Accelerator Advisory Committee Review (AAC)

Fermilab

May10-12th, 2005Helen Edwards and Nigel Lockyer

Co-Spokespersons

SMTF Proposal and Collaboration Overview

Superconducting RF Module& Test Facility (SMTF) at Fermilab

Goal: Develop U.S. Capabilities in high gradient and high Q superconducting accelerating structures in support of the International Linear Collider, Proton Driver, RIA, 4th Generation Light Source and other accelerator projects of interest to U.S and the world physics community.

1.3 GHz ILC Cryomodule

4 US Cavities

4 KEK Cavities

4 Accel Cavities

Project Status

• ILC is assumed to begin construction in the range of 2010

• CDR to be complete with costs by end of 06

• Proton Driver is about to seek CD-0

History of SMTF(1)• One year ago Helen Edwards, Kwang-Je Kim, & Hasan

Padamsee and SCRF proponents organized a “SMTF” 2nd meeting at Argonne (May 2004)

Much has happened since then• Prepared for Caltech ITRP meeting at end of June 2004

– Fermilab states they will assume lead of cold technology in US

• SMTF collaboration theme was broad SCRF R&D in many areas

• After ILC “cold technology recommendation” there was increased interest by Fermilab in moving ahead on ILC-SMTF EOI submitted in Fall 2004

• Visit DOE in December to make presentations to NP (Kovar) & HEP (Staffin)

• DOE & Fermilab interest up in PD after BTEV decision

History of SMTF(2)

• SMTF proposal submitted to Fermilab in February 2005• GDE input is beginning- B. Barish asking for deliverables• P.Oddone engaged in SMTF discussions-evaluating situation• Evolving goals (SMTF remaining flexible)• Setup process to allow us to make decisions to achieve goals

(Technical+ Institutional Boards)• Good support this year from Fermilab/DOE and collaborators • Ramp up in resources needed

SMTF CollaborationCollaborating Institutions (21) and their representatives

• Argonne National Laboratory: Kwang-Je Kim • Brookhaven National Laboratory: Ilan Ben-Zvi • Center of Advanced Technology, India: Vinod Sahni • Cornell University: Hasan Padamsee• DESY: Deiter Trines • Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: Robert Kephart• INFN, Pisa : Giorgio Bellettini • INFN, Frascati: Sergio Bertolucci• INFN, Milano: Carlo Pagani • Illinois Institute of Technology: Chris White • KEK: Nobu Toge • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: John Byrd• Los Alamos National Laboratory: J. Patrick Kelley • Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Townsend Zwart • Michigan State University: Terry Grimm• Northern Illinois University: Court Bohn • Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Stuart Henderson • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center: Chris Adolphsen• Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility: Swapan Chattopadhaya • University of Pennsylvania: Nigel Lockyer • University of Rochester: Adrian Melissinos

International Collaboration• SMTF functioning extremely well with international partners

• DESY: Started detailed discussions on the next cryomodule design and we are beginning to collaborate on the LLRF (planning a workshop in the future devoted to this subject) and controls

• KEK: Receiving 4 cavities for testing this year and discussing controls and LLRF and other areas of overlap

(US-Japan Funds) • INFN: Cold mass ++• India: Growing interest• DESY, INFN, KEK are represented on Technical Board

Why Do we Need SMTF?• Broad spectrum of world class expertise exists in SCRF in US,

especially at JLAB, Cornell, SNS, Fermilab, Argonne, LANL…• Significant R&D infrastructure in US but distributed and not of

a scale needed for the list of new projects being discussed• ILC is greater than an order of magnitude larger in scale than

any other conceived SCRF project• World leader in ILC cold technology, DESY, is beginning to

focus on X-FEL (still a major ILC player)• Japan is rapidly stepping up SCRF research• Many R&D problems must be solved before the new planned

projects can move to costing and proposal stage• SMTF will bring many more resources to bear on the identified

problems in SCRF associated with ILC, PD, RIA, CW …• Industrialization is needed to build ILC and a major goal of

SMTF is to move that process to point of readiness

US Industrialization• US industry lags Europe by several years

• US lags Japan in working with industries

• Presently 1 module/ 6 months in Europe– Capacity about 1/6 weeks-cavities limiting factor

• Euro-XFEL calls for 1/week by 2009 (challenging) several companies now

• ILC will need about 2/day

• SMTF planning to host “US Industrial Forum”

• See talk by Warren Funk

Continued…Why do we need SMTF?

