighting power. Sleepingunits shall comply with either Section C405.4.or Section R404.1 for lighting power and Item 3 ofSection C405.2.4 for lighting controls.. Walk-in coolers, walk-in freezers, refrigerated warehousecoolers and refrigerated warehouse freezers shall comply with Section C403.2.15 or C403.2.16.

C405.2.2 Time-switch controls. Each area of the building that is not provided with occupantsensor controls complying with Section C405.2.1.1 shall be provided with time switch controlscomplying with C405.2.2.1.

Exception: Where a manual control provides light reduction in accordance with SectionC405.2.2.2, automatic controls shall not be required for the following:

1. Sleeping units.2. Spaces where patient care is directly provided.3. Spaces where an automatic shutoff would endanger occupant safety or

security.4. Lighting intended for continuous operation.5. Shop and laboratory classrooms.

1. Spaces where patient care is directly provided.2. Spaces where an automatic shutoff would endanger occupant safety or


C405.2.3 Daylight-responsive controls. Daylight-responsive controls complying with SectionC405.2.3.1 shall be provided to control the electric lights within daylight zones in the followingspaces:

1. Spaces with a total of more than 150 watts of general lighting within sidelight daylightzones complying with Section C405.2.3.2. General lighting does not include lightingthat is required to have specific application control in accordance with SectionC405.2.4.

2. Spaces with a total of more than 150 watts of general lighting within toplight daylightzones complying with Section C405.2.3.3.


Exceptions: Daylight responsive controls are not required for the following:1. Spaces in health care facilities where patient care is directly

provided.2. Dwelling units and sleeping units.3. Lighting that is required to have specific application control in

accordance with Section C405.2.4.4. Sidelight daylight zones on the first floor above grade in Group A-2

and Group M occupancies.

C405.2.4 Specific application controls. Specific application controls shall be provided for thefollowing:

1. Display and accent light shall be controlled by a dedicated control that is independentof the controls for other lighting within the room or space.

2. Lighting in cases used for display case purposes shall be controlled by a dedicatedcontrol that is independent of the controls for other lighting within the room or space.

3. Hotel and motel sleeping Sleeping units and guest suites shall have a master controldevice devices or systems that is capable of automatically switching switch off allinstalled luminaires and switched receptacles within 20 minutes after all occupantsleave have left the room sleeping unit.

Exceptions:Exception: 1. Lighting and switched receptacles controlled by captive keysystems.2. Spaces where patient care is directly provided.

4. Supplemental task lighting, including permanently installed under-shelf or under-cabinet lighting, shall have a control device integral to the luminaires or be controlledby a wall-mounted control device provided that the control device is readilyaccessible.

5. Lighting for nonvisual applications, such as plant growth and food warming, shall becontrolled by a dedicated control that is independent of the controls for other lightingwithin the room or space.

6. Lighting equipment that is for sale or for demonstrations in lighting education shall becontrolled by a dedicated control that is independent of the controls for other lightingwithin the room or space.

C405.4.1 Total connected interior lighting power. The total connected interior lighting powershall be determined in accordance with Equation 4-9.TCLP = [ SL + LV + LTPB + Other] (Equation 4-9)

where:

TCLP = Total connected lighting power (watts).

SL = Labeled wattage of luminaires f or screw-in lamps.

LV = Wattage of the transf ormer supply ing low-v oltage lighting.

LTPB =Wattage of line-v oltage lighting tracks and plugin busway s as the specif ied wattage of the luminaires, but at least 30W/lin. f t. (100 W/lin m), or the wattage limit of the sy stem's circuit breaker, or the wattage limit of other permanentcurrent-limiting dev ices on the sy stem.

Other = The wattage of all other luminaires and lighting sources not cov ered prev iously and associated with interior lightingv erif ied by data supplied by the manuf acturer or other approved sources.

Exceptions:1. The connected power associated with the following lighting equipment is not


included in calculating total connected lighting power.1.1. Professional sports arena playing field lighting.1.2. Lighting in sleeping units, provided that the lighting complies with

Section R404.1.1.3. Emergency lighting automatically off during normal building

operation.1.4. Lighting in spaces specifically designed for use by occupants with

special lighting needs, including those with visual impairment andother medical and age-related issues.

1.5. Lighting in interior spaces that have been specifically designatedas a registered interior historic landmark.

1.6. Casino gaming areas.1.7. Mirror lighting in dressing rooms.

2. Lighting equipment used for the following shall be exempt provided that it is inaddition to general lighting and is controlled by an independent control device:

2.1. Task lighting for medical and dental purposes.2.2. Display lighting for exhibits in galleries, museums and

monuments.3. Lighting for theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production

and video production.4. Lighting for photographic processes.5. Lighting integral to equipment or instrumentation and installed by the

manufacturer.6. Task lighting for plant growth or maintenance.7. Advertising signage or directional signage.8. In restaurant buildings and areas, lighting for food warming or integral to food

preparation equipment.9. Lighting equipment that is for sale.10. Lighting demonstration equipment in lighting education facilities.11. Lighting approvedbecause of safety or emergency considerations, inclusive of

exit lights.12. Lighting integral to both open and glass-enclosed refrigerator and freezer

cases.13. Lighting in retail display windows, provided the display area is enclosed by

ceiling-height partitions.14. Furniture-mounted supplemental task lighting that is controlled by automatic

shutoff.15. Exit signs.

Reason: There is probably no part of the 2015 IECC lighting requirements that is more confusing than the treatmentof sleeping unit and dw elling unit lighting. In the 2015 IECC, sleeping units have the option of either complying w ith the lighting pow er density requirements inTables C405.4.2(1) and C405.4.2(2) or complying w ith Section R404.1. Dw elling units also have this choice, w ithone important clarif ication: there is no category for individual apartment "living" units in multifamily buildings in TableC405.4.2(2), and the lighting w ithin apartment "living" units w as not included in the models w hen the "multifamily"category w as derived in Table C405.4.2(1). Therefore, dw elling units must alw ays be excluded from lighting pow erdensity calculations in multifamily buildings, and R404.1 must be follow ed instead.

Part of this confusion originates w ith the exclusion of dw elling units from the scope of 90.1. This gets baked into thelighting pow er density numbers w hich f ind their w ay into the IECC. For example, w hen the "multifamily" category inTable C405.4.2(1) is derived, it does not include lighting in the apartment units. But w hen the "dormitory" category inthe same table is derived, it does include the lighting w ithin the dormitory units, regardless of w hether these aresleeping units or dw elling units. Very few people know this, and it is almost impossible to decipher from reading the


CE178-16 : C405-COLLINS11593

code.

The second source of confusion is in the structure of the code, w ith numerous exceptions hidden in dif ferentlocations. These requirements do not appear to conflict w ith each other, but you could spend a great deal of timew ith the code book before you uncovered them all.

Most users of the code probably don't realize that w hen Section C405.2.1 requires all rooms 300 square feet or lessto be provided w ith occupant sensor controls, w ith no exception for sleeping or dw elling units. This means thatunder current code many hotel and motel guest rooms, dormitories, patient rooms in hospitals, etc. are required tohave occupant sensor controls. Rather than sending users of the code through the entirety of C405.2, and includingexceptions in every section for dw elling and sleeping units, it makes more sense to consolidate these controlsrequirements in one location. Note that dw elling units w ithin multifamily buildings w ould not need to meet thisrequirement, as they are exempt in C405.1.

Consolidation of these requirements in C405.1 seems to make sense, since these tw o space types really aredifferent, and most of w hat follow s in C405.2 through C405.5 is not applicable.

This proposal w as submitted by the ICC Sustainability Energy and High Performance Code Action Committee(SEHPCAC). The SEHPCAC w as established by the ICC Board of Directors to pursue opportunities to improve andenhance International Codes w ith regard to sustainability, energy and high performance as it relates to the builtenvironment included, but not limited to, how these criteria relate to the International Green Construction Code (IgCC)and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). In 2015 the SEHPCAC has held three tw o- or three-day openmeetings and 25 w orkgroup calls, w hich included members of the SEHPCAC as w ell as any interested parties, todiscuss and debate proposed changes and public comments. Related documentation and reports are posted on theSEHPCAC w ebsite at: http://w w w .iccsafe.org/cs/SEHPCAC/Pages/default.aspx

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe proposal clarif ies the application of lighting controls to dw elling units and sleeping units. The existing text isconfusing and w ill likely result in over use of automatic controls.


CE179-16IECC: C405.1, C405.2.2, C405.2.3, C405.2.4, C405.4.1.Proponent : Jack Bailey, representing International Association of Lighting Designers([email protected])


C405.1 General (Mandatory). This section covers lighting system controls, the maximumlighting power for interior and exterior applications and electrical energy consumption.

Exception: Dwelling units within commercial buildings shall not be required to complywith Sections C405.2 through C405.5, provided that they comply with Section R404.1. Dwelling units within multi-family buildings shall comply with Section R404.1. All otherdwelling units shall comply with either Section R404.1, or with Sections C405.2.4 andC405.4. Sleeping units shall comply with Section C405.2.4, and with either SectionR404.1 or C405.4. Walk-in coolers, walk-in freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolers andrefrigerated warehouse freezers shall comply with Section C403.2.15 or C403.2.16.

Walk-in coolers, walk-in freezers, refrigerated warehouse coolers and refrigerated warehousefreezers shall comply with Section C403.2.15 or C403.2.16.

C405.2.2 Time-switch controls. Each area of the building that is not provided with occupantsensor controls complying with Section C405.2.1.1 shall be provided with time switch controlscomplying with C405.2.2.1.

Exception: Where a manual control provides light reduction in accordance with SectionC405.2.2.2, automatic controls shall not be required for the following:

1. Sleeping units.2. Spaces where patient care is directly provided.3. Spaces where an automatic shutoff would endanger occupant safety or


C405.2.3 Daylight-responsive controls. Daylight-responsive controls complying with SectionC405.2.3.1 shall be provided to control the electric lights within daylight zones in the followingspaces:

1. Spaces with a total of more than 150 watts of general lighting within sidelight daylightzones complying with Section C405.2.3.2. General lighting does not include lightingthat is required to have specific application control in accordance with SectionC405.2.4.

2. Spaces with a total of more than 150 watts of general lighting within toplight daylightzones complying with Section C405.2.3.3.

Exceptions: Daylight responsive controls are not required for the following:1. Spaces in health care facilities where patient care is directly

provided.2. Dwelling units and sleeping units.3. Lighting that is required to have specific application control in

accordance with Section C405.2.4.AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

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4. Sidelight daylight zones on the first floor above grade in Group A-2and Group M occupancies.

C405.2.4 Specific application controls. Specific application controls shall be provided for thefollowing:

1. Display and accent light shall be controlled by a dedicated control that is independentof the controls for other lighting within the room or space.

2. Lighting in cases used for display case purposes shall be controlled by a dedicatedcontrol that is independent of the controls for other lighting within the room or space.

3. Hotel and motel sleeping units and guest suites Sleeping units shall have a mastercontrol device that is capable of automatically switching off all permanently installedluminaires and switched receptacles within 20 minutes after all occupants leave haveleft the room unit.

Exceptions:Exception:1. Lighting and switched receptacles controlled by captive keysystems.2. Spaces where patient care is directly provided.

4. Permanently installed luminaires within dwelling units shall be provided with controlscomplying with either Section C405.2.2.2 or C405.2.1.1.

5. Supplemental task lighting, including permanently installed under-shelf or under-cabinet lighting, shall have a control device integral to the luminaires or be controlledby a wall-mounted control device provided that the control device is readilyaccessible.

6. Lighting for nonvisual applications, such as plant growth and food warming, shall becontrolled by a dedicated control that is independent of the controls for other lightingwithin the room or space.

7. Lighting equipment that is for sale or for demonstrations in lighting education shall becontrolled by a dedicated control that is independent of the controls for other lightingwithin the room or space.

C405.4.1 Total connected interior lighting power. The total connected interior lighting powershall be determined in accordance with Equation 4-9.TCLP = [ SL + LV + LTPB + Other] (Equation 4-9)

where:

TCLP = Total connected lighting power (watts).

SL = Labeled wattage of luminaires f or screw-in lamps.

LV = Wattage of the transf ormer supply ing low-v oltage lighting.

LTPB =Wattage of line-v oltage lighting tracks and plugin busway s as the specif ied wattage of the luminaires, but at least 30W/lin. f t. (100 W/lin m), or the wattage limit of the sy stem's circuit breaker, or the wattage limit of other permanentcurrent-limiting dev ices on the sy stem.

Other = The wattage of all other luminaires and lighting sources not cov ered prev iously and associated with interior lightingv erif ied by data supplied by the manuf acturer or other approved sources.

Exceptions:1. The connected power associated with the following lighting equipment is not

included in calculating total connected lighting power.1.1. Professional sports arena playing field lighting.1.2. Lighting in sleeping units, provided that the lighting complies with

Section R404.1.AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

1.3. Emergency lighting automatically off during normal buildingoperation.

1.4. Lighting in spaces specifically designed for use by occupants withspecial lighting needs, including those with visual impairment andother medical and age-related issues.

1.5. Lighting in interior spaces that have been specifically designatedas a registered interior historic landmark.

1.6. Casino gaming areas.1.7. Mirror lighting in dressing rooms.

2. Lighting equipment used for the following shall be exempt provided that it is inaddition to general lighting and is controlled by an independent control device:

2.1. Task lighting for medical and dental purposes.2.2. Display lighting for exhibits in galleries, museums and

monuments.3. Lighting for theatrical purposes, including performance, stage, film production

and video production.4. Lighting for photographic processes.5. Lighting integral to equipment or instrumentation and installed by the

manufacturer.6. Task lighting for plant growth or maintenance.7. Advertising signage or directional signage.8. In restaurant buildings and areas, lighting for food warming or integral to food

preparation equipment.9. Lighting equipment that is for sale.10. Lighting demonstration equipment in lighting education facilities.11. Lighting approvedbecause of safety or emergency considerations, inclusive of

exit lights.12. Lighting integral to both open and glass-enclosed refrigerator and freezer

cases.13. Lighting in retail display windows, provided the display area is enclosed by

ceiling-height partitions.14. Furniture-mounted supplemental task lighting that is controlled by automatic

shutoff.15. Exit signs.

Reason: There is probably no part of the 2015 IECC lighting requirements that is more confusing than the treatmentof sleeping unit and dw elling unit lighting.In the 2015 IECC, sleeping units have the option of either complying w ith the lighting pow er density requirements inTables C405.4.2(1) and C405.4.2(2) or complying w ith Section R404.1. Sleeping units must alw ays comply w ith thecontrols requirements in the code, so that they must be provided w ith occupant sensors in all spaces 300 sf or less,and light reduction controls in all other spaces. Please keep in mind that hospital patient rooms are consideredsleeping units. The proposed re-w rite in C405.2.4 eliminates the requirement for automatic controls in hospital patientrooms, and also allow s captive key systems to be used in other types of sleeping units in lieu of occupant sensors.

Dw elling units also have the choice of either complying w ith the lighting pow er density requirements in TablesC405.4.2(1) and C405.4.2(2) or complying w ith Section R404.1. How ever, dw elling units w hich choose to complyw ith the lighting pow er density requirements in the code are also required to have automatic shutoff in every room,using either occupant sensors or time-sw itch controls. One important effect of this proposal w ould be to replace thecontrols requriements for dw elling units follow ing the "lighting pow er density" compliance path w ith a requirementthat all lights w ithin the units either be connected to "light reduction controls" complying w ith C405.2.2.2 oroccupanct sensors complying w ith C405.2.1.1. Please keep in mind that this is a reduction in stringency comparedto the current code, w hich requires automatic shutoff in all spaces.

An important clarif ication is also provided for dw elling units in multifamily buildings. There is no category for individualAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

CE179-16 : C405.1-BAILEY12806

apartment "living" units in multifamily buildings in Table C405.4.2(2), and the lighting w ithin apartment "living" unitsw as not included in the PNNL models w hen the "multifamily" category w as derived in Table C405.4.2(1). Therefore,dw elling units should alw ays be excluded from lighting pow er density calculations in multifamily buildings, andR404.1 should be follow ed instead. Very few people understand this, and it is almost impossible to decipher byreading the code.

