Sultan Qaboos UniversityCollege of Education

Instructional & Learning Technology DepartmentTECH4101

Done by: Munira AlhadhramiID: 94106

Actions Model

ACTIONS Model

For selecting distance education media and technology

Printed materials

Access:

How accessible is a particular technology for learners?

Printed materials are extremely portable and accessible. Students can access for printed materials by sent it through email or which are available in libraries. Print materials can be used anywhere at any time, and students can review the materials at their own speed.

How flexible is it for a particular target group?

It is flexible for target group, they can choice what they want of printed materials and Students don't need special equipment to use it.It could be available online.

Costs:

What is the cost structure of each technology?

The cost structures of printed materials are relatively inexpensive to develop or distribute. Print materials are cost effective don’t need to pay more money.

What is the unit cost per student?

The cost per unit is $.05 on printing in most of the colleges and it seems very sheep. The print unit cost of the courses for 100 students or more a years is still very low.

What are the opportunity costs vs. other technology choices?

A large portion of the printed materials distributed by industry, are now provided through electronic fulfillment. Electronic fulfillment has lowered the cost per unit, eliminated printed material obsolescence, and created flexibility to tailor materials, improved turnaround times. The Web has given us on-line World Wide access to information. But we still rely on printed materials sometimes in a different form. The next generation of print fulfillment companies will harness technology even more.

Teaching and Learning:

What kinds of learning are needed? The learning needed such technology method is by lecturing the content to students by

sending the content and textbook via email. What instructional approaches will best meet these needs?

All what learner needs to use print materials to reach more than of information and knowledge by using print materials (brochures, postcards, business cards, posters, books, promotional literature, etc.) or other in website, email and social media. And, for people who are not on the computer for their day job, paper may still be one of the best ways to reach them.

What are the best technologies for supporting teaching and learning in this environment?

Distance learning, print materials provide such way of learning in your own time and place. Teacher can provide print materials in textbook or sent it via email and student can learn by dealing directly in content. Both of receiver and sender have the same content so; the lesson will be more successful.

Can the content be adapted to the technology?

Print materials can be adapt any type of subject because it depend only in provide complete information about that subject. Print materials can be available for learner to facilitate the learning by provide an informational brochure or catalog can be on hand for reference, even when online options are not available. Some people prefer to "dog ear" or bookmark printed material or take notes right on the printed page.

What skills does the technology develop?

Print materials can develop skills of deep understanding of the content, writing notes, reading skill.

Interactivity and User-friendliness:

What kind of interaction does this technology enable?

In print materials there is one interaction between student and content. Student can deal directly with materials and they can highlight and classifying subject.

How easy is it to use and learn?

It is easy to use and learn for professional and beginner. It does not need to learn how to use or for additional equipment.

Organizational Issues:

What are the organizational requirements to provide stability and support?

It is very important to provide stability and support for print materials and to make sure that courses will be successful. Also should provide supports organizations to produce print material in alternative formats for people with print disability who are unable to read standard print with ease due to vision impairment, a physical disability or a learning disability. Also there an expert’s matter who can modify any things in the content of printed materials and improve the quality of printing materials.

What are the barriers to using this technology successfully within the institution?

Printed materials don’t reach young people with a low level of literacy. Many people find it easier to understand and related to spoken word than to the

printed word or even pictures, so do not fit with all learning styles. There is only one way of interaction that printed materials support

What changes need to be made within the organization to incorporate the technology?

Solving the circumstance related to the barriers will make essential change that come incorporating such technologies.

Novelty:

How new is the technology?

Printed materials are not novel absolutely, it is the first technology has been used and it develops later after technology revaluation. In 1700–1900 they Use of mail to deliver course material.

What are its technical capabilities?

Printed materials provide more credible information provide it for the learner.

Speed:

How quickly can courses be created and distributed with this technology?

This kind of course can be created and distributing in flexible way by provides in online .it is easier to be portable in any place which is very common use around the world.

How quickly can materials be changed?

Change of this materials depend on the idea of the learner and updating of information, it need to change the content according to improve that happen in the knowledge and the way of teaching and learning.