aboriginal duties info collection version 2 apr 23 07 [compatibility mode]

7/30/2019 Aboriginal Duties Info Collection Version 2 Apr 23 07 [Compatibility Mode]

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Aboriginal Duty: Collection &Interpretation of Data Related

to Assertion of s. 35 Rights

Prepared by Russell Diabo

With Assistance From

David Carruthers, Planlab &Bruce Byford, Arbex

Prepared for Pacific Businees & Law Conference on Crown and Aboriginal Duties: Practical Impl icat ions , held in Ot tawa April

24, 25, 2007


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Overview How Do We Make Decisions?Information Management: The ChallengeCase Study: Algonquins of Barriere LakeCapacity BuildingConclusions


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How do we makedecisions?


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How do we makedecisions?

decision making is risk management

A

B

decision making involves information management


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Information Management

researchers

governmentcommunity knowledge

industry

interest groups

academics } mapslettersreports

databases

stories

decision

interpretation

}


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The Barriere Lake Trilateral Agreement

Algonquins of Barriere Lake,Gouvernement du Qubec,

Government of Canada


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Trilateral Agreement Territory:Location

MITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK

Quebec

Trilateral AgreementTerritory

Rapid LakeCommunity

La VerendryeWildlife Reserve

Boundary


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Agreement Objectives To develop for implementation, a draft ecosystem-

based Integrated Resource Management Plan (IRMP) with a commitment to the principles of sustainabledevelopment, conservation, protection of the traditional

way of life of the Algonquins, & versatile resource use. To reconcile forestry operations and sports hunting andfishing with the environmental concerns & traditional

way-of-life of the Algonquins of Barriere Lake.



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Guiding Principles

Continuation of the traditional way-of-lifeSustainable Development

Conservation Versatile Use

Adaptive Ecosystem-Based Management



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Phases of the Trilateral Agreement

Phase I: the collection, inventory, study andanalysis of data respecting renewable resources

& their uses on the territory Phase II: preparation of a draft IRMPPhase III: formulation of recommendationsregarding draft IRMP implementation



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Phase I ActivitiesIndigenous Knowledge ProgramNatural Resources & Sustainable DevelopmentProgram

Economic/Social Development ProgramMeasures to Harmonize Forestry Activities withthe traditional activities of the Algonquins


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Logical Framework

Traditional EcologicalKnowledgeSocial Customs

ToponymyABL-FECSensitive Area MappingMeasures to HarmonizeElders Field Trip

Projects:

PROGRAMINDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE

Data CompilationDigitization of EcoforestryDataCut Plan Map DigitizationSynthetic Map ProductionBuffer Zone Study

Sub-Program: FORESTRYProjects:

Aerial Moose InventoryWildlife Data CompilationHabitat Supply Analysis& ModelingABL Harvest StudyMoose ManagementStrategy

Sub-Program: WILDLIFEProjects:

PROGRAMSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Regional Socio-EconomicStudyABL Socio-Economic StudyLegal Framework Study

Projects:

PROGRAMECONOMIC/SOCIAL

DEVELOPMENT

TRILATERAL AGREEMENT



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Indigenous Knowledge Program To document Algonquin ecological & socialknowledge for incorporation into the IRMP, &thereby facilitate harmonization of Algonquin &non-Algonquin land-use regimes consistent withthe interest of the Algonquins of Barriere Lake.



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MITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK SAS Mapping

WoodOccupancy

Moose YardsSpawning Areas

Sacred Areas

Burial Sites TobaccoMedicinal Plants

Sugar BushRoots

LEGEND


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Algonquin Toponymy

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wayekwgamakwgcik (wgcowjk)

khobokonimagk


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kmitci kanw ck

wayekwg ama kwgcik(wgcowjk)

khobokoni mag k

Toponym Site

Hydrography

Roads

LEGEND


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Big Game KillsMITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK

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Areas of ConcernManagement Strategy

ABL Areas of Concern (SAS)

Algonquin traditional occupancy and use sites documented during Phase I -Strategies & Prescriptions developed by IRMP Technical Team inconsultation with ABL for Phase II IRMP planning .