Finally, the structure of the code is quite confusing in how it deals w ith sleeping units and dw elling units, w ithnumerous exceptions and qualif ications hidden in dif ferent locations. These requirements do not appear to conflictw ith each other, but you could spend a great deal of time w ith the code book before you uncovered them all. Ratherthan sending users of the code through the entirety of C405.2, and including exceptions in every section fordw elling and sleeping units, it makes more sense to provide an overview of these requirements in one location, byproviding guidance in C405.1.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of construction

By eliminating some controls requirements in sleeping and dwelling units theoverall cost of construction would be reduced.


CE205-16IECC: C405.4.2.Proponent : Jack Bailey, One Lux Studio, representing International Association of Lighting Designers([email protected])


TABLE C405.4.2 (1) INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: BUILDING AREA METHOD

BUILDING AREA TYPE LPD (w/ft2)

Automotiv e f acility 0.80

Conv ention center 1.01

Courthouse 1.01

Dining: bar lounge/leisure 1.01

Dining: caf eteria/f ast f ood 0.9

Dining: f amily 0.95

Dormitory (a,b) 0.57

Exercise center 0.84

Fire station (a) 0.67

Gy mnasium 0.94

Health care clinic 0.90

Hospital (a) 1.05

Hotel/Motel (a,b) 0.87

Library 1.19


Manuf acturing f acility 1.17

Motion picture theater 0.76

Multif amily (c) 0.51

Museum 1.02

Of f ice 0.82

Parking garage 0.21

Penitentiary 0.81

Perf orming arts theater 1.39

Police station 0.87

Post of f ice 0.87

Religious building 1.0

Retail 1.26

School/univ ersity 0.87

Sports arena 0.91

Town hall 0.89

Transportation 0.70

Warehouse 0.66

Workshop 1.19

a. Where sleeping units are excluded from lighting power calculations by application of R404.1, neitherthe area of the sleeping units nor the wattage of lighting in the sleeping units is counted.b. Where dwelling units are excluded from lighting power calculations by application of R404.1, neitherthe area of the dwelling units nor the wattage of lighting in the dwelling units is counted.c. Dwelling units are excluded. Neither the area of the dwelling units nor the wattage of lighting in thedwelling units is counted.

TABLE C405.4.2 (2) AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD

COMMON SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft)

Atrium

Less than 40 f eet in height 0.03 per f oot in total height

Greater than 40 f eet in height 0.40 + 0.02 per f oot in total height

Audience seating area

In an auditorium 0.63

In a conv ention center 0.82

In a gy mnasium 0.65

In a motion picture theater 1.14

In a penitentiary 0.28

In a perf orming arts theater 2.43

In a religious building 1.53

In a sports arena 0.43

Otherwise 0.43

Banking activ ity area 1.01

Breakroom (See Lounge/Breakroom)

Classroom/lecture hall/training room


Otherwise 1.24

Conf erence/meeting/multipurpose room 1.23


Copy /print room 0.72

Corridor

In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f )b 0.92

In a hospital 0.79

In a manuf acturing f acility 0.41

Otherwise 0.66

Courtroom 1.72

Computer room 1.71

Dining area



In bar/lounge or leisure dining 1.07

In caf eteria or f ast f ood dining 0.65

In f amily dining 0.89

Otherwise 0.65

Electrical/mechanical room 0.95

Emergency v ehicle garage 0.56


Food preparation area 1.21

Guest room (c,d) 0.47AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Laboratory

In or as a classroom 1.43

Otherwise 1.81

Laundry /washing area 0.6

Loading dock, interior 0.47

Lobby


For an elev ator 0.64

In a hotel 1.06


In a perf orming arts theater 2.0

Otherwise 0.9

Locker room 0.75

Lounge/breakroom

In a healthcare f acility 0.92

Otherwise 0.73

Of f ice

Enclosed 1.11

Open plan 0.98

Parking area, interior 0.19


Pharmacy area 1.68

Restroom

In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f b 1.21

Otherwise 0.98

Sales area 1.59

Seating area, general 0.54

Stairway (See space containing stairway )

Stairwell 0.69

Storage room 0.63

Vehicular maintenance area 0.67

Workshop 1.59

BUILDING TYPE SPECIFIC SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft)

Facility f or the v isually impairedb

In a chapel (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.21

In a recreation room (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.41

Automotiv e (See Vehicular Maintenance Area abov e)

Conv ention Center—exhibit space 1.45

Dormitory —liv ing quarters (c,d) 0.38

Fire Station—sleeping quarters (c) 0.22

Gy mnasium/f itness center


In an exercise area 0.72

In a play ing area 1.2


healthcare facility

In an exam/treatment room 1.66

In an imaging room 1.51

In a medical supply room 0.74

In a nursery 0.88

In a nurse's station 0.71

In an operating room 2.48

In a patient room (c) 0.62

In a phy sical therapy room 0.91

In a recov ery room 1.15

Library

In a reading area 1.06

In the stacks 1.71

Manuf acturing f acility

In a detailed manuf acturing area 1.29

In an equipment room 0.74

In an extra high bay area (greater than 50′ f loor-to-ceiling height) 1.05


In a high bay area (25-50′ f loor-to-ceiling height) 1.23

In a low bay area (less than 25'' f loor-to- ceiling height) 1.19

Museum

In a general exhibition area 1.05

In a restoration room 1.02

Perf orming arts theater—dressing room 0.61

Post Of f ice—Sorting Area 0.94

Religious buildings

In a f ellowship hall 0.64

In a worship/pulpit/choir area 1.53

Retail f acilities

In a dressing/f itting room 0.71

In a mall concourse 1.1

Sports arena—play ing area

For a Class I f acility 3.68

For a Class II f acility 2.4

For a Class III f acility 1.8

For a Class IV f acility 1.2

Transportation f acility

In a baggage/carousel area 0.53

In an airport concourse 0.36AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

CE205-16 : TABLE C405.4.2-BAILEY12048

At a terminal ticket counter 0.8

Warehouse—storage area

For medium to bulky , palletized items 0.58

For smaller, hand-carried items 0.95

a. In cases where both a common space ty pe and a building area specif ic space ty pe are listed, the building area specif ic spacety pe shall apply

b. A 'Facility f or the Visually Impaired' is a f acility that is licensed or will be licensed by local or state authorities f or senior long-term care, adult day care, senior support or people with special v isual needs.

c. Where sleeping units are excluded from lighting power calculations by application of R404.1, neitherthe area of the sleeping units nor the wattage of lighting in the sleeping units is counted.d. Where dwelling units are excluded from lighting power calculations by application of R404.1, neitherthe area of the dwelling units nor the wattage of lighting in the dwelling units is counted.

Reason: The treatment of dw elling and sleeping units is one of the most commonly misunderstood parts of C405.To begin w ith, users have the option of either including dw elling and sleeping unit lighting w ithin their lighting pow ercalculations, or follow ing the "high eff icacy lighting" compliance path in R404.1. This choice is not clearly spelledout, as these options are incorporated in very dif ferent parts of the code, and a casual user could easily miss them.

Another problem is that many users of the code believe that they are supposed to include the area of sleeping anddw elling units w hen determining their lighting pow er allow ance for the building, but that they should exclude thew attage of lighting in those units w hen calculating their connected lighting pow er. This creates a huge loophole, andis not the intent of the code, although it is also not clearly prohibited anyw here.

The last problem is that dw elling units are alw ays excluded from the scope of Standard 90.1, and w hen PNNLderives the LPD values for 90.1 they do not include the lighting w ithin dw elling units in building types w hich havedw elling units. This is not such a big problem for hotels, motels, and dormitories, but it is a signif icant issue formultifamily buildings, w here 90% or more of the f loor area may be located w ithin dw elling units.

This proposal w ould add clarifying footnotes to the LPD Tables to result in a more consistent use and application ofthe code.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of construction This proposal is a clarif ication w hich does not add any new requirements to the code or delete any existingrequirements.


CE206-16IECC: C405.4.2.Proponent : Glenn Heinmiller, Lam Partners, representing International Association of LightingDesigners ([email protected])


TABLE C405.4.2 (1) INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: BUILDING AREA METHOD

BUILDING AREA TYPE LPD (w/ft2)

Automotiv e f acility 0.80 0.71

Conv ention center 1.01 0.76

Courthouse 1.010.90

Dining: bar lounge/leisure 1.010.90

Dining: caf eteria/f ast f ood 0.90.79

Dining: f amily 0.950.78

Dormitory 0.570.61

Exercise center 0.840.65

Fire station 0.670.53

Gy mnasium 0.940.68

Health care clinic 0.900.82

Hospital 1.05

Hotel/Motel 0.870.75

Library 1.190.78

Manuf acturing f acility 1.170.90AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Motion picture theater 0.760.83

Multif amily 0.510.68

Museum 1.021.06

Of f ice 0.820.79

Parking garage 0.210.15

Penitentiary 0.810.75

Perf orming arts theater 1.391.18

Police station 0.870.80

Post of f ice 0.870.67

Religious building 1.00.94

Retail 1.261.06

School/univ ersity 0.870.81

Sports arena 0.910.87

Town hall 0.890.80

Transportation 0.700.61

Warehouse 0.660.48

Workshop 1.190.90

TABLE C405.4.2 (2) INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD


AtriumAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163









In a perf orming arts theater 2.432.03



Otherwise 0.43

Banking activ ity area 1.01 0.86




Otherwise 1.240.96

Conf erence/meeting/multipurpose room 1.231.07

Copy /print room 0.720.56

Corridor



In a hospital 0.790.92

In a manuf acturing f acility 0.410.29

Otherwise 0.66

Courtroom 1.721.39

Computer room 1.711.33

Dining area


In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f )b 1.92.00

In bar/lounge or leisure dining 1.070.93

In caf eteria or f ast f ood dining 0.650.63

In f amily dining 0.890.71

Otherwise 0.650.63

Electrical/mechanical room 0.950.43

Emergency v ehicle garage 0.560.41


Food preparation area 1.21 1.06

Guest room 0.470.77

Laboratory

In or as a classroom 1.431.20


Otherwise 1.811.45

Laundry /washing area 0.60.43

Loading dock, interior 0.470.58

Lobby

In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f )b 1.82.03

For an elev ator 0.640.68

In a hotel 1.06

In a motion picture theater 0.590.45

In a perf orming arts theater 2.01.70

Otherwise 0.91.0

Locker room 0.750.48

Lounge/breakroom

In a healthcare f acility 0.920.78

Otherwise 0.730.62

Of f ice

Enclosed 1.110.93

Open plan 0.980.81

Parking area, interior 0.190.14

Pharmacy area 1.681.34

Restroom

In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f b 1.210.96AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

Otherwise 0.980.85

Sales area 1.591.22

Seating area, general 0.540.42


Stairwell 0.690.58

Storage room 0.630.46

Vehicular maintenance area 0.670.56

Workshop 1.591.14



In a chapel (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.211.06

In a recreation room (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.411.80


Conv ention Center—exhibit space 1.450.88

Dormitory —liv ing quarters 0.380.54

Fire Station—sleeping quarters 0.220.20


In an exercise area 0.720.50

In a play ing area 1.20.82



healthcare facility

In an exam/treatment room 1.661.68

In an imaging room 1.511.06

In a medical supply room 0.740.54

In a nursery 0.881.00

In a nurse's station 0.710.81

In an operating room 2.482.17

In a patient room 0.62

In a phy sical therapy room 0.910.84

In a recov ery room 1.151.03

Library

In a reading area 1.060.82

In the stacks 1.711.20


In a detailed manuf acturing area 1.290.93

In an equipment room 0.740.65


In a high bay area (25-50′ f loor-to-ceiling height) 1.230.75

In a low bay area (less than 25'' f loor-to- ceiling height) 1.190.96

Museum


In a general exhibition area 1.05

In a restoration room 1.020.85

Perf orming arts theater—dressing room 0.610.36

Post Of f ice—Sorting Area 0.940.68

Religious buildings

In a f ellowship hall 0.640.55


Retail f acilities

In a dressing/f itting room 0.710.50

In a mall concourse 1.10.90

Sports arena—play ing area

For a Class I f acility 3.682.47

For a Class II f acility 2.41.96

For a Class III f acility 1.81.70

For a Class IV f acility 1.2 1.13


In a baggage/carousel area 0.530.45

In an airport concourse 0.360.31

At a terminal ticket counter 0.80.62



CE206-16 : TABLE C405.4.2-HEINMILLER12068

For medium to bulky , palletized items 0.580.35

For smaller, hand-carried items 0.950.69



Reason: This proposal revises the Lighting Pow er Density (LPD) allow ances to be appropriate for currentlyavailable lighting technology. The values in this proposal are identical to those in Addendum ch to ASHRAE/IESStandard 90.1 after the second public review draft. These values w ere developed by PNNL/DOE and approved bythe ASHRAE/IES 90.1 Lighting Subcommittee for inclusion in Standard 90.1 - 2016 and are derived from the PNN/DOElighting models that have been used for the development of the LPDs in previous versions of Standard 90.1. LEDtechnology w as used in the models for the f irst time and this is the main reason for the signif icant reduction in theallow ances.The IALD has supported, and continues to support, the PNNL/DOE LPD modeling process as the best availablemethod for developing appropriate lighting pow er allow ances for energy codes. We participated in thedevelopment of these new values through our representation on the 90.1 lighting subcommittee and throughthe ANSI/ASHRAE/IES public review commenting process. We believe that these values w ill reduce the energy useof our buildings w hile still allow ing high-quality interior lighting to be provided.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionCurrently, LED fixtures cost more than f luorescent f ixtures. So as of today, this proposal w ould increase the costof construction because it w ill require the use of more LED fixtures. But the effect on cost of construction w henIECC-2018 goes into effect w ill be much less because w e expect the cost of LED fixtures to continue to decline.Even though the initial cost of construction may be higher, the use of LED fixtures w ill be cost effective due to thelow er energy use and reduced maintenance costs of LEDs. This is already the case today according to DOEanalysis. It w ill only improve as LED costs come dow n.


CE208-16IECC: C405.4.2.Proponent : Jeremiah Williams ([email protected])


TABLE C405.4.2 C405.4.2(1) (1) INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: BUILDING AREA METHOD

BUILDING AREA TYPE LPD (wW/ft2)

Automotiv e f acility 0.80 0.71

Conv ention center 1.01 0.76

Courthouse 1.01 0.90

Dining: bar lounge/leisure 1.01 0.90

Dining: caf eteria/f ast f ood 0.9 0.79

Dining: f amily 0.95 0.78

Dormitory 0.57 0.61

Exercise center 0.84 0.65

Fire station 0.67 0.53

Gy mnasium 0.94 0.68

Health care clinic 0.90 0.82

Hospital 1.05

Hotel/Motel 0.87 0.75

Library 1.19 0.78

Manuf acturing f acility 1.17 0.90


Motion picture theater 0.76 0.83

Multif amily 0.51 0.68

Museum 1.02 1.06

Of f ice 0.82 0.79

Parking garage 0.21 0.15

Penitentiary 0.81 0.75

Perf orming arts theater 1.39 1.18

Police station 0.87 0.80

Post of f ice 0.87 0.67

Religious building 1.0 0.94

Retail 1.26 1.06

School/univ ersity 0.87 0.81

Sports arena 0.91 0.87

Town hall 0.89 0.80

Transportation 0.70 0.61

Warehouse 0.66 0.48

Workshop 1.19 0.90

For SI units: W/m2 = 10.76 • W/f t2.

W = watts.

