ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO STUDY AND FOR YOUR STUDY GUIDE

Circulatory System and Other Systems that work

together

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Fatty deposits called plaque

Builds up in walls of arteries

Obstructs flow

HYPERTENSION

High blood pressureHearts works harder than necessary

Increases risk of heart attack or stroke

HEART ATTACK

Atherosclerosis in coronary artery

Heart muscle begins to die Symptoms

NauseaShortness of breathSevere chest painIMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY

STROKE

Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain

Brain cells die due to lack of oxygenOr blood vessel burst

Can lead to paralysis, loss of ability to speakdeath

Blood Types

Four TypesABABO

Inherited from your parents

Blood Types

What happens when you mix blood types?

If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING

Type O is the universal donor

Type AB is the universal acceptor

Rh Factor

Rhesus factor (Rh), also inheritedRh+ (have antigen on RBC)

Rh- (NO antigen)

What Makes Our Blood Type?

Blood Type of Donor

A

B

AB

O

Blood Type of Recipient

A B AB O

Unsuccessful transfusion Successful transfusion

Blood Transfusions

Lymphatic System

The lymphatic system is known as your body’s drainage system.

The lymphatic system is a network of vein-like vessels that returns the fluid to the blood stream

The fluid is called lymph.Lymph consists of water, dissolved substances (glucose), and WBC.

Lymph is fluid that moves through the walls of the capillaries into surrounding tissues. It will again rejoin the cardiovascular system.

The fluid of the lymphatic system travels through knobs of tissue called lymph nodes. When you are sick, your lymph nodes will enlarge because your body is fighting infection (traps bacteria, etc. by filtering lymph).

Immune SystemPathogen – organisms that cause disease

An infectious disease is a – disease caused by the presence of a living thing within the body

Types of pathogens that cause illness:BacteriaVirusesFungiProtists

Lines of DefenseFirst line of defense:Barriers: skin, breathing passages, mouth and stomach

Second line of defense:Inflammatory response: WBC, inflammation, fever

Third line of defense:Immune response: T cells and B cells

Immune Response

T cells – identify pathogens and distinguish what type they are

Antigens – molecules the immune system recognizes as part of your body or as foreign

Immune Response

• B cells – produce proteins that destroy pathogens The proteins are called

antibodies

HIV

Attacks the human immune system directly and destroys T cells