• SMTF is bringing together the US and world experts to tackle the problems identified by TRC

• We are doing things better together that we cannot do separately eg. First US ILC cavities-collaboration of Cornell, AES, JLAB, & Fermilab

• SMTF brings experts together discussing problems-even from different projects – Technical Board of SMTF consists of members from each of 4 major project

areas and international experts

• Other regional facilities • TTF 30% for accelerator research (mostly for VUV user community)• STF (KEK) in construction (dedicated & similar to goals to SMTF )

• Synergy of SMTF is the common SCRF technology• SMTF: dedicated next generation regional SCRF R&D facility with beam

TTF/FEL Busy User Schedule 2005

TTF is focusing on:

VUV/FEL StudiesUser Operation

LLRF Development

TESLA Technology Collaboration

TTF: VUV/FEL (Operation)XFEL (28 MV/m)ILC (35 MV/m)

New modulator

ILC SCRF R&D Plan at KEK

“Goals” of SMTF

• SMTF is committed to solving many of the TRC R1-R4– produce cavities with >35 MV/m reliably– System tests of linac building blocks with beam– LLRF development & system tests– perform long term performance tests with beam

• Further develop US industrial cavity & module capabilities • Focus on cost reduction improvements• PD R&D on front end (ILC back end)-well matched R&D• PD and RIA need high power beam tests• RIA and PD synergy significant• CW seeks Q>3E10 (with beam tests) compliments work

elsewhere with high current tests• Accelerator physics R&D with photo-injector eg. Polarized

beams with RF photocathodes (see talk by P. Piot)

CryomoduleYear

Number

07 2

08 3

06 1

10 5-6

09 4-5

We are expecting that 4/6 will reach design gradient.

Proposed ILC Cryomodule Fabrication and Beam Test at Schedule

Summary of Motivations for SM&TF• Prepare to meet the needs for several ambitious SCRF accelerator projects being

planned in the US Examples: International Linear Collider & FELs, Light sources, RIA, Proton Driver

• SM&TF will enhance US Technical Base:– Enhance SCRF technology capability in US to meet these project needs– Effectively use existing SCRF infrastructure– Upgrade infrastructure at Fermilab and elsewhere to fill in existing gaps – Take advantage of synergy between projects eg. PD & ILC

• Overlap of national and international experts at one facility allows exchange of ideas and thus unifies and strengthens approach to SCRF

• SM&TF will allow US to:– Pursue broadly advances in SCRF technology to meet & extend science goals– Learn to reduce cost of new projects by using most advanced SCRF methods – Build cooperation with and transfer technology to US industry (lags world abilities)– Develop industrial base with view toward production and cost reduction – Collaborate & compete effectively with Europe and Asia

• National collaboration from many fields of science that broaden ILC support

SMTF Organization• Two collaboration meetings thus far, one at JLAB and one

at Fermilab, next at SNS• Started bi-weekly video meetings to keep collaborating

institutions informed–well attended-DESY and KEK report• Good participation from SLAC• Biweekly Fermilab steering committee meeting • WEB pages beginning to take shape• Institutional board elected- initial set of bylaws available• Technical Board Chair–nominations and election held

recently- Chair is Hasan Padamsee from Cornell-initial bylaws outlined on task

• Members of TB next step-initial list discussed• First TB meetings and agenda being discussed• Co-spokespersons elected two weeks ago• Good progress on this front-much more needed

