adaptation finance tracking
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Adaptation Finance Tracking ... and answers to all your adaptation finance questions!TRANSCRIPT
…and answers to all your adaptation finance questions!
Pieter Terpstra, WRI Adaptation Summer Brownbag Series, September 9th, 2013
Adaptation
FINANCE Tracking
Content
• Defining Adaptation Finance – Context Specific – Dynamic – Not about finance
• Accountability and Transparency Project – Country Results – Next Steps
What is Adaptation to Climate Change? Adaptation activates can fall along a continuum
Managing Climate Risk
Vulnerability Focus Impacts focus
Developing monitoring capacity, collecting climate data, executing risk assessments, etc.
Developing networks, capacity building, research into farming practices, etc.
Building Response Capacity
Confronting Climate Change
Improving flood defenses, reducing the risk of glacial lake outburst floods, etc.
Addressing Drivers of Vulnerability
Programs focused on poverty reduction, health, diversification of livelihood strategies, etc.
What is Adaptation Finance?
• Context Specific - Climate change impacts vary from place to place
• Dynamic - what counts as effective
adaptation in a specific context today may no longer count as effective adaptation 25 years from now.
What is Adaptation Finance? • It’s not about finance - Adaptation is about
going beyond business-as-usual and incorporating the possible effects of climate change into the design of an activity.
• But, deciding which part of “beyond business-as-usual” should count towards adaptation finance is difficult to determine.
• For an example, see http://www.wri.org/blog/difficulty-defining-adaptation-finance
How much do we need?
Commitment in Copenhagen, 2009: ‘Mobilize $100 billion per year by 2020’ for adaptation and mitigation in vulnerable countries
Organization Amount Estimated UNFCCC $28-67 billion per year until
2030 Project Catalyst $26-77 billion per year until
2030 World Bank $75-100 billion per year
until 2050
Are we on track?
• OECD commitments decreased from USD 8.5 billion in 2010 to USD 7.5 billion in 2011
• MDBs estimate an expenditure of approximately USD 4.5 billion in 2011
• Climate Funds pledges approximately USD 29 billion of which USD 1.5 billion for adaptation
• Big question is how much funding was raised by countries through their national budget
The Issue
• Local communities in vulnerable countries will feel the biggest impact of climate change
• Reaching local communities with support is notoriously difficult How much adaptation funding is reaching
vulnerable communities?
Adaptation is Local!
Adaptation Finance Accountability Initiative http://www.wri.org/publication/the-plumbing-of-adaptation-finance
AFAI Project Objective
Empower coalitions of local civil society organizations to monitor and influence
adaptation finance Countries Nepal, Zambia, Uganda and Philippines
Partners Oxfam, ODI, WRI, Clean Energy Nepal, Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities, Uganda Climate Action Network, Zambia Climate Change Network
AFAI Project
Phase 1 - Mapping of international flows - Institutional analysis Phase 2 - Deep dive research into selected flows - National and international level advocacy
Unraveling Adaptation Finance Flows: It’s Not Straightforward
• start
International to National Adaptation Finance Flows
Bilateral
Local Gov.
National Gov. (Min. Finance)
Multilateral
Beneficiaries
Line Ministries / Agencies / others
CSOs
Natl. sources
Conditional Unconditional
Local Taxes
International Financial Streams
National Financial Streams
NB National institutions can also be beneficiary
Special Funds
Phase 1 – Methodology
• Gather data from public sources
• Assess adaptation relevance – Primary focus – Significant focus
• Compile data into one database
• Analysis of data
Findings – Commitments
$-
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011
Nepal Nepal PhilippinesPhilippines Uganda Uganda Zambia Zambia
Mill
ions
PrimarySignificant
Main recipients
Main sectors
Main sectors
Five Principles for Good Delivery of Adaptation Finance at the Local Level
1. Transparency
2. Ownership
3. Responsiveness
4. Participation
5. Equity
Transparency?
• A recipient of the finance was mentioned in 55% of projects
• An actual location was given in the project document 21% of the time
Transparency – Geographic Mapping?
• start
Projects rarely list geographical location – defaulted to the capital, Lusaka
Ownership?
Channel Nepal Philippines Uganda Zambia National Organization 41% 62% 42% 85% Donor Organization 23% 29% 39% Multilateral 14% 6% Other 22% 9% 19% 9%
Responsive?
Nat
iona
l Prio
ritie
s
Nepal Philippines Uganda Zambia Agriculture and Food Security
Food Security Forestry Land Use (agriculture and forestry)
Water Resources and energy
Water Sufficiency Weather/climate information
Water
Climate- induced disasters
Ecological and Environmental stability
Water resources Health and social infrastructure
Forests and biodiversity
Human Security Agriculture Physical infrastructure
Public health Climate friendly industries and services
Wildlife Transport
Urban Settlements and infrastructure
Sustainable energy Health Energy
Knowledge and capacity development
Mining
The Philippines Philippines
Food Security – 11% Water Sufficiency – Not Listed Ecological and Environmental stability – 20% Human Security – 10% Climate friendly industries and services – Not Listed Sustainable energy – Not Listed Knowledge and capacity development – Not Listed
Uganda Uganda
Forestry – Not Listed Weather / climate information – 11%
Water Resources – Portion of 76%
Agriculture – 5%
Wildlife – 6%
Health – Not Listed
Participation? Country National Climate
Policy National Coordination Role of Local Government Civil Society
Engagement Nepal Climate Change
Council headed by Prime Minister
Multi-sectoral Climate Change Initiatives Coordination Committee (MCCICC)
Ministry for Local Development is member of CCC; 3 Local government representatives in MCCICC
NGOs and academe have seats in MCCICC
Philippines Climate Change Commission chaired by President
- Advisory Board and technical committee not formalized yet - Cabinet Cluster on Climate Change (CCCC)
Secretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government, and Representatives of each sub-national administration level are part of the Advisory Board
NGOs, academia and private sector are part of the advisory board
Uganda Proposed National Climate Change Policy Committee to be chaired by the Prime Minister
Proposed National Climate Change Advisory Committee (NCCAC)
District Authorities and Ministry of Local Government have seats in NCCAC
Proposed engagement in the National Climate Change Advisory Committee
Zambia Proposed National Climate Change Development Committee (NCCDC)
Transitional Climate Change Secretariat under Ministry of Finance; Proposed working groups under the NCCDC
Local government is described as a constituency in the proposed NCCDC organizational chart
NGO climate network proposed as member of the NCCDC
Equity?
Country Gender in OECD
Represented in National Institutions
Gender Analysis in Strategy
Gender Incorporated into Plan
Nepal 77% No formal position No No Philippines 77% Chairperson of the National
Commission on the role of Filipino Women is a member of the Advisory Board to the CCC
Recognizes women and children in rural areas; Mandates gender sensitive approach
Some actions included
Uganda 63% Insufficient detail in proposed structure
Mandates gender mainstreaming
No plan available as of yet
Zambia 57% Insufficient detail in proposed structure
Gender is cross-cutting issue
NCCRS includes specific interventions
Next steps
Country In depth tracking Nepal Special climate funds
3 districts Philippines 2 domestic funds
2 donor projects Uganda 3 districts Zambia 3 districts