TABLE C405.4.2 C405.4.2(2) (2) INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES: SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD

COMMON SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft) (W/ft2)


Atrium









In a perf orming arts theater 2.43 2.03



Otherwise 0.43

Banking activ ity area 1.01 0.86




Otherwise 1.24 0.96

Conf erence/meeting/multipurpose room 1.23 1.07

Copy /print room 0.72 0.56

Corridor



In a hospital 0.79 0.92

In a manuf acturing f acility 0.41 0.29

Otherwise 0.66

Courtroom 1.72 1.39

Computer room 1.71 1.33

Dining area


In a f acility f or the v isually impaired (and not used primarily by the staf f )b 1.9 2.00

In bar/lounge or leisure dining 1.07 0.93

In caf eteria or f ast f ood dining 0.65 0.63

In f amily dining 0.89 0.71

Otherwise 0.65 0.63

Electrical/mechanical room 0.95 0.43

Emergency v ehicle garage 0.56 0.41

COMMON SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft) (W/ft2)

Food preparation area 1.21 1.06

Guest room 0.47 0.77

Laboratory

In or as a classroom 1.43 1.20AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

Otherwise 1.81 1.45

Laundry /washing area 0.6 0.43

Loading dock, interior 0.47 0.58

Lobby


For an elev ator 0.64 0.68

In a hotel 1.06

In a motion picture theater 0.59 0.45

In a perf orming arts theater 2.0 1.70

Otherwise 0.9 1.00

Locker room 0.75 0.48

Lounge/breakroom

In a healthcare f acility 0.92 0.78

Otherwise 0.73 0.62

Of f ice

Enclosed 1.11 0.93

Open plan 0.98 0.81

Parking area, interior 0.19 0.14

Pharmacy area 1.68 1.34

Restroom



Otherwise 0.98 0.85

Sales area 1.59 1.22

Seating area, general 0.54 0.42


Stairwell 0.69 0.58

Storage room 0.63 0.46

Vehicular maintenance area 0.67 0.56

Workshop 1.59 1.14

BUILDING TYPE SPECIFIC SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft) (W/ft2)


In a chapel (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.21 1.06

In a recreation room (and not used primarily by the staf f ) 2.41 1.80


Conv ention Center—exhibit space 1.45 0.88

Dormitory —liv ing quarters 0.38 0.54

Fire Station—sleeping quarters 0.22 0.20


In an exercise area 0.72 0.50

In a play ing area 1.2 0.82

AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

BUILDING TYPE SPECIFIC SPACE TYPESa LPD (watts/sq.ft) (W/ft2)

healthcare facility

In an exam/treatment room 1.66 1.68

In an imaging room 1.51 1.06

In a medical supply room 0.74 0.54

In a nursery 0.88 1.00

In a nurse's station 0.71 0.81

In an operating room 2.48 2.17

In a patient room 0.62

In a phy sical therapy room 0.91 0.84

In a recov ery room 1.15 1.03

Library

In a reading area 1.06 0.82

In the stacks 1.71 1.20


In a detailed manuf acturing area 1.29 0.93

In an equipment room 0.74 0.65


In a high bay area (25-50′ f loor-to-ceiling height) 1.23 0.75

In a low bay area (less than 25'' f loor-to- ceiling height) 1.19 0.96

Museum AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

In a general exhibition area 1.05 1.05

In a restoration room 1.02 0.85

Perf orming arts theater—dressing room 0.61 0.36

Post Of f ice—Sorting Area 0.94 0.68

Religious buildings

In a f ellowship hall 0.64 0.55


Retail f acilities

In a dressing/f itting room 0.71 0.50

In a mall concourse 1.1 0.90

Sports arena—play ing areac

For a Class I f acility 3.68 2.47

For a Class II f acility 2.4 1.96

For a Class III f acility 1.8 1.70

For a Class IV f acility 1.2 1.13


In a baggage/carousel area 0.53 0.45

In an airport concourse 0.36 0.31

At a terminal ticket counter 0.8 0.62



For medium to bulky , palletized items 0.58 0.35

For smaller, hand-carried items 0.95 0.69



c. Class of play as defined in IES RP-6.For SI units: W/m2 = 10.76 • W/f t2. W/m in height = 3.281 • W/f oot in height.

W = watts.

Reference standards type: This reference standard is new to the ICC Code Books Add new standard(s) as follows: Add to Chapter 6 under IES:IES RP-6 (2015) Recommended Practice for Sports and Recreational Area Lighting . . . . . TableC405.4.2(2)Reason: This proposed change modif ies the interior lighting pow er allow ance for both space-by-space and buildingarea methods by using Light Emitting Diode (LED) as the base technology in the lighting systems modeling analysis.PNNL review ed current product availability, eff icacy, distribution capability, and cost. In cases w here LED fixturesw ere available and capable of replacing a current technology product, their eff icacy w as included in the spacemodels. Not all f ixtures in the models are replaced w ith LED technology as in some cases there w ere not suff icientLED products or the LED technology w as not specif ically suited for the expected task. The proposal matches thesecond public review of addendum CH to ASHRAE standard 90.1. Overall the w eighted average of lighting pow erdensities (LPD) w as reduced. In the process of developing the addendum and responding to comments on the f irstaddendum, the lighting subcommittee of the ASHRAE 90.1 Standing Standards Project Committee revised lightingpow er densities based on reasonably conservative inclusion of more eff icient lighting technology in their standardspace models. Where appropriate, the space models LPD is revised as show n in Table C405.4.2(2). Then thebuilding LPD tables are revised based on the space changes. In this process, four building types had smallincreases compared w ith the prior 90.1-2013 LPDs:

The museum and motion picture theatre building type LPDs increased primarily because of the changes inthe electric/mechanical room and elevator lobby space types. None of the other space types that make upthe majority of the space in a museum (primarily exhibition space) and motion picture theatre (audienceseating) had any signif icant reductions to offset the increases in these tw o space types. Theelectric/mechanical room and elevator lobby space type changes w ere a result of subcommitteediscussions and analysis of comment responses that resulted in changes to the lighting models to morefairly represent the lighting pow er needed for the functions in these spaces.The multi-family building type LPD also w ent up slightly because of the changes in the electric/ mechanicalroom and elevator lobby space types. The multi-family building type includes only the common spaces sinceprivate dw elling spaces are exempt. Therefore, the electric/mechanical room and elevator lobby spacestake up a more signif icant portion of the building areas.The dormitory building type LPD also w ent up because of the changes in the dormitory room space type.The dormitory building type is dominated by the dormitory room space type and therefore, the w hole buildingvalue w ent up. The dorm room space type increased based on subcommittee changes to the model to betterrepresent realistic current design practice w hich caused an increase in the pow er needed to effectivelylight that space type.

With the exception of the noted building LPDs, all other building LPDs w ere reduced or remained the same.

In addition to LPD revisions, SI conversion factors are added to footnotes, and table headings are madeconsistent as "W/ft2." A IES reference for the different sporting facility classes is added, as these are not defined inthe standard.

Energy Savings: An analysis of energy impact show s that annual savings from interior lighting pow er allow ancereduction in the proposal ranges from $10 to $126 per thousand square feet of f loor area in off ices and stand aloneretail buildings respectively in Climate Zone 8. Other climate zones w ill have greater savings, as there w ill be less


CE208-16 : TABLE C405.4.2-WILLIAMS12244

heating impact. More details are found in the cost-effectiveness analysis referenced in the cost impact section.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) develops its proposals through a public process to ensure transparency,objectivity and consistency in DOE-proposed code changes. Energy savings and cost impacts are assessed basedon established methods and reported for each proposal, as applicable. More information on the process utilized todevelop the DOE proposals for the 2018 IECC can be found at:https://w w w .energycodes.gov/development/2018IECC.

Bibliography:

1. U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. May 2014. "LED & Convetnional Lighting Systems ComparisonStudy." http://w w w .cfm.va.gov/til/studies/LEDStudy.pdf.

2. Hart, R., and Liu, B. (2015). Methodology for Evaluating Cost-effectiveness of Commercial Energy CodeChanges. Pacif ic Northw est National Laboratories for U.S. Department of Energy; Energy Eff iciency &Renew able Energy. PNNL-23923 Rev1.https://w w w .energycodes.gov/development/commercial/methodology.

3. Richman, E., S. Loper, J. Zhang and R. Hart. December 2015. "Cost-effectiveness Analysis of ReducingInterior Lighting Allow ances." https://w w w .energycodes.gov/development/2018IECC.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of construction The LED fixtures for use in interior light f ixtures provide more lighting at a low er energy use. LEDs have a highercost per lamp, but their expected life is longer, so their overall cost is low er. A study1 completed in 2014 by the U.S.Department of Veterans Affairs found that LED fixtures w ere cost-effective in most facility applications. LED pricesare expected to continue to decrease, making this technology increasingly cost-effective. Cost-effectiveness: PNNL performed a cost-effectiveness analysis using The established DOEmethodology.2 Results of the cost-effectiveness analysis show ed that the savings-to-investment ratio (SIR) w asinfinite for typical retail establishments, as the present value of costs w as negative due to a reduction in lampreplacement costs. A proposal is cost-effective w hen the SIR is greater than 1.0, indicating that the present value ofsavings is greater than the incremental cost. The complete cost-effectiveness analysis is available at:https://w w w .energycodes.gov/development/2018IECC.3

Analysis: A review of the standard(s) proposed for inclusion in the code, IES RP-6, w ith regard to the ICC criteriaforreferenced standards (Section 3.6 of CP#28) w ill be posted on the ICC w ebsite on or before April 1, 2015.


CE225-16IECC: , C405.10 (New).Proponent : jim edelson, representing New Buildings Institute ([email protected])

2015 International Energy Conservation CodeAdd new text as follows:

C405.10 Energy distribution design and load type isolation in buildings. Energydistribution systems within, on, or adjacent to and serving a building shall be designed such thateach primary circuit, panel, feeder, piping system and supply mechanism supplies only oneenergy use category as defined in Table 405.10. The energy use type served by each distributionsystem shall be designated on the energy distribution system, and space shall be provided forinstallation of metering equipment or other data collection devices, temporary or permanent, tomeasure their energy use. The energy distribution system shall be designed to facilitate thecollection of data for each of the energy use categories in Table 405.10. Where there are multiplebuildings on a building site, each building shall comply separately with the provisions of Section405.10. Exceptions:

1. Buildings designed and constructed such that the total usage of each of the energyuse categories in Table 405.10 is measured through the use of installed meters orother equivalent methods as approved.

2. Buildings less than 25000 square feet in total building floor area.3. Up to 5% of the load for each energy end use described in Table 405.10 shall be

allowed to be from other energy use types.4. Within Group I-2 occupancies, loads connected to critical life, safety and equipment

branches shall be monitored independently or in the aggregate.

TABLE C405.10 ENERGY USE CATEGORIES

Load category Description of Energy Use

HVAC loads All energy used to heat, cool, andprovide ventilation to the buildingincluding fans, pumps, boilerenergy, chiller energy and hotwater used for space conditioning.

Lighting loads All lighting energy used within thebuilding.

Plug loads All energy used by devices,AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

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appliances and equipmentconnected to conveniencereceptacle outlets.

Process loads Any single load that is notincluded in the HVAC, lighting, orplug load category that exceeds 5percent of the peak connectedload of the whole buildingincluding data centers,manufacturing equipment andcommercial kitchens.

Building operations and other miscellaneous loads

All energy used for buildingoperations and othermiscellaneous loads not includedin HVAC, Lighting, Plug, andProcess load categories includingvertical transportation systems,automatic doors, motorizedshading systems, ornamentalfountains and fireplaces,swimming pools, inground spas,snow-melt systems, and exteriorlighting that is mounted on thebuilding or used to illuminatebuilding facades.

Reason: The commercial provisions of the 2015 IgCC and ASHRAE 90.1-2013 both include provisions that addressseparation of load types and submetering based on those load types. ASHRAE 90.1 sets a threshold of 25000square feet for these requirements. The IgCC also sets a threshold of 25000 square feet for the submetering, butrequires load segregation in the design of electrical systems to facilitate future monitoring of those loads in allbuldings. The success of the IECC in improving the performance of energy components has increased the importance ofoperations in achieving additional performance gains. Improving operations is dependent on good feedback aboutenergy usage to operators and occupants. As building performance becomes more dependent on usage data, andthe processing and use of this data becomes more w idespread, it is important that in buildings designed for manydecades to come the electrical systems be designed to provide actionable energy use data. Since neither loadsegregation nor submetering are required in the 2015 IECC, this proposal adds the language from the 2015 IgCC thatrequires buildings to at least have their electrical systems designed to accommodate future monitoring of load typeenergy use, w hile adding the 5% exception based on the 90.1 approach.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

CE225-16 : C405.10 (NEW)-EDELSON12404

This proposal w ill result in a nominal increase in construction cost. It represents a change in practice only forbuilding designs that do not already employ this or a similar distribution scheme. Most buildings in the size classsubject to this requirement already have distribution systems that employ feeders and sub-panels. These buildingsw ill need to have their distribution system designed differently so that the configuration of feeders and sub-panelsfollow s the required load segregation scheme instead of a dif ferent distribution scheme. There may be minorincreased cost from the need to install additional dedicated sub-panels or feeders. The 5% load mixing exemptionshould eliminate most instances of the need for long dedicated runs for isolated heterogeneous loads (eg, a light in aremote HVAC equipment room).


CE234-16IECC: C406.1, C406.7, C406.7.1.Proponent : Steven Rosenstock, representing Edison Electric Institute ([email protected])


C406.1 Requirements. Buildings shall comply with at least one of the following:

1. More efficient HVAC performance in accordance with Section C406.2.2. Reduced lighting power density system in accordance with Section C406.3.3. Enhanced lighting controls in accordance with Section C406.4.4. On-site supply of renewable energy in accordance with Section C406.5.5. Provision of a dedicated outdoor air system for certain HVAC equipment in

accordance with Section C406.6.6. High-efficiency service water heating in accordance with Section C406.7.


C406.7 Reduced energy use in service water heating. Buildings shall be of the followingtypes to use this compliance method:

1. Group R-1: Boarding houses, hotels or motels.2. Group I-2: Hospitals, psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes.3. Group A-2: Restaurants and banquet halls or buildings containing food preparation

areas.4. Group F: Laundries.5. Group R-2: Buildings with residential occupancies.6. Group A-3: Health clubs and spas.7. Buildings showing a service hot water load of 10 percent or more of total building

energy loads, as shown with an energy analysis as described in Section C407.

C406.7.1 Load fraction. The building service water-heating system shall have one or more ofthe following that are sized to provide not less than 60 percent of hot water requirements, or sizedto provide 100 percent of hot water requirements if the building shall otherwise comply withSection C403.4.7:

1. Waste heat recovery from service hot water, heat- recovery chillers, buildingequipment, process equipment, or a combined heat and power system.

2. Solar water-heating systems.

Reason: This option should be deleted since it is not available to all commercial buildings, but only a subset ofbuildings. A review of CBECS 2012 data, w hich can be found athttp://w w w .eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/#b4, show s that for building types that cannot use thisoption (off ices, w arehouse & storage, mercantile/retail, religious w orship, public assembly, and public order &safety) comprise approximately 58.6% of the total number of buildings in the US, and approximately 59.6% of thecommercial f loorspace.In other w ords, for a large majority of buildings, this is not an eff iciency option, w hile other eff iciency options areavailable to 100% of the commercial buildings in the US.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

CE234-16 : C406.1-ROSENSTOCK11782

Removing this option does not change the requirement for an additional eff iciency or renew able energy supplyrequirement in Section C406. As a result, it does not increase construction costs.


F77-16IFC: 604.6, 604.6.1, 604.6.1.1, 604.6.2, 604.6.2.1.Proponent : Jeffrey Shapiro, representing National Multifamily Housing Council([email protected])

2015 International Fire CodeRevise as follows:

604.6 1031.10 Emergency lighting equipment inspection and testing. Emergency lightingshall be maintained in accordance with Section 107 and shall be inspected and tested inaccordance with Sections 604.6.1 through 604.6.2.1 1031.10.1 and 1031.10.2.

604.6.1 1031.10.1 Activation test. An activationEmergency lighting equipment shall be tested monthly for a duration of not less than 30 seconds. The test shall be performed manually or by an automated self-testing and self-diagnostic routine.Where testing is performed by self-testing and self-diagnostics, a visual inspection of theemergency lighting equipment shall be completed conducted monthly to identify any equipmentdisplaying a trouble indicator or that has become damaged or otherwise impaired. The activationtest shall ensure the emergency lighting activates automatically upon normal electricaldisconnect and stays sufficiently illuminated for not less than 30 seconds.

