MLT 804Design Studios

Chai Ching Sing

So HJ

National Institute of Education

Nanyang Technological University

Singapore

http://155.69.84.21/php/dbcr/Resource/S0115/survey.htm

Introduce Ourselves

• Share with the class – Name, place of work, some job

responsibilities– Your training / teaching / lesson design

experience– What you hope to learn from the MLT 804

programme

The field of instructional design

A systematic approach to generate teaching and learning/

instructional packages

Historical Development of the Field

• 1900s – 1945 – Audiovisual movement in schools & military (WWII)

• 1950s – 60s – Programmed instruction• 1970s – Systems approach operationalized as

procedural models for instructional design• 1980s – Computer-based instruction• 1990s – Human Performance Technology• 2000s - Complex learning/ Constructivism/

Learning sciences (sociocultural )

What is instructional design?

Also known as Instructional Systems Design (ISD)

… a complex, integrated process involving people, procedures, ideas, devices, and organization, for analyzing problems and devising, implementing, evaluating, and managing solutions to those problems, involved in all aspects of human learning. (AECT, 1977, p.1).

What is instructional design?

A systematic and systemic approach for developing education and training programs in a consistent and reliable fashion.

“the process of solving instructional problems by systematic analysis of the conditions for learning” (Seels & Glasgow, 1998, p.1)

Instructional Knowledge and skills gaps

Systems Occurs within a system

Technology Equipment/tools (computer/ flowchart/ job aids)

The ADDIE process

ADDIE

• Analysis– what is to be learned?

• Design– how learning will occur

• Development– authoring and producing materials

• Implementation- doing it

• Evaluation– impacts of the how

An Instructional Design ModelAn Instructional Design Model -- -- ADDIEADDIEAn Instructional Design ModelAn Instructional Design Model -- -- ADDIEADDIE

Analyze

Design

Develop

Implement

Evaluate

Perspective 1:Step-by-step inprescribed order

An Instructional Design ModelAn Instructional Design Model

ADDIEADDIE

An Instructional Design ModelAn Instructional Design Model

ADDIEADDIEPerspective 2:Defined steps but noprescribed order

Activity 1

• How do you go about designing lesson for your students?

• Is there a problem with your process of designing lesson? What could those be?

• Post your answer in BB/Discussion Forum• Class discussion

During ANALYSIS:ANALYSIS:During ANALYSIS:ANALYSIS:

• it is determined whether there is an instructional problem.

• the goal of the instructional program or product is established.

• learner needs are evaluated.

• a project plan for design and development is laid out.

ANALYSISANALYSIS

Some related terms and activitiesSome related terms and activities

ANALYSISANALYSIS

Some related terms and activitiesSome related terms and activities

Front End Analysis

• Needs Analysis

• Task Analysis/ Content Analysis

• Instructional Analysis

(Learner Analysis)

During DESIGN:DESIGN:During DESIGN:DESIGN:

• State the goals/Problem statement

• objectives are specified

• subject matter is analysed

• the sequence of presentation/ lesson is determined

• Instructional strategies are chosen

• assessment proceduresare selected

DESIGNDESIGN

StrategiesStrategies

DESIGNDESIGN

StrategiesStrategies

• Lots of instructional approaches/models/strategies to choose from, each with a different purpose

• None are prescribed fomulae or recipes

• All need to be adaptedto specific learningproblems

During DEVELOPMENT:DEVELOPMENT:During DEVELOPMENT:DEVELOPMENT:

• A ‘real’ version of the project/ product/ programme is created

• a pilot test of the initial version of the product is tried out

• a prototype of the actual product is created as it will be used bythe intended audience.

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

Some activitiesSome activities

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

Some activitiesSome activities

Text, graphics, video production

Computer programming

Editing and debugging

Writing test questions

Mock-ups and Pilots

Rapid Prototyping

During IMPLEMENTATION:IMPLEMENTATION:During IMPLEMENTATION:IMPLEMENTATION:

• the product is installed in the actual learning environment.

• the product is integrated with other management support systems.

IMPLEMENTATIONIMPLEMENTATION

Some activitiesSome activities

IMPLEMENTATIONIMPLEMENTATION

Some activitiesSome activities

Training goes “live”, sometimes in conjunction with other initiatives

Integration with Learning Environment

Staff Training

During EVALUATION:EVALUATION:During EVALUATION:EVALUATION:

• (actually not a single stagein the ID process)

• quality assurance

• achievement of training goals and objectives is assessed.

• impact on organizational outcomes are sometimes assessed.

EVALUATIONEVALUATION

Major typesMajor types

EVALUATIONEVALUATION

Major typesMajor types

Formative

Summative

We are research oriented

Summary of session 1

• So what is instructional design?

• What is ADDIE?

• Why are we designing lesson based on this scheme?

• How are we different from professional instruction designers?

Thank you