Pg. 565 - 568

HA(g) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + A-(aq) When an acid dissolves in water, a proton is

transferred from the acid to the water.• The new acid (conjugate acid) can react with the

conjugate base

H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq) HA (g) + H2O (l)• This reforms the parent acid and water molecule

The reaction can occur in both directions: Forward: HA (g) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + A-(aq)

Reverse: H3O+(aq) + A-(aq) HA (g) + H2O(l)

We can show the overall reaction as such:

HA (g) + H2O (l) H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq) The question is, which one wins?

HA (g) + H2O (l) H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq)

Strong Acid: the acid is completely ionized◦ HA (g) + H2O (l) H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq)

Forward reaction dominates Strong acids have weak conjugate bases

Weak Acid: does not completely ionize◦ H3O+ (aq) + A- (aq) HA (g) + H2O (l)

Reverse reaction dominates Weak acids have strong conjugate bases

Check to see conductivity!◦ Strong acid will have lots of ions, (H+ and Cl-) and

conduct well◦ Weak will have less ions, so it will not conduct as

well

Diprotic acid –provides 2 H+ (H2SO4)H2SO4 H+ + HSO4

-

HSO4- H+ + SO4

2-

Triprotic acid – provides 3 H+ (H3PO4)