FNAL

SMTF Organization Chart

Fermilab DirectorateSteve Holmes

Fermilab SMTFSteering Committee

RIA

Ken ShepardWalter Hartung

SMTFCo-Spokesperson: Nigel Lockyer

Co-Spokesperson: Helen Edwards

Technical Advisory BoardChair: Hasan Padamsee

Institutional BoardSMTF Co-Spokespersons

One Representative per InstitutionProject SpokespersonsTechnical Board Chair

Proton Driver

Bill Foster

ILC

Shekhar MishraTor Raubenheimer

CW4th Gen. Light SourcesElectron-Ion Colliders

Electron Coolers

John CorlettLia Merminga

LaboratoryDirectorate

FNAL SCRF Steering Committee Organization Chart

PD R&D Program

W. FosterG. Apollinari

ILC Accelerator R&D Program

S. Mishra H. Carter

Technical Div.

R. Kephart

SMTF Program

H. EdwardsP. Limon

P. Czarapata

Accelerator Div.

R. Dixon

FNAL SCRF Steering Committee

S. Holmes, Chair H. Edwards, Deputy

Associate Director for Accelerators

Particle Physics Div.

J. Strait

Computing Div.

V. White

ILC-Fermilab Organization Chart

ILC @ FermilabShekhar Mishra

Harry Weerts

AcceleratorS. MishraH. Carter

Director’s officeSteve Holmes

ComputingG. P. Yeh

Site studiesV. Kuchler

N&I CollaborationS. Mishra

PhysicsS. Tkaczyk

TheoryA. Kronfeld

SiDH. Weerts

MuonH. Fisk

ASICS. Tkaczyk

DetectorSimulation

AcceleratorSimulation

AcceleratorDAQ

CivilT. Lackowski

Strategic Plan H. White

Out-ReachH. Weerts

In-ReachN. Lockyer

GeologyV. Kuchler

Main LinacN. Solyak

SM TestingP. Limon

P. Czarapata

Damping RingK. Kim

SM FabricationH. Carter

InjectorP. Piot

Technical DivisionR. Kephart

Technical DivisionR. Kephart

TD Budget/AdminSupport

TD Budget/AdminSupport Computing Division

V. WhiteComputing Division

V. White

Particle Phy. DivisionJ. Strait

Particle Phy. DivisionJ. Strait

Accelerator DivisionR. Dixon

H. Edwards

Accelerator DivisionR. Dixon

H. Edwards

CommunicationJ. Jackson

M&D InterfaceN. Mokhov

This is not a reporting organization chart.

ILC-AmericasILC-Americas

SCRF

AcceleratorH. Carter

CryomoduleH. Carter

RF Power Dist./Controls

R. Pasquinelli

RF PowerP. Czarapata

RF Power

D. Wolf

Controls

J. Patrick

Production&

Integration Eng.

T. Arkan

B. Chase C. Jensen D. Nicklaus

SCRF R&D Engineering Organization

This is not a reporting organization chart.

Summary Cost • Details in H. Carter and R. Stanek talks• R&D program for the next 5 years (FY05-FY09)• M&S+SWF+G&A+30% contingency

• ILC infrastructure & operations (I&O) cost is $108M• ILC total cost (including components) is $145M • PD (I&O) cost is $26M• PD total cost (including components) is $66M

• The total cost (ILC+PD) is $210M • The estimated FTE-years needed over ILC and PD is

~430+200=630 FTE-years (over 5 years)

Summary• SMTF is a timely and well motivated collaborative

effort on SCRF• Collaboration has now defined a structure for

making decisions and moving forward• Goals and deliverables are becoming more clear-

still some evolution• SMTF will establish the technical understanding for

proceeding on SCRF linac components • Increase involvement of community • Need increased funding to meet ambitious goals

Reference Slides

• The following slides are useful sometimes as a reference

Tie ILC Goals to ILC-TRC Report

• From Chapter 9 of Summary of R&D Work that Remains to Be Done for Individual Machines or Collectively for All Machines ILC-TRC/2003 Report