Ministry of Natural Resources, Wildlife and Parks Guidelines& Land Affectation

Quebec Forest Act


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FAPAQ & MRN Affectation Zones


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ABL Areas of Concern (SAS)


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ABL Areas of Concern (TMA 1)VALUE NO. &/OR

AREA (ha)PRESCRIPTION

Burial Sites 4 No forestry operations within AoCAbsolute buffer of 60m

CeremonialSites

1 No forestry operations within AoCAbsolute buffer of 100mRestriction on forest operations in area during gatheringsViewshed analysis as required

HeritageSites

1 Absolute buffer of 60mModified harvest within 400 m; harvest strategies determined throughconsultations with ABL

OccupancySites

12 permanent19 tent sites

5-yr harvest exclusion buffer of 2km around permanent sites5-yr harvest exclusion buffer of 5km around settlements (5+ cabins)Absolute buffer of 60m


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ABL Areas of Concern (cont.) TMA 1

VALUE NO. &/OR

AREA (ha)

PRESCRIPTION

SacredAreas

5 431 ha No forestry operations within AoCAbsolute buffer of 60mVisibility analysis where required

Spring

Water

6 Harvest exclusion

Absolute buffer of 60m

MedicinalPlantCollection

23 556 ha Measures to Harmonize as requiredMaintain 560 ha of Algonquin designated collection areasthroughout 20-year planning period

RootCollection

597 ha Maintain 597 ha of Algonquin designated collection areasthroughout 20-year planning period

SpecialtyWoods

23 2,211ha

Measures to Harmonize for specific sitesMaintain 1,434 ha of Algonquin designated collection areasthroughout 20-year period


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VALUE NO. &/ORAREA (ha)

PRESCRIPTION

SugarBushes

480 ha Measures to Harmonize as requiredMaintain 480 ha of Algonquin designated sugar bushes for 20-yearplanning period

TravelRoutes &Portages

Measures to Harmonize as requiredHarvest exclusion at ends of all portagesViewscape planning as required

Bear Dens 10 Manage according to bear management strategy based on homerange size (35km 2)Harvest restrictions (60m no cut buffer) when cubs are at den(November-April)Case by case assessment for new dens encountered


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PRESCRIPTION

SpawningSites

30 60 m wide buffer extending upstream & downstream alongshoreline for 50 mAbsolute buffer of 10 m from shorelinePartial cutting in remaining 50 m up to 1/3 of basal area

Bald EagleHabitat 6 nests Concentric absolute buffer of 300mNesting season zone of protection (no harvest) of 400m beyondabsolute bufferHarvesting in zone of protection outside of nesting season permitsremoval of up to 30% of basal area within 10 year periodMaintenance of at least 3 super canopy trees per 650 m of shoreline within 300 m of eagle lakes100m reserve around nests used within the last 5 yearsAvoid location of roads or landings in the AoC


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PRESCRIPTION

HeronRookeries

1 Absolute buffer of 200mRestricted forest operations within 200-500m of absolute bufferperiphery for nesting period (April-J uly)

CedarEcosites

3 22.3 ha Special management areaMeasures to Harmonize as required

MooseHuntingAreas

No cutting on islands


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Provisional MeasuresSensitive Area Study (SAS); identification of sensitive zones to be protected within cutting areasMeasures to Harmonize (MTH) forestry operations with the Algonquin way-of-life



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Measures to HarmonizeMITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK

Harvest ZoneHarvest ExclusionZone RequiringMeasures toHarmonizeHydrographyEcoforestry PolygonPlanned Roads

LEGEND


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Sustainable Developmentof Natural Resources

To obtain & utilize the highest quality forestry & wildlife data in the development of a sustainable

adaptive management strategy for the renewableresources of the Trilateral Agreement Territory (TAT).



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Modeling Forest GrowthMITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK

20-40 years40-60 years60-80 years80-100 years100+ years

Young

Old

LEGENDPRESENT AGE CLASS FUTURE AGE CLASS


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Habitat Suitability: MooseMITCHIKANIBIKOK INIK

SUMMER EARLY

WINTER

LATEWINTER

Medium Suitability

Null Suitability

High Suitability

Low Suitability

HABITAT CLASSIFICATION


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Economic/Social DevelopmentProgram

To profile & analyze Algonquin & non- Algonquin local & regional socio-economicactivities & the legal frameworks which govern

them, facilitating the selection of sustainableresource management alternatives consistent

with the interests of the Algonquins of BarriereLake.



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Context:Forestry in the TAT

TAT area: 10,900 km 2

No. Common Areas (CAAFs): 7 Area occupied by CAAFs: 9,188 km2

No. CAAF beneficiaries: 36Gross merchantable volume (all species): 77,025,340 m3

AAC (all species): 1,289,687 m3



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Economic Value of Activities in the TAT(1994 Data)


Type of Activity

Value (1994) Person-Years

Employment(1994)

Actual Valuein 10 Years

Average AnnualPersonYears

Forestry $33,384,140 146.56 $328,373,448 212.20

Tourism $4,541,692 61.55 $32,815,059 65.21

Services $3,082,508 25.50 $24,202,151 29.75

Recreation $15,526,201 n.a. $112,009,121 n.a.

