absorbed taken in when light hits an object, some colors are absorbed and others are reflected you...
TRANSCRIPT
Absorbed
Taken in When light hits an object, some colors
are absorbed and others are reflectedYou only see reflected colors
atom
The smallest particle of a substance that has all the properties of that substance.
Balanced Forces
Forces that act against each other and do not cause a change in motion.
Object is not moving
Battery
A device that changes chemical energy into electrical energy.
Considered Potential energy. Also called a dry cell
Boiling Point
Temperature at which liquid boils and changes from a liquid to a gas.
Boiling point of water is 100° Celsius.
Buoyancy
Ability to float
Buoyant Force
The upward push of a liquid or gas on an object.
Celsius
Metric unit used for temperature 0° Celsius is the freezing/melting point of
water100° Celsius is the boiling point of water
Characteristic
A feature of a person, plant, animal or object that helps identify it.
Use your 5 senses.
Chemical Change
A change that produces a new substance Examples-- burning paper changes it from
paper to ashes.
Chemical Energy
Stored EnergyBatteriesFood
Chemical Symbol
A one or two letter abbreviation for an elements name
O OxygenC CarbonCO2 Carbon Dioxide
Circuit
A compete path of conductors that an electric current can flow through
Circuit Breaker
A switch that automatically opens a circuit when too much electricity flows through it
“Blew a breaker”
Classify
To group by like characteristics.
Compound
A substance whose molecules contain atoms of different elements
Concave Lens
A lens that is thinner in the center and thicker at the edges
Bends the light outwardMakes things appear smaller
Condensation
The process in which a gas changes into a liquid.
Condensation Point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a gas to a liquid
Conduct / Conductor
To allow to pass throughMatter that allows energy to pass
through itMetal is a conductor of heat, electricity
and magnetism.Cloth is not a conductor of heat or
electricity.
Conduction
The movement of heat between two objects that touch each other
Convection
The movement of heat energy through liquids and gases in currents
Convex Lens
A lens that is thicker in the center and thinner at the edges
Bend light inwardMakes things larger
Crest
The highest part of a wave
Current (electric)
A constant flow of electrons through a conductor
Density
How thick something is.
Dissolve
To mix and form a solution with another substance.
Ability to dissolve is called solubility.
Electric Charge
A property of matterCharge can be positive or negative
Electric Circuit
A complete pathway of conductors that electrons flow through
Electric Current
A complete loop through which electricity can flow.
Called a complete circuit.Called a closed circuit.
Electricity
A form of energy that can move through wires, making it possible to do work.
Electromagnet
A temporary magnet created by a flow of electric current around an iron bar
Element
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
Energy
The ability to do work.Causes changes to matter.Examples: mechanical, chemical,
kinetic, potential.
Evaporation
The process in which liquid changes to a gas.
First Law of Motion
An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving in a straight line at a constant speed until an outside force acts on it.
Food Energy
A form of energy that is stored in plants and when consumed is converted to energy for animals and humans.
Forms of Energy
Heat
Light
Sound
Solar
Force
A push or pull that causes a change in motion.
Freezing Point
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid.
Freezing Point of water is 0° Celsius.
Friction
A force that acts against motion when two surfaces rub against each other.
SlidingDragRolling
Gas
The state of matter that spreads out evenly to fill a container.
Particles move about freely.Has no volume?
Grams
Metric unit used for measuring weight.
Gravitation - Gravity
The force that pulls all objects in the universe towards one another.
Makes things fall.Causes weight
Heat
A form of energy that makes something feel warm.
ThermalSolarElectrical
Inertia
The property of matter that keeps it moving in a straight line or keeps it at rest.
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Insulate, Insulator
To block the flow of energy.Cloth is an insulator of heat. (hot pad)Rubber is an insulator of electricity. ( an
electrician will use rubber gloves or rubber handles)
Kinetic Energy
Energy of MotionJumping Jacks
Light
A form of energy that makes it possible to see.
If you can see something, it either produces light or reflects light.
Liquid
The state of matter that takes the shape of its container.
Particles flow past one another.Has volume.
Magnetism
A force that attracts or pushes away matter.
Mass
Amount of matter in an object.Measured in grams.Stays the same everywhere.On Earth, mass and weight are the
same.My Average Size Spacesuit.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Melting Point
Temperature at which a solid melts.Temperature at which a solid becomes a
liquid.Melting Point and Freezing Point are the
same temperature.Water is 0° Celsius.
Mixture
A combination of two or more substances in which each substance keeps its original characteristics.
Can be easily separated.Examples: Salad, Chex Mix
Molecule
A grouping of two or more atoms joined together
Example: H2O = water
Non-living things are made of atoms
Motion
The act of changing place or position.
Opaque
Does not allow light to go through.Cast a shadow.
Physical Change
Changes to appearance.Does not change what the substance is.Examples: melted chocolate
Physical Science
The study of matter and energy.Objective 2 on the TAKS Test.9 questions
Physical States of Matter
3 states of matterSolid, Liquid, Gas
Pitch vs. Volume
Pitch is the highness or lowness of sound.
Depends on the frequency of sound waves
Volume is soft or loud
Potential Energy
Energy of PositionStanding stillStored energyGravity
Property
Similar to characteristicsA characteristic you can see, feel, smell,
hear or taste. (5 senses)Examples: color, size, shape, odor, or
texture.
Reflection
A wave that bounces back off an object.Mirror
Refraction
The act of bending light as it passes through something.
Changes direction and speed.Slows the light.Appears broken.
Second Law of Motion
An object’s acceleration (speeding up) depends on the size and direction of the force acting on it and on the mass of the object.
Solar Energy
A form of energy from the Sun.Produces, heat and light energy
Solid
The state of matter that has a definite shape.
Keeps it shape no matter what the container.
Particles packed tightly together.Has Mass and Volume.
Solubility
The ability to dissolve.Salt is soluble in water.Sand is not soluble in water.
Solution
Special type of mixture.One substance dissolves into another.Examples: Sugar in tea, lemonade
Sound
Caused by vibration.Travels in waves.Pitch vs. Volume
Suspension
A mixture where one substance floats in another.
Examples: cereal floating in milk
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of all the molecules in an object.
The higher the average the kinetic energy, or the faster the molecules move, the higher the temperature.
Thermal Energy
Energy from heat.HEAT MOVES!!
Third Law of Motion
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Transmit - Transmission
Allows energy to pass through.Similar to Conduction.Metal transmits heat.
Transparent
Clear.Allows light to pass through.Transparencies
Translucent
Allows some light to pass throughWax Paper
Volume
How much space something takes up.L x W x H
Weight
Measure of the force of gravity on an object.
Measured in newtons.Not the same everywhere.