604.6.2 1031.10.2 Power test. For battery-powered emergency lighting, a power test of theBattery-powered emergency lighting equipment shall be completed tested annually. The byoperating equipment on battery power test shall operate the emergency lighting for not less than90 minutes and shall remain sufficiently illuminated for the duration of the test.


604.6.1.1 Activation test record. Records of tests shall be maintained. The record shallinclude the location of the emergency lighting tested, whether the unit passed or failed, the dateof the test and the person completing the test.

604.6.2.1 Power test record. Records of tests shall be maintained. The record shall includethe location of the emergency lighting tested, whether the unit passed or failed, the date of thetest and the person completing the test.

Reason: This proposal addresses several issues w ith the current provisions for inspection and testing ofemergency lighting, w hich w as added to the 2012 edition of the IFC by proposal F35-09/10. In retrospect, it hasbecome clear that the provisions in this section are more appropriately located in Chapter 10, since they relate tomaintenance of emergency illumination for means of egress, rather than being uniquely related to standby andemergency pow er, w hich is the focus of Section 604. Accordingly, this proposal recommends relocating theprovisions to Section 1031, w hich deals w ith maintenance of the means of egress, making it clear that the intent is tomaintain overall functionality of the emergency lighting system, not just the pow er supply.

Additional changes are recommended to recognize modern technology employed in many emergency lighting units,w hich permits these units to conduct self-testing and self-diagnostics in lieu of manually initiated tests. Thistechnology is recognized by NFPA 101, Section 7.9.3, w hich w as cited as a reference source for the originalprovisions added by proposal F35-09/10, and the revisions suggested herein actually improve correlation w ith thelatest requirements in NFPA 101, Section 7.9.3.

One other issue that is f ixed by this proposal, w hich w asn't readily evident w hen these provisions w ere proposedbut has since become an issue, is the recommended elimination of the current text in Section 604.6.1, w hichsuggests that the 30-second test must be initiated by disconnecting normal pow er. This has become an issue in


F77-16 : 604.6-SHAPIRO13060

some jurisdictions w here code off icials are requiring that the building pow er be turned off to conduct the test. Needless to say, residents quickly become unhappy w hen they have to reset their clocks or lose their Internetconnections on a monthly basis w hen management is required to turn off pow er for 30 seconds for an emergencylighting test. Conducting the test in this manner isn't required by NFPA 101, and a reason for the IFC to be morestringent is not evident.

Finally, by referencing IFC Section 107, the "suff iciency" and "recordkeeping" provisoins are no longer needed in thissection. Although Section 107 applies w hether it's referenced here or not, it may be preferred by some to have thecross-reference included to avoid the appearance that these topics are no longer of concern.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThis proposal has nothing to do w ith construction.


F79-16 : 605.1.2 (NEW)-LOVELL12586

F79-16IFC: 604.1.2 (IBC [F] 2702.1.2) (New).Proponent : Vickie Lovell, InterCode Incorporated, representing 3M ([email protected])

2015 International Fire CodeAdd new text as follows:

604.1.2 (IBC [F] 2702.1.2) Fuel line piping protection. Fuel lines supplying a generator setinside a building shall be separated from areas of the building other than the room the generatoris located in by an approved method, or an assembly that has a fire-resistance rating of not lessthan 2 hours. Where the building is protected throughout with an automatic sprinkler systeminstalled in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, the required fire-resistance rating shall be reducedto 1 hour.

Reason: This proposal is intended to require fuel lines supplying a generator set inside a building to be separatedw ith f ire-resistance-rated construction from areas of the building other than in the room in w hich the generator islocated. It mirrors the text that w as approved for the 2015 IBC in Section 403.4.8.2 for high-rises and w asoverw helmingly supported by the ICC membership.

This proposal extends the requirement to any building that has a generator that is separated from the rest of thebuilding. It is common for diesel-fueled generators to supply the generators w ith a day tank and resupply the daytank via remote fuel oil tanks. The fuel line piping from those remote tanks to the generator can be exposed to thesame f ire incident that the generator has been protected against. Loss of the fuel line due to f ire exposure has thesame impact as loss of the generator itself.

The w ording only refers to "fuel lines" to also provide protection in those cases w here a gaseous fuel supply isapproved for use.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionThis requirement for protection of the fuel lines supplying stationary generators already applies to high-rise buildings.This proposal, if approved, w ould require labor to install generic materials or a proprietary system to protect fuelslines in all buildings w ith stationary generators


F82-16 : 605.5-ROBERTS10751

F82-16IFC: 605.5.Proponent : Jonathan Roberts ([email protected])


605.5 Extension cords. Extension cords and flexible cords shall not be a substitute forpermanent wiring and shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 817. Extension cords andflexible cords shall not be affixed to structures, extended through walls, ceilings or floors, orunder doors or floor coverings, nor shall such cords be subject to environmental damage orphysical impact. Extension cords shall be used only with portable appliances. Extension cordsmarked for indoor use shall not be used outdoors.

Reference standards type: This reference standard is new to the ICC Code Books Add new standard(s) as follows: Add new standard. UL 817, Standard for Cord Sets and Power-Supply Cords with revisionsthrough March 2015Reason: This proposal allow s f ire code enforcers to require extension cords to be listed and labeled, w hichdemonstrates they have been investigated in accordance w ith recognized safety standards, and addresseshazards associated w ith non-listed extension codes that may utilize undersized conductors and substandardconstruction. The proposal also addresses f ire and shock hazards associated w ith use of indoor use extensioncords used in outdoor environments.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThis proposal simply clarif ies the safety requirements for extension cords allow ed for temporary use.

Analysis: A review of the standard(s) proposed for inclusion in the code, UL 817, Standard for CordSets and Power-Supply Cords with revisions through March 2015with regard to the ICC criteria forreferenced standards (Section 3.6 of CP#28) will be posted on the ICC website on or before April 1,2016.


F203-16 : 907.3.2-KULIK3665

F203-16IFC: 907.3.2 (IBC: [F] 907.3.2)Proponent : Michael O'Brian, representing FCAC ([email protected])


907.3.2 Delayed egress locks Special locking systems. Where delayed egress locks speciallocking systems are installed on means of egressdoors in accordance with Section Sections1010.1.9.6, 1010.1.9.7 or 1010.1.9.8, an automatic smoke or heat detection system shall beinstalled as required by that section.

Reason: Revising this section for correlation to "special locking systems" of Sections 1010.1.9.6 (Controlled egressdoors in Groups I-1 and I-2), 1010.1.9.7 (Delayed egress), or 1010.1.9.8 (Sensor release of electrically lockedegress doors) as each of these three sections for special locking systems require subsequent action by theirlocking system upon actuation of the automatic sprinkler system or automatic f ire detection system. Also, deleting"smoke or heat" in this sentence as the specif ics of the detection system does not need to be specif ied in thissentence.This proposal is submitted by the ICC Fire Code Action Committee (FCAC). The FCAC w as established by the ICCBoard of Directors to pursue opportunities to improve and enhance assigned International Codes w ith regard to f iresafety and hazardous materials in new and existing buildings and facilities and the protection of life and property inw ildland urban interface areas. In 2014 and 2015 the Fire-CAC has held 5 open meetings. In addition, there w erenumerous conference calls, Regional Work Group and Task Group meetings for the current code development cycle,w hich included members of the committees as w ell as any interested parties, to discuss and debate the proposedchanges. Related documentation and reports are posted on the FCAC w ebsite at: FCAC

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThe revisions are correlative. No technical revisions intended.


F222-16IFC: 915.1, 915.1.1, 915.1.2, 915.1.3, 915.1.4, 915.1.5, 915.2, 915.2.4(New), 915.3 (IBC: [F] 915.1, [F] 915.1.1, [F] 915.1.2, [F] 915.1.3, [F] 915.1.4,[F] 915.1.5, [F] 915.2, [F] 915.2.4 (New), [F] 915.3)Proponent : Don Davies, representing Utah Chapter of ICC ([email protected])


915.1 General. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in new buildings in accordance withSections 915.1.1 through 915.6. Carbon monoxide detection shall be installed in existingbuildings in accordance with Section 1103.9 Chapter 11.

915.1.1 Where required. Carbon monoxide detection shall be provided in Group A-1, A-2, E, I-1,I-2, I-4 and R occupancies and in classrooms in Group E occupancies in the locations specifiedin Section 915.2 where any of the conditions in Sections 915.1.2 through 915.1.6 exist.

915.1.2 Fuel-burning appliances and fuel-burning fireplaces. Carbon monoxide detectionshall be provided in dwelling units, sleeping units and classrooms and rooms or spaces used forassembly purposes that contain a fuel-burning appliance or a fuel-burning fireplace.

915.1.3 Forced-air furnaces. Carbon monoxide detection shall be provided in dwelling units,sleeping units and classrooms and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes served by afuel-burning, forced-air furnace.

Exception: Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required in dwelling units, sleepingunits and classrooms where and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes if carbonmonoxide detection is provided in the first room or area served by each main duct leavingthe furnace, and the carbon monoxide alarm signals are automatically transmitted to anapproved location.

915.1.4 Fuel-burning appliances outside of dwelling units, sleeping units andclassrooms. Carbon monoxide detection shall be provided in dwelling units, sleeping units andclassrooms and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes located in buildings that containfuel-burning appliances or fuel-burning fireplaces.

Exceptions:1. Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required in dwelling units, sleeping

units and classrooms and rooms or spaces used for assemblypurposes where there are no communicating openings between the fuel-burning appliance or fuel-burning fireplace and the dwelling unit, sleeping unitor classroom.

2. Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required in dwelling units, sleepingunits and classrooms and spaces used for assembly purposes where carbonmonoxide detection is provided in one of the following locations:

2.1. In an approved location between the fuel-burning appliance or fuel-burning fireplace fire place and the dwelling unit,sleeping unit orclassroom and rooms for spaces used for assembly purposes.

2.2. On the ceiling of the room containing the fuel-burning appliance orfuel burning fuel-burning fireplace.


915.1.5 Private garages. Carbon monoxide detection shall be provided in dwelling units,sleeping units and classrooms and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes in buildingswith attached private garages.

Exceptions:1. Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required where there are no

communicating openings between the private garage and the dwelling unit,sleeping unit or classroom and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes.

2. Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required in dwelling units, sleepingunits and classrooms and rooms or spaces used for assemblypurposes located more than one story above or below a private garage.

3. Carbon monoxide detection shall not be required where the private garageconnects to the building through an open-ended corridor.

4. Where carbon monoxide detection is provided in an approved location betweenopenings to a private garage and dwelling units, sleeping units or classroomsor rooms and spaces used for assembly purposes, carbon monoxide detectionshall not be required in the dwelling units, sleeping unitsor classrooms androoms or classrooms spaces used for assembly purposes.

915.2 Locations. Where required by Section 915.1.1, carbon monoxide detection shall beinstalled in the locations specified in Sections 915.2.1 through 915.2.3 915.2.4.

915.3 Detection equipment. Carbon monoxide detection required by Sections 915.1 through915.2.3 915.2.4 shall be provided by carbon monoxide alarms complying with Section 915.4 orcarbon monoxide detection systems complying with Section 915.5.


915.2.4 Group A occupancies. Carbon Monoxide detectors in accordance with Section915.5.1 shall be installed in rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes in Group A-1, A-2 andsmall assembly occupancies in accordance with Section 303.1.2 of the International BuildingCode. The carbon monoxide alarm signals shall be automatically transmitted to an onsitelocation that is staffed by management personnel.

Reason: This proposal seeks to protect the public from serious injury or possibly death from unintentional non-f irerelated carbon monoxide (CO) exposure by mandating the installation of CO detection devices in A-1 and A-2assembly occupancies. In the absence of a model f ire code for the installation of CO detection in assemblyoccupancies, many jurisdictions are developing their ow n regulations w ith varying installation requirements. Forexample, as a result of the national publicity generated from an incident at a Long Island New York restaurant thatsent 26 to the hospital and tragically killed the restaurant manager,

New York Governor Cuomo signed AB 8963 into law expanding the state's regulations to include theinstallation of CO detection in restaurants and other commercial buildings.New Jersey Governor Christie signed A 4073 into law requiring the installation of CO detection devices in allcommercial structures not currently required to have such protection. The measure applies to structureshaving a potential for a CO hazard. At present CO detection is required in hotels, one- and tw o-familydw ellings and apartment buildings upon initial occupancy or change of occupancy.The NFPA 101/5000 Assembly Technical Committee created First Revision #10 that requires CO detection inassembly occupancies w ith permanently installed fuel-burning appliances or attached garages.The Tow n of North Hempstead New York enacted an ordinance 271-2014 requiring CO detection in placesof assemblyNassau County New York approved ordinance Article VII requiring CO detection in commercial occupancies.

The follow ing states introduced legislation requiring CO detection in commercial occupancies:AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

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MA HB 2097: Requires carbon monoxide detection in all residential, commercial and governmental buildings. CT 5532: Amends part II of chapter 541 of the general statutes to require any person doing business in thestate to equip the place of business physically located in this state w ith carbon monoxide detection andw arning equipment.

This proposal models the location requirements for assembly occupancies after the current requirements in the 2015edition of the IFC for CO detection in hotels, dormitories, apartment buildings and schools as a basis. The eff icacy ofvoluntary national consensus codes, such as the IFC, ensures a collaborative, balanced, and consensus-basedprocess.

Bibliography:VA Staunton 08/23/07 Restaurant Fire officials shut down the Staunton Applebee's after several people became sick. Medical crews cared for at least seven people--all were Applebee's employees.

MD Baltimore 02/02/08 Restaurant The restarurnat was evacuated after employees began to feel faitn, dizzy and nauseous. The Fire Dept responded and took a reading of 400 ppm. Lawsuit resulted in $33M award to injured employees.

OK Tulsa 12/10/08 Restaurant After complaining of feeling ill, officials say four employees were sent home from Charleston's Tuesday

NY Plainview 11/10/09 Restaurant Emergency workers transported eight people to area hospitals, Nassau University Medical Center and North Shore University Hospitals in Syosset and Plainview, suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning. Three otherpeople sustained carbon monoxide poisoning, but refused medical attention.

MA Newton 09/28/10 Restaurant Six people were transported to Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston this afternoon for breathing in carbon monoxide coming from the vents at La Rotisserie on Boylston Street in Newton.

PA Hermitage 11/12/10 Restaurant The Golden Corral restaurant was evacuated this afternoon as a result of a carbon monoxide leak, according to Mercer County 911 Center. A handful of people were taken to the hospital for treatment.

CA San Francisco 01/09/11 Restaurant Four guests at the neighboring Marriott Marquis fell ill Thursday night after a water heater in Amber India leaked high amounts of carbon monoxide into the hotel walls at 250 ppm.

GA Pooler 09/14/11 Restaurant Carbon monoxide leaking into the walls of a Pooler McDonald's caused an 80-year-old woman to die.

KS Olathe 11/07/11 Restaurant Medical crews were called to Noodles & Company, 15208 W. 119th St., in Olathe, shortly after 11 a.m. Monday. Olathe police and fire, Lenexa fire, and paramedics from Johnson County Med-Act responded to thescene. Authorities evacuated four other businesses in the strip mall, but they have since reopened for business.

NY Great Neck 01/26/12 Restaurant More than 40 employees and patrons were evacuated from Bruce's Restaurant and Bakery in Great Neck last week after firefighters failed to find the source of a carbon monoxide leak, which ultimately sent threepeople to local hospitals.

VA Hampton 08/28/12 Restaurant Hampton HAZMAT crews responded to a report of a carbon monoxide leak at Sam Rust Seafood at 9 am.

TN Germantown 09/05/12 Restaurant Employees from 9 businesses at a shopping center evacuated due to CO leak coming from a Chili's restaurant.; CO gas traveled through the air ducts.

TN Johnson City 12/28/12 Restaurant Emergency crews rushed to the Golden Corral after two children passed out. Once they arrived, several more children fell unconscious. In all, Mountain States Health Alliance says it treated 16 people at two of itshospitals, eight adults, eight children for Carbon Monoxide exposure.