• Greg Loew (Chair) et al. http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/ilc-trc/2002/2002/report/03rep.htm

R1

• The feasibility demonstration of the TESLA energy upgrade to about 800 GeV requires that a cryomodule be assembled and tested at the design gradient of 35 MV/m. The test should prove that the quench rates and breakdowns, including couplers, are commensurate with the operational expectations. It should also show that dark currents at the design gradient are manageable, whcih means that several cavities should be assembled together in the cryomodule. Tests with electropolished cavities assembled in a cryomodule are foreseen in 2003.

R2• To finalize the design choices and evaluate reliability issues

it is important to fully test the basic building blocks of the linac. For TESLA, this means several cryomodules installed in their future machine environment, with all auxiliaries running, like pumps, controls, etc. The test should as much as possible simulate realistic machine operating conditions, with the proposed klystron, power distribution system and with beam. The cavities must be equipped with their final HOM couplers, and their relative alignment must be shown to be within requirements. The cryomodules must be run at or above their nominal field for long enough periods to realistically evaluate their quench and breakdown rates.

• A sufficiently detailed prototype of the main linac module (girder or cryomodule with quadrupole) must be developed to provide information about on-girder sources of vibration.

R3 • Improvements in the low level RF systems design is needed. The

system is quite complicated and critical, with many functions (field control, feedback, piezo feedforward, interlocks, fault management) and requires very specialized expertise.

• There must be long-term testing of rf cryomodules to precisely evaluate weaknesses before large scale series production begins.

• long-term testing of multi-beam klystrons is required to quantify their lifetime and MTBF

• For the TESLA upgrade 800 GeV option, the capability of rf components (circulators, phase shifters etc) to handle a higher rf power must be demonstrated.

• Improvements (TESLA) of the source lasers are needed to improve its stability. beam klystrons is required to quantify their lifetime and MTBF

• The dark currents at the nominal operating field should be precisely evaluated.

R4

• Understanding of gradient limits with electro-polished cavities is of great interest for TESLA, especially the 800 GeV upgrade. Studies must continue in this direction, in collaboration with other institutes and universities.

• Several alternatives or complementary solutions are proposed for the TESLA rf distribution system. They should be tested and evaluated in the long term.

• The study of polarized rf photcathode guns should be encouraged.

US Institutional Contacts

Name Institution E-mailIlan Ben-Zvi BNL benzvi@bnl.gov

Swapan Chattopadhay JLAB swapan@jlab.org,

Hasan Padamsee Cornell hsp3@cornell.edu,

Stuart Henderson ORNL shenderson@ornl.gov,

Terry Grimm MSU grimm@nscl.msu.edu,

Chris Adolphsen SLAC star@slac.stanford.edu

Townsend Zwart MIT zwart@batespop.lns.mit.edu,

Kwang-Je Kim ANL kwangje@aps.anl.gov,

J. Patrick Kelley LANL jpk@lanl.gov,

John Byrd LBL JMByrd@lbl.gov

Robert Kephart FNAL kephart@fnal.gov,

Court Bohn NIU clbohn@niu.edu,

Nigel Lockyer UPENN lockyer@rutherford.hep.upenn.edu,

Christopher White IIT whitec@iit.edu,

Adrian MelissonosUniversity of Rochester meliss@pas.rochester.edu

David LarbalestierUniversity of Wisconsin larbalestier@engr.wisc.edu

International Institutional Contacts

Dieter Trines DESY dieter.trines@desy.de,

Giorgio Bellettini INFN-Pisa giorgiob@fnal.gov,

Carlo Pagani INFN-Milano carlo.pagani@desy.de,

Sergio Bertolucci INFN-Frascati sergio.bertolucci@lnf.infn.it,

Nobu Toge KEK toge@lcdev.kek.jp,

VC Sahni CAT vcsahni@magnum.barc.ernet.in,