Activity 1: Cornell Notes !

Biology Objective / Essential Question:

!

Main Ideas / Questions: 1. ______________________ 2.

Notes: What Mendel Taught Us:

• Alleles!(genes)!come!in!two!forms:!

!

Simple'Recessive'Disorders'

Cause:'

Genotype:'

Carriers?'

Cystic'Fibrosis'(CF)'

• This'is'the'most'common'genetic'disorder'among'white'Americans.'

– 1'in'20'white'Americans'carries'this'recessive'allele,'and'1'in'2,000'children'inherit'the'disorder.'

• CF'causes'thick'mucus'to'buildup'in'the'respiratory'and'upper'digestive'systems.'

• Cross'a'male'who'is'unaffected'(FF)'with'a'female'who'is'a'carrier'(Ff)'for'Cystic'Fibrosis.'

– What'is'the'probability'of'producing'a'carrier'child?'

– What'is'the'probability'of'producing'a'child'with'CF?'

___________________________________________________________________'

Stop & Jot: Cross a carrier woman with a male who has CF. What is the probability of producing an unaffected child?'

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Main Ideas / Questions: 2. ______________________ ______________________ 3.

Notes: Phenylketonuria (PKU)

• PKU!is!a!recessive!disorder!that!prevents!the!production!of!a!very!important!enzyme.!

– This!enzyme!converts!phenylalanine!into!a!different!amino!acid.!

• If!phenylalanine!continues!to!buildup!in!the!body!it!results!in!severe!damage!to!the!central!nervous!system.!

• Cross!a!carrier!male!(Aa)!for!PKU!with!a!woman!who!has!PKU!(aa).!

– What!is!the!probability!of!producing!a!carrier!child?!

– What!is!the!probability!of!producing!a!child!with!PKU?!

___________________________________________________________________!

Stop & Jot: Cross two parents who are both carriers for PKU. Is it possible for these parents to have a child who has the disorder?

'

___________________________________________________________________!

Simple'Dominant'Heredity'

Cause:'

Genotypes:'

Carriers?'

Huntington’s'Disease'

• Deadly'genetic'disorder'caused'by'a'rare'dominant'allele.'

– This'results'in'the'breakdown'of'certain'areas'of'the'brain'leading'to'death.'

• Onset'of'the'disease'usually'occurs'between'the'ages'of'30'and'50.'

'

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Main Ideas / Questions: ______________________ ______________________ 4.

Notes:

• Cross a male who is heterozygous (Hh) for Huntington’s disease with an unaffected female (hh).

– What is the probability of producing an unaffected child? – What is the probability of producing a child with Huntington’s

disease? ___________________________________________________________________

Stop & Jot: Cross a father who is homozygous for Huntington’s disease with a woman who is unaffected. What is the probability of this couple having an unaffected child?

'

___________________________________________________________________ What Mendel Didn’t Know…

Non-Mendelian (Alternative) Inheritance Patterns …because our traits are not simply dominant or recessive!

Recap: Mendelian Inheritance

What it means Example Image

Mendelian Genetics:

What it means Example Image Incomplete Dominance -

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

! !

!

!

!

!

!

Main Ideas / Questions: ______________________ 5. ______________________ 6.

Notes: Stop & Jot:

Cross a pink snapdragon (Rr) with a white snapdragon (rr). What a the possible phenotypes of this cross?

'

___________________________________________________________________'

Codominance -

Stop & Jot:

Cross a roan cow with a red cow. List all the possible genotypes of this cross.

'

___________________________________________________________________'

Multiple Alleles -

Stop & Jot:

A woman with Type O blood has a baby with Type B blood. Who is the baby daddy? Freddy – Type O Fernando – Type AB Fellow – Type A

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Main Ideas / Questions: 7.

Notes: Polygenic Inheritance -

Stop & Jot:

Determine whether the following scenarios are examples of codominance or incomplete dominance:

1. TT( tall) x tt (short) Tt (medium-sized) 2. RR (red flower) x WW (white flower) RW (red with white spots) 3. CC (curly hair) x cc (straight hair) Cc (wavy hair)

Why can blood type be an example of both multiple alleles and codominance?