IA Storm Lake 03/28/13 Restaurant The Storm Lake Fire Department, police and Alliant Energy responded to a Burger King outlet on Tuesday night after an odor of natural gas was reported. The restaurant had been evacuated.

NY Garden City 04/25/13 Restaurant Seven people were taken to the hospital, four with "dangerously high" carbon monoxide levels in their blood, after police and fire officials responded to a call Tuesday afternoon to a Dominican restaurant in Garden CityPark, police and fire officials said.

WI Sheboygan 06/15/13 Restaurant Hardee's, located at 4409 Highway 42, was evacuated shortly after 8 AM due to a gaseous smell in the restaurant. The Town of Sheboygan Fire Department responded to investigate. Earlier in the morning, WisconsinPublic Service was called to investigate a possible gas leak in the building.

OR Portland 07/06/13 Restaurant A Southwest Portland restaurant was evacuated after a cooling unit began leaking carbon monoxide into the building.

NC Greensboro 01/04/14 Restaurant CO level up to 400 ppm in a restaurant

NY Long Island 02/24/14 Restaurant A leaky flue killed manager, Steven Nelson, 55, who was overcome in the basement of the Legal Sea Food restaurant at the Walt Whitman Mall in Huntington Station.

WI Cottage Grove 03/03/14 Restaurant The incident happened just before 6 a.m. at the McDonald's in the 400 block of West Cottage Grove Road. According to dispatch, the restaurant was evacuated after the carbon monoxide alarms went off inside.

PA Norristown 03/04/14 Restaurant Family was asleep in their apt as CO was seeping in from the restaurant below. They woke up feeling nauseous and called 9-1-1.

CO Denver 03/16/14 Restaurant Multiple customers reported headaches and nausea at a Noodles & Company

MA Boston 03/25/14 Restaurant Legal Sea Foods and The Cottage in Chestnut Hill was evacuated following high carbon monoxide readings in the restaurants. A nearby restaurant, The Cottage, was also evacuated.

NY Long Island 06/02/14 Restaurant A Long Island medic stopped into a store in Carle Place for a quick cup of coffee early Friday morning — and prevented a possible disaster. The EMT, whose name was not disclosed, happened to be wearing apersonal carbon-monoxide detector, and the device alerted him to a high level of the dangerous gas.

VA Henrico 06/14/14 Restaurant Henrico Fire units responded to the China House restaurant for a report of the smell of gas and a generator running inside of a closed business during power outage.

NY Hauppauge 08/29/14 Restaurant Two Long Island volunteer EMTs sat down to get dinner at their local Applebee's in Hauppauge when their carbon monoxide detector they were carrying delivered a reading that registered twice the safe limit

AL Huntsville 09/15/14 Restaurant A faulty hood vent led to a potentially dangerous carbon monoxide situation at Bruegger's. People involved first became aware of the problem after one man drove himself to the emergency room Sunday night.

NY Northampton 10/07/14 Restaurant Emergency personnel evacuated two restaurants late due to the presence of high carbon monoxide levels within the building that they share. Some 10 to 12 people were evacuated from the Local Burger and Banh MiSaigon restaurants,

NH Manchester 10/19/14 Restaurant The restaurant was evacuated. Manchester Fire detected high carbon monoxide readings as a result of a malfunctioning heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionThe estimated installed cost for each CO detector is $325 per unit. This number includes the detector, conduit,junction box, w ire and labor. It does not include the control unit because assembly occupancies typically have eithera f ire alarm or intrusion (security) control unit and NFPA 720 permits CO detectors to be connected to a f ire alarm orintrusion (security) control unit.

The estimated number of CO detectors for small to medium sized A-1 and A-2 occupancies is 2 to 3. Large A-1 andA-2 occupancies may require 4 to 5 CO detectors. This number is based on providing CO detection in each room


F222-16 : 915.1-DAVIES12969

containing a fuel-burning appliance, fuel-burning f ireplace or in an approved location betw een openings to a privategarage and rooms or spaces used for assembly purposes.


F227-16105.7.19 (New), 202 (New), 902.1, 916 (New) (IBC [F] 202 (New), [F] 902.1, [F]916 (New))Proponent : Joe McElvaney, self, representing Self ([email protected])


105.7.19 Mass Notification System. A construction permit is required to install a MassNotification System.


MASS NOTIFICATION SYSTEM. A system that provides information and instructions to peopleinside buildings, outdoors areas or other spaces.

902.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:ALARM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCE.ALARM SIGNAL.ALARM VERIFICATION FEATURE.ANNUNCIATOR.AUDIBLE ALARM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCE.AUTOMATIC.AUTOMATIC FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM.AUTOMATIC SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM.AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM.AUTOMATIC WATER MIST SYSTEM.AVERAGE AMBIENT SOUND LEVEL.CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM.CLEAN AGENT.COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE.CONSTANTLY ATTENDED LOCATION.DELUGE SYSTEM.DETECTOR, HEAT.DRY-CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHING AGENT.ELEVATOR GROUP.EMERGENCY ALARM SYSTEM.EMERGENCY VOICE/ALARM COMMUNICATIONS.FIRE ALARM BOX, MANUAL.FIRE ALARM CONTROL UNIT.FIRE ALARM SIGNAL.FIRE ALARM SYSTEM.FIRE AREA.FIRE DETECTOR, AUTOMATIC.FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM.FIRE SAFETY FUNCTIONS.FIXED BASE OPERATOR (FBO).FOAM-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM.HALOGENATED EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM.IMPAIRMENT COORDINATOR.


F227-16 : 916 (NEW)-MCELVANEY9966

INITIATING DEVICE.MANUAL FIRE ALARM BOX.MASS NOTIFICATION SYSTEM.MULTIPLE-STATION ALARM DEVICE.MULTIPLE-STATION SMOKE ALARM.NOTIFICATION ZONE.NUISANCE ALARM.PRIVATE GARAGE.RECORD DRAWINGS.SINGLE-STATION SMOKE ALARM.SLEEPING UNIT.SMOKE ALARM.SMOKE DETECTOR.STANDPIPE SYSTEM, CLASSES OF.Class I system.Class II system.Class III system.STANDPIPE, TYPES OF.Automatic dry.Automatic wet.Manual dry.Manual wet.Semiautomatic dry.SUPERVISING STATION.SUPERVISORY SERVICE.SUPERVISORY SIGNAL.SUPERVISORY SIGNAL-INITIATING DEVICE.TIRES, BULK STORAGE OF.TRANSIENT AIRCRAFT.TROUBLE SIGNAL.VISIBLE ALARM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCE.WET-CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHING AGENT.WIRELESS PROTECTION SYSTEM.ZONE.ZONE, NOTIFICATION.

SECTION 916 MASS NOTIFICATION SYSTEM

916.1 General. Mass notification systems shall be installed, tested and maintained per NFPA72.

Reason: Currently these systems are being installed in large complexes like hospitals, business campuses, andcolleges to name a few . At this time the IFC does not require this type of system to be review ed or approved by theAHJ. In order to design and install these systems the AHJ needs to be part of the design. The local AHJ, Police, FireEMS w ill be responding to an event w hen this system in being used. Please note that this new code section doesnot require this system it w ill only require them to comply w ith NFPA 72.

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionThe cost w ill increase due to the fact that now w hen a system is being installed the local AHJ w ill be review ing thesystem to make sure that the system is installed per NFPA 72


F340-16202 (New), 604.2.17 (New) [IBC [F] 2702.2.17(New)], Chapter 38 (New),5003.8.3, Chapter 80; IBC [F] 307.1.1, [F] 414.2, [F] 427 (New), Table [F]903.2.11.6, Chapter 35Proponent : Michael O'Brian representing the Fire Code Action Committee ([email protected])


CHAPTER 38 HIGHER EDUCATION LABORATORIES SECTION 3801 GENERAL

3801.1 Scope. Laboratories in Group B occupancies used for educational purposes above the12th grade complying with the requirements of this chapter shall be permitted to exceed themaximum allowable quantities of hazardous materials in control areas set forth in Chapter 50without requiring classification as a Group H occupancy. Except as specified in this chapter,such laboratories shall comply with all applicable provisions of this code and the Building Code. Storage, use and handling of chemicals in such laboratories shall be limited to purposes relatedto testing, analysis, teaching, research or developmental activities on a nonproduction basis.

3801.2 Application. The provisions of this chapter shall be applied as exceptions or additions toapplicable requirements of this code. Unless specifically modified by this chapter, the storage,use and handling of hazardous materials shall comply with all other provisions in Chapters 50through 67 and the International Building Code for quantities not exceeding the maximumallowable quantity.


3802.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chapter 2:

CHEMICAL FUME HOODGLOVE BOXLABORATORY SUITESPECIAL EXPERT

SECTION 3803 GENERAL SAFETY PROVISIONS

3803.1 Scope. Laboratories and laboratory suites applying the requirements of this chapter shallbe in accordance with the general safety provisions in Sections 3803.1.1 through 3803.2.2.

3803.1.1 Chemical Safety Reviews. Operating and emergency procedures planning anddocumentation shall be provided in accordance with Sections 5001.3.3.11 through 5001.3.3.17.Such documentation shall be prepared by laboratory safety personnel or special experts, andshall be made available in the workplace for reference and review by employees. Copies of suchdocumentation shall be made available to the fire code official for review upon request.

3803.1.2 Chemical handling. Receiving, transporting on site, unpacking and dispensing ofhazardous materials shall be carried out by persons trained in proper handling of such materialsand shall be performed in accordance with Chapters 50 through 67, as applicable.

3803.1.3 Warning Signage. Warning signs shall be provided in accordance with SectionAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

5003.5.

3803.1.4 Maintenance of equipment, machinery and processes. Maintenance ofequipment, machinery and processes used with hazardous materials shall comply with Section5003.2.6.

3803.1.5 Time sensitive materials. Containers of materials that have the potential to becomehazardous during prolonged storage shall be dated when first opened, and shall be managed inaccordance with NFPA 45 Section 8.2.4.4.1.

3803.1.6 Hazardous Wastes. Storage, dispensing, use and handling of hazardous waste shallcomply with this chapter and Chapters 50 through 67, as applicable.

3803.1.7 Ventilation. Ventilation for laboratories and laboratory equipment shall be designedand installed in accordance with the requirements in the International Mechanical Code andChapter 7, NFPA 45.

3803.1.8 Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems. New laboratories in new or existing buildingsthat increase maximum allowable quantities of hazardous materials based upon the requirementsin this chapter shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system inaccordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

3803.2 Hazardous materials storage and use. Hazardous Materials storage, handling and usein laboratories and laboratory suites complying with Chapter 38 shall be in accordance with thischapter and Chapters 50 through 67.

3803.2.1 Container Size. The maximum container size for all hazardous materials shall be 5.3gallons for liquids, 50 pounds for solids, 100 cf. for health hazard gases per table 5003.1.1(2) and500 cf. for all other gases in accorandance with Table 5003.1.1(1).

Exception:Hazardous waste collection containers, for other than Class I and Class IIflammable liquids, are permitted to exceed 5.3 (20L) gallons where approved.

3803.2.2 Density. Quantities of Class I flammable liquids in storage and use shall not exceed 8gallons per 100 sf of floor areas. Densities shall be reduced by 25% on the 4th through 6th floorsof the building and by 50% above the 6th floor. Regardless of the density, the maximum allowablequantity per control area or laboratory suite in accordance with this chapter, shall not beexceeded.

Exception: Designated hazardous waste collection areas or rooms within a laboratorysuite or control area are not limited, but but such materials shall not exceed the maximumallowable quantity per laboratory suite or control area.

SECTION 3804 LABORATORY SUITE CONSTRUCTION

3804.1 General. Where laboratory suites are provided, they shall be constructed in accordancewith this chapter, and Section 427 of the International Building Code.

3804.1.1 Laboratory Suites. The number of control areas and percentage of maximumallowable quantities of hazardous materials in laboratory suites shall be in accordance with Table3804.1.1.

TABLE 3804.1.1 DESIGN AND NUMBER OF LABORATORY SUITES PER FLOOR


FLOOR LEVEL

PERCENTAGE OF THE MAXIMUM

ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER LAB

SUITEa

NUMBER OF LAB

SUITES PER

FLOOR

FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING FOR

FIRE BARRIERS IN HOURSb

Abov e

Grade

Plane

21+

16-20

11-15

7-10

4-6

3

1-2

Not allowed

25

50

50

75

100

100

Not Permitted

1

1

2

4

4

6

Not Permitted

2c

2c

2c

1

1

1

Below

Grade

Plane

1

2

Lower

than

2

75

50

Not Allowed

4

2

Not Allowed

1

1

Not Allowed

a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with allincreases allowed in the f ootnotes to those tables.

b. Fire barriers shall include walls, f loors and ceilings necessary to prov ide separation f rom other portions of the building.

c. Vertical f ire barriers separating laboratory suites f rom other spaces on the same f loor may be one hour rated.

3804.1.1.1 Separation from other non-laboratory areas. Laboratory suites shall beseparated from other portions of the building in accordance with the most restrictive of thefollowing:

1. Table 3804.1.1 with fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of theInternational Building Code and horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance withSection 711 of the International Building Code.

Exception: Where an individual laboratory suite occupies more than onestory, the fire resistance rating of intermediate floors contained within thelaboratory suite shall comply with the requirements of the InternationalBuilding Code.

2. Section 508 of the International Building Code.

3804.1.1.2 Separation from other Laboratory Suites. Laboratory suites shall be separatedfrom other laboratory suites in accordance with Table 3804.1.1.

3804.1.1.3 Floor Assembly Fire Resistance. The floor assembly supporting the laboratorysuite and the construction supporting the floor of the laboratory suite shall have a fire resistancerating of not less than 2 hours.

Exception: The floor assembly of the laboratory suite and the constriction supporting thefloor of the laboratory suite are allowed to be 1-hour fire resistance rated in buildings ofTypes IIA, IIIA and VA construction, provided that the building is 3 or fewer stories.


3804.1.1.4 Maximum number. The maximum number of laboratory suites shall be inaccordance with Table 3804.1.1. Where a building contains both laboratory suites and controlareas the total number of laboratory suites and control areas within a building shall not exceedthe maximum number of laboratory suites in accorandance with Table 3804.1.1.

3804.1.1.5 Means of Egress. Means of egress shall be in accordance with Chapter 10.

3804.1.1.6 Standby or emergency power. Standby or emergency power shall be provided inaccordance with Section 5004.7 where laboratory suites are located above the sixth story abovegrade plane or located in a story below grade plane.

3804.1.1.7 Ventilation. Ventilation shall be in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 45, and theInternational Mechanical Code.

3804.1.1.8 Liquid tight floor. Portions of the laboratory suite where hazardous materials arepresent shall be provided with a liquid tight floor.

3804.1.1.9 Automatic fire extinguishing systems. Buildings shall be equipped throughout withan approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

3804.1.2 Percentage of maximum allowable quantity in each laboratory suite. Thepercentage of maximum allowable quantities in each laboratory suite shall be in accordance withTable 3804.1.1.

SECTION 3805 NON-SPRINKLERED LABORATORIES

3805.1 Scope. Storage and use of hazardous materials in existing laboratories located withinexisting buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance withSection 903.3.1.1, is permitted where such use complies with Section 3803, and with Chapters50 through 67, as applicable, and Sections 3805.2 through 3805.4.

3805.2 Non-sprinklered laboratories. The maximum allowable quantities of hazardousmaterials in storage and use in control areas in laboratories located in buildings not equippedthroughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 shall be inaccordance with Table 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), and Table 5003.8.3.2, except as modified bySections 3805.2.1 and 3805.2.2.

3805.2.1 Restricted Materials Storage. Storage of hazardous materials prohibited by Table5003.1.1 in buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordancewith Section 903.3.1.1, shall be allowed within a laboratory at 25% of Table 5003.1.1 limits for abuilding equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system, with no additional increasesallowed, provided that all such materials are stored in accordance with all of the following:

1. Containers shall be completely sealed and stored according to the manufacturer'srecommendations.

2. Storage shall be within approved hazardous materials storage cabinets in accordancewith Section 5003.8.7, or shall be located in an inert atmosphere glove box inaccordance with NFPA 45 Section 7.11.