Total $56,534,540 233.61 $497,399,779 307.16


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Phase II ActivitiesPreparation of 5 Wildlife Management Plans

(Moose, Black Bear, Furbearers, Small Game,Fish)Preparation of Draft Forest Management Plansfor 7 Traditional Management Areas (TMAs)


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Traditional Management Areas


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Benchmark Scenarios1) Unrestricted Harvest (All Eligible Harvest Area is available for

harvest)2) Quebec Forest Act Applied3) Quebec Forest Act & TAT Area of Concern Strategies Applied4) Quebec Forest Act & Enhanced TAT Area of Concern Strategies

Applied5) Conservation Suitability Analysis Areas (Top 12% and 8% CSA

Areas removed from EHA)

* Scenarios were not developed for uneven-age management regimes as unevenage strategies are viewed as less intrusive by the ABL.


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Scenario Modeling / Negotiation SupportIn cooperation with Quebec our planning team is developing acomputer model to predict future wood supply under variousmanagement scenarios. This model will assist and supportnegotiations for the implementation of the IRMP by predicting the future forest condition expected to result from theimplementation of each strategy and test each strategy for itsability to ensure forest sustainability while ensuring thecontinuance of the Algonquin traditional activities over time.


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Sample Model Output20 Period Projection (100 years)


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1998 Bilateral AgreementSection 7 (1) The parties agree to immediately enter

into negociations respecting the followingsubjects:a) identification of an area of land for the exclusive use

of the community of Mitchikanibikok to meet the basicneeds for community dwellings and community infrastructures, it being understood that this does not

engage the government of Quebec in the financing of infrastructures and activities which are theresponsabilities of the federal government;


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1998 Bilateral Agreement (Cont.)b) participation in economic spin-offs according

to models to be defined (for instancepartnerships, economic benefits, resourcesrevenue sharing, access to resources, etc.);c) participation in management and sustainabledevelopment of resources;

d) electrification of the community; ande) economic development of Mitchikanibikok including potentially hydro-electric projects.


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ABL-Quebec SR RecommendationsRecognition of the Trilateral Agreement Territory

as a Special Management Zone. That Forestry Management Plans be Approved asFrameworks for the Ongoing Management of Forestry Resources.

That Wildlife Management Plans & Issues beNegotiated.

That a joint Qubec-ABL Co-ManagementCommittee be Instituted and Mandated to Overseethe Implementation of the IRMP.


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ABL-Quebec SR RecommendationsRevenue-Sharing: That Quebec provide an

annual financial contribution, increased annually linked to level of natural resource exploitation.Expansion of the Land-Base: Around existing

Reserve.Electrification of Rapid Lake Reserve: By Hydro-Quebec.

Without Prejudice to Aboriginal-TreatyRights.


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Next StepsPhase III:

The development of detailed recommendations forthe implementation of the IRMP (Forests &

Wildlife)

Negotiations in next few weeks/months withQuebec government regarding SR GlobalRecommendations.

Re-engage Federal Government in the TrilateralProcess (Federal Government unilaterally

withdrew from the Agreement in 2001).


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Natural ResourceCo-Management


Exclusion Inclusion

ALGONQUINS OF BARRIERE LAKE


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Capacity BuildingRECOMMENDATIONS:

All Bands and/or Tribal Councils should review and formalize the role of their lands andresources technical units in their organization.

Or create such units in their organization.Institute an education program aimed atincreasing the awareness of managementinformation amongst First Nation leaders andcommunity members.


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Capacity BuildingRECOMMENDATIONS (continued):

Commission research to find a way of merging science and Indigenous Knowledge into a singlebody of land-resource management information.

First Nations should be funded to support theexpertise and collect the information they need.Ideally, they should have full in-house skill

compliments to use land-resource managementinformation.


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Capacity BuildingRECOMMENDATIONS (Continued):

If information sharing is as important as all parties say,a new assault should be made to resolve conflicts aboutconfidentiality, intellectual property, and appropriateuse. Realistic information sharing can then begin.

A strategic plan for the development of in-house datamanagement skills and technology should be createdand implemented as soon as possible by Bands, TribalCouncils.

A First Nations education strategy should be put inplace leading to qualifications and certification in landand resource data production.


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ConclusionIf First Nations are to benefit from the legal

entitlements set out in the recent Haida , Taku and Delgamuukw decisions. Thenorganization, skill, knowledge and information

will be key to matching Crown and industry capacity.Bands and Tribal Councils will have to sort out

their respective roles and responsibilities in theshort, medium and long term.


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Conclusion There is a burden of proof on First Nations to identify and assert their rights and interests until Aboriginaltitle is resolved. The Chief and Councils as electedofficials are primarily responsible for ensuring that acommunity does due diligence and makes best

efforts towards ensuring consultation andaccommodation takes place regarding natural resourcedevelopments taking place on Traditional Territory,

pending the resolution of Aboriginal Title. This meansinvolving the community membership in theconsultation-accommodation process.

aboriginal duties info collection version 2 apr 23 07 [compatibility mode]

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