3. The storage cabinet or glove box shall not contain any storage of incompatiblematerials.

3805.2.2 Restricted materials use. Use of hazardous materials prohibited by Table 5003.1.1 inbuildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section903.3.1.1, shall be allowed within a laboratory at 25% of Table 5003.1.1 limits for buildings


equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system, with no additional increases allowed,provided that all such materials are used in accordance with all of the following:

1. Use shall be within an approved chemical fumehood listed in accordance with UL1805, or in an inert atmosphere glove box in accordance with NFPA 45 Section 7.11,or other approved equipment designed for the specific hazard of the material.

2. Combustible materials shall be kept at least 0.610 m (2 ft.) away from the work area,except for those items directly related to the research.

3. A portable fire extinguisher appropriate for the specific material shall be providedwithin 20 feet of the use in accordance with Section 906.

3805.3 Restricted materials automatic fire detection. An automatic fire detection systemshall be installed in all existing laboratories in non-sprinklered buildings in accordance with thissection. Detectors shall be connected to the building's fire alarm control unit where a fire alarmsystem is provided. Detector initiation shall activate the occupant notification system inaccordance with Section 907.5 where connected to the building's fire alarm control unit.Activation of the detection system shall sound a local alarm in buildings not equipped with a firealarm notification system,

3805.3.1 System supervision and monitoring. Automatic fire detection systems shall beelectronically supervised and monitored by an approved supervising station or, where approved,shall initiate an audible and visual signal at a constantly attended on-site location.

3805.4 Percentage of maximum allowable quantity per control area. The percentage ofmaximum allowable quantities per control area shall be permitted to be increased in accordancewith Table 3805.4.

TABLE 3805.4 DESIGN AND NUMBER OF CONTROL AREAS IN EXISTING NON-SPRINKLERED LABORATORIES

FLOOR LEVEL PERCENTAGE OF THE MAXIMUM

ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL

AREA

NUMBER OF

CONTROL AREAS

PER FLOOR

FIRE RESISTANCE RATING

FOR FIRE BARRIERS IN

HOURSc,d

Abov e

grade

plane

Higher

than

9

7-9

4-6

3

1-2

5%

10%

25%

75%

100%

1

2

2

2

4

2

2

2

1

1

Below

Grade

Plane

1

2

Lower

than 2

100%

75%

Not allowed

3

2

Not Allowed

1

1

Not allowed


a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), excluding all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables b. Fire barriers shall include walls, floors and ceilings necessary to provide separation from otherportions of the building c. Vertical fire barriers separating control areas from other spaces on the same floor shall be permittedto be one hour rated. d. See International Building Code Section 414.2.4 for additional requirements.

SECTION 3806 EXISTING SPRINKLERED LABORATORIES

3806.1 Scope. Storage and use of hazardous materials in new and existing laboratories inbuildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section903.3.1.1, shall be in accordance with Section 3803, and with Chapters 50-67 as applicable,except as modified by by this section.

3806.2 Hazardous materials storage and use. Storage and use of hazardous materials withincontrol areas in new and existing sprinklered laboratories shall be in accordance with this sectionand Chapters 50 through 67, as applicable.

Exception: Existing laboratories in buildings equipped though with an automatic sprinklermeeting requirements for laboratory suites are permitted to comply with Section 3804.

3806.2.1 Percentage of maximum allowable quantity per control area. The percentage ofmaximum allowable quantities per control area shall be in accordance with Table 3806.2.1.

TABLE 3806.2.1 DESIGN AND NUMBER OF CONTROL AREAS IN EXISTING SPRINKLERED LABORATORIES

FLOOR LEVEL

PERCENTAGE OF THE MAXIMUM

ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL

AREAa

NUMBER OF

CONTROL AREAS

PER FLOOR

FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING

FOR FIRE BARRIERS IN

HOURSbc

Abov e

Grade

Plane

21+

11-20

7-10

4-6

3

1-2

5%

10%

25%

50%

75%

100%

1

1

2

2

3

4

2

2

2

2

1

1

Below

Grade

Plane

1

2

Lower

than

2

100%

75%

Not Allowed

3

2

Not Allowed

1

1

Not Allowed

a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in the footnotes to those tables. b. Fire barriers shall include walls, floors and ceilings necessary to provide separation from other


portions of the building. See International Building Code Section 414.2.4 for additional requirements.

5003.8.3 Control areas. Control areas shall comply with Sections 5003.8.3.1 through5003.8.3.5.

Exception: Higher education laboratories in accordance with Chapter 38 and Section 427 of theInternational Building Code.

604.2.17 Laboratory suites. Laboratory Suites shall be provided with emergency or standbypower in accordance with Chapter 38.

Add new definition as follows:


CHEMICAL FUME HOOD. A ventilated enclosure designed to contain and exhaust fumes,gases, vapors, mists and particulate matter generated within the hood.


GLOVE BOX. A sealed enclosure in which items inside the box are handled exclusively usinglong gloves sealed to ports in the enclosure.


LABORATORY SUITE. A fire-rated enclosed laboratory area that will provide one or morelaboratory spaces, within a Group B educational occupancy, that are permitted to includeancillary uses such as offices, bathrooms, and corridors that are contiguous with the laboratoryarea, and are constructed in accordance with section 3804.


SPECIAL EXPERT. An individual who has demonstrated qualifications in a specific area, outsidethe practice of architecture or engineering, through education, training and experience.

2015 International Building Code[F] 307.1.1 Uses other than Group H. An occupancy that stores, uses or handles hazardousmaterials as described in one or more of the following items shall not be classified as Group H,but shall be classified as the occupancy that it most nearly resembles.

1. Buildings and structures occupied for the application of flammable finishes, providedthat such buildings or areas conform to the requirements of Section 416 and theInternational Fire Code.

2. Wholesale and retail sales and storage of flammable and combustible liquids inmercantile occupancies conforming to the International Fire Code.

3. Closed piping system containing flammable or combustible liquids or gases utilizedfor the operation of machinery or equipment.

4. Cleaning establishments that utilize combustible liquid solvents having a flash point of140°F (60°C) or higher in closed systems employing equipment listedby anapprovedtesting agency, provided that this occupancy is separated from all otherareas of the building by 1-hour fire barriersconstructed in accordance with Section707 or 1hour horizontal assembliesconstructed in accordance with Section 711, orboth. AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1

of 163

5. Cleaning establishments that utilize a liquid solvent having a flash point at or above200°F (93°C).

6. Liquor stores and distributors without bulk storage.7. Refrigeration systems.8. The storage or utilization of materials for agricultural purposes on the premises.9. Stationary batteries utilized for facility emergency power, uninterruptable power

supply or telecommunication facilities, provided that the batteries are provided withsafety venting caps and ventilationis provided in accordance with the InternationalMechanical Code.

10. Corrosive personal or household products in their original packaging used in retaildisplay.

11. Commonly used corrosive building materials.12. Buildings and structures occupied for aerosol storage shall be classified as Group S-

1, provided that such buildings conform to the requirements of the International FireCode.

13. Display and storage of nonflammable solid and nonflammable or noncombustibleliquid hazardous materials in quantities not exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control areain Group M or S occupancies complying with Section414.2.5.

14. The storage of black powder, smokeless propellant and small arms primers in GroupsM and R-3 and special industrial explosive devices in Groups B, F, M and S, providedsuch storage conforms to the quantity limits and requirements prescribed in theInternational Fire Code.

15. Group B Higher Education Laboratory occupancies complying with Section 427 andChapter 38 of the IFC.

[F] 414.2 Control areas. Control areasshall comply with Sections 414.2.1 through 414.2.5 andthe International Fire Code.

Exception: Higher education laboratories in accordance with Section 427 and Chapter 38 of theInternational Fire Code.

SECTION 427 HIGHER EDUCATION LABORATORIES

[F]427.1 Scope. Laboratories in Group B occupancies used for educational purposes above the12th grade complying with the requirements of this chapter shall be permitted to exceed themaximum allowable quantities of hazardous materials in control areas set forth in Chapter 50without requiring classification as a Group H occupancy. Except as specified in this chapter,such laboratories shall comply with all applicable provisions of this code and the the InternationalFire Code. Storage, use and handling of chemicals in such laboratories shall be limited topurposes related to testing, analysis, teaching, research or developmental activities on anonproduction basis.

[F]427.2 Application. The provisions of this chapter shall be applied as exceptions or additionsto applicable requirements of this code. Unless specifically modified by this chapter, the storage,use and handling of hazardous materials shall comply with all other provisions in Chapters 50through 67 of the International Fire Code and this code for quantities not exceeding the maximumallowable quantity.

[F]427.3 Laboratory suite construction. Where laboratory suites are provided, they shall beconstructed in accordance with this Section and Chapter 38 of the International Fire Code. Thenumber of control areas and percentage of maximum allowable quantities of hazardous materials


in laboratory suites shall be in accordance with Table 427.3.

[F]427.3.1 Separation from other non-laboratory areas. Laboratory suites shall be separatedfrom other portions of the building in accordance with the most restrictive of the following:

1. Table 427.3 with fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 oand horizontalassemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711.

Exception: Where an individual laboratory suite occupies more than one story, the fireresistance rating of intermediate floors contained within the laboratory suite shall complywith the requirements of this code.

2. Section 508 of the International Building Code.

[F]427.3.2 Separation from other Laboratory Suites. Laboratory suites shall be separatedfrom other laboratory suites in accordance with Table 427.3.

[F]427.3.3 Floor Assembly Fire Resistance. The floor assembly supporting the laboratory suiteand the construction supporting the floor of the laboratory suite shall have a fire resistance ratingof not less than 2 hours.

Exception: The floor assembly of the laboratory suite and the constriction supporting the floor ofthe laboratory suite are allowed to be 1-hour fire resistance rated in buildings of Types IIA, IIIAand VA construction, provided that the building is 3 or fewer stories.

[F]427.3.4 Maximum number. The maximum number of laboratory suites shall be inaccordance with Table 427.3. Where a building contains both laboratory suites and control areasthe total number of laboratory suites and control areas within a building shall not exceed themaximum number of laboratory suites in accorandance with Table 427.3.

[F]427.3.5 Means of egress. Means of egress shall be in accordance with Chapter 10.

[F]427.3.6 Standby or emergency power. Standby or emergency power shall be provided inaccordance with Section 5004.7 where laboratory suites are located above the sixth story abovegrade plane or located in a story below grade plane.

[F]427.3.7 Ventilation. Ventilation shall be in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 45, and theInternational Mechanical Code.

[F]427.3.8 Liquid tight floor. Portions of the laboratory suite where hazardous materials arepresent shall be provided with a liquid tight floor.

[F]427.3.9 Automatic fire extinguishing systems. Buildings shall be equipped throughout withan approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

[F]427.4 Percentage of maximum allowable quantity in each laboratory suite. Thepercentage of maximum allowable quantities in each laboratory suite shall be in accordance withTable 427.3

TABLE [F] 903.2.11.6 ADDITIONAL REQUIRED SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS

SECTION SUBJECT


402.5, 402.6.2 Cov ered and open mall buildings

403.3 High-rise buildings

404.3 Atriums

405.3 Underground structures

407.6 Group I-2

410.7 Stages

411.4 Special amusement buildings

412.3.6 Airport traf f ic control towers

412.4.6, 412.4.6.1, 412.6.5 Aircraf t hangars

415.11.11 Group H-5 HPM exhaust ducts

416.5 Flammable f inishes

417.4 Dry ing rooms

419.5 Live/work units

424.3 Children's play structures

427. Buildings containing laboratory suites

507 Unlimited area buildings

509.4 Incidental uses

1029.6.2.3 Smoke-protected assembly seating

IFCSprinkler sy stem requirements as set f orth in Section 903.2.11.6 of the

International Fire Code

Reference standards type: This reference standard is new to the ICC Code Books Add new standard(s) as follows:


NFPA 45 - 2015: Standard On Fire Protection For Laboratories Using ChemicalsUL 1805 - 2002 Standard for Laboratory Hoods and CabinetsReason: There is quite possibly no industry more important to lives across the w orld than higher educationacademic institutions. The advance of technologies, science, medicine and our know ledge of the w orld often relieson having vibrant and successful academic institutions.

These academic institutions often have chemistry, biology, medical, engineering and other laboratories w herehazardous materials are used. The IFC does not specif ically address teaching and research laboratories, so usersmust try to apply general hazardous materials provisions, w hich oftentimes are not appropriate for specializedacademic laboratory settings.

The following is a list of several conditions typically present in academic laboratories that make themunique:

1. Lower chemical density in individual research laboratories. In a teaching and research environment, thereare often many small laboratories w ithin a building that are using small quantities of hazardous materials in eachlocation. Individually, they do not store or use a large quantity of hazardous materials, but together, they may oftenexceed the maximum allow able quantities for the control area. This low er chemical density often mitigates the overallrisk, but the IFC currently has no provisions to recognize this condition.

2. Ongoing staff oversight from "Special Experts" in laboratory safety. Many higher education institutionshave a full cadre of faculty and staff w ith chemical expertise. These "Special Experts" often include, but are notlimited to: Fire Marshals, Industrial Hygienists, Radiation Safety Off icers, Biological Safety Off icers, Chemical HygieneOfficers and Environmental Health and Safety Off icers. These individuals are an integral part of thepreparation/review of laboratory safety documentations, as w ell as regularly scheduled safety audits. Fire and lifesafety expertise and oversight on our campuses is continually increasing w ith the addition of these highly capableprofessionals.

3. Limited, or "directed", funding streams . Also unique to academic institutions are the funding sources forresearch. In a "non-profit" teaching and research environment, the majority of research is funded through grantsand endow ments. Unfortunately, many grants only support the costs of research personnel and equipment, notstructural upgrades to accommodate new er research processes.

4. Mixed-use occupancies. A typical university science building w ill house laboratories, off ice space,storerooms, classrooms and lecture halls. The current limits on hazardous materials are so restrictive on upperf loors that many universities are forced to locate classrooms and lecture halls on the upper f loors so that they cantake full advantage of the hazardous materials quantities allow ed on the low er f loors. This results in moving largenumbers of students through hallw ays, past laboratories to get to the upper f loors. They w ill also have to exit backdow n the same routes in the event of an emergency.

This proposal introduces a post-secondary academic laboratory chapter to address these unique circumstances.University f ire and life safety professionals from across the United States have collaborated on w riting this chapter.Conscientious effort has been made to balance the proposed IFC modif ications w ith enhanced administrative,emergency planning and structural provisions.

This chapter also introduces some important provisions from NFPA 45, Fire Protection for Laboratories. Although theIFC references many national standards on specif ic topics, there are no such references currently for laboratories.This standard contains many laboratory specif ic requirements and design professionals rely heavily upon thisnational standard for current laboratory designs.

Specif ically, the chapter addresses three primary needs: 1) increasing general laboratory safety requirements, 2)increasing MAQ's in large or multi-story laboratories, or laboratories located in multi-story buildings and, 3) allow ingvery small quantities of currently prohibited hazardous materials in non-sprinklered laboratory buildings. A briefdescription of each is as follow s:

1. Increased general laboratory safety requirements: This proposal introduces a post-secondary academiclaboratory chapter in to the IFC. Currently, there is no teaching/research laboratory specif ic chapter in the IFC, andthere are no references to NFPA 45 (Fire Protection for Laboratories). This new chapter f ills a much needed gap inthe IFC, and provides for enhanced safety requirements in these academic laboratories.

2. Control Area Limitations: As post-secondary campuses across the w orld grow to meet increasingpopulations, they often are landlocked, and require that new buildings are built taller and/or larger. This is particularly


true in large metropolitan areas. The current "Control Area" restrictions in the ICC codes severely restrict functioninglaboratories on upper f loor levels or in larger buildings.

In response to this critical issue, numerous jurisdictions have adopted state or local amendments to allow for greaternumbers of control areas and larger percentages of MAQs in academic and /or non-production laboratories. Suchjurisdictions include California, Arizona, Minnesota, Seattle and New York City. One of the primary purposes of thisproposal is to provide standardized model code language to address this topic.

This chapter provides an alternate design approach for such scenarios w here traditional control area limitations arenot feasible, and w here building Group H-Occupancies is not possible. The "Laboratory Suite" concept gives usersan option to allow more f lexibility in hazardous materials use, in exchange for additional administrative and structuralsafeguards, w hile still remaining a "B" occupancy.

3. Non-Sprinklered Limitations: There are thousands of existing post-secondary academic institutions, w ithsome dating back to 1800's, w here retrof itting automatic sprinklers is not practical. This proposal addresses acritically important issue to selected laboratories in existing, non-sprinklered buildings, w ho need very smallquantities of materials that have blanket restrictions in non-sprinklered buildings. This proposal provides a limitedexception to allow very small quantities of such materials w hen specif ic mitigation controls are provided.

PART 1 REASON:Section 3801. Provides general scoping information. It clarif ies that the chapter applies to both existing laboratoriesin existing buildings and new laboratories as referenced in the sections.

The definition used for laboratories mirrors the definition found in the International Mechanical Code, w ith the additionof language to clarify that the chapter is limited to "Laboratories in higher education institutions beyond the 12thgrade".

Section 3802. Provides definitions for new terms introduced in this chapter. The term "Special Expert" is in theInternational Performance Code in the appendix. It w as utilized in this chapter to ref lect the high level of faculty andstaff safety professionals available at many academic institutions.

Section 3803. Requires additional safety pre-planning for all laboratories or laboratory suites utilizing this chapter,also consistent w ith laboratory safeguards found in NFPA 45. Enhanced safety requirements found in this sectioninclude:

1. New hazard analysis documentation shall include: Process Hazard Analysis, Pre-startup Safety Review ,Operating and Emergency Procedures, Management of Change, Accident Procedures, Consequence Analysis andSafety Audits. Requires that such documentation shall be submitted to the f ire code off icial. (IFC Section 5001)2. Time-sensitive materials shall be dated and pro-actively managed. (NFPA 45)3. Maximum container size of Class I f lammable liquids is 5.3 gallons. (NFPA 45)4. Density of Class I f lammable liquids in storage and use shall be no greater than 8 gallons per 100 square feet off loor area. (NFPA45)

Section 3804. Provides the "Laboratory Suite" design option in addition to traditional control area options. Enhancedsafety requirements in this section include:

1. All of those listed above in in section 3803 2. Rated f ire barriers for compartmentation of laboratory suites w ithin buildings. 3. In laboratories above the 6th story, or in a story below grade plane, requirements for standby or emergencypow er for safety-related equipment and enhanced automatic sprinkler protection. 4. Automatic sprinkler design and density exceeding that w hich w ould be required by NFPA 45.

If the vertical f ire barrier betw een lab suites is required to be tw o-hour rated, a f ire rated duct enclosure, UL listedduct w rap, or multiple building shafts is required. Footnote c in the table allow s the vertical f ire barriers betw eenlaboratory suites on a f loor to be one-hour rated because of the reduced quantities of hazardous materials in eachlaboratory suite on the f loors above the 6th story, and additional safety provisions in Chapter 38 w hich apply to alllaboratories utilizing this chapter. In addition, chemical exhaust ducts routed through the one-hour rated barriersw ould be permitted to be installed w ithout f ire dampers, w here the duct needs to be routed to the nearest chemicalexhaust shaft. Fire dampers are not installed in laboratory exhaust ducts to maintain exhaust ventilation inlaboratories in the event of a f ire. In the IBC, section 714.1.1 and section 717.5.2, exception 3; and IMC 607.5.5 allowexhaust system ducts to penetrate f ire rated barriers and f ire rated shafts w ithout a f ire damper. These provisionscarry signif icant importance and allow multiple laboratory suites per f loor of a building. The footnote has no effect onother provisions of the code and does not change the structural f ire resistance requirements of IBC Chapter 6, orthe continuity requirements of IBC Chapter 7.


Historical f ire data over the last 25 years has show n that the vast majority of laboratory f ires do not typically extendbeyond the area, or even the room of origin. This is primarily due to the limited quantities of hazardous materials inuse, and the follow ing safety features that are incorporated into laboratory designs:1. Ventilation systems provide large volumes of airf low through laboratories to continuously remove hazardousvapors, fumes and gases. 2. Fume hoods provide local ventilation control for containment and removal of hazardous vapors, fumes and gasesduring the use of hazardous materials. 3. Automatic f ire sprinkler systems can confine the f ires to the room of origin4. Fire alarm systems provide prompt notif ication to building occupants and/or emergency responders. All of these structural safety features are required in some combination in laboratories utilizing this chapter, as w ellas the additional NFPA 45 requirements for monitoring of time-sensitive materials, limitations on container sizes andlimiting the density of f lammable liquids over the f loor area of laboratory space.

Section 3805. Provides and clarif ies general hazardous materials requirements for non-sprinklered laboratories.Provides an option to allow for very small quantities of prohibited materials in non-sprinklered laboratories. Enhancedsafety requirements in this section include:

1. All of those listed above in section 38032. Enhanced storage requirements in accordance w ith NFPA 453. Prohibition of storage of any incompatible materials. 4. Use of hazardous materials use must be in a chemical fume hood, glove box or other approved laboratoryequipment designed for the specif ic hazard. 5. The w ork area must be free of all unnecessary combustible materials6. There must be an appropriate extinguishing media located w ithin 20 feet.

Section 3806. Provides requirements for existing laboratories in existing sprinklered buildings. Enhanced safetyrequirements in this section include all of those in section 3803, including complete hazard analysis and safetyaudits, and limits on container sizes for all hazardous materials and density limits on f lammable liquids.

PART 2 REASON:Modif ies IBC 414.2 to identify that "Laboratory Suites" are an exception to traditional control area provisions.

PART 3 REASON:Modif ies IFC 604.2 to identify that "Laboratory Suites" require emergency or standby pow er.

PART 4 REASON:

Adds NFPA 45 as recognized standard.

This chapter w as w ritten and review ed by a national taskforce made up of f ire and life safety professionals fromcolleges, universities, municipal f ire organizations and private industry across the United States. Taskforce membersare individuals representing their ow n institutions, as w ell as members w ho w ere assigned participants by nationalcollege and university safety associations.

National endorsements:Campus Safety, Health, and Environmental Management Association (CSHEMA)Center for Campus Fire Safety (CCFS)

Chapter 38 Taskforce

Taskforce Chairperson – Morgana Yahnke, University of California, DavisUniversity Representatives:Zachary Adams, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and designated representative for CampusSafety, Health, and Environmental Management Association (CSHEMA)Dw ain Archer, University of LouisvilleJason Ellis, University of Kentucky, Principal Voting Member – NFPA 45Todd Griff in, University of South CarolinaWilliam Guffey, University of Maryland and designated representative for the Center for Campus Fire Safety (CCFS) Megan Hall, University of California, BerkeleyScott Jackson, University of California, Irvine


Joseph Klancher, University of MinnesotaKen Kretchman, North Carolina State UniversityPaige McKibbin, University of California, DavisMark Murray, University of Washington and designated representative for Campus Safety, Health, and EnvironmentalManagement Association (CSHEMA)Dale Saunders, University California, IrvineAnthony Yuen, University of California, Berkeley

Municipal and private fire and life safety professionals:Steve Forster, Tualatin Valley Fire & Rescue Reinhard Hanselka, CRBPat McLaughlin, McLaughlin & AssociatesAndrew Minister, Pacif ic Northw est National Laboratory, Chairperson – NFPA 45Lynn Nielson, City of Henderson, NevadaKenney Payne, Moseley Architects

This proposal is submitted by the ICC Fire Code Action Committee (FCAC). The FCAC w as established by the ICCBoard of Directors to pursue opportunities to improve and enhance assigned International Codes w ith regard to f iresafety and hazardous materials in new and existing buildings and facilities and the protection of life and property inw ildland urban interface areas. In 2014 and 2015 the Fire-CAC has held 5 open meetings. In addition, there w erenumerous conference calls, Regional Work Group and Task Group meetings for the current code development cycle,w hich included members of the committees as w ell as any interested parties, to discuss and debate the proposedchanges. Related documentation and reports are posted on the FCAC w ebsite at: FCAC


F340-16 : CHAPTER 38 (NEW)-O'BRIAN12200

Cost Impact: Will increase the cost of constructionThe code change proposal w ill increase the cost of construction for those entities choosing to voluntarily complyw ith the requirements of this chapter.

Analysis: A review of the standard(s) proposed for inclusion in the code, NFPA 45-2015 and UL1805 with regard to the ICC criteria for referenced standards (Section 3.6 of CP#28) will be posted onthe ICC website on or before April 1, 2016.


F366-16IFC: 5306, 5306.1, 5306.2, 5306.2.1, 5306.2.2, 5306.2.3, 5306.3, 5306.4,5306.5.Proponent : Robert Snyder, representing Washington Association of Building Officials Technical CodeDevelopment Committee ([email protected])

2015 International Fire CodeSECTION 5306 MEDICAL GASES

5306.1 General. Medical gases gas storage at health care-related facilities intended for patientcare, inhalation or sedation including, but not limited to, analgesia systems for dentistry,podiatry, veterinary and similar uses shall comply with Sections 5306.2 through 5306.4 inaddition to other requirements of this chapter and Section 427 of the International Building Code.

5306.2 Interior supply location. MedicalStorage of medical gases shall be stored in areas dedicated to the storage of such gases withoutother storage or uses. Where containers of medical gases in quantities greater than the permitamount are located inside buildings, they shall be in a 1-hour exterior room, a 1-hour interior roomor a gas cabinet in accordance with Section 5306.2.1, 5306.2.2 or 5306.2.3, respectively. Roomsor areas where medical gases are stored or used in quantities exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control areaas set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with theInternational Building Codefor high-hazard Group H occupancies.

5306.2.1 One-hour exterior rooms. A 1-hour exterior room shall be a room or enclosureseparated from the remainder of the building by fire barriers constructed in accordance withSection 707 of the International Building Code or horizontal assemblies constructed inaccordance with Section 711 of the International Building Code, or both, with a fire-resistancerating of not less than 1 hour. Openings between the room or enclosure and interior spaces shallbe self-closing smoke- and draft-control assemblies having a fire protection rating of not less than1 hour. Rooms shall have not less than one exterior wall that is provided with not less than twononclosable louvered vents. Each vent shall have a minimum free opening area of 24 36 squareinches (155 cm2) for each 1,000 cubic feet (28 m3) at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) ofgas stored in the room and shall be not less than 72 square inches (465 cm2) in aggregate freeopening area. One vent shall be within 6 inches (152 mm) of the floor and one shall be within 6inches (152 mm) of the ceiling. Rooms shall be provided with not less than one automaticsprinkler to provide container cooling in case of fire.

5306.2.2 One-hour interior room. Where an exterior wall cannot be provided for the room, a 1-hour interior room or enclosure shall be provided and separated from the remainder of the buildingby fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the International Building Code orhorizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711 of the International BuildingCode, or both, with a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 hour. Openings between the room orenclosure and interior spaces shall be self-closing smoke- and draft-control assemblies having afire protection rating of not less than 1 hour. An automatic sprinklers sprinkler system shall beinstalled within the room. The room shall be exhausted through a duct to the exterior. Supply andexhaust ducts shall be enclosed in a 1-hour-rated shaft enclosure from the room to the exterior.Approvedmechanical ventilation shall comply with the International Mechanical Codeand beprovided at a minimum rate of 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot [0.00508 m3/(s · m2)] of thearea of the room.


F366-16 : 5306.1-SNYDER11414

5306.2.3 Gas cabinets. Gas cabinets shall be constructed in accordance with Section 5003.8.6and shall comply with the following:

1. Constructed of not less than 0.097 inch (2.5mm) No. 12ga steel.2. Provided with self-closing limited access ports or noncombustible windows to give

access to equipment controls.3. The average velocity of ventilation at the face of access ports or windows shall be not

less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s) with not less than 150 feet per minute (0.76m/s) at any point of the access port or window.

3. Exhausted to the exterior through dedicated exhaust duct sysem installed inaccordance with Chapter 5 of the International Mechanical Code.

4. They shall be connected to an exhaust system.4. Supply and Exhaust shall be ducts shall be enclosed in a one-hour rated shaft

enclosure from the cabinet to the exterior. The average velocity of ventilation at theface of access ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s)with not less than 150 feet per minute (0.76 m/s) at any point of the access port orwindow.

5. They shall be internally sprinklered.5. Provided with an automatic sprinkler system internal to the cabinet.

5306.3 Exterior supply locations. Oxidizer medical gas systems located on the exterior of abuilding with quantities greater than the permit amount shall be located in accordance withSection 6304.2.1.

5306.4 Transfilling. Transfilling areas and operations including, but not limited to, ventilation andseparation, shall comply with NFPA 99.

5306.5 Medical gas systems. Medical gas systems including, but not limited to, distributionpiping, supply manifolds, connections, pressure regulators and relief devices and valves, shall beinstalled in accordance with NFPA 99 and the general provisions of this chapter. Existing medicalgas systems shall be maintained in accordance with the maintenance, inspection and testingprovisions of NFPA 99 for medical gas systems.

CHAPTER 53 COMPRESSED GASES

Reason: In the Group A Committee Hearings in Long Beach, proposal G127 w as approved as Modif ied by PublicComment. That proposal added the Medical Gas construction requirements found in the International Fire Code intothe International Bulding Code. During this process w e discovered the IFC code language did not provideclear direction on how to construct f ire separation betw een gas storage rooms and the remainder of the building.This w as corrected in G127. Per recommendation of the General Committee, this proposal is intented to provideconsistency betw een the IBC and the IFC by adding the same clarifying laguage to the IFC. There are no substantivechanges proposed to the requirements of IFC 5306.

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThere is no change to the code requirements therefore no added cost.


S83-16IBC: 1607.1.Proponent : Michael Anthony, University of Michigan, representing University of Michigan([email protected])

2015 International Building CodeRevise as follows:

TABLE 1607.1 (1607.1) MINIMUM UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LIVE LOADS, L0, AND MINIMUM CONCENTRATED LIVE LOADSg

OCCUPANCY OR USE UNIFORM (psf ) CONCENTRATED (pounds)

1. Apartments (see residential) — —

2. Access f loor sy stems

Of f ice use 50 2000

Computer use 100 2000

3. Armories and drill rooms 150m —

4. Assembly areas —

Fixed seats (f astened to f loor) 60m

Follow spot, projections and control rooms 50

Lobbies 100m

Mov able seats 100m

Stage f loors 150m

Platf orms (assembly ) 100m

Other assembly areas 100m

5. Balconies and deckshSame as occupancy

—AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

serv ed

6. Catwalks 40 300

7. Cornices 60 —

8. Corridors 100 Same as

occupancy serv ed

except as indicated

—

First f loor

Other f loors

9. Dining rooms and restaurants 100m —

10. Dwellings (see residential) — —

11. Elev ator machine room and control room grating (on area of 2

inches by 2 inches)— 300

12. Finish light f loor plate construction (on area of 1 inch by 1 inch) — 200

13. Fire escapes 100 —

On single-f amily dwellings only 40

14. Garages (passenger v ehicles only ) 40m Note a

Trucks and buses See Section 1607.7

15. Handrails, guards and grab bars See Section 1607.8

16. Helipads See Section 1607.6

17. Hospitals

Corridors abov e f irst f loor 80 1,000

Operating rooms, laboratories 60 1,000

Patient rooms 40 1,000


18. Hotels (see residential) — —

19. Libraries


Reading rooms 60 1,000

Stack rooms 150b, m 1,000

20 Laboratories

Animal Research Facility

Animal Research Facility with primates

Aquatic Facilities

Cagewash

Frozen Storage Ref rigeration Areas

Operating Rooms

Other laboratory uses

125

150

150

200

200

100

100

20. Manuf acturing

Heav y 250m 3,000

Light 125m 2,000

21. Marquees, except one-and two-f amily dwellings 75 —

22. Of f ice buildings


File and computer rooms shall be designed f or heav ier loads based

on anticipated occupancy— —


Lobbies and f irst-f loor corridors 100 2,000

Of f ices 50 2,000

OCCUPANCY OR USEUNIFORM

(psf )

CONCENTRATED

(pounds)

23. Penal institutions —

Cell blocks 40

Corridors 100

24. Recreational uses: —

Bowling alley s, poolrooms

and similar uses

75 m

Dance halls and ballrooms 100 m

Gy mnasiums 100 m

Ice skating rink 250 m

Rev iewing stands,

grandstands and bleachers

100 c, m

Roller skating rink 100 m

Stadiums and arenas with

f ixed seats (f astened to

f loor)

60 c, m

25. Residential —

One- and two-f amily

dwellings

Uninhabitable attics without 10 AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

storage i

Uninhabitable attics with

storage i, j, k

20

Habitable attics and

sleeping areas k

30

Canopies, including

marquees

20

All other areas 40

Hotels and multif amily

dwellings

Priv ate rooms and corridors

serv ing them

40

Public rooms m and

corridors serv ing them

100

26. Roof s

All roof surf aces subject to

maintenance workers

300

Awnings and canopies:

Fabric construction

supported by a skeleton

structure

5 Nonreducible

All other construction,

except one-and two-f amily

dwellings

20

Ordinary f lat, pitched, and

curv ed roof s (that are not

20


occupiable)

Primary roof members

exposed to a work f loor

Single panel point of lower

chord of roof trusses or any

point along primary

structural members

supporting roof s ov er

manuf acturing, storage

warehouses, and repair

garages

2,000 All other primary roof

members

300

Occupiable roof s:

Roof gardens 100

Assembly areas 100 m

All other similar areas Note 1 Note 1

27. Schools

Classrooms 40 1,000


First-f loor corridors 100 1,000

28. Scuttles, sky light ribs

and accessible ceilings— 200

29. Sidewalks, v ehicular

driv eway s and y ards,

subject to trucking

250 d, m 8,000 e

OCCUPANCY OR USEUNIFORM

(psf )

CONCENTRATED

(pounds)


30. Stairs and exits

One- and two-f amily dwellings 40 300f

All other 100 300f

31. Storage warehouses (shall be designed f or heav ier loads if

required f or anticipated storage)

—Heav y 250m

Light 125m

32. Stores

Retail

First f loor 100 1,000

Upper f loors 75 1,000

Wholesale, all f loors 125m 1,000

33. Vehicle barriers See Section 1607.8.3

34. Walkway s and elev ated platf orms (other than exitway s) 60 —

35. Yards and terraces, pedestrians 100m —

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square inch = 645.16 mm 2 ,

1 square f oot = 0.0929 m 2 ,

1 pound per square f oot = 0.0479 kN/m 2 , 1 pound = 0.004448 kN,

1 pound per cubic f oot = 16 kg/m 3 .

a. Floors in garages or portions of buildings used f or the storage of motor v ehicles shall be designed f or the unif ormly distributedliv e loads of this Table or the f ollowing concentrated loads: (1) f or garages restricted to passenger v ehicles accommodating not

more than nine passengers, 3,000 pounds acting on an area of 4 1 / 2 inches by 4 1 / 2 inches; (2) f or mechanical parking structureswithout slab or deck that are used f or storing passenger v ehicles only , 2,250 pounds per wheel.

b. The loading applies to stack room f loors that support nonmobile, double-f aced library book stacks, subject to the f ollowinglimitations:

1. The nominal book stack unit height shall not exceed 90 inches;

2. The nominal shelf depth shall not exceed 12 inches f or each f ace; andAdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

3. Parallel rows of double-f aced book stacks shall be separated by aisles not less than 36 inches wide.

c. Design in accordance with ICC 300.

d. Other unif orm loads in accordance with an approv ed method containing prov isions f or truck loadings shall be considered whereappropriate.

e. The concentrated wheel load shall be applied on an area of 4.5 inches by 4.5 inches.

f . The minimum concentrated load on stair treads shall be applied on an area of 2 inches by 2 inches. This load need not beassumed to act concurrently with the unif orm load.

g. Where snow loads occur that are in excess of the design conditions, the structure shall be designed to support the loads due tothe increased loads caused by drif t buildup or a greater snow design determined by the building of f icial (see Section 1608).

h. See Section 1604.8.3 f or decks attached to exterior walls.

i. Uninhabitable attics without storage are those where the maximum clear height between the joists and raf ters is less than 42inches, or where there are not two or more adjacent trusses with web conf igurations capable of accommodating an assumedrectangle 42 inches in height by 24 inches in width, or greater, within the plane of the trusses. This liv e load need not be assumed toact concurrently with any other liv e load requirements.

j. Uninhabitable attics with storage are those where the maximum clear height between the joists and raf ters is 42 inches orgreater, or where there are two or more adjacent trusses with web conf igurations capable of accommodating an assumed rectangle42 inches in height by 24 inches in width, or greater, within the plane of the trusses.

The liv e load need only be applied to those portions of the joists or truss bottom chords where both of the f ollowing conditions aremet:

i. The attic area is accessible f rom an opening not less than 20 inches in width by 30 inches in length that is located where theclear height in the attic is a minimum of 30 inches; and

ii. The slopes of the joists or truss bottom chords are no greater than two units v ertical in 12 units horizontal.

The remaining portions of the joists or truss bottom chords shall be designed f or a unif ormly distributed concurrent liv e load of notless than 10 pounds per square f oot.

k. Attic spaces serv ed by stairway s other than the pull-down ty pe shall be designed to support the minimum liv e load specif ied f orhabitable attics and sleeping rooms.

l. Areas of occupiable roof s, other than roof gardens and assembly areas, shall be designed f or appropriate loads as approv ed bythe building of f icial. Unoccupied landscaped areas of roof s shall be designed in accordance with Section 1607.12.3.

m. Liv e load reduction is not permitted unless specif ic exceptions of Section 1607.10 apply .

Reason: Square-footage in the education and healthcare facilities industry used for laboratory research issignif icant. The absence of guidance on live loading for this use/occupancy class in the International Building Code isnotew orthy. The specif ic information correlating use/occupancy/type of space for laboratories originates from aNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Off ice of Research Facilities requirement for buildings that the NIH funds and isavailable at this link:http://orf.od.nih.gov/PoliciesAndGuidelines/BiomedicalandAnimalResearchFacilitiesDesignPoliciesandGuidelines/DRMHTMLver/Chapter5/Pages/Section5-2StructuralLoadRequirements.aspx

From the NIH/ORF Table 5-2 w e have extracted only the occupancy/use categories that apply to laboratories in ourindustry.

Remarks:

1. This table may not be appropriate for all non-NIH laboratories but it is a starting point. We w ere unable to locate theresearch (if any) that provided the technical substantiation for these numbers. We did, how ever, consult w ith manystructural engineers during 2014 to discuss this proposal. Since the cdpAccess system did not process edits to thetable, our tabulation is show n more fully here:

Laboratories / 100

Animal Research Facility / 125

Animal Research Facility With Primates / 150

Aquatic Facilities / 150

Cagew ash / 200 AdHoc Healthcare-Agenda Item 6.1 of 163

S83-16 : TABLE 1607.1-ANTHONY5121

Frozen Storage, Refrigeration Areas / 200

Operating Rooms / 100

The link to the NIH/ORF show s the formatted table w e are copying.

3. We used an on-line kPa to psf unit converter and rounded up

4. University of Michigan Plant Operations is w illing to provide impetus for research to get these numbers right andw ill coordinate w ith the ASCE Structural Engineering Institute

ASCE Structural Engineering Institute Table 4-1 w hich also does not contain requirements for laboratories. We havecommunicated w ith the Live Loading Subcommittee about w hat appears to be a gap and/or a correlation issuebetw een IBC Table 1607 and ASCE SEI Minimum Distributed Live Load Table 4-1

Bibliography: The specif ic information correlating use/occupancy/type of space for laboratories originates from aNational Institutes of Health (NIH) Off ice of Research Facilities requirement for buildings that the NIH funds and isavailable at these links:http://orf2.od.nih.gov/orfphones.asp?division=OD

http://orf.od.nih.gov/PoliciesAndGuidelines/BiomedicalandAnimalResearchFacilitiesDesignPoliciesandGuidelines/DRMHTMLver/Chapter5/Pages/Section5-2StructuralLoadRequirements.aspx

From the NIH/ORF Table 5-2 w e have extracted only the occupancy/use categories that apply to laboratories in ourindustry.

Signif icant professional expertise w as provided by structural engineers at Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.,Thornton Tomasetti, Purdue University and the University of Michigan

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionCost impact could go either w ay. Concepts that recommend "designing for future uses" need to be approached w ith some care because of thelikelihood that future uses that require higher structural loading design may never materialize. The standards andcode of many building industry disciplines – electrical, mechanical, etc. -- are found to over-state the need thedesign for future use that never occurs; thereby stranding investment. If an Ow ner w ants to change theoccupancy/use class so signif icantly that the building's structure needs re-design, then the new project to re-purpose the use/occupancy classif ication should bear the cost of additional structural loading capability.


S113-16IBC: 1613.1.Proponent : James Bela, self, representing Oregon Earthquakie Awareness ([email protected])

2015 International Building CodeRevise as follows:

1613.1 Scope. Every structure, and portion thereof, including nonstructural components that arepermanently attached to structures and their supports and attachments, shall be designed andconstructed to resist the effects of earthquake motions in accordance with ASCE 7, excludingChapter 14 and Appendix 11A. The seismic design category for a structure is permitted to bedetermined in accordance with Section 1613 or ASCE 7.

Exceptions:1. Detached one- and two-family dwellings, assigned to Seismic Design Category

A, B or C, or located where the mapped short-period spectral responseacceleration, SS, is less than 0.4 g.

2. The seismic force-resisting system of wood-frame buildings that conform to theprovisions of Section 2308 are not required to be analyzed as specified in thissection.

3. Agricultural storage structures intended only for incidental human occupancy.4. Structures that require special consideration of their response characteristics

and environment that are not addressed by this code or ASCE 7 and for whichother regulations provide seismic criteria, such as vehicular bridges, electricaltransmission towers, hydraulic structures, buried utility lines and theirappurtenances and nuclear reactors.

1. The seismic force-resisting system of wood-frame buildings that conform to theprovisions of Section 2308 are not required to be analyzed as specified in thissection.

2. Agricultural storage structures intended only for incidental human occupancy.3. Structures that require special consideration of their response characteristics

and environment that are not addressed by this code or ASCE 7 and for whichother regulations provide seismic criteria, such as vehicular bridges, electricaltransmission towers, hydraulic structures, buried utility lines and theirappurtenances and nuclear reactors.

Reason: SDCs do not realistically ref lect the Magnitudes of earthquakes that may impact said "Detached one- andtw o-family dw ellings," nor their associated real intensities of shaking (accelerations and velocities, including pga andpgv); (2) the contour seismic hazard-model maps, upon w hich the assigned SDCs are determined, are (a) numericalcreations w ithout physical reality; (b) mathematically f law ed and incorrect (because a dimensionless number, theprobability in one year, is arbitrarily assigned dimensional terms of "per yr." or annual frequency – leading to theimproperly applied notion of a so-called earthquake "return period" as the basis on assigning earthquake designloads; and (c) non-stable betw een iterative cycles of creations (sometimes varying 25-30% betw een issues; and(d) SS or Spectral Response Acceleration is both confusing, misunderstood, and most certainly incorrectlyinterpreted or understood by all of the vast entities (state decision makers, code off icials, design professionals,contractors and probably even the preponderance of ICC Committee members as w ell as Hearings attendees!For example, see TAKE ME HOME SEISMIC LOADS


Cost breakdow n of off ice buildings, hotels and hospitals

Bibliography: Cost Breakdown of Nonstructural Building ElementsTaghavi, S. and Miranda, E. (2003). Cost Breakdow n of Nonstructural Building Elements, PEER Report 2003/05,Pacif ic Earthquake Engineering Rese3arch Center, U.C. Berkeley, 96 p.

Performance of Nonstructural Components during the 27 February 2010 Chile Earthquake.Eduardo Miranda, Gilberto Mosqueda, Rodrigo Retamales, and Gokhan Pekcan (2012) Performance of NonstructuralComponents during the 27 February 2010 Chile Earthquake. Earthquake Spectra: June 2012, Vol. 28, No. S1, pp.S453-S471.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000032http://w w w .earthquakespectra.org/doi/abs/10.1193/1.4000032 Low-Cost Earthquake Solutions for Nonengineered Residential Construction in Developing RegionsHolliday, L. and Kang, T. (2014). "Low -Cost Earthquake Solutions for Nonengineered Residential Construction inDeveloping Regions." J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000630, 04014141.Permalink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000630Read More: http://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29CF.1943-5509.0000630

Homeowner's Guide to Earthquake SafetyCalifornia Seismic Safety Commission, 2005 Edition, 49 p.http://w w w .disclosuresource.com/dow nloads/earthquake.pdf

Retrofitting Questions and AnswersEarthquake Safety, Inc., 2015 (w eb based)http://w w w .earthquakesafety.com/earthquake-retrof itting-faq.html

Cost and Seismic Designhttps://w w w .google.com/#q=cost+and+seismic+design+christopher+arnold+pdf

Earthquake Architecture websitehttp://w w w .iitk.ac.in/nicee/w cee/article/14_05-06-0185.PDF

Cost Analyses and Benefit Studies for Earthquake-Resistant Construction in Memphis, TennesseeNIST GCR 14-917-26 2013, 249 p. NEHRP Consultants Joint Venture A partnership of the Applied TechnologyCouncil and the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering.

1988 Uniform Building Codehttp://shop.iccsafe.org/1988-uniform-building-code-dow nload-1.htmlhttp://w w w .amazon.com/Uniform-Building-Code-1988-Edition/dp/B003EB5BB0

1990 SEAOC BLUE BOOKhttp://seaoc.org/bookstore/overview -perspective-1988-ubc-and-blue-book-applicable-1990-edition

1997 Uniform Building Codehttp://w w w .iamcivilengineer.com/2014/08/dow nload-uniform-building-code-ubc-97.html

Robert E. Bachman and David R. Bonneville (2000) The Seismic Provisions of the 1997 Uniform Building Code . Earthquake Spectra: February 2000, Vol. 16, No.


S113-16 : 1613.1-BELA11816

1, pp. 85-100.http://w w w .earthquakespectra.org/doi/abs/10.1193/1.1586084?journalCode=eqsa

Cost Impact: Will not increase the cost of constructionThis proposal may or may not affect the cost of construction. This is (1) because detached one- and tw o-familydw ellings must be already built to w ithstand the lateral forces due to w ind; and (2) must include basements, "saferooms"), or other afforded protections to protect occupants against the deadly impacts of hurricanes and tornadoes.The point is; Detached one- and tw o-family need to consider the maximum Magnitude of realistric scenarioearthquakes that they could, in fact, experience.And not be constructed vulnerable to earthquakes, because a f law ed numerical hazard model "guesses" incorrectlyas to the likelihood or possibility of earthquakes. This should remain a rational and a scientif ic decision based uponprotecting both public safety and property. A second point is that "cost" due to structural elements is almost alw aysless than 80% of the cost of a building!

"In general, better seismic performance is achieved through increased lateral design forces (i.e., base shear), anddetailing requirements that improve structural connection strength or structural member behavior in the inelasticrange of response. Requirements for seismic bracing and anchorage of nonstructural components reduce potentialfor nonstructural damage and loss of building (or system) functionality."*

* viii, Executive Summary, NIST GCR 14-917-26Cost Analyses and Benefit Studies for Earthquake-Resistant Construction in Memphis, Tennessee,2013, 249 p.NEHRP Consultants Joint Venture A partnership of the Applied Technology Council and the Consortium ofUniversities for Research in Earthquake Engineering.

In general, w here costs might be increased, cost premiums above requirements for w ind tend to fall w ithin a rangeof +1-3%. For cases w here seismic requirements w ould be now additional to w hat previous codeseither applied/neglected/failed to enforce, estimates probably w ould fall w ithin the range of 0.25 - 1%.


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